Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Dietary phosphatidylinositol promotes ovarian maturation in Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) via altered lipid mobilization and hormonal regulation","authors":"Long Zhang, Tong Chang, Xiaolong Liang, Fenglu Han, Chang Xu, Erchao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphatidylinositol (PI) is an important phospholipid involved in membrane structure, lipid transport, and cellular signaling, but its nutritional role in regulating ovarian maturation in crustacean broodstock remains poorly understood. To elucidate the effects and mechanisms by which dietary PI modulates ovarian development in female broodstock of Pacific white shrimp (<ce:italic>Penaeus vannamei</ce:italic>), five isonitrogenous, isolipidic, and semi-purified diets containing 0.0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, or 0.8% PI (dry-matter basis) were formulated and fed to shrimp for 28 d. A total of 160 seven-month-old females (initial body weight 39.70 ± 1.80 g) at ovarian stage I were allocated to five treatments with four replicates each and eight shrimp per replicate. Compared with the control group (0.0 PI), the 0.6% PI diet significantly increased the gonadosomatic index (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.001) and reduced the hepatosomatic index (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.030) and shortened each of the ovarian stages I–III by approximately two days (stage I, <ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.056; stage II, <ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.159; stage III, <ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.007). Mean oocyte area in the ovary (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.001) and lipid-droplet area in the hepatopancreas (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.001) were both greatest in the 0.6% PI group compared with the other dietary groups. Ovarian total cholesterol was highest in the 0.6% group (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.029). Serum high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein declined in most PI-supplemented groups, reaching their lowest levels at 0.6% (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). Endocrine profiling showed increased estradiol at 0.6% and 0.8% (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.001), elevated progesterone across all supplemented groups (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.007), and reduced molt-inhibiting hormone at 0.2% and 0.6% (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.043). Transcriptomics identified 421 differentially expressed genes enriched for lipid synthesis and transport and for TGF-β/Notch signaling, while metabolomics revealed upregulation of D-sphingosine, palmitic acid, and stearic acid, with decreased levels of purines (guanine and hypoxanthine) and B-vitamin intermediates (riboflavinand and pantothenate). Multi-omics integration indicated potentiation of sphingolipid metabolism and fatty-acid biosynthesis, alongside heightened consumption within purine metabolism, as a potential regulatory pathway promoting ovarian maturation. In summary, dietary PI may facilitate ovarian maturation by coordinating lipid mobilization and steroidogenesis, potentially interacting with developmental signaling pathways. A recommended supplementation range of 0.442%–0.586% (dry-matter basis) is suggested based on dose-response modeling, with 0.6% yielding the significant response. These findings provide new insights into broodstock nutrition strategy in shrimp aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional solutions for appetite regulation in livestock and poultry: A review","authors":"Xiangyan Liu, Ruxin Yao, Shiyu Song, Chuan Zhou, Lixin Wen, Ji Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"The regulation of appetite in livestock and poultry is a complex process that involves the integration of central and peripheral physiological mechanisms. The process is regulated by nutritional, environmental, and genetic factors. This review synthesises current understanding of the neuroendocrine and gut<ce:bold>–</ce:bold>brain axis pathways that regulate appetite, including hypothalamic signalling via agouti-related protein (AgRP)/neuropeptide Y (NPY) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC)/cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) neurons, as well as peripheral modulation by gut hormones (e.g., ghrelin, leptin [LEP], and glucagon-like peptide–1 [GLP-1]) and microbial metabolites (e.g., volatile fatty acids [VFA]). Distinct species–specific characteristics, such as the use of rumen fill and VFA of ruminants, visual feed preference in poultry, and taste–driven intake in swine, underline the need to develop proper nutritional strategies. The regulatory and potential mechanism of some important dietary factors, such as energy density, protein and amino acid balance, micronutrients and functional additives (e.g., phytochemicals, probiotics, and acidifiers), are discussed in this paper, which can enhance satiety or stimulate feed intake. Furthermore, the latest advancements in species- and stage-specific nutritional intervention strategies for swine, ruminants, and poultry are summarised. Emerging approaches, including novel alternative feed resources, multi-omics analysis, feed-focused genome editing, and precision feeding systems, offer promising strategies to improve feed efficiency and animal health. Future research should integrate molecular biology, nutrigenomics, and smart farming technologies to develop sustainable, species–specific strategies for appetite modulation, thereby enhancing livestock productivity and welfare.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148852910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary taurine supplementation ameliorates growth performance, intestinal health, and environmental stress tolerance in summer-reared Megalobrama amblycephala","authors":"Kang Chen, Lu Chen, Zheng He, Peiyu Xie, Hong Liu, Zexia Gao, Huanling Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148755405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary α-MG alleviates LPS-induced stress and enhances growth performance in broilers via improved intestinal immunity and integrity","authors":"Kaibo Fu, Yuan Yue, Jian Zhao, Xianlei Li, Bingkun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148715733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-winter feeding high-fat diet with caffeic acid phenethyl ester attenuates weight loss and improves health and muscle quality in grass carp during overwintering","authors":"Handong Li, Li Tang, Xiangtong Yuan, Ziyang Ren, Mingkui Wei, Zhiqi Tian, Rongrong Xue, Zeran Gao, Chang Liu, Hong Ji, Gen He, Jian Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"High-fat diets (HFD) are commonly used to fatten fish before overwintering; however many species of fish have limited tolerance to HFD. This study investigated the effects of supplementing HFD with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on overwintering performance in grass carp. A total of 300 grass carp (initial body weight 620.08 ± 1.32 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicate net cages in a pond, and fed a normal-fat diet (5% lipid, reference group [RFG]), or HFD (10% lipid) without or supplemented with different levels of CAPE (0, 400, 800, and 1200 mg/kg, named Control, C400, C800, and C1200, respectively). The experimental fish were fed for 40 d before overwintering, followed by a 154 d overwintering period. Growth performance did not differ among groups after the feeding period (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &gt; 0.05). Post-overwintering, the fish in the HFD group maintained a higher body weight than those in the Control group (<ce:italic>P &lt;</ce:italic> 0.001), while the CAPE-supplemented groups exhibited the least overall weight loss (<ce:italic>P &lt;</ce:italic> 0.001). Compared to the RFG, the HFD showed a significantly lower rate of intraperitoneal fat loss but a significantly higher rate of hepatopancreas triglyceride utilization (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.001). The HFD displayed significantly elevated levels of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α), serum aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05), indicating that HFD induced hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation. Dietary CAPE supplementation enhanced adipose tissue lipid utilization efficiency and mitigated these adverse hepatic effects. Dietary CAPE supplementation also significantly reduced muscle crude protein loss during overwintering (<ce:italic>P &lt;</ce:italic> 0.001), suggesting alleviated protein degradation. Consequently, the post-overwintering textural properties (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness) of both raw and cooked muscle were superior in the CAPE groups (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). Serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and inflammatory cytokines in the CAPE groups were normalized to levels comparable to those of the RFG (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05), indicating improved systemic health. Pre-overwintering feeding of an HFD supplemented with CAPE appears to be a promising strategy for reducing body weight loss, alleviating hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation, enhancing systemic health status, and improving the flesh quality of overwintering grass carp.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of andrographolide on growth performance, serum indices, and multi-site microbial communities in weaned calves","authors":"Xiaohan Zhou, Chao Zhao, Ran Jia, Zixian He, Zhiyin Lin, Jingping Cao, Yi Luo, Sihai Yang, Dewu Liu, Yaokun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"Weaning stress frequently induces systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in calves, thereby impairing growth performance and increasing susceptibility to gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. Andrographolide (AG) is a natural active compound extracted from the medicinal plant &lt;ce:italic&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/ce:italic&gt;. It exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its impacts on calf physiological health and multi-site microbial ecosystems remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of AG supplementation on growth performance, serum anti-inflammatory and antioxidant levels, and microbial communities across multiple sites (rumen, rectum, and nasal cavity) in weaned calves. Eighteen healthy Angus calves (age 90 ± 3 d, initial body weight 88.25 ± 4.98 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups (&lt;ce:italic&gt;n&lt;/ce:italic&gt; = 6 per group): 0 mg/kg AG group (CON); 8 mg/kg AG group (L-AG); and 16 mg/kg AG group (H-AG). The trial lasted for 42 d. Results indicated that AG supplementation linearly increased calf average daily gain (ADG; &lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; = 0.011); however, the L-AG group exhibited the most significant weight gain advantage during the latter phase (21–42 d) (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; = 0.026). Serum analysis revealed that AG supplementation significantly enhanced calves' antioxidant (e.g., superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px]) and anti-inflammatory (e.g., interleukin [IL]-4 and IL-10) capacities (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), while markedly reducing pro-inflammatory factors (e.g., IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6) and the oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde) (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05); the H-AG group exhibited the most pronounced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Microbiome analysis revealed that AG treatment consistently remodeled microbial communities across all sites (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05). In the rumen, the L-AG group specifically enriched beneficial genera associated with volatile fatty acid (VFA) synthesis, including &lt;ce:italic&gt;Pseudoscardovia&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;CAG-238&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;CAG-127&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, and &lt;ce:italic&gt;CAG-793&lt;/ce:italic&gt; (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt;&lt;ce:inf loc=\"post\"&gt;&lt;ce:italic&gt;adj&lt;/ce:italic&gt;&lt;/ce:inf&gt; &lt; 0.05). In the nasal cavity, AG significantly reduced the abundance of multiple potential pathogenic microorganisms, including &lt;ce:italic&gt;Pasteurella&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;Moraxella_C&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;Brevundimonas&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, and &lt;ce:italic&gt;Exiguobacterium_A&lt;/ce:italic&gt; (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt;&lt;ce:inf loc=\"post\"&gt;&lt;ce:italic&gt;adj&lt;/ce:italic&gt;&lt;/ce:inf&gt; &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, AG enhanced cross-site microbial interactions, with a numerical increase in cross-site edges (CON = 529, L-AG = 741, H-AG = 866). The AG treatments significantly altered the network topological structure (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), suggesting a strengthening of the gut-lung axis. In summary, A","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replacing soybean meal with fermented rapeseed meal improves growth performance and intramuscular fat deposition in growing-finishing pigs","authors":"Yumei Zhao, Daiwen Chen, Gang Tian, Ping Zheng, Junning Pu, Bing Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2025.12.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2025.12.022","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with fermented rapeseed meal (FRSM) on growth performance, nutrient digestion and absorption, carcass characteristics and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. Eighty-four 80-d-old healthy pigs (initial body weight: 33.65 ± 0.62 kg) were randomly assigned to four dietary groups: SBM group (corn-SBM diet), 50%RSM group (hot pressed RSM replacing 50%SBM on an isonitrogenous basis), 50%FRSM group, and 100%FRSM group (FRSM replacing 50% or 100%SBM on an isonitrogenous basis). Each group consisted of 7 replicates of 3 piglets for a 91-d trial. Results indicated that 50%FRSM and 100%FRSM groups showed numerically increased average daily feed intake and average daily gain in pigs during 30 to 125 kg phase compared to SBM and 50%RSM groups (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &gt; 0.05). The mRNA level of jejunal taste receptor (<ce:italic>T1R1</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>ENaC</ce:italic>) in pigs significantly increased in 50%FRSM and 100%FRSM groups compared to 50%RSM groups (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05), while the mRNA level of <ce:italic>POMC</ce:italic> in hypothalamus exhibited an inverse pattern (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.001). Regarding nutrient absorption, the mRNA levels of jejunal nutrient transporters (<ce:italic>CAT1</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>PepT1</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>SGLT1</ce:italic>) in the 100%FRSM group were significantly higher than those in the SBM and 50%RSM groups (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). Longissimus dorsi intramuscular fat content was significantly higher in the 50%FRSM and 100%FRSM groups than in the SBM group (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.005). Further analysis showed that 100%FRSM diet upregulated mRNA expression of lipid metabolism-related genes (<ce:italic>FATP</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>DGAT1,</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>PID1</ce:italic>) (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05) and increased lactate dehydrogenase activity in longissimus dorsi muscle (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.017). In conclusion, supplementation with FRSM numerically improves the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs by enhancing feed intake and nutrient absorption, and promotes intramuscular fat deposition through enhanced lipid and energy metabolism. The results suggest FRSM can serve as a viable alternative plant protein for swine diets.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary interaction of soybean oil and high starch impairs growth performance via metabolic-inflammatory dysregulation in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii)","authors":"Tingting Song, Shukang Wang, Guanling Xu, Lin Luo, Tieliang Li, Wei Xing, Ying Zhang, Zhe Pan, Yuanyuan Ren, Huanhuan Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2025.12.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2025.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"Sturgeons, ancient fish and the source of caviar, are ecologically and economically vital in aquaculture. To enhance feed efficiency, the use of cost-effective non-protein ingredients such as soybean oil and starch has gained growing attention. This study investigated the effects of oil sources and starch levels on growth, lipid metabolism, and inflammation in Siberian sturgeon (&lt;ce:italic&gt;Acipenser baerii&lt;/ce:italic&gt;). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated: fish oil diet with low starch level (FOLS), soybean oil diet with low starch level (SOLS), fish oil diet with high starch level (FOHS), and soybean oil diet with high starch level (SOHS). A total of 240 fish (initial weight: 182.87 ± 0.24 g) were used in a 10-week feeding trial. They were randomly assigned to 12 tanks, with three replicates per diet. Results showed that oil source had no significant effect on growth performance (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &gt; 0.05), but high starch significantly reduced final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05). Both soybean oil and high starch independently increased feeding rate and feed conversion ratio (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), with their interaction further reducing feed efficiency (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05). High starch diets disrupted lipid metabolism. Specifically, they elevated hepatosomatic index, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), along with increased expression of hepatic genes related to fatty acid β-oxidation (&lt;ce:italic&gt;pparα&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; = 0.001). Soybean oil also promoted fatty acid β-oxidation (&lt;ce:italic&gt;pparα&lt;/ce:italic&gt; and &lt;ce:italic&gt;cpt1α&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), and in combination with high starch, enhanced lipolysis (&lt;ce:italic&gt;lpl&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; = 0.042). Meanwhile, high starch upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory gene (&lt;ce:italic&gt;il1β&lt;/ce:italic&gt;, &lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; = 0.020). The mRNA expression results indicated that the soybean oil-high starch combination further aggravated inflammation alongside enhanced fatty acid oxidation, ultimately impairing growth. A principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of the lipidome showed that the serum lipid profile was significantly affected by the oil source (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; = 0.004). Seven metabolites were identified as commonly differentially abundant. Notably, phosphatidylethanolamine [PE (18:0_20:4) and PE (18:0_18:1)] and ceramide phosphate [CerP (d39:2)] were positively correlated with levels of TG, TC, and the expression of β-oxidation and inflammatory genes (&lt;ce:italic&gt;P&lt;/ce:italic&gt; &lt; 0.05), suggesting their potential key roles in lipid-inflammatory dysregulation. In conclusion, dietary soybean oil and high starch interact to modulate serum lipid molecules, enhance fatty acid β-oxidation and inflamma","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148717081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chondroitin sulfate modulates gut microbiota to improve bone metabolism and reduce locomotion problems in yellow-feathered broilers","authors":"Yuyang Xue, Min Yao, Xiangjian Peng, Fang Wang, Shanshan Nan, Wei Jing, Fei Zhang, Xueqiang Liu, Zhonglin Liu, Cunxi Nie, Wenju Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is known to promote bone health, but its effects on skeletal development and gut microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of CS on bone health, growth performance, and intestinal flora in broilers. A total of 720 one-d-old Jinling yellow-feathered broilers (initial body weight 37.0 ± 0.5 g) were randomly divided into four treatment groups, each with nine replicates of 20 birds. The control group was fed a basal diet (CON), while the experimental group was supplemented with low (LCS), medium (MCS), or high CS (HCS) levels (0.05%, 0.15%, or 0.30%) for 30 d. Samples were collected every 10 d during a supplementation period of 30 d and again at 63 d to investigate the effect of early supplementation of CS on bone development later in life. Chondroitin sulfate supplementation improved broiler growth performance only at the beginning of the study. Compared with the CON group, the MCS group significantly increased tibial weight and length, and improved mid-segment geometric parameters, including vertical wall thickness (WTv), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), and cross-sectional area (CSA) (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). The MCS group optimized bone trabecular structure, increased bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and trabeculae thickness (Tb.Th) (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05); promoted new bone formation, and enhanced bone Ca and P deposition, compared with the CON. Chondroitin sulphate supplementation significantly decreased serum bone resorption markers tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), elevated bone formation markers bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) at 30 d, and down-regulated the expression levels of bone resorption-related genes (<ce:italic>TRAP</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>RANKL</ce:italic>) (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the MCS group significantly increased the abundance of p_Bacillota_A_368345, <ce:italic>Faecalibacterium</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>Brotaphodocola</ce:italic> (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05); and decreased the abundance of harmful bacterial genera. Functional prediction showed that the MCS group down-regulated some pro-inflammatory and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related pathways and up-regulated carbohydrate degradation pathways (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05), compared with the CON group. In conclusion, CS supplementation improved bone quality, and altered the composition of intestinal flora during broiler growth.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tannic acid as a multi-target regulator of intestinal barrier function in livestock","authors":"Lingyang Zhao, Jia Huang, Zhihua Liu, Peng Bin, Wenjie Tang, Peng He, Xianfeng Peng, Shuo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2026.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2026.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"The intestinal barrier serves as a critical defense system that prevents pathogen invasion and the translocation of toxins. A compromised barrier initiates a cascade of damage, including impaired mucus secretion, dysregulated inflammatory responses, reduced antioxidant capacity, and microbial dysbiosis. Emerging evidence has highlighted polyphenolic phytochemicals as promising candidates for restoring the barrier. Tannic acid (TA), a hydrolysable tannin, demonstrates multi-mechanistic potential to restore intestinal barrier integrity. This potential originates from its distinctive chemical structure, which functionally ensures the performance of these multiple biological roles. This review synthesizes current evidence on the mechanisms by which TA reinforces intestinal barrier function. Tannic acid remodels the gut microbiota to increase the production of beneficial metabolites, such as butyrate, which subsequently strengthens the physical barrier by upregulating tight junction proteins. In parallel, TA directly enhances the antioxidant defense via the Nrf2 pathway and modulates intestinal immune response by suppressing key pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, including the NF-κB and NLRP3. However, the practical application of TA is limited by anti-nutritional effects, necessitating the development of mitigation strategies, such as microencapsulation or synergistic formulations. Overall, this review aims to provide insights into the potential applications of TA for the prevention and treatment of intestinal disorders in livestock and poultry.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148692478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}