Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Temperature and microbial metabolic limitations govern microbial carbon use efficiency in the Tibetan alpine grassland","authors":"Xuejun He ,&nbsp;Fangbin Liu ,&nbsp;Tian Ma ,&nbsp;Ase Ma ,&nbsp;Yaoyao Wang ,&nbsp;Yifan Li ,&nbsp;Wenjing Gao ,&nbsp;Zhiying Yang ,&nbsp;Junsheng Ke ,&nbsp;Yao Xiao ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Mu Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE), the ratio of microbial growth to carbon (C) uptake, is a pivotal parameter for estimating the transformation of soil C into microbial biomass C. This process is significantly influenced by environmental conditions and microbial metabolic traits. However, there are significant gaps in understanding the variations and driving factors of microbial CUE in alpine grasslands due to the lack of large-scale empirical evaluations. To fill these gaps, we collected surface soils along a large-scale environmental gradient in the Tibetan alpine grassland. We analyzed soil extracellular enzyme activities and edaphic biogeochemical properties. Additionally, we evaluated microbial metabolic status based on extracellular enzyme stoichiometry and calculated microbial CUE using a stoichiometric model. The findings indicate that as altitude increased, microbes shifted from nitrogen to phosphorus limitation, and the relative C limitation diminished. There was a significant positive correlation between microbial CUE and altitude, with values of 0.25 ± 0.02 (mean ± standard error) at low elevation and 0.45 ± 0.02 at high elevation. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that mean annual temperature (MAT) and microbial metabolic limitations were the primary drivers of microbial CUE. Specifically, microbial CUE decreased with increasing MAT and aggravated microbial limitations of C, nitrogen, or phosphorus. Overall, this study provides an empirical investigation for microbial CUE in alpine grassland ecosystem. Our results suggest that microbial CUE should not be represented as constant value in Earth system model. Comprehending the driving mechanism underlying microbial CUE is crucial for accurately modeling soil C cycling in the context of global change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105880"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of soil phosphorus components to black carbon in seasonally frozen areas: Insight into ecoenzymatic stoichiometry","authors":"Ping Xue ,&nbsp;Heng Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Fu,&nbsp;Tianxiao Li,&nbsp;Renjie Hou,&nbsp;Mo Li,&nbsp;Song Cui,&nbsp;Zhaoqiang Zhou,&nbsp;Qinglin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freeze–thaw cycles, as abiotic stressors, have a strong impact on soil biochemical processes in seasonally frozen areas. Black carbon (biochar) is an important alternative to traditional fertilizers, but its effect on freeze–thaw cycles remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, a three-year field experiment was conducted in seasonally frozen areas. Two biochar application modes were used in this experiment: a single high-dose addition (BL: 15 t·ha⁻¹) and three low-dose additions (BS: 5 t·ha⁻¹). The control group (CK) without biochar was established. The effects of different treatments on the soil physical properties and stoichiometric balance under freeze–thaw cycles were analyzed. The key factors driving microbial metabolic limitation and the potential mechanism of action of biochar were subsequently analyzed from the perspective of ecoenzymatic stoichiometry. Finally, the relationships between microbial metabolic limitations and soil phosphorus components were subsequently explored. The results show that freeze–thaw cycles improved soil nutrient availability but reduced soil structural stability. Biochar reduced the soil stoichiometric imbalance, and the improvement effect of the BL treatment on the stoichiometric imbalance was weaker than that of the BS treatment (the average effect sizes of BL and BS in the three years were − 0.136 and − 0.191, respectively). The soil physical properties, soil substrates and stoichiometric imbalance collectively explained 67 % of the variation in microbial carbon limitation (vector length, VL) and 58 % of the variation in phosphorus limitation (vector angle, VA). Soil microbial metabolic limitation is the key factor regulating changes in soil phosphorus components. Biochar reduces VL and VA, promoting the transformation of stable-P into labile-P. The average percentage of labile-P in the BS treatment was greater than that in the BL and CK treatments, reaching 13.06 %. The research revealed the relationships between microbial metabolic limitation and soil phosphorus components, providing a new perspective for exploring the effects of biochar on the soil phosphorus cycle in seasonally frozen areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105884"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological biogeography of maize rhizosphere underpins spatial variation of bacteriome and phylotypes for maize productivity","authors":"Tawakalit Modupe Momoh-Salami ,&nbsp;Nwanneka Marie Akinyemi ,&nbsp;Ganiyu Oladunjoye Oyetibo ,&nbsp;Godwin Anjorin Ajiboye ,&nbsp;Luqman Ayodeji Adams ,&nbsp;Liasu Adebayo Ogunkanmi ,&nbsp;Matthew Olusoji Ilori","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable food production systems in developing countries require resilient production of crops like <em>Zea mays</em> (maize) that could be improved through an understanding of its rhizosphere bacteriome. Maize rhizospheres in six locations, representing two hemispheres (southern: Ma2R, Ma3R, and BaMR; northern: MF1A-R, MF2A-R, and MF3A-R; 1023 km apart), were assessed for soil-solution chemistry and 16S rRNA microbiome. Varied concentrations of heavy metals and organochlorine compounds were observed in the rhizospheres, where cadmium (&gt;0.8 mg/kg desirable levels in unpolluted soils) and endrin influenced the bacterial community of the rhizospheres. The dominance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Bacteroidetes with apparent variations was observed across the locations. Firmicutes (as evidenced by <em>the Bacillus fumarioli</em> group) varied significantly in MF2A-R with BaMR (<em>t</em> = 2.96), Ma2R (<em>t</em> = 3.13), and Ma3R (<em>t</em> = 3.99). Remarkably, Proteobacteria (represented by <em>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</em> group) was relatively higher in the maize rhizosphere from the southern (BaMR, 37.6 %; Ma2R, 24.8 %; Ma3R, 37.8 %) than in northern (MF1A-R, 22.1 %; MF2A-R, 25.6 %; MF3A-R, 27.1 %) hemispheres. The phylogenetic diversity index revealed southern rhizospheres had greater bacterial diversity (average, 4792-factor) vis-à-vis northern rhizospheres (average, 4621-factor) with 0.11 % of the total variance (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Canonical correspondence analysis and other beta-diversity indexes established ≥19 % variance between the southern and northern rhizosphere as the bacteriome related to soil chemistry and oligotrophic fluxes through ≥62 % variability. The dominant rhizobacteria reported would help refine the search for site-specific microbial tools needed in sustainable maize production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105889"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warming-induced response of microbial diversity and functions regulated microbial necromass and soil multifunctionality","authors":"Zhuonan Hou ,&nbsp;Wenzu Liu ,&nbsp;Shaoqi Xu ,&nbsp;Su Chang ,&nbsp;Xinjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruihong Wang ,&nbsp;Daqing Luo ,&nbsp;Baorong Wang ,&nbsp;Shaoshan An ,&nbsp;Yuhui Qiao ,&nbsp;Zhangliu Du ,&nbsp;Yuquan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial necromass has been proved to be an important source of stable soil organic carbon (SOC), responding sensitively to global climate warming. Nevertheless, how the response of the soil microbial community to warming influences microbial necromass and ecosystem multifunctionality remains unclear. Here, amino sugars (ASs) were investigated as biomarkers of microbial necromass to evaluate bacterial and fungal necromass in a 60-day indoor warming incubation experiment, as well as the contribution of bacterial and fungal necromass to SOC. And amplicon sequencing and a high-throughput qPCR-based chip were integrated the changes in soil microbial community composition of whole, abundant, and rare taxa, as well as microbial traits (diversity, functional genes). The results showed that warming altered soil microbial community compositions, especially fungi. Under warming, bacterial necromass C and its contribution to SOC increased, while vice versa for fungi. The changes in microbial necromass C were closely associated with increasing C degradation gene abundance, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and chitin degradation genes. Warming slightly increased soil ecosystem multifunctionality in relation to soil carbon cycling, associated with soil microbial diversity. Rare taxa diversity broadly promoted most single functions and multifunctionality. The impacts of different microbial taxa diversity on multifunctionality were broadly following the order: fungi &gt; bacteria, abundant taxa &gt; whole taxa &gt; rare taxa. Simultaneously accounting for the effects of warming on multiple biotic and abiotic factors, multifunctionality and the contribution of microbial necromass to SOC were driven by nitrogen content, pH, soil microbial biomass, and diversity. Therefore, this study emphasized the crucial roles of microbial diversity, and microbial functions in regulating soil organic carbon pools and soil carbon cycling functions under global climate warming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105798"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of long-term conservation tillage on soil aggregate carbon fractions and microbial characteristics under rice-oilseed rape rotation systems","authors":"Yanshi Li ,&nbsp;Lijin Guo ,&nbsp;Mengqin Wu ,&nbsp;Chengfang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research on the impact of long-term conservation tillage on soil organic carbon (SOC) has primarily concentrated on bulk soil. However, there is a scarcity of studies that assess the effects of long-term conservation tillage on SOC and organic carbon (C) fractions within different aggregates. Consequently, a 9-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in SOC fractions and microbial community, as well as their interrelationships within different aggregates under different tillage practices and residue management in a rice-oilseed rape rotation system. There were four treatments, including double crops with no-tillage (NT) and residue mulch (ORNS), double crops with NT and no residue (ORN), single crop with conventional tillage (CT) and no residue (ONRC), and double crops with CT and no residue (ORC). Long-term conservation tillage significantly increased the proportion of &gt;250 μm aggregates while simultaneously reducing the proportion of &lt;250 μm aggregates. Compared with ORC, both ORNS and ORN increased the proportion of &gt;250 μm aggregates by 19.0 %–35.6 % and 14.0 %–28.0 %, respectively, while decreasing the proportion of &lt;250 μm aggregates by 23.8 %–45.7 % and 17.1 %–32.2 %. Moreover, long-term conservation tillage had a significant impact on SOC fractions content, soil enzyme activities and total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) of both &gt;250 μm and &lt; 250 μm aggregates. In both &gt;250 μm and &lt; 250 μm aggregates, compared with ORC, ORNS and ORN resulted in higher the SOC fractions content (dissolved organic C, microbial biomass C, light fraction organic C, and particular organic C) by 6.2 %–113.5 % and 4.2 %–71.2 %, the enzyme activities (cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, xylosidase and polyphenol oxidase) by 10.2 %–74.5 % and 9.0 %–77.3 %, the PLFA by 14.6 %–37.2 % and 9.0 %–28.5 %, respectively. Partial Least Squares Path Modeling further indicated that long-term conservation tillage mainly affected the SOC by meditating microbial community in &gt;250 μm aggregates, and by changing microbial community and organic C fractions in &lt;250 μm aggregates. Overall, long-term conservation tillage serves as an effective management strategy for the accumulation of SOC in rice-oilseed rape rotation systems. This approach holds significant importance for mitigating climate change and ensuring food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105848"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil microbes drive the negative effect of plant diversity on community stability in zokor-disturbed alpine grasslands","authors":"Chunping Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenshuang Yao ,&nbsp;Mengxuan He ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Yang ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpine grasslands are complex ecosystems where plant community stability is shaped by multiple biotic and abiotic factors. However, the underlying mechanisms of how plant-soil-microbe interactions influence plant community stability remain largely unexplored. To address this, we explored the relationships among soil nutrients, plant and microbial diversities, and plant community stability (measured as variation in plant aboveground biomass) along a secondary succession gradient of alpine grasslands disturbed by zokors, a subterranean rodent, on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. Our findings indicate that plant aboveground biomass, density, coverage, and α-diversity increased during the recovery of zokor-disturbed grassland. <em>Potentilla bifurca</em> was the dominant species, exhibiting the highest population density and the strongest niche overlaps with other species. Intriguingly, plant community stability declined as the grasslands recovered. Structural equation modeling revealed that changes in soil microbial α-diversity accounted for 57.0% of the variation in plant α-diversity, which subsequently explained 79.2% of the variation in plant community stability. Furthermore, the divergence of plant phylogenetic structure led to reduced plant species coexistence and increased plant stochastic assembly along the succession process. These findings indicate that increased soil microbial diversity promotes higher plant diversity, further lowering plant community stability. The recovery of zokor-disturbed grassland triggers complex interactions among plants, soil, and microbes, revealing how shifts in soil microbial diversity drive changes in plant community stability through interspecific competitive dynamics and phylogenetic structure. Our findings provide critical insights for future ecological restoration strategies, emphasizing the importance of considering microbial and plant diversity interactions in recovery planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105822"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthworms multi-biomarker approach for ecotoxicological assessment of soils irrigated with reused treated wastewater","authors":"Antonio Calisi ,&nbsp;Teodoro Semeraro ,&nbsp;Maria Elena Giordano ,&nbsp;Francesco Dondero ,&nbsp;Maria Giulia Lionetto","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water scarcity for crop production and the need to ensure environmental protection lead to the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation. However, the use of wastewater raises concerns about its quality and related toxicological and ecotoxicological risks. Ecotoxicity tests on soil organisms can offer an integrated assessment of the environmental adverse effects of bioavailable toxic substances in wastewater for irrigation. This work aims to investigate the assessment of ecotoxicity in agricultural soils irrigated with treated wastewater through a multi-biomarker approach in earthworms. In particular, molecular and cellular biomarkers (lysosomal membrane stability, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, GSH/GSSG, metallothionein, acethylcholinesterase) were measured, combined with acute and chronic toxicity tests on <em>Eisenia fetida</em> exposed to soil samples from agricultural fields irrigated with treated wastewater. Three experimental fields in Apulia, Italy, were irrigated with varying types of treated wastewater. Acute toxicity tests on <em>Eisenia fetida</em> exposed to the irrigated soils showed no significant mortality in any soils, while chronic toxicity was observed in fields irrigated with secondary-treated wastewater, but not in fields irrigated with tertiary-treated wastewater. Biomarkers indicated reduced lysosomal membrane stability, increased oxidative stress, and reduced acetylcholinesterase activity in worms exposed to secondary-treated wastewater. The results showed how the combined use of toxicity assays and biomarker analyses in soil bioindicator organisms allows the toxicity of soils irrigated with treated wastewater to be assessed, in order to provide an integrated measure of chemical pollutants bioavailable and their biological effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of a combination of maize/peanut intercropping and residue return on soil microbial nutrient limitation in maize fields","authors":"Fanyun Yao ,&nbsp;Wei Qi ,&nbsp;Yujun Cao ,&nbsp;Jie Liang ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiming Liu ,&nbsp;Yanjie Lv ,&nbsp;Wenwen Wei ,&nbsp;Wenhua Xu ,&nbsp;Yang Yu ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Jian Feng ,&nbsp;Yongjun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maize-leguminous intercropping (IN) and residue retention (RR) have been widely adopted to mitigate the negative effects of intensive agriculture on soil health. These practices can affect soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycles and their stoichiometric characteristics. However, the changes in soil fertility and microbial nutrient limitation under long-term IN and RR combined measures remain unclear. We investigated the covariance of soil-microbial-extracellular enzyme C, N, and P stoichiometric characteristics in maize fields based on a six-year maize/peanut IN system in northeast China. In addition, the energy (C) and nutrient (N, P) limitation of soil microorganisms was analyzed using the soil extracellular enzyme vector model. The results showed that (i). IN increased the SOC significantly. IN and RR increased the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents. Furthermore, the combined measures of both IN and RR were more effective in improving soil nutrient contents than single measures. RR significantly reduced the soil C:P and N:P ratios, while IN had no significant effect on these ratios. (ii). IN exerted a significant positive effect on the contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP). Concurrently, it led to a significant reduction in the ratios of MBC:MBN and MBC:MBP. In contrast, RR induced a significant increase in the content of MBN and the ratio of MBC:MBN, while significantly decreasing the ratio of MBN:MBP. (iii) IN significantly increased the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), β-1,4-<em>N</em>-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) + leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and alkaline phosphatase (AP), while RR only significantly raised the activity of BG. Moreover, significant interaction effects were observed between IN and RR with respect to the activities of BG, NAG + LAP, and AP. Additionally, both IN and RR significantly increased the ratios of BG:(NAG + LAP) and BG:AP, with significant interaction effects also being noted for these ratios. (iv) Soil microorganisms in the study area were jointly limited by C and N. Microbial N limitation was closely related to TC and TP as well as MBN and MBP. IN, RR, and their combined application improved soil nutrient, MBN, and MBP contents, thereby enhancing the availability of N elements and thus alleviating the microbial N limitation to a certain extent. In conclusion, in the black soil area of Northeast China, the combined measures of intercropping and residue retention have a positive impact on crucial soil fertility indicators, including SOC, TN and TP contents, as well as microbial biomass. Moreover, these combined measures also alleviate soil microbial N limitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105874"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of grafted scion varieties on apple root growth, carbon and nitrogen metabolism and microbiome in roots and rhizosphere soil","authors":"Huanhuan Zhang,&nbsp;Dongdong Yao,&nbsp;Guangxin Zhang,&nbsp;Hossam Salah Mahmoud Ali,&nbsp;Xujiao Li,&nbsp;Yanshu Li,&nbsp;Tianqiang Liang,&nbsp;Fengyun Zhao,&nbsp;Songlin Yu,&nbsp;Kun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grafting scions can significantly alter apple (<em>Malus</em> × <em>Domestica</em>) fruit quality and tree development. However, there is a lack of in-depth studies on the mechanism by which different scion varieties affect the root growth of apple rootstocks. In this study, young <em>Malus sieversii</em> trees were grafted with <em>Malus sieversii</em>, Hanfu, and Fuji scions. The effects of different scion varieties on carbon and nitrogen metabolism and the microbial community structure of the roots and rhizosphere soils of apple trees were analyzed using enzyme assay and high-throughput sequencing techniques. The three scion varieties effectively increased the root length, root surface area, and vessel diameter of the root tips of young apple trees, especially in the Hanfu treatment. Under different treatment conditions, significant differences were observed in nitrogen content and key enzyme activities involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the roots and rhizosphere soil of apple rootstocks, following this order: Hanfu &gt; Fuji &gt; <em>Malus sieversii</em>. Meanwhile, the Chao1 indices of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of apple rootstocks were greater than those in the roots. Further analysis revealed that the roots in the Hanfu treatment harbored abundant fungal genera such as <em>Lasiobolidium</em> and <em>Penicillium</em>, whereas the rhizosphere soil was enriched with the bacterial genus <em>Sphingomonas</em> and the fungal genus <em>Humicola.</em> Taken together, the results revealed that Hanfu scions alter carbon and nitrogen metabolism and the diversity and composition of microbial communities in the roots and rhizosphere soil, thereby enhancing root growth. Our findings provide novel insights into the impact of grafting scion varieties on underground microbial communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and assembly characteristics of periphyton microbes in subtropical paddy fields: A case study in Tuojia catchment in Southern China","authors":"Zongming Li ,&nbsp;Jie He ,&nbsp;Jianlin Shen ,&nbsp;Yanyan Li ,&nbsp;Quan Yuan ,&nbsp;Qihong Zhu ,&nbsp;Jinshui Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periphyton, comprising a group of bacteria, algae, fungi, and protozoa that grow on the surface of various substrates submerged in water, plays a crucial role in regulating nutrient cycles, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Determining the microbial assembly process and origin of paddy periphyton, thus, could help understand the function of periphyton in nutrient cycling. In the present study, we collected soil, overlying water, and periphyton samples from paddy fields in a small subtropical catchment in Tuojia, Southern China, to analyze the soil and microbial contribution to the source of periphyton and its assembly mechanisms using amplicon sequencing, SourceTracker, and iCAMP (Infer Community Assembly Mechanisms by Phylogenetic-bin-based null model analysis). Our data showed that periphyton were widely distributed in paddy fields, with lower bacterial alpha diversity and higher eukaryotic diversity than those in the soil, and the periphyton had abundant Cyanobacteria (13.5–33.5 %), Chlorophyta (23.3–90.0 %), Bacillariophyta (5.4–40.9 %), and Nematoda (1.3–17.3 %). Overlying water was an important source of periphyton eukaryotes than that of soil (63.7 % vs. 10.0 %); however, both overlying water and soil contributed equally to the periphyton bacterial sources (38.4 % vs. 41.6 %). The periphyton community assembly was primarily driven by homogeneous selection, dispersal limitation, and drift. Homogeneous selection (50.9 %) was more significant in shaping the eukaryotic community, whereas stochastic processes (i.e., dispersal limitation and drift; 61.5 %) were more dominant in shaping the periphyton bacterial community. Our data suggest eukaryotic and bacterial community in periphyton may be controlled by two main abiotic factors: soil ammonium (NH₄⁺-N) and Olsen phosphorus (Olsen-P). Our results reveal the potential contributions of paddy soil, overlying water, and ecological processes in shaping periphyton microbial communities in paddy fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 105839"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}