Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Soil Fusarium graminearum is inhibited by combined application of crop residues and an organic stimulant","authors":"Yunpeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Tantan Zhou ,&nbsp;Zengqiang Li ,&nbsp;Qingxia Wang ,&nbsp;Jisheng Xu ,&nbsp;Dandan Li ,&nbsp;Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Bingzi Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Application of crop residues combined with an organic stimulant has been previously proven to promote residue decomposition through stimulating microbial decomposers, while little is known about whether the residue-borne <em>Fusarium graminearum</em> (Fg) from the soil concurrently changed. A one-year wheat field experiment was conducted to investigate how the stimulant-induced changes in soil properties, bacterial and fungal community compositions affected the soil Fg abundance. Four treatments were designed including (1) combined application of crop residues (R) and an organic stimulant (S) (RS), (2) only R was applied (R), (3) only S was applied (S), and (4) an unamended control (R0S0). No Fg was determined from the R0S0 soil. Among the other three treatments, the R and S had similarly highest levels of the soil Fg abundance, with the average values being 136.71 % higher than that from the RS treatment, which was mainly regulated by declining soil pH and the enrichment of the fungal taxa associated with crop residue decomposition and biocontrol induced by increasing DOC in the RS treatment. Likewise, the FHB disease incidence from the RS treatment was 9.77 % lower than that from the R and S. We demonstrated that combination application of crop residues and an organic stimulant showed effectiveness in reducing the Fg abundance in soil and FHB disease incidence in wheat due to the stimulant-induced changes in soil properties and shifts in composition of the fungal community rather than the bacterial community. Our results provide novel insights on FHB prevention and control in practical agricultural production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of habitat restoration and solar panels on soil properties and functions in solar parks","authors":"Quentin Lambert ,&nbsp;Armin Bischoff ,&nbsp;Raphael Gros","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the Mediterranean region, the construction of solar parks has strongly increased in order to replace fossil energy sources. However, the use of solar energy for electricity production requires large areas and impacts biodiversity and ecosystem functioning through soil degradation and vegetation destruction. Furthermore, solar panels change the microclimate hampering plant establishment and soil functioning. However, the specific effects of solar panels are still largely unknown. In our study, we tested different ecological restoration techniques (vermicompost addition, sowing of target species and seed material transfer from the reference community) to improve plant establishment and related soil functions. We further analyzed the effects of solar panels and interactions with these restoration techniques. A full factorial randomized block experiment was set up in a solar park in South-eastern France. Soil climatic, chemical (C and N content) and microbiological properties as well as the mesofauna (mites and springtails) were studied. The data were used to analyze trophic interaction networks of the soils. Vermicompost addition resulted in a strong increase in C and N content often used as criteria of chemical soil quality. Seed material transfer and sowing increased the diversity and abundance of the mesofauna and revealed more trophic interactions than the other treatments. Solar panels negatively affected most of the measured variables related to soil biodiversity and functioning. No interactions between the effects of solar panels and restoration treatments were detected for the soil properties. To improve the ecological restoration of soils under solar panels, more specific restoration methods need to be tested such as the use of soil engineer species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929139324003457/pdfft?md5=1eb97b77ae2a7f7ecf0799852c74da9b&pid=1-s2.0-S0929139324003457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneath the apple trees - Exploring soil microbial properties under Malus domestica concerning various land management practices","authors":"Klaudia Zawadzka,&nbsp;Karolina Oszust,&nbsp;Michał Pylak,&nbsp;Jacek Panek,&nbsp;Agata Gryta,&nbsp;Magdalena Frąc","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105642","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The presented study evaluated the impact of six land management practices on soil bacterial and fungal communities under apple trees: green field belts, forests, gardens with trees and ornamental plants, gardens with farm animals, and uncultivated and cultivated orchards. The study explored soil microbial properties including the enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases (tested by colorimetric reaction with 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride), metabolic profile (using Biolog™ ECO Plates), metataxonomy structure (Next Generation Sequencing using Illumina®), followed by physicochemical properties (pH, N, P, K, microelements concentrations, organic matter, and C&lt;sub&gt;org&lt;/sub&gt; content). The hypothesis was that different land management practices would influence soil microbial properties, with cultivated orchards expected to show significantly lower dehydrogenases activity, and higher substrate-based respiratory than biomass response, within substrate stress occurrence, when testing metabolic profiles, but also different composition and lower relative abundances of specific microbial taxa and different biomarker genera, compared to other treatments. We aimed to identify practices promoting diverse microbial substrate-based metabolic and taxa diversity responses, with a focus on &lt;em&gt;Bacillus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Trichoderma&lt;/em&gt; abundances, which are potential biological agents against fungal pathogens. As expected the presented research revealed significant statistical variations in microbial communities among different land management practices in soil beneath apple trees. It was accordingly noted that cultivated orchards, but also green belts, clearly exhibited reduced microbial activity (3.59 and 4.76 TPF kg&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; d&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively) compared to gardens and uncultivated orchards (12.08 and 9.89 TPF kg&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; d&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;). Cultivated orchards notably showed higher respiration levels and substrate stress compared, especially to forests and other land management practices represented by a clear separation of observed according to Sneath's criteria in cluster analysis. Different land management practices induce unique stress responses in microbial communities: forests struggled with B-Methyl-&lt;span&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;-Glucoside, gardens with Serine and Putrescine, cultivated orchards with &lt;span&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;-Glucosaminic Acid and Cyclodextrin, and bounds with 2-Hydroxy-Benzoic Acid. Substantial differences were also observed in the relative abundance of the top ten bacterial and fungal orders, and biomarker genera representatives. In cultivated orchards, there was a significant decrease in the relative abundance of many bacterial taxa such as e.g. Rhizobiales, Burkholderiales, Vivinamibacterales, and fungal taxa including Eurotiales, and Saccharomycetales. Notably, no significant differences were noted for &lt;em&gt;Bacillus&lt;/em&gt; abundance among tested management practices. Forests favored &lt;em&gt;Trichoderma&lt;/em&gt; abundance the most among tested practices","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929139324003731/pdfft?md5=8c22d0ac191b901746d55c07fe0bd3cb&pid=1-s2.0-S0929139324003731-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree species-mediated soil properties shape soil fauna community structure more strongly in the soil layer: Evidence from a common garden experiment","authors":"Jingru Liu ,&nbsp;Aomiao Wu ,&nbsp;Rui Yin ,&nbsp;Zhenfeng Xu ,&nbsp;Chengming You ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Xu ,&nbsp;Hongwei Xu ,&nbsp;Lixia Wang ,&nbsp;Han Li ,&nbsp;Sining Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Bo Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil fauna plays a crucial role in the soil biogeochemical cycles of forest ecosystems, with tree species composition regulating their diversity and functionality through alterations in habitat conditions and nutrient availability. However, identifying the impacts of tree species on soil faunal communities remains challenging due to the difficulty in distinguishing the effects of tree species-induced habitat changes from those of historical environmental conditions. Here, we conducted a field study in a common garden established in 2015, with consistent climate, soil, and land-use conditions to clarify the response of the soil faunal community to changes in tree species. After 5 years of plantation growth, we evaluated the differences in tree species identities and soil faunal community structures between the litter and soil layers in four closed-canopy broadleaf forests (<em>Cinnamomum septentrionale</em>, <em>Cinnamomum camphora</em>, <em>Cinnamomum longepaniculatum</em> and <em>Toona sinensis</em>). We found that the soil faunal communities differed significantly among the four broad-leaved tree species, with 18.7 % being dominated by Collembola and 67.2 % by Acari, with a relatively high proportion of microbivores (65.5 %). Compared with that of the other stands, the <em>C. longepaniculatum</em> stand had the most notable differences in taxa composition, while the <em>T. sinensis</em> stand exhibited the greatest soil biological quality, with a QBS value 1.25 times greater than that of other stands. The greatest total soil faunal abundance was observed in <em>C. camphora</em>, and this high abundance was due to a greater proportion of microbivores (75.4 %), whereas the detritivores, herbivores, and predators exhibited greater abundance in <em>T. sinensis</em> than in the other stands due to the high-quality litter input (low C/P and C/N ratios) and low tree biomass. The distribution of soil fauna across the habitat layers was significantly influenced by tree species changes, with the most pronounced differences occurring in the soil layer rather than in the litter layer. Finally, soil properties, rather than litter and plant conditions, were the primary factors explaining interspecific variations in total abundance and total diversity of the soil fauna and the QBS index, accounting for 61.6 %, 71.7 %, and 34.4 % of the variation, respectively. The results from the common garden experiment suggest that the change in the soil faunal community due to tree species identity was greater in the soil layer than in the litter layer, with the crucial determinant being tree-species-mediated soil properties. These insights enhance our understanding of the effect of tree species on soil faunal communities, which is essential for biodiversity conservation in artificial forests and for guiding tree species selection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare bacterial and fungal taxa respond strongly to combined inorganic and organic fertilization under short-term conditions","authors":"Na Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunhua Dong ,&nbsp;Longtao Li ,&nbsp;Hua Li ,&nbsp;Weimin Li ,&nbsp;Fengqiu Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil microbial communities play a crucial role in driving multiple ecosystem functions. Although numerous studies have investigated the effects of fertilization on the entire soil microbial community, the responses of abundant (relative abundance ≥ 1 % in all samples, or ≥ 1 % in some samples but never &lt; 0.01 % in any samples) and rare (relative abundance &lt; 0.01% in all samples, or &lt; 0.01% in some samples but never≥ 1% in any samples) microbial taxa, as along with their relative contributions to ecosystem functions in agricultural soils under combined organic and inorganic fertilization, have been less explored. Here, a field experiment revealed that rare bacterial and fungal taxa were more sensitive to short-term fertilization than abundant taxa. The combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers maintained the alpha-diversity of rare bacterial taxa and enhanced the alpha-diversity of rare fungal taxa. The significant impact of fertilization on the bacterial community was primarily induced by alterations in soil pH (decreased from 6.01 to 5.46), total phosphorus (0.32 – 0.37 g/kg), available phosphorus (1.24 – 4.76 mg/kg), and available potassium (41.11 – 58.78 mg/kg), whereas the fungal community was less influenced by fertilization. The dissimilarity of both abundant (Mantel <em>r</em> = 0.38, <em>P</em> = 0.001) and rare (Mantel <em>r</em> = 0.26, <em>P</em> = 0.014) bacterial taxa exhibited positive relationships with ecosystem multifunctionality. Additionally, ecosystem multifunctionality was positively associated with the relative abundance of specific genera and keystone species, particularly rare bacterial taxa (e.g., <em>Melioribacter</em>, <em>Aquisphaera</em>, <em>Sunxiuqinia</em>, <em>Methylobacterium</em>, and <em>Thermosporothrix</em>), the abundant fungal genus <em>Achroiostachys</em>, and rare fungal taxa (e.g., <em>Paraphelidium</em>, <em>Pseudallescheria</em>, <em>Scutellinia</em>, <em>Niesslia</em>, <em>Tilletia</em>, <em>Coprinopsis</em>, <em>Poaceascoma</em>, <em>Entrophospora</em> sp., <em>Acremonium persicinum</em>, <em>Hydropisphaera erubescens</em>, and <em>Rozellomycota</em> sp.) (ρ = 0.52–0.75, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). A partial least-squares path model indicated that soil nutrients (path coefficient = 0.83, <em>p</em> = 0.001) and microbial beta-diversity (path coefficient = 0.18, <em>p</em> = 0.049) exerted primary direct and positive effects on ecosystem multifunctionality, with soil nutrients also indirectly influencing ecosystem multifunctionality through microbial beta-diversity. Collectively, these findings underscore the significant response of rare, rather than abundant, microbial taxa and their contributions to ecosystem multifunctionality. This highlights the potential of appropriately combined inorganic and organic fertilizers, which promote rare microbial taxa, to enhance the multifunctionality of agricultural ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vermicompost enhances the salt tolerance of maize by reshaping the rhizosphere microenvironment","authors":"Mengli Liu,&nbsp;Jia Cao,&nbsp;Chong Wang,&nbsp;Binglei Wang,&nbsp;Rui Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vermicompost can improve saline soil by alleviating soil salinity, forming soil aggregates and regulating nutrient cycling, however, the mechanisms underlying its effects on the rhizosphere microenvironment and plant salt tolerance have not been elucidated. This study examined the ability of vermicompost to improve the macroaggregate microstructure, soil microbial community and nitrogen mineralization in the rhizosphere, which consequently improved maize salt tolerance in saline soil. Transcriptomic, metabonomic, synchrotron radiation-based micro-computed tomography and ¹⁵N tracer techniques were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved. The results indicated that vermicompost application reshaped the macroaggregate microstructure and soil bacterial community, decreased the soil salinity (5.6 %) and increased ¹⁵N mineralization (33 %) of the wheat straw in the saline soil. Moreover, vermicompost affected the expression of salt tolerance genes and citrate cycle activity, and increased ¹⁵N-NO₃⁻ uptake (64 %) by the roots, in turn increasing the growth of maize roots (38 %). In maize shoots, vermicompost induced stomatal closure, regulated photosynthesis, modulated the ABA-activated signalling pathway and activated amino acid metabolism by doubling nitrogen uptake to almost double the growth of the shoots. Collectively, these findings greatly enhance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the physiological response of plants to improvements in the rhizosphere microenvironment and provide innovative concepts for ensuring food security and promoting agricultural productivity in saline soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105633"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling low phosphorus fertilization with straw amendment highlights large crop productivity and reduced N2O emission in vegetable production","authors":"Zheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Shuhang Wu ,&nbsp;Haitao Zhu ,&nbsp;Deping Zhou ,&nbsp;Changbin Chu ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Sixin Xu ,&nbsp;Shumei Cai ,&nbsp;Deshan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The managements of reducing phosphorus (P) fertilization and/or straw application have been demonstrated to effectively enhance nutrient use efficiency by modulating root-microbe interactions. Given that microorganisms play a predominant role in N₂O production pathways, investigating microbial communities and root traits in soils subjected to diverse management practices involving low P fertilization and/or straw application would yield crucial insights for minimizing N₂O emissions. A series of field experiments with four successive <em>Brassica chinensis</em> were conducted under greenhouse condition to test crop productivity and N₂O emission with different P fertilizer and straw managements. Results indicated that the high P fertilization treatment (HP) led to the largest cumulative N₂O emission with 13.33 kg N₂O/ha across the all treatments. Compared with HP treatment, the low P fertilization treatment (LP) and no P fertilizer treatment (NP) significantly decreased the cumulative N₂O emission by 34.06 % and 29.71 %, respectively. Correlation analysis indicating that the reduction of N₂O emission was positively correlated with the ratio of (<em>nirS</em> + <em>nirK</em>)/<em>Nitrobacter</em>. The combination of low P fertilization with straw addition (LPS) stimulated the elongation of <em>B. chinensis</em> roots with large specific length, thereby increasing the uptake of P and N by crops compared with those in LP treatment. The LPS treatment alleviated the total N₂O emissions by 20.86 % compared with HP treatment, despite the fact that the inclusion of the straw addition enhanced the total N₂O emission in low P soil. The increasing of N₂O emissions from straw-amended soils was likely attributed to the abundant presence of soil bacteria and fungi, as well as highly enriched microorganisms harboring functional genes (<em>nirS</em>, <em>nirK</em> and <em>nosZ</em>) encoding for denitrification. Therefore, low P fertilization combined with straw addition is recommended for greenhouse vegetable fields due to its remarkable efficiency in enhancing crop nutrient acquisition and mitigating N₂O emissions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929139324003664/pdfft?md5=43871253252fa0e401e93f5dc8c99694&pid=1-s2.0-S0929139324003664-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial variations of the relationships between bacterial diversity and forest ecosystem multifunctionality in the Qinling Mountains, China","authors":"Manya Luo ,&nbsp;Xia Jia ,&nbsp;Yonghua Zhao ,&nbsp;Xuan Ye ,&nbsp;Kun Ren ,&nbsp;Qi Mu ,&nbsp;Shuaizhi Kang ,&nbsp;Huanyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Juan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the importance of soil bacterial diversity in regulating ecosystem functions and services is increasingly recognized, it is still unclear how the relationships of bacterial diversity-ecosystem multifunctionality changes in spatial pattern. Here, combining spatial analysis methods of GIS and geostatistics analysis with bacterial community, based on the differences in the dominant forest types (<em>Quercus aliena</em> var. <em>acuteserrata</em>, <em>Pinus armandi</em> and <em>Soft-broad mix</em>) in the Qinling Mountains, we revealed the spatial distribution patterns of bacterial composition and diversity, and forest ecosystem multifunctionality. Moreover, the spatial variations the relationships of bacterial diversity-multifunctionality were evaluated. Our findings indicated bacterial diversity and multifunctionality in three forests exhibited a similar pattern, with <em>Quercus aliena</em> var. <em>acuteserrata</em> forest &gt; <em>Soft-broad</em> mix forest &gt; <em>Pinus armandi</em> forest. Form spatial perspective, bacterial diversity was higher in the southern region, followed by northeast. Forest ecosystem multifunctionality decreased from the southwest to the northeast. We also observed direct positive effects of bacterial diversity and dominant taxa on forest multifunctionality. The relationship of bacteria-multifunctionality exhibited significant spatial variations, a positive correlation remained predominant in spatial dimension. Overall, this study highlights the changing characteristics of the connections between bacteria and forest multifunctionality under the regulation of vegetation, climate, geographical features and their interactions. The application of geospatial analysis methods to microorganism-ecosystem function offered valuable insights for predicting microbial spatial distribution and protecting forest ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichoderma harzianum promoting chrysanthemum cutting rooting and reshaping microbial communities in endophytic and rhizosphere environments","authors":"Ya-Jie Wu ,&nbsp;Murad Muhammad ,&nbsp;Yu Jiao ,&nbsp;Xiu Chen ,&nbsp;Hai-Long Wang ,&nbsp;Chun-Mei Lu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Guo-Xing Zhu ,&nbsp;Kai-Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Zi-Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Wen-Jun Li ,&nbsp;Yan-Ru Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is well known that <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em> promotes the growth and development of plants. This study aims to investigate the impact of <em>T. harzianum</em> on the cutting rooting and microbial communities in the endophytic and rhizosphere of chrysanthemum cuttings. The effects of <em>T. harzianum</em> on the rooting rate, root length, and root number of chrysanthemum cuttings were determined. Using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT), we investigated physiological indexes such as nutrients, hormones, and enzymatic activities to identify the key factors influencing the rooting of chrysanthemum cuttings. The endophytic and rhizosphere microbial communities were analyzed through high-throughput sequencing. Microorganism function was predicted using SPSS software, PICRUSt2, and the FUNGuild database. The results showed that <em>T. harzianum</em> greatly increased the chrysanthemum cuttings' rooting rate by 21.11 %. Furthermore, it caused the average root length to expand by 81.72 %, the total number of roots to increase by 72.23 %, and the dry weight of the roots to increase by 50 %. At the same time, <em>T. harzianum</em> markedly reduced the number of pathogenic microbes and greatly enhanced the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the endophytic and rhizosphere. PICRUSt2 function prediction showed that the abundance of some enzymes involved in IAA, sugar, and starch synthesis from endophytic bacteria in chrysanthemum cuttings inoculated <em>T. harzianum</em> was significantly increased, and the primary nutrient type of the fungi was changed from pathotroph to saprotroph. Hence, we concluded that applying <em>T. harzianum</em> restored the endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms, boosted nutrient and hormone levels, enhanced enzymatic activities, and enhanced cutting rooting. It also significantly reduced the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the plant and rhizosphere, potentially controlling the occurrence of phytopathogens. These results offer insightful information about the beneficial impacts of <em>T. harzianum</em> on the growth and development of plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus fertilization reduction enhanced legacy P recovery in an Ultisol under maize-soybean intercropping system: Implication for soil health and green crop production","authors":"Jin Liu ,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhao ,&nbsp;Dongling Yang ,&nbsp;Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Jianjun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil legacy phosphorus (P) activation is critical for enhancing P use efficiency, while how reduced P fertilization on legacy P recovery under intercropping soil remains elusive. This study investigated the impact of fertilizer P reduction on the fertilizer P use efficiency (PUE), crop biomass, legacy P recovery, transformation and the underlying biogeochemical driving mechanisms under the maize-soybean intercropping system using a combination of sequential fractionation (SF), solution ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (P-NMR) spectroscopy and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Four P fertilizer application rates, including conventional fertilization rate (CF), P fertilization reduction by 15 % (P15), 25 % (P25) and 50 % (P50), were conducted in the pot experiment using an Ultisol with maize-soybean intercropping. The result showed that the P15 treatment significantly increased P uptake, biomass and PUE of the maize relative to the CF treatment, but insignificantly for the soybean. The SF and P-NMR analysis revealed the depletion of total organic P (P_o), while enrichment of liable P_o, i.e. orthophosphate diesters in the maize rhizosphere, which probably resulted from the rhizospheric enhancement of acid phosphomonoesterase and microbial activities, and enrichment of specific bacterial communities (<em>Candidatus_Koribacter</em>, <em>Ramlibacter</em> and <em>Noviherbaspirillum</em>). This study provides a theoretical basis for the P fertilization reduction to enhance PUE and legacy P recovery, thus facilitate pursuing soil health and green crop production under maize-soybean intercropping system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 105624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}