Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Erratum: Retraction notice to \"L-Leucine stimulates glutamate dehydrogenase activity and Glutamate synthesis by regulating mTORC1/SIRT4 pathway in pig liver\" [Animal Nutrition 4 (2018) 329-338].","authors":"Tongxin Wang, Weilei Yao, Qiongyu He, Yafei Shao, Ruilong Zheng, Feiruo Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.12.002.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 ","pages":"488"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of combined thymol and rosmarinic acid on the intestinal microbiota and barrier function of the piglets challenged by Escherichia. coli K88","authors":"Runlin Li, Xuedong Ding, Mingkang Lei, Panpan Li, Ilias Giannenas, Jing Wang, Weiyun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"It has been found that thymol (Thy) and rosmarinic acid (Ros-A) improve the growth performance of piglets and relieve intestinal inflammation in animals. The effects of Thy and Ros-A separately or in combination (Thy×Ros-A) on the intestinal function and health of piglets challenged with <ce:italic>Escherichia coli</ce:italic> K88 (<ce:italic>E. coli</ce:italic> K88) were investigated. A total of 30 piglets aged 21 d were assigned to 5 groups (<ce:italic>n =</ce:italic> 6). The control (Con) and K88 groups piglets received a basal diet, while the Thy, Ros-A, and Thy×Ros-A groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg Thy, 500 mg/kg Ros-A, and 250 mg/kg Thy + 250 mg/kg Ros-A, respectively. On the 19th and 20th day, piglets in the K88, Thy, Ros-A, and Thy×Ros-A groups were orally administered 10 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing approximately 1 × 10<ce:sup loc=\"post\">9</ce:sup> colony-forming units/mL of <ce:italic>E. coli</ce:italic> K88, while the Con group received an equal volume of PBS. The results showed that the Thy×Ros-A treatment reduced the damage to ileal villi induced by the <ce:italic>E. coli</ce:italic> K88 challenge, leading to longer villi in the ileum (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). Thy and Ros-A modulated the composition of the ileal microbiota. Compared to the K88 group, the Thy×Ros-A group had a higher abundance of <ce:italic>Lactobacillus</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Romboutsia</ce:italic>, while <ce:italic>Escherichia-Shigella</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Desulforvibrio</ce:italic> were lower (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the Thy×Ros-A group showed elevated levels of gene and protein expressions for zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-1 compared to the K88 group (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, combining Thy and Ros-A reduced ileal damage and relieved the inflammation in weaned piglets challenged with <ce:italic>E. coli</ce:italic> K88 by regulating intestinal microflora and improving barrier function.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased proline intake during gestation alleviates obesity-related impaired fetal development and placental function in gilts","authors":"Shuangbo Huang, Jinfeng Li, Hongxuan Ye, Zihao Huang, Junyi Wu, Liudan Liu, Shuo Ma, Hefeng Luo, Tanghong Wei, Kai Liu, Jinping Deng, Dingfa Liu, Chengquan Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal proline (Pro) supplementation enhances fetal survival and placental development in mice. However, the effect of Pro on fetal and placental development in gilts remains to be investigated, particularly in the context of obesity-induced impaired pregnancy. Here, we investigated the effect of dietary Pro on fetal and placental development in obese gilts. Exp.1: On day 60 of gestation, forty-eight gilts with similar delivery times were selected and followed up until delivery to determine the relationship between maternal obesity, litter performance, and Pro abundance in term placentae. The results showed that impaired reproductive performance was associated with body condition parameters and inadequate placental Pro availability of gilts. Exp. 2: A total of 114 gilts were then used in a 2 × 3 factorial design to investigate the interaction between body condition (factor I: normal or obese gilts) and dietary Pro levels [factor II: low (0.89%, L-Pro), medium (1.39%, M-Pro), and high (1.89%, H-Pro)] on farrowing performance and placental angiogenesis. This resulted in six treatment combinations: normal-L-Pro, obese-L-Pro, normal-M-Pro, obese-M-Pro, normal-H-Pro, and obese-H-Pro. The effective number of replicates per group was 17, 21, 19, 21, 18, and 18, respectively (1 gilt per replicate). The results showed that increasing Pro intake increased piglet birth weight (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.001), litter weight (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.001), placental efficiency (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.036) and placental vascular density (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> &lt; 0.001), and decreased the number of mummified fetuses (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.001), the rate of low-birth-weight piglets (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.005), and the rate of invalid piglets (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.029). Interaction effects were observed between body condition and dietary Pro levels on piglet birth weight (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.046), within-litter birth weight variation (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.012), and placental vascular density (<ce:italic>P</ce:italic> = 0.007). Moreover, the beneficial effect of Pro on farrowing performance may be related to the improvement of sirtuin 1-superoxide dismutase 2-mitochondrial reactive oxygen species axis homeostasis and angiogenesis in the placenta. Our results suggest that gestation diets need to provide adequate Pro to meet the needs of fetal and placental development, particularly in obese gilts.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142758734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Probiotic effect of ferulic acid esterase-producing <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> inoculated alfalfa silage on digestion, antioxidant, and immunity status of lactating dairy goats\" [Anim Nutr 11 (2022) 38-47].","authors":"Fuhou Li, Baibing Zhang, Yixin Zhang, Xia Zhang, Samaila Usman, Zitong Ding, Lizhuang Hao, Xusheng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2023.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2023.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.010.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"18 ","pages":"464"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in the milk lipidomic profile of lactating dairy cows fed the diets containing alfalfa hay versus alfalfa silage.","authors":"Kaizhen Liu, Meiqing Chen, Guoxin Huang, Chuanyou Su, Wenhao Tang, Ning Li, Jiyong Yang, Xufang Wu, Boxue Si, Shengguo Zhao, Nan Zheng, Yangdong Zhang, Jiaqi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alfalfa is primarily stored as silage or hay in livestock production. Previous research has shown that the storage method of grass significantly influences milk composition. This study aimed to investigate milk production performance and lipid composition in dairy cows fed diets consisting of alfalfa hay or alfalfa silage as roughage. Forty-two mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were selected and randomly divided into three groups, each receiving a total mixed ration consisting of alfalfa hay (AH), 50% alfalfa silage + 50% alfalfa hay (AHAS), or alfalfa silage (AS). The results showed that milk fat content (<i>P</i> = 0.049) and milk fat yield (<i>P</i> < 0.001) were significantly higher in the AH and AHAS groups compared to the AH group. With increased supplementation of alfalfa silage in the diet, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content increased significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.001), while ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid content (<i>P</i> = 0.007) and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The contents of sphingomyelins, phosphatidylserines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylglycerols in the AHAS and AS samples were higher than in the AH samples, although the differences were not statistically significant. Additionally, the content of phosphatidylcholines was significantly higher in the AS group compared to the AH group (<i>P</i> = 0.032). In conclusion, feeding dairy cows a diet consisting of alfalfa silage can increase the major phospholipid content and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in raw milk, which is more conducive to human health. These findings provide valuable insights into the benefits of alfalfa silage for dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 ","pages":"261-271"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of fecal microbiota between diarrhea and non-diarrhea piglets reveals biomarkers of gut microbiota associated with diarrhea.","authors":"Jiang Zhu, Yue Sun, Lingyan Ma, Qu Chen, Caihong Hu, Hua Yang, Qihua Hong, Yingping Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diarrhea poses a significant threat to the health and well-being of weaned piglets, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality and economic loss in the pig industry. However, the structural characteristics of the gut microbiota and the key genera associated with early diarrhea in piglets within large-scale production systems are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the differences in the microbial community structure and the specific genera alteration between the healthy piglets and diarrhea piglets, and to identify the biomarkers of gut microbiota associated with diarrhea in piglets. A total of 250 fecal samples, including 130 healthy piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Large Yorkshire) in the Control group and 120 from diarrhea piglets in Diarrhea group, were collected from three large-scale farms as discovery cohorts and were used for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Additionally, 150 fecal samples from another large-scale pig farm were collected for the validation trail. The Chao1 and ACE indices were obviously lower (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in the diarrhea piglets compared to the healthy ones. Principal coordinate analysis showed significant differences in the distance matrix of gut microbiota between the healthy and diarrhea piglets (Bray-Curtis: <i>P</i> = 0.001, Jaccard: <i>P</i> = 0.001). Eighty-five genera were differentially enriched (<i>P</i> < 0.001) between healthy and diarrhea piglets. Notably, <i>Treponema</i>, <i>Sphaerochaeta</i>, <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i>, <i>Slackia</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus</i> were identified as potential biomarkers of diarrhea susceptibility; <i>Clostridium sensu stricto 1</i>, <i>Prevotella_9</i>, <i>Olsenella</i>, <i>Dorea</i>, and <i>Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group</i> were found to be beneficial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. These differentially enriched genera of healthy and diarrhea piglets were further confirmed in the validation cohort. In conclusion, this study identified the diarrhea-associated and beneficial genera in the faces of piglet, providing a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and intervention of diarrhea in weaned piglets.</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 ","pages":"401-410"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of phytase and 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation in broilers fed calcium-phosphorous deficient diets, with or without <i>Eimeria</i> challenge, on growth performance, body composition, bone development, and gut health.","authors":"Hanyi Shi, Venkata S R Choppa, Deependra Paneru, Woo K Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study evaluated the effects of nutritional strategies on broilers challenged with <i>Eimeria</i> from d 14 to 26. A total of 840 Cobb male broilers were fed five diets in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement: 1) nutrient adequate diet (PC; 0.84% calcium [Ca], 0.42% available phosphorus [avP]); 2) Ca-P deficient diet (NC; 0.64% Ca, 0.22% avP); 3) NC + 1500 FTU/kg phytase of diet (NC + PHY); 4) NC + 5000 IU/kg 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol of diet (NC + 25OHD); and 5) NC with both supplements (NC + PHY + 25OHD), with and without <i>Eimeria</i> challenge. All treatments had six replicate cages with 14 birds per cage. At 5 days post inoculation (DPI), the challenged birds exhibited higher serum fluorescein isothiocyanate-d (FITC-d) levels than the unchallenged birds (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The NC + PHY and NC + PHY + 25OHD groups exhibited lower FITC-d levels compared to the NC + 25OHD group (<i>P</i> = 0.012). Significant interaction effects between <i>Eimeria</i> challenge and dietary treatments were observed on various parameters. During 0 to 6 and 0 to 12 DPI, <i>Eimeria</i> challenge resulted in decreased the body weight gain (BWG) (<i>P</i> < 0.05) but had a negative effect on the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in birds compared to the unchallenged group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Reducing Ca and avP levels in the diet (NC) did not adversely affect BWG, but negatively impacted FCR, bone ash weight, ash concentration, and femur bone microstructure parameters (<i>P</i> < 0.05). On 12 DPI, <i>Eimeria</i> challenge led to decreased tibia bone weight, bone volume, fat-free bone weight (FFBW), and ash weight of birds (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Supplementation with phytase alone or in combination with 25OHD improved growth performance, gut permeability, bone ash and bone microstructure parameters in birds (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, the group fed 25OHD alone showed enhancements on growth performance, mineral apposition rate (MAR), bone ash concentration and ash percentage of the birds (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, lowering Ca and avP levels in the diet negatively affected FCR and bone development but did not affect intestinal integrity in broilers. Dietary supplementation of phytase, 25OHD, or phytase in combination of 25OHD could enhance the growth performance and bone quality of broilers infected with <i>Eimeria</i>. Notably, the benefits of phytase supplementation were generally more pronounced than those associated with 25OHD supplementation; however, the combination of phytase and 25OHD could induce optimum effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 ","pages":"411-428"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal vitamin A but not retinoic acid administration increases intramuscular adipocyte number in sheep by promoting vascularization.","authors":"Zhongzuo Huang, Xiaoxiao Yu, Zongyou Jiang, Gaojian Tang, Shaoqi Gao, Yifan Xiang, Yicheng Luo, Boping Ye, Yating Li, Pengkang Song, Yu Xin, Min Du, Junxing Zhao, Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated whether vitamin A (VA) administration during the neonatal stage could increase the number of intramuscular adipocytes in Hu sheep by promoting vascularity. A total of 56 newborn male Hu sheep were divided into four groups and received intramuscular injections of either 0, 7500 IU retinoic acid (RA), 7500 IU VA, or a combination of 7500 IU VA and 5 mg SU5416 (an angiogenic inhibitor), at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days of age. At 15 days of age, 6 sheep from each group were randomly selected and sacrificed for intramuscular adipogenic capacity analysis. The remaining 8 sheep in each group were raised until they were 8 months old. VA-treated sheep exhibited an increase in preadipocytes, elevated expression of adipogenic genes (CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha [<i>CEBPA</i>] and CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta [<i>CEBPB</i>]) and angiogenic genes (vascular endothelial growth factor A [<i>VEGFA</i>]), and stromal vascular fraction cells in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle with enhanced adipogenic capacity (<i>P</i> ＜ 0.05). These effects were entirely negated by SU5416. Upon slaughter, VA increased final weight, carcass weight, and average daily gain (<i>P</i> ＜ 0.05) but did not affect feed intake at 21 to 32 weeks (<i>P</i> = 0.824). VA increased the number of intramuscular adipocytes in the LD and semitendinosus (ST) muscle (<i>P</i> ＜ 0.05) without changing the adipocyte number of the omentum, perirenal and subcutaneous fats (<i>P</i> ＞ 0.05). VA injections also increased intramuscular triglyceride (TG) content (<i>P</i> = 0.016) without changing the omentum fat weight or subcutaneous fat thickness (<i>P</i> ＞ 0.05), but it did increase the perirenal fat weight (<i>P</i> = 0.011). Consistently, SU5416 mitigated the effects of VA on intramuscular TG content and adipocyte count, correlating with a decrease in vascularity. In contrast, RA injections didn't affect the intramuscular fat (<i>P</i> = 0.744) but reduced the TG content of the omentum and perirenal fat (<i>P</i> ＜ 0.05). In conclusion, intramuscular injections of VA but not RA at the neonatal stage improved the growth performance of Hu sheep, increasing the number of intramuscular adipocytes and marbling by promoting angiogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 ","pages":"215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary astaxanthin alleviates black soldier fly oil-induced negative changes of fatty acids content and muscle quality on <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> via mammalian target of rapamycin and AMP-activated protein kinase pathway.","authors":"Yongkang Chen, Jian Zhong, Xuanqi Chen, Xiaomin Li, Haiqi Pu, Baoyang Chen, Yucai Guo, Anqi Chen, Wenjie Li, Peng Hu, Xinliang Zhu, Wei Zhao, Jin Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effect of black soldier fly (<i>Hermetia illucens</i>) larvae oil (BO) produced by a novel technique, subcritical butane extraction, on the flesh quality, lipid nutrients and muscle growth of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) fillet, and investigated the alleviating mechanisms of dietary astaxanthin (AST) supplementation. Two hundred and forty fish (215.16 ± 2.30 g) were distributed to three groups with four replicates. Fish were fed three experimental diets for 8 weeks: the control diet (CD diet), total fish oil of the CD diet was replaced with BO to formulate the BO100 diet, and then 1 g/kg AST was supplemented with the BO100 diet to formulate the AST diet. Results showed that the final body weight and the sarcomere length of fillet were significantly increased and the protein phosphorylation levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p70 S6 kinase were enhanced in the BO100 group compared to the CD group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, there was a reduction in the hardness, springiness and chewiness of fillets, with a decrease in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in the fish of the BO100 group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Supplementation of AST in the BO100 diet mitigated the impairment of springiness and chewiness and further promoted the sarcomere length of fillet (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary AST partially restored the EPA and DHA content of fillet by increasing the phosphorylation levels of serine/threonine kinase (AKT) and AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and activating the gene expression of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis. To conclude, BO produced by subcritical butane extraction can be a readily available oil source for rainbow trout feed that can be used to promote muscle growth in rainbow trout. Further dietary AST supplementation can alleviate BO-induced lipid accumulation, restore DHA levels and improve the flesh quality of rainbow trout fillet.</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 ","pages":"313-324"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indole-3-propionic acid enhances growth performance and reduces diarrhea via modulating redox status and intestinal inflammation in weaned piglets.","authors":"Dongxu Ming, Xincong Xu, Xianren Jiang, Yanpin Li, Wenjuan Sun, Jiangbo Xiang, Mingyuan Huang, Yu Pi, Xilong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) has anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial for weaned piglets with underdeveloped immune systems. The study explores the impact of IPA supplementation on growth performance, oxidative stress, and inflammation response in weaned piglets. In Exp. 1, 90 weaned piglets were divided into six groups (5 replicates per group, 3 pigs per replicate), with each group receiving a basal diet with varying amounts of IPA (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg) for 42 d. Piglets fed the diets with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of IPA exhibited reduced feed conversion ratios (F:G) compared to the control piglets (<i>P</i> = 0.035). Notably, 50 and 100 mg/kg IPA treatments significantly reduced diarrhea incidence and serum interleukin (IL)-6 content (<i>P <</i> 0.05). Conversely, a high dosage of 600 mg/kg IPA led to increased serum contents of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6 (<i>P <</i> 0.05). Optimal antioxidant benefits were observed at 100 mg/kg IPA supplementation, which significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels while enhancing serum total antioxidant capacity and total superoxide dismutase activity on d 14 (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Exp. 2 investigated the effects of IPA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in weaned piglets. The study consisted of 32 weaned piglets allocated into 4 groups, with 8 replicates per group and 1 piglet per replicate: a control group, a LPS challenge group, a LPS challenge group supplemented with 100 mg/kg IPA, and a group supplemented with 100 mg/kg IPA alone. Upon administration of LPS or saline injection, the results indicated that dietary IPA supplementation in challenged piglets enhanced villus height: crypt depth, modulated <i>IL-8</i> and <i>IL-</i>22 mRNA relative expression, and increased the tight junction protein claudin-1 mRNA relative expression in the intestinal mucosa (<i>P</i> < 0.05). These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of IPA at specific concentrations significantly improves growth performance, reduces diarrhea incidence, and mitigates inflammation and oxidative stress in weaned piglets. It may be concluded that incorporating IPA into the diet of weaned piglets can effectively improve their health and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":"19 ","pages":"240-247"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11617311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}