Annual review of physiology最新文献_第10页

Brown Adipose Tissue: A Metabolic Regulator in a Hypothalamic Cross Talk? 棕色脂肪组织:下丘脑串扰中的代谢调节剂?

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2021-02-10 Epub Date: 2020-11-06 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032420-042950

Jo B Henningsen, Camilla Scheele

引用次数: 12

Ceramides in Metabolism: Key Lipotoxic Players. 神经酰胺在代谢中的作用:主要的脂毒性参与者。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2021-02-10 Epub Date: 2020-11-06 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-031620-093815

Bhagirath Chaurasia, Scott A Summers

{"title":"Ceramides in Metabolism: Key Lipotoxic Players.","authors":"Bhagirath Chaurasia, Scott A Summers","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-031620-093815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-031620-093815","url":null,"abstract":"The global prevalence of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, steatohepatitis, myocardial infarction, and stroke has increased dramatically over the past two decades. These obesity-fueled disorders result, in part, from the aberrant accumulation of harmful lipid metabolites in tissues not suited for lipid storage (e.g., the liver, vasculature, heart, and pancreatic beta-cells). Among the numerous lipid subtypes that accumulate, sphingolipids such as ceramides are particularly impactful, as they elicit the selective insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and ultimately cell death that underlie nearly all metabolic disorders. This review summarizes recent findings on the regulatory pathways controlling ceramide production, the molecular mechanisms linking the lipids to these discrete pathogenic events, and exciting attempts to develop therapeutics to reduce ceramide levels to combat metabolic disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 83 is February 10, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-physiol-031620-093815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38670368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 87

Ion Channel Function and Electrical Excitability in the Zona Glomerulosa: A Network Perspective on Aldosterone Regulation. 肾小球带离子通道功能和电兴奋性:醛固酮调控的网络视角。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2021-02-10 Epub Date: 2020-11-11 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-030220-113038

Paula Q Barrett, Nick A Guagliardo, Douglas A Bayliss

{"title":"Ion Channel Function and Electrical Excitability in the Zona Glomerulosa: A Network Perspective on Aldosterone Regulation.","authors":"Paula Q Barrett, Nick A Guagliardo, Douglas A Bayliss","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-030220-113038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-030220-113038","url":null,"abstract":"Aldosterone excess is a pathogenic factor in many hypertensive disorders. The discovery of numerous somatic and germline mutations in ion channels in primary hyperaldosteronism underscores the importance of plasma membrane conductances in determining the activation state of zona glomerulosa (zG) cells. Electrophysiological recordings describe an electrically quiescent behavior for dispersed zG cells. Yet, emerging data indicate that in native rosette structures in situ, zG cells are electrically excitable, generating slow periodic voltage spikes and coordinated bursts of Ca2+ oscillations. We revisit data to understand how a multitude of conductances may underlie voltage/Ca2+ oscillations, recognizing that zG layer self-renewal and cell heterogeneity may complicate this task. We review recent data to understand rosette architecture and apply maxims derived from computational network modeling to understand rosette function. The challenge going forward is to uncover how the rosette orchestrates the behavior of a functional network of conditional oscillators to control zG layer performance and aldosterone secretion.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-physiol-030220-113038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38593465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Diapause. 滞育。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2021-02-09 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv19fvz3n.10

M. Renfree, G. Shaw

{"title":"Diapause.","authors":"M. Renfree, G. Shaw","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19fvz3n.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19fvz3n.10","url":null,"abstract":"Embryonic diapause, or delayed implantation as it is sometimes known, is said to occur when the conceptus enters a state of suspended animation at the blastocyst stage of development. Blastocysts may either cease cell division so that their size and cell numbers remain constant, or undergo a period of very slow growth with minimal cell division and expansion. Diapause has independently evolved on many occasions. There are almost 100 mammals in seven different mammalian orders that undergo diapause. In some groups, such as rodents, kangaroos, and mustelids, it is widespread, whereas others such as the Artiodactyla have only a single representative (the roe deer). In each family the characteristics of diapause differ, and the specific controls vary widely from lactational to seasonal, from estrogen to progesterone, or from photoperiod to nutritional. Prolactin is a key hormone controlling the endocrine milieu of diapause in many species, but paradoxically it may act either to stimulate or inhibit growth and activity of the corpus luteum. Whatever the species-specific mechanisms, the ecological result of diapause is one of synchronization: It effectively lengthens the active gestation period, which allows mating to occur and young to be born at times of the year optimal for that species.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43874464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 140

Why Lungs Keep Time: Circadian Rhythms and Lung Immunity. 为什么肺保持时间:昼夜节律和肺免疫。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034602

Charles Nosal, Anna Ehlers, J. Haspel

{"title":"Why Lungs Keep Time: Circadian Rhythms and Lung Immunity.","authors":"Charles Nosal, Anna Ehlers, J. Haspel","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034602","url":null,"abstract":"Circadian rhythms are daily cycles in biological function that are ubiquitous in nature. Understood as a means for organisms to anticipate daily environmental changes, circadian rhythms are also important for orchestrating complex biological processes such as immunity. Nowhere is this more evident than in the respiratory system, where circadian rhythms in inflammatory lung disease have been appreciated since ancient times. In this focused review we examine how emerging research on circadian rhythms is being applied to the study of fundamental lung biology and respiratory disease. We begin with a general introduction to circadian rhythms and the molecular circadian clock that underpins them. We then focus on emerging data tying circadian clock function to immunologic activities within the respiratory system. We conclude by considering outstanding questions about biological timing in the lung and how a better command of chronobiology could inform our understanding of complex lung diseases. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 82 is February 10, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42821318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

New Approaches to Target Inflammation in Heart Failure: Harnessing Insights from Studies of Immune Cell Diversity. 针对心力衰竭炎症的新方法：利用免疫细胞多样性研究的见解。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034412

A. J. Rhee, K. Lavine

{"title":"New Approaches to Target Inflammation in Heart Failure: Harnessing Insights from Studies of Immune Cell Diversity.","authors":"A. J. Rhee, K. Lavine","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034412","url":null,"abstract":"Despite mounting evidence implicating inflammation in cardiovascular diseases, attempts at clinical translation have shown mixed results. Recent preclinical studies have reenergized this field and provided new insights into how to favorably modulate cardiac macrophage function in the context of acute myocardial injury and chronic disease. In this review, we discuss the origins and roles of cardiac macrophage populations in the steady-state and diseased heart, focusing on the human heart and mouse models of ischemia, hypertensive heart disease, and aortic stenosis. Specific attention is given to delineating the roles of tissue-resident and recruited monocyte-derived macrophage subsets. We also highlight emerging concepts of monocyte plasticity and heterogeneity among monocyte-derived macrophages, describe possible mechanisms by which infiltrating monocytes acquire unique macrophage fates, and discuss the putative impact of these populations on cardiac remodeling. Finally, we discuss strategies to target inflammatory macrophage populations. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 82 is February 10, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43888543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Diurnal Regulation of Renal Electrolyte Excretion: The Role of Paracrine Factors. 肾脏电解质排泄的昼夜调节：旁分泌因子的作用。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034446

Dingguo Zhang, D. Pollock

{"title":"Diurnal Regulation of Renal Electrolyte Excretion: The Role of Paracrine Factors.","authors":"Dingguo Zhang, D. Pollock","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034446","url":null,"abstract":"Many physiological processes, including most kidney-related functions, follow specific rhythms tied to a 24-h cycle. This is largely because circadian genes operate in virtually every cell type in the body. In addition, many noncanonical genes have intrinsic circadian rhythms, especially within the liver and kidney. This new level of complexity applies to the control of renal electrolyte excretion. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that paracrine and autocrine factors, especially the endothelin system, are regulated by clock genes. We have known for decades that excretion of electrolytes is dependent on time of day, which could play an important role in fluid volume balance and blood pressure control. Here, we review what is known about the interplay between paracrine and circadian control of electrolyte excretion. The hope is that recognition of paracrine and circadian factors can be considered more deeply in the future when integrating with well-established neuroendocrine control of excretion. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 82 is February 10, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034446","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49533357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

The Osteocyte: New Insights. 骨细胞:新见解。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034332

Alexander G Robling, Lynda F Bonewald

引用次数: 219

Autophagy in Kidney Disease. 肾脏疾病中的自噬。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2020-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034658

Mary E. Choi

{"title":"Autophagy in Kidney Disease.","authors":"Mary E. Choi","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034658","url":null,"abstract":"Autophagy is a cellular homeostatic program for the turnover of cellular organelles and proteins, in which double-membraned vesicles (autophagosomes) sequester cytoplasmic cargos, which are subsequently delivered to the lysosome for degradation. Emerging evidence implicates autophagy as an important modulator of human disease. Macroautophagy and selective autophagy (e.g., mitophagy, aggrephagy) can influence cellular processes, including cell death, inflammation, and immune responses, and thereby exert both adaptive and maladaptive roles in disease pathogenesis. Autophagy has been implicated in acute kidney injury, which can arise in response to nephrotoxins, sepsis, and ischemia/reperfusion, and in chronic kidney diseases. The latter includes comorbidities of diabetes and recent evidence for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-associated kidney injury. Roles of autophagy in polycystic kidney disease and kidney cancer have also been described. Targeting the autophagy pathway may have therapeutic benefit in the treatment of kidney disorders. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physiology, Volume 82 is February 10, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034658","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46784164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 82

Cardiac Pacemaker Activity and Aging. 心脏起搏器活动与衰老。

IF 18.2 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2020-02-10 Epub Date: 2019-11-22 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021119-034453

Colin H Peters, Emily J Sharpe, Catherine Proenza

引用次数: 44