Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Plant species richness enhances aboveground primary productivity via net biodiversity effects and bacterial community interactions","authors":"Xu Luo ,&nbsp;Yingzhong Xie ,&nbsp;Shaoli Yue ,&nbsp;Mingfan Yang ,&nbsp;Cui Han ,&nbsp;Yaxin Zhao ,&nbsp;Ying Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The multifunctionality of grassland ecosystems is significantly affected by dominant and subdominant species, particularly in terms of aboveground primary productivity. Few studies have explored how various dominant and subdominant plant species control the interactions between several trophic levels, driving aboveground productivity. To investigate the direct and indirect drivers of productivity in dominant and subdominant plant communities, we selected three dominant and seven subdominant species from the Ningxia northern Yanchi Desert steppe for monoculture and mixture experiments to establish the richness of plant species (monoculture and 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-species mixtures). We examined the aboveground biomass, soil properties, insect diversity, and microbial diversity of different plant species combinations, linking biotic and abiotic factors with aboveground primary productivity. We found: (1) a significant positive correlation between species richness and net biodiversity effects. Higher aboveground relative productivity was achieved for mixed species than for monoculture, particularly for <em>Elymus dahuricus</em>, and the selection effect had a unimodal relationship with increased species richness, with the highest productivity observed in the 8-species mixture. (2) The co-dominant insect groups in various plant species were the phytophagous Miridae, Agromyzidae, and Cicadellidae families, constituting 69.5 % of all insects collected. Plant species richness had an encouraging influence on phytophagous insect diversity, but the effects on predatory, omnivorous, and parasitic insects remained insignificant. Additionally, insect similarity indices for different plant species richness values were lower than 0.5. (3) Stoichiometric analyses of soil enzymes revealed a reduction in microbial metabolism primarily by the relative limitation of nitrogen and phosphorus, with nitrogen limitations being significantly stronger in the monoculture than in the 8-mixture species; the dominant bacterial phyla, Actinobacteria and Ascomycetes, played essential roles in promoting plant growth in desert steppes, and bacterial biodiversity influenced primary productivity more prominently than fungal biodiversity. Our findings underscore the importance of conserving species diversity and its potential benefits for ecosystem restoration and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial community structure and nitrogen cycling in an area affected by the tailings dam collapse under a rehabilitation process","authors":"Letícia de Souza Ferreira ,&nbsp;Helena Santiago Lima ,&nbsp;Alex Gazolla de Castro ,&nbsp;Karen Braathen de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Wiane Meloni Silva ,&nbsp;Isabelle Gonçalves de Oliveira Prado ,&nbsp;Igor Rodrigues de Assis ,&nbsp;Diego Aniceto ,&nbsp;Maria Catarina Megumi Kasuya ,&nbsp;Sergio Oliveira de Paula ,&nbsp;Cynthia Canêdo da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rehabilitation of areas affected by iron ore tailings has significantly altered soil properties and microbial communities (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). This study examines the recovery of bacterial communities and nitrogen cycling in two rehabilitated areas impacted by the B1 dam rupture: DA1, a stream channel area with significant engineering intervention, and DA2, near a forest with minimal intervention. Using microbial 16S rRNA gene sequencing we found that Pseudomonadota,<!--> <!-->Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota, Chloroflexota, and Gemmatimonadota represent about 71 % of the total bacteria abundance in rehabilitated areas, we also identified 7 bacterial genera (<em>Terrabacter</em>, Neo b11, <em>Qipengyuania</em>, <em>Curtobacterium</em>, <em>Terriglobus</em>, <em>Parasegetibacter</em> and <em>Rhodopseudomonas</em>) as biomarkers for DA1, 3 (<em>Clostridium</em>, <em>Ensifer</em> and <em>Lacibacter</em>) for DA2, and 8 (<em>Fodinicola</em>, <em>Roseiarcus</em>, <em>Acidipila</em>, <em>Candidatus Udaeobacter</em>, <em>Planotetraspora</em>, <em>Mycobacterium</em> and Clade Ia) for a reference (REF) area. Genera in DA2 and REF were associated with nutrient cycling and plant growth, while DA1 displayed a wider range of metabolisms and degradation capacities. Microbial network analysis revealed more complex networks in rehabilitated areas DA1 (nodes = 3.186; edges = 6.480) DA2 (nodes = 3.224; edges = 6.521) than the reference (nodes = 2.175; edges = 3.020). Nitrogen cycle-related genera were present in both areas, with no significant difference (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) in the abundance of <em>nifH</em>, <em>narG</em> and <em>amoA</em> genes, suggesting that technosol supports efficient nitrogen cycling recovery. Overall, the study demonstrates microbial structure and function recovery in impacted areas, with technosol playing a beneficial role, even in regions with complex engineering needs. These findings highlight the potential of technosol for future environmental recovery efforts following dam collapses, motivating us to continue our research and innovation in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106045"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevation-dependent distribution of soil microbial necromass carbon in Pinus densata Mast. forests","authors":"Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Sijie Zhu ,&nbsp;Liangna Guo ,&nbsp;Ganggang Chen ,&nbsp;Gengxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiangrong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is an important component of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, its distribution patterns and driving mechanisms in alpine forest ecosystems remain understudied. MNC plays a crucial role in soil carbon storage and stability, profoundly influencing the carbon cycling in sensitive ecosystems and under climate change. Therefore, elucidating the distribution patterns of MNC and the factors driving them is essential for understanding the carbon cycle in alpine ecosystems and predicting the impacts of climate change. This study focuses on the <em>Pinus densata</em> Mast. forests of the Sygera Mountain, examining the distribution of MNC by collecting soil profile samples from 0 to 40 cm depths along an elevational gradient (3100 m, 3400 m, and 3700 m). Our findings reveal the following: 1) The total MNC decreases with elevation, and fungal necromass carbon content is significantly higher than bacterial necromass carbon at all elevations and soil depths; 2) Microbial necromass carbon content decreases with increasing soil depth, and its relative contribution to SOC increases with depth; 3) The content of MNC is primarily regulated by the joint effects of environmental factors and microbial characteristics, with soil nutrient content, elevation gradient, and microbial features being the main factors influencing the accumulation of MNC. This study elucidates the distribution patterns and driving factors of microbial necromass in alpine forest ecosystems, providing crucial scientific insights into the soil microbial carbon cycle in alpine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106049"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing soil microarthropod communities derived directly from soil DNA metabarcoding with those from morphological assessment in a drought-prone and irrigated pine forest","authors":"Jessica Cuartero ,&nbsp;Ivano Brunner ,&nbsp;Marcus Schaub ,&nbsp;Dariusz J. Gwiazdowicz ,&nbsp;Piotr Skubała ,&nbsp;Jiayi Qin ,&nbsp;Paul Henning Krogh ,&nbsp;Beat Frey","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106042","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Springtails (Collembola) and mites (Acari) are soil microarthropods, one of the most diverse animal groups in soils. They play a crucial role in organic matter cycling and are active throughout the food web as decomposers, bacterivores, fungivores, and carnivores. Only little is known about how these groups might respond to shifts in water availability, for example in the context of global change. Here, we investigated how soil microarthropods responded to long-term irrigation in a drought-prone Scots pine (&lt;em&gt;Pinus sylvestris&lt;/em&gt;) forest in southern Switzerland. After more than a decade of doubling the annual rainfall, irrigation improved not only tree vitality but also soil quality, and with shifts in bacteria and fungi reflecting changes from oligotrophic to copiotrophic conditions. We assessed soil microarthropods with two approaches: (1) directly by soil DNA metabarcoding and (2) by morphological assessment after extraction of the animals with Macfadyen funnels. Another main aim of that study was to compare the results with the two approaches. The dominant Collembola genus in both assessment approaches was &lt;em&gt;Parisotoma&lt;/em&gt;. The dominant Sarcoptiformes genus was &lt;em&gt;Oppiella&lt;/em&gt; whereas &lt;em&gt;Geolaelaps was&lt;/em&gt; the dominant Mesostigmata genus in both assessment approaches&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; Only the metabarcoding approach detected Trombidiformes genera, and only one genus, &lt;em&gt;Microtydeus&lt;/em&gt;, had a classification confidence &gt;80 %.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The abundance and alpha-diversity of Collembola and Acari did not change significantly as a result of the irrigation treatment, regardless of the assessment approaches applied. In contrast, microarthropod beta-diversity showed significantly shifts for Collembola and Acari, and for the Collembola order Entomobryomorpha and the Acari orders Sarcoptiformes, Mesostigmata, and Trombidiformes. A Procrustes analysis comparing the two assessment approaches indicated a significant effect of the irrigation treatment for the mite order Sarcoptiformes and a nearly significant effect for Collembola.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Using indicator species analysis a &lt;em&gt;Parisotoma&lt;/em&gt; species was the only Collembola taxon in the metabarcoding assessment that was strongly associated with the irrigation treatment. With the morphological assessment, &lt;em&gt;Parisotoma notabilis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Lepidocyrtus&lt;/em&gt; sp. were significantly associated with irrigation. For Acari, only the morphological approach let to &lt;em&gt;Licnodamaeus pulcherrimus&lt;/em&gt; as a negative indicator taxon for irrigation. By using the morphospecies lists as a reference for validation and comparing it with the species list obtained through metabarcoding, we found that only a small percentage of Collembola and Acari morphospecies overlapped. The metabarcoding approach detected taxa that were not observed with the morphological assessment, such as Neelipleona, Symphypleona, or Trombidiformes. Due to the complexity of the taxa and the lack of comprehensive taxonomic identific","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106042"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil microbial attributes and soybean yield response to off-season crop diversification in an Oxisol in Southern Brazil","authors":"Aghata C.R. Charnobay ,&nbsp;Artur B.L. Rondina ,&nbsp;Alvadi A. Balbinot Junior ,&nbsp;Mariangela Hungria ,&nbsp;Marco A. Nogueira","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>) cropping in Brazil often relies on soybean/maize or soybean/fallow systems. Diversification with off-season crops can improve soil biological health and soybean yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of off-season crops on soil microbial attributes and soybean yield over a seven-year experiment carried out in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. The treatments included five off-season cropping systems: (i) maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) and (ii) wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em>) as cash crops, (iii) ruzigrass (<em>Urochloa ruziziensis</em>) and (iv) showy rattlebox (<em>Crotalaria spectabilis</em>) as cover crops, and (v) fallow. Soil microbial attributes and soybean yield were assessed over 2020/2021 and 2022/2023 cropping seasons. Ruzigrass had the highest straw yield (8515 kg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), while showy rattlebox produced the lowest amounts (509 kg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) among the off-season crops. Ruzigrass and maize improved the soil organic carbon levels compared with fallow, whereas maize promoted the lowest amount of soil labile-C compared with the other treatments. Maize, ruzigrass, and wheat also increased the soil microbial biomass carbon. Cropping ruzigrass as off-season cover crop also improved N-cycling traits (microbial biomass N, and total inorganic N), microbial respiration, and the activity of β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase, acid phosphatase, and glutaminase. Principal component analysis of soil microbiological and chemical attributes revealed a separation among the off-season treatments, specially distinguishing ruzigrass from showy rattlebox and fallow. Ruzigrass provided the highest soybean yield in succession (4119 kg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) compared with fallow (3525 kg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹). These results highlight ruzigrass as option to diversify the soybean production system, improving soil microbial attributes and soybean yield. Our findings also add on the understanding of crop diversification as sustainable agricultural strategy for promoting soil health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106040"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land-use change reshapes communities and guild structure of Collembola across a wide geographic range of the temperate zone","authors":"Zhihong Qiao ,&nbsp;Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Gong ,&nbsp;Martin Schädler ,&nbsp;Saichao Zhang ,&nbsp;Qibao Yan ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Liu ,&nbsp;Zhijing Xie ,&nbsp;Liang Chang ,&nbsp;Donghui Wu ,&nbsp;Stefan Scheu ,&nbsp;Xin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil biodiversity is crucial for maintaining ecosystem functions and soil health, yet it is increasingly threatened by global change drivers such as land-use intensification. However, research on how land-use intensification affects belowground communities across biogeographic regions is scarce. This study investigates the response of Collembola, a highly abundant and ecologically significant soil animal taxon, to land-use changes across a broad latitudinal gradient (39°N to 48°N) in northeast China. Our findings show that agricultural intensification significantly reduces Collembola richness, density and Shannon-Wiener diversity, with pronounced differences between farmlands and planted forests. Notably, the response of Collembola of different life forms (epedaphic, hemiedaphic and euedaphic) to land use and climate factors varied markedly with latitude. In particular, epedaphic Collembola were negatively impacted by land-use intensification, while hemiedaphic Collembola were influenced by both land use and climate, with their density increasing with latitude. By contrast, euedaphic Collembola were largely unaffected by these factors. Agricultural land use also led to homogenization of Collembola communities and significantly altered their community composition, mainly due to shifts in epedaphic Collembola. Overall, our results indicate that agricultural land use reduces biodiversity, promotes biotic homogenization, and leads to distinct community compositions due to the varying response of Collembola fauna life forms to land-use change along latitudinal gradients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106036"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bituminous coal dust exposure on reproduction of Sinella curviseta (Collembola) and Eisenia fetida (Clitellata)","authors":"I.P. Tirado-Ballestas ,&nbsp;M.K. Taylor ,&nbsp;K. Caballero-Gallardo ,&nbsp;J. Olivero-Verbel ,&nbsp;M.A. Callaham Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although coal extraction is an important source of income for several countries, including Colombia, there are problems associated with mining activities, especially in open-pit coal mines. One of these is the deposition of air-borne dust in areas surrounding open pit mines, the accumulation of which can result in changes to the biogeochemistry of surrounding soils, as well as potential impacts on soil organisms, which have an important role in the maintenance of soil physicochemical properties, and other functional attributes of soils.</div><div>This study aimed to determine the ecotoxicological impact of sub-chronic exposure to bituminous coal dust (diameter up to 38 μm) in two soil invertebrate model organisms - an earthworm: <em>Eisenia fetida</em> (Savigny, 1826); and a collembolan: <em>Sinella curviseta</em> Brook 1882 - in soil with relatively low concentrations of coal dust. A total of four concentrations (1 to 4 % w/w) and one negative control were tested in artificial soil. Organisms were assessed after 28 and 60 days. Results from <em>E. fetida</em> showed that despite the low mortality of adult earthworms, a significant reduction in the number of cocoons and juveniles was observed in treatments ≥2 %, after 28 days and 60 days. In addition, the average number of cocoons observed was significantly reduced even at the lowest concentration of coal dust (1 %) relative to controls.</div><div>Similarly, a substantial reduction in the number of <em>S. curviseta</em> adults was observed in all concentrations after 28 and 60 days, respectively. Our results suggest that both organisms are highly sensitive bioindicators of soil disturbance. These findings further suggest that soil organisms and foodwebs in natural substrates in the vicinity of open pit coal mines may be at risk of impacts due to exposure to coal dust with potential consequences for soil system function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil viruses regulate soil nutrient cycling through themselves and their effects on host functioning to impede the growth of continuously planted Casuarina equisetifolia","authors":"Yu-Hua Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Hong ,&nbsp;Yi Lin ,&nbsp;Miao-En Qiu ,&nbsp;Jian-Juan Li ,&nbsp;Qing-Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Li Jia ,&nbsp;Yu-Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Li-Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yang-Xin Luo ,&nbsp;Wen-Xiong Lin ,&nbsp;Hai-Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Ze-Yan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Casuarina equisetifolia</em> (<em>C. equisetifolia</em>) is an economically important forest tree, and continuous planting has led to changes in soil microbial diversity and function in the rhizosphere of <em>C. equisetifolia</em>, with a decrease in wood volume of &gt;29.0 %, which has constrained the sustainable development of the industry. Viruses regulate soil microbial diversity, nutrient cycling, fertility, and consequently plant growth. In this study, <em>C. equisetifolia</em> with different numbers of continuous plantings was used as research object, and macroviromics techniques were used to analyze the reasons why soil viruses regulate soil nutrient cycling and thus impede the growth of <em>C. equisetifolia</em> in continuous plantings through their own and their effects on host function. It was shown that continuous planting led to a significant increase in the abundance of 10 characteristic viruses of module 1 in the rhizosphere soil of <em>C. equisetifolia</em>. After parasitizing the host microorganisms, these characteristic viruses reproduced by lysis, and at the same time contributed to a significant decrease in soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and respiration intensity, a significant decrease in soil nutrient cycling and resistance-related enzyme activities, which in turn led to a decrease in available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the soil, as well as a significant decrease in the plant height, root length and dry weight of <em>C. equisetifolia</em>. It can be seen that the reproduction mode of the characteristic viruses affects the host number and function, reduces the supply of soil nutrients, and hinders the growth of <em>C. equisetifolia</em> after continuous planting. This study reveals for the first time the different roles of viral propagation strategies in continuous planting and provides a new paradigm for the study of “virus-microbe-plant” interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root exudates of Salix cupularis orchestrate the accumulation of soil carbon and nitrogen in the rhizosphere during the restoration of a desertified alpine meadow","authors":"Qi Li ,&nbsp;Fei Yan ,&nbsp;Dongming Chen ,&nbsp;Jiqiong Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhouwen Ma ,&nbsp;Yanfu Bai ,&nbsp;Xingpeng Hu ,&nbsp;Congyu Ma ,&nbsp;Abeer S. Aloufi ,&nbsp;Feida Sun ,&nbsp;Anna Gunina ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov ,&nbsp;Lin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salix cupularis</em> is a key species for restoring desertified alpine meadows in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. However, the mechanisms driving soil restoration under <em>S. cupularis</em> remain unclear due to complex rhizosphere processes and harsh high-altitude conditions. This study investigated root exudation, soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents, enzyme activities, and microbial biomass across shoot biomass levels (high, medium, low), phenological stages (regreening, fruiting, withering), and plant gender (male, female) in <em>S. cupularis</em>. Root exudation was identified as a critical driver of increased rhizosphere soil C and N, unaffected by plant gender. Root exudation rates peaked at the fruiting stage, and the C exudation rate increased with shoot biomass. While <em>S. cupularis</em> with high shoot biomass showed greater rhizosphere and bulk soil organic C (SOC) content compared to low shoot biomass plants. Intensive root exudation enhanced the contents of dissolved organic C (DOC), NH₄⁺, microbial biomass C (MBC) and microbial biomass N (MBN), as well as extracellular enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil compared to bulk soil, with their highest levels observed at the fruiting stage. No significant effect of plant gender was discovered. Structural equation modeling revealed two main pathways for increasing rhizosphere C and N which are direct root exudates inputs and microbial biomass accumulation driven by root exudates. These findings highlight shrub shoot biomass as a key factor in soil restoration, emphasizing the roles of root exudates and microbial biomass formation in enhancing soil C and N during desertified alpine meadow recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106041"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation agriculture improves the balance between beneficial free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes for low-input rainfed rice crop","authors":"Marie Sauvadet ,&nbsp;Patrice Autfray ,&nbsp;Antsa Rafenomanjato ,&nbsp;Aude Ripoche ,&nbsp;Jean Trap","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation agriculture systems leaning on living mulch show particular promise thanks to their benefits on soil biological activity, but weed pressure in these cropping systems strongly depends on the amount of mulch. To assess the ability of these cropping systems to sustain soil health considering pest regulation, we investigated the combined influence of tillage and crop management (conventional, CONV and no-tillage with living mulch, NTLM) and weeding regimes (weekly hand-weeding and none) on soil free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes. To do so, we leant on a split-plot field experiment in Madagascar highlands 7 years after crop establishment. Overall, the abundance of soil free-living nematodes was 3.9 times higher in NTLM than CONV, primarily due to a preferential increase in fungal-feeders (+585 %) and in omnivores and predators (+633 %). Conversely, plant-parasitic nematodes had the same abundance in both systems, but not the same taxonomic composition, with a dominance of endoparasitic taxa in CONV, and of ectoparasitic taxa in NTLM. Weeding management affected only populations in NTLM, leading to increased abundance of fungal-feeders (+191 %) and lower abundance of semi-endoparasites (−89 %) in the unweeded systems, which were associated with changes in plant community diversity. In this context, conservation agriculture and no-weeding proved beneficial for promoting free-living nematode communities but also to decrease the overall plant parasitic pressure through plant diversification. As no weeding may nonetheless affect crop yield, a trade-off has therefore to be found to promote soil ecosystem services while maintaining crop production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}