Alonso Ortega, Macarena Moraga-Hanglin, Daniela Oyarce-Rosales
{"title":"Standardization of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT-R) for the Chilean Elderly Population: A Multiple Regression Model Approach.","authors":"Alonso Ortega, Macarena Moraga-Hanglin, Daniela Oyarce-Rosales","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaf017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main goal of this study was to produce linear multiple regression-based normative data of the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised for the Chilean elderly population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 229 individuals aged 60-87 years (M = 71.75, SD = 6.64) of both sex (male N = 66, mean age = 72.09 SD = 6.87; female N = 163, mean age = 71.61 SD = 6.57) and educational level (N0-12 years = 68 [29.7%]; N13+ years = 161 [70,3%]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age, education, and sex were significantly associated with HVLT-R performance. These demographic variables accounted for 9.4% of the variance in HVLT-R total recall, 11.2% in HVLT-R delayed recall, 8.9% in HVLT-R delayed recognition discrimination index. This study also provides user-friendly percentile rank norms derived from the results of the regression models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The normative data are presented as regression-based procedures to obtain both direct and derived test scores considering age, education, and sex as predictor variables. This study complies with the guidelines proposed by the Chilean Ministry of Health in its National Plan for Dementias and those of the program for Explicit Health Guarantees by promoting the standardization of instruments that contribute to early diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders in the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quebec French Version of the Hayling Sentence Completion Test: Error Scoring Guidelines, Normative Data for Adults and the Elderly and Validation Study in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Joël Macoir, Véronick Lapierre, Marie-Michelle Brouillard, Phylicia Verreault, Mariane Landry, Carol Hudon","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaf014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Deficits in inhibition have been associated with various clinical conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. The Hayling Sentence Completion Test (HSCT) is an assessment tool commonly used in clinical settings to measure verbal initiation and prepotent verbal response inhibition. Although it is used by numerous clinical and research groups in Quebec, normative data for the HSCT are not yet available for French-Quebec speakers.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aims of this study were to provide error scoring guidelines and normative data in the adult population of French Quebec for the HSCT-QC (Study 1) and to determine its known-group discriminant validity (Study 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of Study 1, based on a sample of 214 healthy individuals aged 50 to 89, indicated that age significantly affected test performance, while educational level and sex did not. As no transformations were able to normalize the score distribution, percentile ranks for HSCT-QC performance were calculated solely based on age. Results from Study 2 demonstrated that the HSCT-QC effectively distinguishes the performance of healthy participants from those with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Norms and psychometric data for the HSCT-QC will be highly beneficial for assessing inhibitory control in French-speaking adults in Quebec, Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renelle Bourdage, Sanne Franzen, Juliette Palisson, Didier Maillet, Catherine Belin, Charlotte Joly, Janne Papma, Béatrice Garcin, Pauline Narme
{"title":"The TIE-93: a Facial Emotion Recognition Test Adapted for Culturally, Linguistically, and Educationally Diverse Alzheimer's Dementia Patients in France.","authors":"Renelle Bourdage, Sanne Franzen, Juliette Palisson, Didier Maillet, Catherine Belin, Charlotte Joly, Janne Papma, Béatrice Garcin, Pauline Narme","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaf012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Emotion recognition tests are essential for differential diagnostics when assessing patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. However, there remains a lack of emotion recognition tests appropriate for culturally and educationally diverse populations. The aim of this study was to develop an emotion recognition test (the TIE-93) appropriate for these populations. We then examined whether the TIE-93 could reduce emotion recognition performance differences between populations with a native French versus a culturally and educationally diverse background (participants who had immigrated to France). This was assessed by comparing performance between controls of each cultural group. We also assessed the effect of demographic variables on TIE-93 test performance and whether performance in an AD patient group was consistent with the research literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-seven patients with AD dementia and 240 healthy controls, from native French and culturally and educationally diverse backgrounds, were included in the study. The TIE-93 is composed of eight panels with photos of actors displaying six basic emotions. Participants were asked to identify which of the six facial expressions displayed matched an oral description of a context.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing French and culturally and educationally diverse controls, Quade's ANCOVA revealed that there remained an effect of culture and education on TIE-93 test performance. Nonetheless, while controlling for years of education, age, sex, and cultural group, patients with AD dementia scored significantly more poorly than controls, specifically for most negative emotions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TIE-93 represents a first step toward developing appropriate emotion recognition tests for culturally and educationally diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Remote Neuropsychological Testing as an Alternative to Traditional Methods-a Convergent Validity Study.","authors":"Emma Wärn, Linus Andersson, Nils Berginström","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaf013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Neuropsychological testing has traditionally been performed on site using standardized paper-pencil tests. Online platforms now offer the potential of conducting such testing at home but requires validation before widespread use. In this pilot study with healthy adults, we examine the convergent validity of the newly developed test battery Mindmore Remote.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty-two healthy participants were tested using both Mindmore Remote at home and traditional neuropsychological testing on site. The order of presentation was randomized. Associations between test performance on the two batteries were compared using Pearson and Spearman correlations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed significant correlations between all Mindmore Remote tests and traditional tests. Verbal tests showed stronger correlations (r = .71-.83) than non-verbal tests (r = .48-.71). Further, correlations were stronger for users who made responses using a computer mouse than for touchpad users.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mindmore Remote tests that rely on verbal in- and output were comparable to traditional face-to-face neuropsychological tests. However, although promising, further validation is needed for tests that require visuo-motor interaction. In comparison with similar studies, the results indicate that test modification, rather than remote administration, is accountable for weaker correlations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retainer Bias: Ethical and Practical Considerations for the Forensic Neuropsychologist.","authors":"Diana S Goldstein, Joel E Morgan","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acae104","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acae104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How is it that practicing forensic neuropsychologists occasionally see substandard work from other colleagues, or more fundamentally, have such disparate opinions on the same case? One answer might be that in every profession, competence varies. Another possibility has little to do with competence, but professional conduct. In this paper we discuss the process by which retainer bias may occur. Retainer bias is a form of confirmatory bias, i.e., in assessment, the tendency to seek, favor, and interpret data and make judgments and decisions that support a predetermined expectation or hypothesis, ignoring or dismissing data that challenge that hypothesis ( Nickerson, 1998). The tendency to interpret data in support of the retaining attorney's position of advocacy may be intentional - that is, within conscious awareness and explicit, or it may be unintentional, outside of one's awareness, representing implicit bias. While some practitioners accept referrals from both sides in litigation, numerous uncontrollable factors converge in such a manner that one's practice may nevertheless become associated with one side. Such imbalance is not a reliable index of bias. With brief hypothetical scenarios, in this paper we discuss contextual factors that increase risk for retainer bias and problematic practice approaches that may be used to support one side in litigation, violating ethical principles, codes of conduct and guidelines for engaging in forensic work. We also discuss debiasing techniques recommended within the empirical literature and call on the subspecialty field of forensic neuropsychology to conduct research into retainer bias and other sources of opinion variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"174-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cláudia Sousa, Márcia França, Teresa Jacques, Maria José Sá, Rui A Alves
{"title":"Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Phenotypes in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.","authors":"Cláudia Sousa, Márcia França, Teresa Jacques, Maria José Sá, Rui A Alves","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acaf004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaf004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study is to understand the evolution of cognitive phenotypes in a clinical cohort of adult patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) over time and to assess whether demographic and clinical features of MS have any effect on the progression of cognitive decline in MS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred twenty-five patients with RRMS underwent annually neuropsychological assessment along 3 to 5 consecutive years with the brief repeatable battery of neuropsychological tests (BRBN-T) and the brief international cognitive multiple sclerosis (BICAMS). The international classification of cognitive disorders in multiple sclerosis (IC-CoDiMS) was used to define the cognitive phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our cohort the mean age was 41.81 years and 88 patients (70.4%) were female. The prevalence of cognitive impairment decreased over the 3-year assessments, both in BRBN-T (29.6% vs. 25.0% vs. 18.5%) and BICAMS (33.6% vs. 30.4% vs. 19.2%). Longitudinal differences were observed for all the applied tests, except for verbal fluency, with the results pointing to an improvement in performance over time. At the first and the 3rd assessment, we observed four cognitive phenotypes: intact, uni-domain, bi-domain, and multidomain. At the 4th and 5th assessments, no patients presented multi-domain impairments. MS patients with optic neuritis (ON) as onset syndrome, showed the highest percentage of cognitive impairment on both BRBN-T and BICAMS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study corroborates the importance of knowing the evolution of cognitive performance over time to better determine the best cognitive intervention programs in order to prevent cognitive decline and promote quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Critical Review of Recently Published Studies Claiming Long-Term Neurocognitive Abnormalities in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Kyle B Boone, Ryan P Vane, Tara L Victor","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acae079","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acae079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common claimed personal injury condition for which neuropsychologists are retained as forensic experts in litigation. Therefore, it is critical that experts have accurate information when testifying as to neurocognitive outcome from concussion. Systematic reviews and six meta-analyses from 1997 to 2011 regarding objective neurocognitive outcome from mTBI provide no evidence that concussed individuals do not return to baseline by weeks to months post-injury. In the current manuscript, a critical review was conducted of 21 research studies published since the last meta-analysis in 2011 that have claimed to demonstrate long-term (i.e., ≥12 months post-injury) neurocognitive abnormalities in adults with mTBI. Using seven proposed methodological criteria for research investigating neurocognitive outcome from mTBI, no studies were found to be scientifically adequate. In particular, more than 50% of the 21 studies reporting cognitive dysfunction did not appropriately diagnose mTBI, employ prospective research designs, use standard neuropsychological tests, include appropriate control groups, provide information on motive to feign or use PVTs, or exclude, or adequately consider the impact of, comorbid conditions known to impact neurocognitive scores. We additionally analyzed 15 studies published during the same period that documented no longer term mTBI-related cognitive abnormalities, and demonstrate that they were generally more methodologically robust than the studies purporting to document cognitive dysfunction. The original meta-analytic conclusions remain the most empirically-sound evidence informing our current understanding of favorable outcomes following mTBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"272-288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaci F Holmes, Megan R Whitman, Roger O Gervais, Yossef S Ben-Porath
{"title":"Do MMPI-3 Validity Scale Findings Generalize to Concurrently Administered Measures? Validation with a Forensic Disability Sample.","authors":"Kaci F Holmes, Megan R Whitman, Roger O Gervais, Yossef S Ben-Porath","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acae093","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acae093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research has demonstrated that over-reporting and under-reporting, when detected by the MMPI-2/-RF Validity Scales, generalize to responses to other self-report measures. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the same is true for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) Validity Scales. We examined the generalizability of over-reporting and under-reporting detected by MMPI-3 Validity Scales to extra-test self-report, performance-based, and performance validity measures.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample included 665 majority White, male disability claimants who, in addition to the MMPI-3, were administered several self-report measures, some with embedded symptom validity tests (SVTs), performance-based measures, and performance validity tests (PVTs). Three groups were identified based on MMPI-3 Validity Scale scores as over-reporting (n = 276), under-reporting (n = 100), or scoring within normal limits (WNL; n = 289).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over-reporting on the MMPI-3 generalized to symptom over-reporting on concurrently administered self-report measures of psychopathology and was associated with evidence of over-reporting from other embedded SVTs. It was also associated with poorer performance on concurrently administered measures of cognitive functioning and PVTs. Under-reporting on the MMPI-3 generalized to symptom minimization on collateral measures of psychopathology. On measures of cognitive functioning, we found no differences between the under-reporting and WNL groups, except for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64 Card Version and Wide Range Achievement Test-Fifth Edition (each with negligible effect sizes).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MMPI-3 Validity Scales can identify possible over- and under-reporting on concurrently administered measures. This can be of particular value when such measures lack validity indicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"224-244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Forensic Neuropsychology Goes from Nowhere to Almost Everywhere: Lessons Learned During Decades of Practice.","authors":"Jerry J Sweet","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acae105","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acae105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide a narrative overview of the development of forensic neuropsychology (FN) in the last 40-plus years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Personal history description, highlighted by key data-based publications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anecdotal and relevant data-based findings converge to present a perspective of a wealth of FN resources currently available to the well-documented growing numbers of practitioners.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The de facto subspecialty of FN is now a visible and prominent part of the landscape of clinical neuropsychology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"162-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Systematic Review to Explore a Neuropsychological Profile that Predates Anorexia Nervosa.","authors":"Rachel Noon, Tayeem Pathan","doi":"10.1093/arclin/acae072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/arclin/acae072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research demonstrates reduced cognitive flexibility and weak central coherence during acute illness and following recovery from anorexia nervosa (AN). This systematic review investigated if these impairments are present in first-degree relatives of individuals with AN, representing a possible neuropsychological risk profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of electronic databases was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search ended on July 14, 2023. Established search terms and inclusion criteria identified relevant research. Risk of bias was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program. The review was registered with Prospero international prospective register of systematic reviews (No. CRD42023401268). Study selection, descriptive data, critical appraisal, and risk of bias are presented in tables and figures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 10 studies. The included studies conducted neuropsychological assessments of discordant AN relatives and lifetime longitudinal study participants. Most studies found cognitive flexibility and central coherence to be significantly reduced in participants with AN and their relatives compared with controls. One study found decision making to be significantly impaired in AN participants and relatives. Effect sizes were moderate to large.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Reduced cognitive flexibility and weak central coherence appear to be endophenotypes of AN. Further research is required with relatives concordant for AN to establish whether these biomarkers co-segregate with AN within families. These findings suggest a possibility of developing screeners to identify individuals at risk of AN allowing for early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":8176,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"330-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142144904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}