Indiana magazine of history最新文献

{"title":"The Good Country: A History of the American Midwest, 1800–1900 by Jon K. Lauck (review)","authors":"Nicole Etcheson","doi":"10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: The Good Country: A History of the American Midwest, 1800–1900 by Jon K. Lauck Nicole Etcheson The Good Country: A History of the American Midwest, 1800–1900 By Jon K. Lauck (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2022. Pp. xi, 350. Notes, index. Clothbound, $65.00; paperbound, $26.95.) The Good Country reminds this reader of Howard Zinn’s A People’s History of the United States (1980). Former Indiana governor Mitch Daniels expressed the opinion that Zinn’s work should be banned from Indiana public universities, which led many Hoosiers to read it. (See Scott Jaschik, “The Governor’s Bad List,” Inside Higher Education, July 16, 2013). One described it as an unrelieved account of oppression and exploitation. The Good Country is an almost unrelieved account of the superiority of midwestern democracy and civic life. Lauck frankly states that professional historians are “too focused on American faults and not sufficiently attentive to what would have been considered great achievements,” including religious and political freedom, civil rights, and an egalitarian economic and social system (p. 4). Lauck’s interpretation harks back to mid-twentieth-century historians of the Midwest influenced by Frederick Jackson Turner. John Barnhart’s Valley of Democracy (1953) presented a frontier where settlers resisted anti-democratic eastern institutions. Certainly, the Midwest and East did better than the South with its oligarchical political system and systematic disfranchisement of emancipated African Americans. The Midwest was an agricultural region—a statement true of the rest of the United States in the nineteenth century—populated by small farmers. This contrasts with the South’s antebellum enslaved labor force and its post-Civil War slide into sharecrop-ping and tenancy. But land-owning [End Page 290] was precarious even in parts of the Midwest, which explains the appeal of the Populist Party to farmers on the Great Plains. As the above analysis indicates, historians will probably quibble with some of Lauck’s assertions: what were the actual rates of farm tenancy and economic equality? Do powerful anti-Catholic sentiments contradict assertions of religious freedom? Given the important recent work about slavery’s capitalist nature, can the Midwest be considered uniquely entrepreneurial? Was the women’s culture of the Midwest truly distinctive from that of other regions? Lauck is less a Turnerian than a Whig historian. He acknowledges the painful treatment of African and Native Americans, but emphasizes progress. A treaty with the Wyandot “involved negotiation and consideration on both sides . . . but the pain of removal was real” (p. 79). Lauck concedes that we now view efforts to assimilate Native Americans “with sadness and regret,” but he obscures the dishonesty and cruelty of removal (p. 80). Father Benjamin Marie Petit, ministering to the northern Indiana Potawatomi, marveled at the government’s duplicity in violating its own treaty. Petit a","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degrees of Equality: Abolitionist Colleges and the Politics of Race by John Frederick Bell (review)","authors":"Michael E. Jirik","doi":"10.2979/imh.2023.a905292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/imh.2023.a905292","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Degrees of Equality: Abolitionist Colleges and the Politics of Race by John Frederick Bell Michael E. Jirik Degrees of Equality: Abolitionist Colleges and the Politics of Race By John Frederick Bell (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2022. Pp. ix, 298. Notes, bibliography, index. $45.00.) In 1864, Fanny Jackson, a Black student at Oberlin College, penned an editorial responding to debates on campus over hiring Black tutors. While faculty preached against prejudice at Oberlin, it surely existed “in some of the students,” she observed. The college was “not the pool of Bethesda for the sin of prejudice” Jackson reasoned, and yet it was a space in which racial equality might be lived and practiced (p. 98). Jackson’s observations form the core of John Frederick Bell’s argument in Degrees of Equality, a critical appraisal of “abolitionist colleges” and social equality among students—Black and white, women and men—on their campuses. “Then as now,” Bell argues, “there was an important difference between African Americans being equally admitted as students and being equally accepted as people,” even at colleges founded on ideals of racial equality (p. 8). Examining the social and cultural histories of Oberlin, New York Central, and Berea Colleges respectively, he asserts that “there was a disconnect between equal rights for all races and complete social equality between them” (p. 9). He traces the racial politics at these institutions from the antebellum period to the late nineteenth century, by which time the experiments in racial coeducation had disintegrated on these campuses, as they became de facto spaces of racist segregation. Significantly, he ultimately shows that it was often Black and white students who lived out the ideals their institutions promoted while the institutions themselves often fell far short of manifesting the fullest extent of the meaning of abolition. Throughout the book’s six chapters, Bell demonstrates the significant tensions over institutional ideals of equal admission and the realization of social equality among students on the three campuses. White faculty, college officers, and some white students often denounced interracial relationships among the students, especially romantic partnerships. A former white student at Oberlin, in 1837, wrote an exposé that critiqued displays of social equality among Black and white students. At New York Central, meanwhile, William Allen, a Black professor, was run out of town for his courtship of Mary King, a white student. Allen received little support from the college’s leaders, and the controversy over interracial dating at Berea in 1872–1873 exposed the institution’s limitations for students realizing interracial solidarity. The students practiced what they preached, carrying the abolitionist transformations they fought for to their logical conclusions. Conversely, college authorities often feared white reprisals against the students’ egalitarianism, whether it","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The “Gigantic Swindle” of 1869–1872: Lessons Learned in Legislating the Draining of the Great Kankakee Marsh","authors":"Michael Dobberstein","doi":"10.2979/imh.2023.a905287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/imh.2023.a905287","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Between 1869 and 1923, the government of Indiana sponsored the draining of the Great Kankakee Marsh and the straightening of the Kankakee River in northern Indiana. Reclaiming the vast marsh posed significant problems and required special legislation. In 1869, the legislature granted sweeping powers to a private corporation to drain the marsh. The company formed under this law, and the law itself, encountered bitter opposition from landowners, and created a storm of protest in the press, which attacked the company as a “gigantic swindle.” Public protests and attacks in the press forced the company to dissolve, and the legislature repealed the law. This article explores the brief unhappy life of the Kankakee Valley Draining Company; the reasons for the uprising against it; and the ways in which the General Assembly devised new legislation, and a more inclusive consensus, which would allow it eventually to accomplish its goal of replacing the Great Marsh with new farmland.","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A House for the Struggle: The Black Press and the Built Environment in Chicago by E. James West (review)","authors":"Richard A. Courage","doi":"10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: A House for the Struggle: The Black Press and the Built Environment in Chicago by E. James West Richard A. Courage A House for the Struggle: The Black Press and the Built Environment in Chicago By E. James West (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2022. Pp. xi, 282. Illustrations, notes, bibliography, index. Clothbound, $110.00; paperbound, $24.95.) The history of Chicago’s Black press has been partially explored by scholars like Christopher Reed, Ethan Michaeli, and Gerald Horne, but E. James West illuminates its epic scope and significance through his book’s expansive time frame and its intertwining of accounts of individual media institutions—their leaders, milestone events, editorial policies, and ideological commitments—with [End Page 295] analyses of the geographical places and physical spaces within which Black newspapers and magazines grew and competed. West’s narrative extends from 1905 to the mid-1970s—from the year Robert Sengstacke Abbott founded the weekly Chicago Defender newspaper to the heyday of John H. Johnson’s media empire and its magazines Ebony, Jet, and Black World. This frames the subject against a backdrop of momentous events that these publications chronicled, influenced, and were in turn shaped by: the Great Migration, the emergence of a racially homogenous Black Metropolis on the South Side, the Black Chicago Renaissance, and the Black Power Movement. The intersection of spatial and temporal axes is signaled by two maps immediately preceding the introduction. One shows the locations of eight buildings that at different times housed offices of the focal enterprises: the Defender and Johnson Publishing Company. The second map expands the scope by showing the addresses of twelve other Black media enterprises (including the Associated Negro Press, Chicago Bee, and Chicago Whip), which collectively demarked what West calls “Chicago’s Black Newspaper Row.” Later, West writes that “the spaces inhabited by Black media concerns . . . came to embody the highly contingent and heavily contested relationships between Black literary and cultural production, business development, civil rights, and urban politics“ (p. 5). The focus on the built environment is fresh and provocative, creating openings for West to spotlight such relatively unfamiliar figures as Henrietta Lee and John Moutoussamy. Lee rented Abbott the single room where he slept and produced early issues of the Defender on a borrowed folding table. She typically figures in accounts of the newspaper’s origins as a benevolent maternal presence hovering vaguely in the background of Abbott’s self-making struggles. West amasses sufficient detail for a more rounded account of an independent woman with multiple institutional and community affiliations—a civic leader whose influence one could read between the lines of the newspaper she sustained for over fifteen years. If Lee is associated with the Defender’s tenuous early years, Moutoussamy is associated with John","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Louise Wylie Boisen: Representing the Female Voice in Horticulture at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition","authors":"Heather Kuzma","doi":"10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: In 1893, the world turned its attention to Chicago, Illinois, host of the World’s Columbian Exposition. A woman from Bloomington, Indiana, Louise Wylie Boisen, was the first female judge appointed to the exposition’s jury as a judge for horticulture. Although an amateur, Louise’s lifelong passion for plants made her a prominent figure in the local and state horticulture community, leading to her foray into horticulture on the national level at the World’s Columbian Exposition.","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Sustainable Worlds: Latinx Placemaking in the Midwest ed. by Theresa Delgadillo (review)","authors":"Teresa Irene Gonzales","doi":"10.2979/imh.2023.a905295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/imh.2023.a905295","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Building Sustainable Worlds: Latinx Placemaking in the Midwest ed. by Theresa Delgadillo Teresa Irene Gonzales Building Sustainable Worlds: Latinx Placemaking in the Midwest Edited by Theresa Delgadillo, Ramón H. Rivera-Servera, Geraldo L. Cadava, and Claire F. Fox (Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2022. Pp. vii, 328. Clothbound, $125.00; paperbound, $28.00.) Building Sustainable Worlds provides a thought-provoking collection of the various ways that Latina/o/x populations engage in placemaking practices across the Midwest. Moving away from a social-scientific or built-environment lens, the authors in this edited volume adeptly reimagine placemaking practices by centering distinct forms of expressive cultures, from literature to performance, collective action, and leisure. Divided into three parts, the first examines how Latinas/os/xs both craft and reimagine their localities in time and space. The second, a series of narratives by Latina/o/x activists and practitioners, highlights how Latinas/os/xs have created spaces of fellowship and celebration. Finally, the third section discusses placemaking in developing fellowship and movement across racial and ethnic divides. What is evident throughout the volume is that solidarity building, playfulness, and creating what Polakit and Schomberg’s Diálogos: Placemaking in Latino Communities (2012) refers to as “homemaking” are central to Latina/o/x placemaking. Alongside an excavation of the long histories of Latinas/os/xs across the [End Page 297] Midwest, the expansive volume provides an analysis of cultural works and representations, such as zines, short stories, festivals, dance performances, drag shows, and podcasts. The geographic scope is impressive: while several of the chapters focus on Chicago, we are also introduced to practices and histories in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Hampton, Iowa; East Chicago, Indiana; across Ohio; and on college campuses in Illinois and Wisconsin. In its focus on the Midwest, Building Sustainable Worlds expands theories of placemaking and provides an important intervention into Latina/o/x Studies. A minor critique: the title is misleading. In an era of heightened awareness regarding our natural environments, the terms sustainable and sustainability evoke images of a world in environmental crisis. Some of the authors highlight the linkages between climate change and forced migration. However, for the most part, the volume focuses on building worlds that sustain Latina/o/x cultures. With this focus in mind, the collected essays echo arguments made by social scientists, such as Michael Rios, Paolo Boccagni, Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo, and Juan Herrera, to name a few. The authors in this volume, however, challenge us to expand ideas about the interlink-ages between culture and placemaking by considering cultural productions, ephemeral practices, and testimonios. Given the draw of labor in manufacturing, railways, and els","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community by Huping Ling (review)","authors":"Donna Doan Anderson","doi":"10.2979/imh.2023.a905293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/imh.2023.a905293","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community by Huping Ling Donna Doan Anderson Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community By Huping Ling (New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 2022. Pp. ix, 246. Notes, bibliography, index. Clothbound, $120.00; paperbound, $39.95.) Huping Ling’s Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community presents a detailed history of Chinese communities in Chicago and St. Louis dating from the late nineteenth to the twentieth century. Expanding on the materials and frameworks from her first two books, Chinese St. Louis (2004) and Chinese Chicago (2012), Chinese Americans in the Heartland illustrates Ling’s truly impressive research capacity. Spanning three decades of both English and Chinese language sources that range from newspapers, census data, and city directories to oral histories of local residents conducted by her and her students, Ling presents a comprehensive engagement with “immigration and work, family and community, and the structural construction and reconstruction of” midwestern Chinese American communities (p. 7). Driving the analysis is the question: why would Chinese migrants end up in the heartland when well-established enclaves already existed on the West Coast? Broadly, Ling argues that the answer lies in a lack of development in the heartland. She does not view this adversely, noting that Chinese Americans saw plenty of opportunity in the affordable cost of living and lower crime rate. They also found attractive the social flexibility of places that did not have the legal restrictions often found on the coasts. Nonetheless, Ling demonstrates how, despite perceived geographic isolation from larger ethnic enclaves or developmental deficiencies, Chinese Americans in the heartland remained connected through their social and economic networks—regionally, nationally, and globally. She argues that convergences in ethnic business organization and cultural practices demonstrate the linkages to coastal communities, while divergences were intentionally undertaken to fit the region’s attributes and the demands of midwestern Chinese American communities. These points are proven in the book’s three parts. The first, titled “Transnational Migration and Work,” examines the closely linked transnational networks and their responsibility in building and supporting midwestern Chinese American communities from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries. The second, titled “Marriage, Family, and Community Organizations,” examines the impacts of these developments on families, marriage, and gendered entanglements. Here she makes her most notable contribution by arguing against common myths associated with Chinese American ethnic enclaves or social practices, stating that these attitudes are actually products of and responses to restrictive American [End Page 294] immigration policies. The third section, titled “New Community Structure","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Good Country: A History of the American Midwest, 1800–1900 by Jon K. Lauck (review)","authors":"Nicole Etcheson","doi":"10.2979/imh.2023.a905291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/imh.2023.a905291","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: The Good Country: A History of the American Midwest, 1800–1900 by Jon K. Lauck Nicole Etcheson The Good Country: A History of the American Midwest, 1800–1900 By Jon K. Lauck (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2022. Pp. xi, 350. Notes, index. Clothbound, $65.00; paperbound, $26.95.) The Good Country reminds this reader of Howard Zinn’s A People’s History of the United States (1980). Former Indiana governor Mitch Daniels expressed the opinion that Zinn’s work should be banned from Indiana public universities, which led many Hoosiers to read it. (See Scott Jaschik, “The Governor’s Bad List,” Inside Higher Education, July 16, 2013). One described it as an unrelieved account of oppression and exploitation. The Good Country is an almost unrelieved account of the superiority of midwestern democracy and civic life. Lauck frankly states that professional historians are “too focused on American faults and not sufficiently attentive to what would have been considered great achievements,” including religious and political freedom, civil rights, and an egalitarian economic and social system (p. 4). Lauck’s interpretation harks back to mid-twentieth-century historians of the Midwest influenced by Frederick Jackson Turner. John Barnhart’s Valley of Democracy (1953) presented a frontier where settlers resisted anti-democratic eastern institutions. Certainly, the Midwest and East did better than the South with its oligarchical political system and systematic disfranchisement of emancipated African Americans. The Midwest was an agricultural region—a statement true of the rest of the United States in the nineteenth century—populated by small farmers. This contrasts with the South’s antebellum enslaved labor force and its post-Civil War slide into sharecrop-ping and tenancy. But land-owning [End Page 290] was precarious even in parts of the Midwest, which explains the appeal of the Populist Party to farmers on the Great Plains. As the above analysis indicates, historians will probably quibble with some of Lauck’s assertions: what were the actual rates of farm tenancy and economic equality? Do powerful anti-Catholic sentiments contradict assertions of religious freedom? Given the important recent work about slavery’s capitalist nature, can the Midwest be considered uniquely entrepreneurial? Was the women’s culture of the Midwest truly distinctive from that of other regions? Lauck is less a Turnerian than a Whig historian. He acknowledges the painful treatment of African and Native Americans, but emphasizes progress. A treaty with the Wyandot “involved negotiation and consideration on both sides . . . but the pain of removal was real” (p. 79). Lauck concedes that we now view efforts to assimilate Native Americans “with sadness and regret,” but he obscures the dishonesty and cruelty of removal (p. 80). Father Benjamin Marie Petit, ministering to the northern Indiana Potawatomi, marveled at the government’s duplicity in violating its own treaty. Petit a","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dancing for Our Tribe: Potawatomi Tradition in the New Millennium by Sharon Hoogstraten (review)","authors":"John N. Low","doi":"10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Dancing for Our Tribe: Potawatomi Tradition in the New Millennium by Sharon Hoogstraten John N. Low Dancing for Our Tribe: Potawatomi Tradition in the New Millennium By Sharon Hoogstraten (Chicago: Shikaakwa Press, 2022. Pp. iv, 284. Illustrations, notes, bibliography, index. $80.00.) Although many characterize powwows as originating in the nineteenth century, there is little doubt that Native Americans have always and often gathered together to dance and sing. Dancing for Our Tribe: Potawatomi Tradition in the New Millennium is an important contribution to documenting the traditions and innovations in dance regalia we associate with powwows today. The author is an enrolled citizen of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation of Oklahoma. Having been born in Michigan and having lived a large part of her life in Chicago, she nonetheless has maintained strong connections with her tribal nation. Within this book, Hoogstraten documents the incredible array of regalia maintained by the nine Potawatomi nations in the United States. While doing so, she also collects the individual stories of the dancers, their families and communities, and the knowledge that goes into making their regalia. I am perhaps a distant cousin of the author, being myself a citizen of the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi. When I first saw this book, I was unsure of what to expect because of the numerous photographs and large format. But this is much more than a coffee-table book. While the author eschews the label of artist and prefers storyteller, I think she is both and more. The powwow regalia beautifully reflect the artistry of the Potawatomi peoples across North America. Her photography is also beautiful, delightful, comforting, and moving. She shares her expertise in photography, which is her profession, and also shares her own ability to listen, inquire, and collect. These skills let her assemble material culture into a work that is about so much more than just regalia, powwows, tradition, innovation, expertise, and experience. It is a remarkable book that allows the reader to gain understanding about individual Potawatomi across North America. We learn who they are; why and how they do what they do; what being Potawatomi and Indigenous means to them; their connections to tradition, family, and mentors, while also expressing their creativity. Unlike Edward Curtis’s sepia-toned photography of Indians, these photographs do not depict anonymous people for the tourist gaze. Hoogstraten carefully identifies each person we “meet” through her book, which is filled with the stories of those she photographs. The regalia is lovely, but I expected that. The photography is rich in color, depth, and light. But what inspired me the most is that the subjects are not just what they are wearing—they are also vibrant human beings. They are happy, joyous, and [End Page 299] proud. The author obviously embarked on this project with a passion. That passion becomes a love story within the covers of","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community by Huping Ling (review)","authors":"Donna Doan Anderson","doi":"10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/indimagahist.119.3.07","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewed by: Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community by Huping Ling Donna Doan Anderson Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community By Huping Ling (New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 2022. Pp. ix, 246. Notes, bibliography, index. Clothbound, $120.00; paperbound, $39.95.) Huping Ling’s Chinese Americans in the Heartland: Migration, Work, and Community presents a detailed history of Chinese communities in Chicago and St. Louis dating from the late nineteenth to the twentieth century. Expanding on the materials and frameworks from her first two books, Chinese St. Louis (2004) and Chinese Chicago (2012), Chinese Americans in the Heartland illustrates Ling’s truly impressive research capacity. Spanning three decades of both English and Chinese language sources that range from newspapers, census data, and city directories to oral histories of local residents conducted by her and her students, Ling presents a comprehensive engagement with “immigration and work, family and community, and the structural construction and reconstruction of” midwestern Chinese American communities (p. 7). Driving the analysis is the question: why would Chinese migrants end up in the heartland when well-established enclaves already existed on the West Coast? Broadly, Ling argues that the answer lies in a lack of development in the heartland. She does not view this adversely, noting that Chinese Americans saw plenty of opportunity in the affordable cost of living and lower crime rate. They also found attractive the social flexibility of places that did not have the legal restrictions often found on the coasts. Nonetheless, Ling demonstrates how, despite perceived geographic isolation from larger ethnic enclaves or developmental deficiencies, Chinese Americans in the heartland remained connected through their social and economic networks—regionally, nationally, and globally. She argues that convergences in ethnic business organization and cultural practices demonstrate the linkages to coastal communities, while divergences were intentionally undertaken to fit the region’s attributes and the demands of midwestern Chinese American communities. These points are proven in the book’s three parts. The first, titled “Transnational Migration and Work,” examines the closely linked transnational networks and their responsibility in building and supporting midwestern Chinese American communities from the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries. The second, titled “Marriage, Family, and Community Organizations,” examines the impacts of these developments on families, marriage, and gendered entanglements. Here she makes her most notable contribution by arguing against common myths associated with Chinese American ethnic enclaves or social practices, stating that these attitudes are actually products of and responses to restrictive American [End Page 294] immigration policies. The third section, titled “New Community Structure","PeriodicalId":81518,"journal":{"name":"Indiana magazine of history","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135688496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}