Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Large variability of soil microbial diversity and functions in an over 20-year old Eucalyptus grandis plantation","authors":"Margot Brondani ,&nbsp;Agnès Robin ,&nbsp;Julie Marchal ,&nbsp;Anne-Laure Pablo ,&nbsp;Aline Personne ,&nbsp;Erick Desmarais ,&nbsp;Frédérique Cerqueira ,&nbsp;Frédéric Mahé ,&nbsp;Florine Degrune ,&nbsp;Joannès Guillemot ,&nbsp;Pedro H.S. Brancalion ,&nbsp;Nathalie Fromin","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spatial heterogeneity in soil properties as well as in molecular and catabolic diversities of the soil microbial community were investigated by soil analyses, Illumina MiSeq sequencing and MicroResp™ profiling, respectively, in 51 plots of a 20 year-old eucalyptus plantation in south Brazil. The relationships between these parameters were assessed to test whether small scale variation in soil properties and understory vegetation generated heterogeneity in the soil microbial community. The spatial variability of soil microbial community and functioning was shown to be substantial. A greenness index, used as a proxy of the density of the understory biomass, explained very little of the soil microbial parameters. Variability in soil properties (mainly C availability, pH) partly explained shifts in molecular and catabolic parameters of the soil microbial community. Bacterial (and, to a lower extent, fungal) molecular parameters were the main factors explaining the catabolic capabilities of the soil microbial community. But overall, the sequencing data was of little use in explaining C processes in these soils, underlying the difficulty in predicting the contribution of large tree-plantations to the global C cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry reveals the exacerbation of microbial C and N limitations by moss crusts in degraded karst ecosystems","authors":"Minghao Deng ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Dong Chen ,&nbsp;Guanting Guo ,&nbsp;Mingzhong Long ,&nbsp;Qimei Wu ,&nbsp;Run Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaona Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil microorganisms are susceptible to changes in soil environments, particularly nutrient deficiencies, and respond to nutrient limitations by adjusting the production of extracellular enzymes. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) serve as a medium for surface soil microorganisms and nutrient cycling, significantly affecting soil and microbial characteristics. However, research on the effect of BSCs on soil microbial nutrient limitations is scarce in degraded karst ecosystems. This study focused on moss crusts in four karst ecosystems with varying degrees of degradation, using bare soil as a control. We collected and measured the physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of surface soil, quantified microbial nutrient limitations, and explored significant factors affecting these limitations. Results showed that microbial carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) limitations were prevalent in degraded karst ecosystems (vector length, VL &gt; 0.61, vector angle, VA &lt; 55°), with C limitation intensifying as degradation degrees increased, while N limitation showed a unimodal trend. The presence of moss crusts increased C- (β-1,4-glucosidase, BG) and N- (β-1,4-<em>N</em>-acetyl-glucosaminidase, NAG, leucine aminopeptidase, LAP) acquiring enzyme activities, and overall exacerbating microbial C and N limitations (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Available potassium (AK), soil organic carbon (SOC), pH, and total nitrogen (TN) were the most influential factors in microbial nutrient limitations (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). This study enhances our understanding of soil nutrient conditions, microbial characteristics, and the ecological functions of moss crusts in degraded karst ecosystems, improving knowledge of biogeochemical cycles of nutrients in plant-soil-microbe systems and offering new insights into deeper studies of soil microbial nutrient limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farming practices affect soil's suppressiveness towards phytopathogens","authors":"Priya Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Annapurna Bhattacharjee ,&nbsp;Yashbir S. Shivay ,&nbsp;Ram C. Dalal ,&nbsp;Shilpi Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106012","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Organic farming enhances soil health by beneficially modulating the structure and function of rhizospheric microbiome. While organic farms are known to exhibit suppression against specific plant diseases, the phenomenon of “general disease suppressiveness” is relatively less studied. The systemic interactions between abiotic and biotic factors in organically managed fields, rendering soils suppressive against various phytopathogens, have been less studied. The present study aimed to characterize soils from three farmers' fields in North-Western Himalayan region of India, for their pathogen suppression potential, and understanding the relationship between edaphic factors and biological control against a range of phytopathogens. Culture-dependent assays revealed that organically managed fields exhibited better suppressiveness compared to conventional fields, against the tested phytopathogens. The fungal fraction of the soil microbiome showed significant suppression of &lt;em&gt;Ralstonia solanacearum&lt;/em&gt; in apple (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02) and chili (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.003) fields. Similarly, the fungal fraction of soils showed significant suppression (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;&lt;/em&gt; 0.05) of &lt;em&gt;Fusarium solani&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Sclerotium rolfsii&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Verticillium dahliae&lt;/em&gt; in apple and tomato fields. The soil microbiome's bacterial fraction showed significant (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) suppression of &lt;em&gt;Fusarium fujikuroi&lt;/em&gt;. Activities of enzymes related to biocontrol, viz. lipase, chitinase, protease and cellulase, and siderophore production were higher in soil from the organic fields than in the conventionally managed fields (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;&lt;/em&gt; 0.05). Soil cellulase activity was found to be the lowest among all biocontrol activities in organic apple field soil (0.22 IU/mL) compared to the control soil (0.04 IU/mL). Significantly high siderophore production was detected in the organic soils (93.13 ± 0.32 % siderophore units), and the adjacent soils under natural vegetation (control) (92.81 ± 0.45 % siderophore units), versus conventional soils (89.90 ± 0.79 % siderophore units) from the apple, chili, and tomato fields. Available micronutrients Cu, Fe, and Mn were negatively associated with pathogen suppression. Available Cu was negatively associated with &lt;em&gt;Rhizoctonia solani&lt;/em&gt; suppression in apple fields (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; = −0.99, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02) and &lt;em&gt;Fusarium udum&lt;/em&gt; in tomato/chili fields (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; = −0.91, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02). From PCA analysis, it was observed that the soil micronutrient availability was a dominant attribute affected by conventional farming practices. The role of mineral nutrients and other biocontrol parameters, such as enzymes and molecular markers, was demonstrated in pathogen suppression in the rhizosphere under different farming practices, emphasizing on the significance of biotic and abiotic factors for the sustainable management of soil-borne pathogens. Adopting sustainable practices and nutrient management will","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting roles of abundant and rare root-associated fungi in wheat: Community assembly, heritability and agronomic impacts","authors":"Xia Kang ,&nbsp;Yuyin Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhihan Feng ,&nbsp;Minjie Yao ,&nbsp;Xiangzhen Li ,&nbsp;Dejun Han ,&nbsp;Qingdong Zeng ,&nbsp;Hao Tan ,&nbsp;Yumin Yang ,&nbsp;Jiabao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root-associated fungal communities of wheat have a great impact on plant health, crop productivity and quality. However, little is known about the relationships among wheat varieties, fungal communities, and wheat productivity. In this study, we analyzed fungal communities in the endosphere and rhizosphere across 95 wheat varieties during two important wheat growth stages, i.e., the regreening stage and the heading stage. The results showed that abundant and core subcommunities played a prominent role in shaping the overall fungal community composition and structure. Stochastic processes including undominated process and dispersal limitation were the main assembly mechanisms in both endosphere and rhizosphere. Rhizosphere fungi at the regreening stage contained the most low-abundance keystone taxa, which contributed to maintaining community stability and functionality. Wheat quality and yield were positively affected by rare taxa in the rhizosphere at the regreening stage. Wheat yield showed significant positive correlations with keystone taxa and Glomeromycota at the heading stage. Abundant and core taxa exhibited higher heritability than rare and non-core taxa. In the rhizosphere, abundant subcommunity was enriched with taxa of low/moderate heritability at regreening stage, while rare subcommunity recruited taxa with higher heritability at heading stage. While abundant and core taxa strongly influenced overall community structure and composition, the importance of less abundant rhizosphere species should be emphasized for the keystone status, the relationships with wheat quality/yield, and the higher heritability. This study enhances our understanding of wheat-fungal interactions and their implications for sustainable agriculture, guiding wheat breeding and management practices to improve productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree species influence microbiome-mediated nutrient sequestration in soil aggregates of subtropical plantations in China","authors":"Yunxing Bai ,&nbsp;Yunchao Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Du ,&nbsp;Xunyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Feng ,&nbsp;Jirong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mixed planting of tree species regulates nutrient and carbon cycling in forest ecosystems by shaping soil microbial communities. However, the mechanisms by which tree species identity regulates microorganism-driven nutrient cycling within soil aggregates remain elusive. This study investigated how tree species identity shapes soil aggregate microorganisms and functions related to nutrient cycling in five mixed plantations, established by introducing broadleaved trees (<em>Camellia oleifera</em> Abel, <em>Manglietia chingii</em> Dandy, <em>Cercidiphyllum japonicum</em> Sieb. et Zucc., <em>Michelia maudiae</em> Dunn, and <em>Bretschneidera sinensis</em> Hemsl.) into subtropical coniferous monocultures (<em>Pinus massoniana</em> Lamb.) after thinning. We found that mixing tree species induced shifts in microbial communities, particularly within &lt;2 mm aggregates, where diversity increased compared to monocultures. This was primarily driven by the heterogeneous nutritional resources and microenvironments created by mixed plantations. Notably, the abundance of Actinobacteria and Basidiomycota increased, indicating a transition towards nutrient-rich microenvironments and enhanced organic matter degradation. While mixed plantations fortified fungal network stability, the impact on bacterial networks varied with tree species characteristics, suggesting fungi are more responsive to nutrient differences caused by tree diversity. Furthermore, litter quality (carbon and nitrogen concentration), enzyme activities [(l-leucine aminopeptidase + β-1,4-<em>N</em>-acetylglucoaminosidase)/acid phosphatase], and bacterial Shannon index emerged as key drivers of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulation in aggregates. Therefore, our findings underscore that tree species identities influence the interactions between microorganisms and nutrients within aggregates, enhancing nutrient retention and contributing to soil ecosystem multifunctionality and stability. Thus, optimizing tree species composition in plantations can enhance soil fertility and support adaptive forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106034"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No short-term response of microbial or isopod-driven litter decomposition to microplastics","authors":"Maria-Viktoria Kyoseva ,&nbsp;François-Xavier Joly","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic pollution is a growing threat to soils, but its effects on plant litter decomposition remains poorly understood. Particularly, it is unclear how the contribution of soil microorganisms and detritivores to litter decomposition is affected by microplastic pollution. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated the effect of increasing microplastic concentrations on microbial and isopod-driven litter decomposition, separately, in a one-month full-factorial microcosm experiment under controlled conditions. Contrary to expectations, neither decomposition by microorganisms nor isopods were affected significantly by increased microplastic concentrations. Furthermore, isopod body weight remained unaffected by increased microplastic concentrations. This suggests that microplastics pollution has no observable short-term impact on the contribution of neither microbial nor faunal decomposers to plant litter decomposition. This contrasts with few recent studies that reported positive effects on microbial activity, negative effects on detritivore activity, and an overall positive effect of microplastics on litter decomposition. Microplastic type, concentration, exposure time and application mode likely influence microplastic effects on soil processes, and future research should thus focus on longer-term experiments with environmentally relevant microplastic composition and concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixing of Pinus massoniana and broadleaved tree species alters stoichiometric imbalances between plants and soil microbes and their resources in subtropical plantations","authors":"Piaoyun Deng ,&nbsp;Yunchao Zhou ,&nbsp;Wensha Chen ,&nbsp;Yongyong Wang ,&nbsp;Jirong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Substituting broadleaved trees for some existing coniferous industrial timber trees is an increasingly common cultivation practice to increase productivity, and non-isometric variations in soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) availability may make it challenging for plants and soil microbes to meet their elemental requirements. However, how plants and soil microbes cope with imbalanced stoichiometry induced by changes in the dominant species to maintain homeostasis remains unclear. We investigated the C:N:P stoichiometry in <em>Pinus massoniana</em> monocultures and in mixed plantations of <em>Pinus massoniana</em> and five individual broadleaved trees (<em>Bretschneidera sinensis</em>, <em>Manglietia conifera</em>, <em>Cercidiphyllum japonicum</em>, <em>Michelia maudiae</em>, and <em>Camellia oleifera</em>). We found that species substitution alleviated soil N-P imbalances for plants; it also alleviated the imbalances in soil accessible resources and litter C:P &amp; N:P for microbes, thus reducing plant and microbial P limitations but aggravated potential microbial C limitations. Lowering the annual N and P uptake ratio and reabsorbing more P relative to N were two important ways that plants decreased the soil N-P imbalance. Increasing microbial biomass, enzymatic activities, and the microbial element utilization ratios C:P and N:P were important mechanisms by which microbes decreased C:P and N:P imbalances with substrates. The synergistic response of plant P uptake vs. microbial P assimilation and plant nutrient resorption efficiency (N:P) vs. microbial element utilization ratio (N:P) implied a mutually reinforcing relationship between plants and microbes in response to stoichiometric imbalances. Overall, these results advance the understanding of the plant- and microbe-driven alleviation of P limitation synergistically in P-scarce fragile ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106028"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of soil microbial traits on soil organic carbon in alpine grassland was limited by depth","authors":"Jia Li ,&nbsp;Xia Wang ,&nbsp;Menghan Yuan ,&nbsp;Yazhen Li ,&nbsp;Wenhui Duan ,&nbsp;Jieyi Xia ,&nbsp;Xusheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunfei Zhao ,&nbsp;Huawei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microorganisms play an important role in regulating the formation and accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, it has not yet been determined which microbial factors (community, biomass, and necromass) play a role in SOC pool at different depths in alpine grassland ecosystems and how this is achieved. We conducted a large-scale survey and sampling in two alpine grassland habitats on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau at two soil layers (topsoil: 0–10 cm and subsoil: 20–30 cm) over an area spanning 1500 km. The distribution patterns of SOC pools and microbial communities in alpine grasslands were analyzed. We found that microbial biomass carbon decreased significantly with depth, and alpine meadow MBC was significantly larger than alpine steppe. Fungal nercomass carbon was the main contributor to SOC in alpine grasslands. Compared to microbial communities, microbial carbon pools had a greater influence on SOC pools, and they were mainly accumulated through microbial nercomass carbon. Soil moisture affects microbial composition, so microbial diversity and associated network complexity were affected by a wide range of moisture factors (including mean annual precipitation and soil moisture). In deeper soils within alpine grasslands, microbial network complexity reduces the SOC pool by influencing microbial community diversity. This study revealed the controls on microbial communities and SOC at different soil depths within different grassland types on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and the results emphasize the importance of microbial necromass in SOC pool within alpine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N cycling increase after savanna afforestation with Eucalyptus or Acacia is reflected in the growth of soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea and nematode bacterial-feeders","authors":"M. Sauvadet ,&nbsp;J.M. Harmand ,&nbsp;P. Deleporte ,&nbsp;A. Martin ,&nbsp;F. Zarah-Shailia ,&nbsp;C. Villenave ,&nbsp;A. Jimenez ,&nbsp;L. Mareschal ,&nbsp;J.P. Bouillet ,&nbsp;J.P. Laclau ,&nbsp;C. Plassard ,&nbsp;J. Trap ,&nbsp;A. Robin","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In tropical humid Africa, sandy soils under periodically burnt herbaceous savannas exhibit generally low carbon (C) content and nitrogen (N) availability. Savanna afforestation may overcome these limitations through changes in soil functioning, yet these processes still need to be explored. In this study, we investigated whether changes in the composition of soil micro-food web may explain soil C and N cycling increases following savanna afforestation. We conducted a 7-year experiment in Congo including <em>Eucalyptus</em> and N₂-fixing <em>Acacia</em> monocultures and <em>Eucalyptus-Acacia</em> mixtures established on former herbaceous savannas. We assessed in each of these modalities the soil attributes: organic C and N, pH_H2O, nitrate, ammonium, net C and N mineralization and nitrification rates, along with the abundances of bacteria, fungi, nematodes, ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) in the top 10 cm layer. Afforestation of savannas with <em>Eucalyptus</em> for timber production increased soil C by 1.7 times, soil net N mineralization rates by 1.9 times and soil inorganic nitrogen by 2.5 times. Mixed <em>Acacia-Eucalyptus</em> and <em>Acacia</em> monoculture plantations further improved the rate of net nitrogen mineralization by a factor of 1.4 and soil inorganic N by a factor of 2.3 compared with <em>Eucalyptus</em> monocultures. These changes were associated with a gradual increase in AOA abundance from savanna to <em>Eucalyptus</em> monoculture, <em>Eucalyptus-Acacia</em> mixtures and finally <em>Acacia</em> monoculture. Savanna afforestation resulted in a significant increase in the absolute abundance of bacterial-feeding nematodes by 678 %, but to a decrease in the abundance of both fungal-feeders, and omnivores and predators. Increase in N cycling was positively associated with both AOA and nematode bacterial-feeder abundances, underlining the importance of monitoring micro-food web structure to understand better how land use changes affect soil biogeochemical cycling in the context of tropical afforestation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106027"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially toxic elements in different inorganic and organic fertilizers: A comprehensive review on global perspective and fertilizer-wise differences","authors":"Saloni Sachdeva ,&nbsp;Abhiruchi Varshney ,&nbsp;Harish Chandra Barman ,&nbsp;Mike A. Powell ,&nbsp;Prafulla Kumar Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105996","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Although fertilizer use greatly enhances the crop productivity, applying it excessively can lead to serious concern of agricultural soil contamination and global food safety. Despite this widespread concern, there is a lack of comprehensive studies evaluating fertilizer-wise differences in accumulating potentially toxic elements (PTEs) on a global perspective. This study addresses this gap by compiling 74 research articles from different countries that were retrieved from the &lt;em&gt;Scopus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;ScienceDirect&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;PubMed and Google Scholar database&lt;/em&gt;. The compiled data was first divided into inorganic and organic origins and then into the 14 fertilizer types; 6 inorganic and 8 organic group of fertilizers. The result showed that the average PTEs concentration is widely varied between and within the group of fertilizers. Among the major inorganic fertilizers, \"P\" (phosphorus) group- exhibited the highest and 2nd highest median concentrations (mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) of most of the PTEs (in decreasing order of Al (7906) &gt; Fe (2644) &gt; Cr (127) &gt; U (111) &gt; V (103) &gt; Zn (94) &gt; Mn (68) &gt; Ni (23) &gt; Cu (15) &gt; As (10) &gt; Cd (7) &gt; Co (6.6) &gt; Mo (6.2) &gt; Se (3), followed by \"M\" (mixed), \"K\" (potassium) and \"N\" (nitrogen) groups . Phosphate rocks (\"PR\"), which used as a raw material in making P-based fertilizers, also contain higher levels of most of the PTEs, similar with \"P\". Comparing to the European Union (EU) Regulation 2019/1009 related to inorganic fertilizers, higher % of data points of \"P\" (up to 25 %), \"M\" (up to 13 %) and \"PR\" (up to 22 %) groups exceeded the legal limits of As (40 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;), Pb (120 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;), and Ni (50 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;), while \"N\" and \"K\" groups were mostly remained below the legal limits. Among the organic categories, CSS (i.e., compost includes municipal solid waste and sewage sludge as raw materials) displayed significantly higher median values (mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) of the PTEs, including Zn (514), Cu (181), Pb (127), Cr (93), Ni (56), As (11) and Cd (3) than others. When compared to the EU Regulation 2019/1009 for organic fertilizers, CSS showed a significantly higher % of data points (up to 61%) that surpassed the limits of As, Pb, Hg, Ni and Cd; MPG (pig manure) and MCH (chicken/poultry manure) were next (up to 28.5% and 21.8%, respectively), while others mostly remained within the limits. This reflects a drastic difference of PTEs accumulation between the type of fertilizers, emphasizing the necessity to continue research on toxic elements quantification in fertilizers and the raw materials used in them. The results of this study can be served as a baseline level of PTE levels in different fertilizer types for developing more sustainable fertilization practices to safeguard agricultural soils and human health. However, this data should be used with cautions due to certain limitations, especially variability in sample sizes and number of elements acr","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 105996"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}