Annual review of physiology最新文献

Exercise as Mitochondrial Medicine: How Does the Exercise Prescription Affect Mitochondrial Adaptations to Training? 运动作为线粒体药物：运动处方如何影响线粒体对训练的适应？

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-104836

David J Bishop, Matthew J-C Lee, Martin Picard

{"title":"Exercise as Mitochondrial Medicine: How Does the Exercise Prescription Affect Mitochondrial Adaptations to Training?","authors":"David J Bishop, Matthew J-C Lee, Martin Picard","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-104836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-104836","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondria are multifaceted organelles with several life-sustaining functions beyond energy transformation, including cell signaling, calcium homeostasis, hormone synthesis, programmed cell death (apoptosis), and others. A defining aspect of these dynamic organelles is their remarkable plasticity, which allows them to sense, respond, and adapt to various stressors. In particular, it is well-established that the stress of exercise provides a powerful stimulus that can trigger transient or enduring changes to mitochondrial molecular features, activities, integrated functions, behaviors, and cell-dependent mitochondrial phenotypes. Evidence documenting the many beneficial mitochondrial adaptations to exercise has led to the notion of exercise as a mitochondrial medicine. However, as with other medicines, it is important to understand the optimal prescription (i.e., type, dose, frequency, duration). In this review, we build on a systematic biological framework that distinguishes between domains of mitochondrial biology to critically evaluate how different exercise prescription variables influence mitochondrial adaptations to training.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Heart is a Smart Pump: Mechanotransduction Mechanisms of the Frank-Starling Law and the Anrep Effect. 心脏是一个智能泵：Frank-Starling定律的机械转导机制和Anrep效应。

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-104846

Ye Chen-Izu, Tamas Banyasz, John A Shaw, Leighton T Izu

{"title":"The Heart is a Smart Pump: Mechanotransduction Mechanisms of the Frank-Starling Law and the Anrep Effect.","authors":"Ye Chen-Izu, Tamas Banyasz, John A Shaw, Leighton T Izu","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-104846","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-104846","url":null,"abstract":"The Frank-Starling law and Anrep effect describe two intrinsic mechanisms that regulate contraction force in the heart. Based on recent advancements and the historical literature, we propose new perspectives and address several critical issues in this review. (a) The Frank-Starling mechanism and Anrep effect are dynamically linked and act synergistically. (b) An open question is how cardiomyocytes sense mechanical load and transduce to biochemical signals (called mechano-chemo-transduction or MCT) to regulate contraction in response to load changes. (c) One research focus is to identify various mechanosensors and decipher their downstream MCT pathways. (d) Innovative experimental techniques engage different mechanosensors that detect different local strain and stress in the cell architecture. (e) Closed-loop MCT feedback in the dynamic excitation-Ca2+ signaling-contraction system enables autoregulation of contraction in response to physiological load changes. ( f ) However, pathological overload such as volume and pressure overload lead to excessive MCT-Ca2+ gain, cardiac remodeling, and heart diseases.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor Mutations Associated with Human Disease: Insights into Receptor Function and Dysfunction. 与人类疾病相关的 1,4,5-三磷酸肌醇受体突变：对受体功能和功能障碍的见解。

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105627

Vikas Arige, David M MacLean, David I Yule

{"title":"Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor Mutations Associated with Human Disease: Insights into Receptor Function and Dysfunction.","authors":"Vikas Arige, David M MacLean, David I Yule","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105627","url":null,"abstract":"Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are ubiquitous intracellular Ca2+ release channels. Their activation, subcellular localization, abundance, and regulation play major roles in defining the spatiotemporal characteristics of intracellular Ca2+ signals, which are in turn fundamental to the appropriate activation of effectors that control a myriad of cellular events. Over the past decade, ∼100 mutations in ITPRs associated with human diseases have been documented. Mutations have been detailed in all three IP3R subtypes and all functional domains of the protein, resulting in both gain and loss of receptor function. IP3R mutations are associated with a diverse array of pathology including spinocerebellar ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, immunopathy, anhidrosis, hyperparathyroidism, and squamous cell carcinoma. This review focuses on how studying the altered activity of these mutations provides information relating to IP3R structure and function, the physiology underpinned by specific IP3R subtypes, and the pathological consequences of dysregulated Ca2+ signaling in human disease.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex, Gender, and COPD. 性、性别与慢性阻塞性肺病。

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-014322

Dawn L DeMeo

引用次数: 0

Store-Operated Calcium Channels in the Nervous System. 神经系统中的储能钙通道

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105330

Kirill S Korshunov, Murali Prakriya

引用次数: 0

A Mechanistic Rationale for Incretin-Based Therapeutics in the Management of Obesity. 基于胰岛素的肥胖症治疗方法的机制原理。

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105443

Ricardo J Samms, Christine M Kusminski

{"title":"A Mechanistic Rationale for Incretin-Based Therapeutics in the Management of Obesity.","authors":"Ricardo J Samms, Christine M Kusminski","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105443","url":null,"abstract":"Driven by increased caloric intake relative to expenditure, obesity is a major health concern placing economic and operational strain on healthcare and social care worldwide. Pharmacologically, one of the most effective avenues for the management of excess adiposity is the suppression of appetite. However, owing to the body's natural physiological defense to weight loss and tolerability issues that typically accompany anorectic agents, leveraging this approach to induce sustained weight loss is often easier said than done. As such, to address these challenges, researchers have coupled a thorough understanding of the gut-brain axis with advancements in peptide engineering to design therapeutics mimicking the actions of endocrine hormones to promote a negative energy balance. Indeed, multireceptor agonists targeting the GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors produce meaningful weight loss in people with obesity. Herein, we provide a rationale for how activation of the GIP receptor in the brain and the glucagon receptor in the liver and adipose tissue functions to synergize with GLP-1 receptor agonism to curb the drive to feed and ignite the combustion of excess calories for providing next-generation weight loss.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Physiology of Enteric Glia. 肠胶质细胞的生理学。

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105016

Jacques Gonzales, Brian D Gulbransen

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms and Implications of Electrical Heterogeneity in Cardiac Function in Ischemic Heart Disease. 缺血性心脏病心功能电异质性的机制及其影响

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-020541

Hector Martinez-Navarro, Xin Zhou, Blanca Rodriguez

{"title":"Mechanisms and Implications of Electrical Heterogeneity in Cardiac Function in Ischemic Heart Disease.","authors":"Hector Martinez-Navarro, Xin Zhou, Blanca Rodriguez","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-020541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-020541","url":null,"abstract":"A healthy heart shows intrinsic electrical heterogeneities that play a significant role in cardiac activation and repolarization. However, cardiac diseases may perturb the baseline electrical properties of the healthy cardiac tissue, leading to increased arrhythmic risk and compromised cardiac functions. Moreover, biological variability among patients produces a wide range of clinical symptoms, which complicates the treatment and diagnosis of cardiac diseases. Ischemic heart disease is usually caused by a partial or complete blockage of a coronary artery. The onset of the disease begins with myocardial ischemia, which can develop into myocardial infarction if it persists for an extended period. The progressive regional tissue remodeling leads to increased electrical heterogeneities, with adverse consequences on arrhythmic risk, cardiac mechanics, and mortality. This review aims to summarize the key role of electrical heterogeneities in the heart on cardiac function and diseases. Ischemic heart disease has been chosen as an example to show how adverse electrical remodeling at different stages may lead to variable manifestations in patients. For this, we have reviewed the dynamic electrophysiological and structural remodeling from the onset of acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion to acute and chronic stages post-myocardial infarction. The arrhythmic mechanisms, patient phenotypes, risk stratification at different stages, and patient management strategies are also discussed. Finally, we provide a brief review on how computational approaches incorporate human electrophysiological heterogeneity to facilitate basic and translational research.","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Lymphatic Vasculature in Lung Homeostasis and Disease. 肺稳态和疾病中的淋巴管。

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105311

Katharina Maisel, Hasina Outtz Reed

引用次数: 0

Epithelial Na+ Channels, Immune Cells, and Salt. 上皮细胞 Na+ 通道、免疫细胞和盐。

IF 15.7 1区医学

Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022724-105050

Annet Kirabo, Sepiso K Masenga, Thomas R Kleyman

引用次数: 0