Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of microplastics on soil microbial necromass carbon and plant residual carbon","authors":"Ke Yang ,&nbsp;Yan Ma ,&nbsp;Hong Yu ,&nbsp;Bowen Lv ,&nbsp;Wenbing Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studying the effects of microplastics (MPs) on plant-derived carbon and microbial-derived carbon in soil is of great significance for understanding how polluted soil affects plant productivity, water quality maintenance, human health and climate change. This study compared the effects of various concentrations (0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, 2.0 %, and 2.5 %, <em>w</em>/w) of polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) MPs on soil plant- and microbial-derived carbon through a 35-day soil pot experiment and biomarker method. PLA MPs promoted phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). PE MPs significantly reduced PLFAs. PLA and PE reduced total amino sugars, glucosamine, galactosamine and muramic acid. PLA and PE MPs reduced microbial, bacterial, and fungal necromass carbon contents, which may be due to the promotion of rhizosphere priming effect by MPs, thereby accelerating the decomposition of microbial necromass carbon. PLA had a promoting or reducing effect on V-type phenols, S-type phenols, C-type phenols, and total lignin phenols, while PE had a reducing effect on them. The reason may be that PE indirectly leads to a decrease in plant derived carbon by reducing soil total nitrogen, hydrolytic nitrogen, cation exchange capacity, etc. In general, PLA promoted the contribution of plant residual carbon to soil organic carbon (SOC), and decreased the contribution of microbial necromass to SOC. PE decreased the contribution of plant residual and microbial necromass to SOC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term survival of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum sclerotia and Verticillium longisporum microsclerotia in soil and the effects of soil depth, soil temperature, and a biocontrol agent","authors":"Sarenqimuge Sarenqimuge,&nbsp;Birger Koopmann,&nbsp;Andreas von Tiedemann","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This long-term study, conducted over 6 to 12 years in two locations in Germany, investigates the longevity of dormant structures of two significant soil-borne pathogens - <em>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</em> and <em>Verticillium longisporum -</em> under different conditions in soil in the field, considering exposure duration, soil depth, soil temperature, and a biocontrol agent. When sclerotia of <em>S. sclerotiorum</em> were buried free in soil a significant reduction in viability occurred within the first year, declining to about 20 %, with retrieval rates dropping to 30 %. However, in another experiment when sclerotia were exposed in litter bags, they persisted for more than four years, with viability still above 45 % and retrieval rates reaching up to 64 %, indicating a crucial role of the soil arthropods in degradation Soil depth did not significantly affect longevity, but elevated soil temperatures were associated with higher survival, suggesting that climate warming could exacerbate inoculum persistence. Biocontrol trials with <em>Coniothyrium minitans</em> (Contans®WG) revealed that, without application, sclerotial viability and retrieval rates remained as high as 90 % in the first year, while with its application, these rates dropped to below 4 % within the same time. For <em>V. longisporum</em>, microsclerotial viability declined with a significant drop after one year. Soil depth and soil temperature had no consistent effect on survival of microsclerotia, although an interaction between year and soil depth was noted. Despite overall reductions, a small but viable portion of inoculum from both pathogens persisted until the end of the experiments after 6 to 12 years. These findings highlight the long-term risks posed by these soilborne pathogens and imply that even long crop rotation cycles with non-susceptible crops are not sufficient to completely eradicate these pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of microbial necromass to soil organic carbon and its influencing factors during plantation recovery in a subtropical rocky desertification region","authors":"Junjie Lei ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Gao ,&nbsp;Ting He ,&nbsp;Zongxin Liu ,&nbsp;Wende Yan ,&nbsp;Peng Dang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) constitutes a significant portion of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the contribution of MNC to SOC under different plantation recovery patterns in rocky desertification ecosystems remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated MNC, along with its associated soil carbon (C) fractions, available nutrients, and microbial community composition across five stand types and unafforested land (control) in the Wuling Mountains of subtropical China. Establishing mixed forest and <em>Cinnamomum camphora</em> forest significantly increased SOC stock compared to the control. The highest microbial community biomass and MNC content were observed in the <em>Cinnamomum camphora</em> forest, being 1.64 and 1.16 times higher than the control, respectively. Soil fungal community biomass was lower than that of bacteria across all stand types, yet fungi contributed the majority of MNC (80.1 %). The contribution of MNC to SOC in the five stand types ranged from 31.7 % to 43.6 %, which was lower than in the control. Control soils, with low input of plant-derived organic matter, exhibited higher necromass accumulation coefficients (NAC). SOC content, microbial community biomass, and MNC content decreased with soil depth, whereas NAC and the contribution of MNC to SOC showed an opposite trends. The random forest and variance partitioning analyses revealed that soil available nitrogen, SOC, and fungal and bacterial community biomass were the primary drivers of MNC accumulation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with their interactions explaining 83 % of the variance in MNC accumulation. Our findings demonstrate that afforestation enhances SOC stock in rocky desertification ecosystems, with microbial community biomass and necromass playing crucial roles in C transformation and sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial effect on soil organic carbon accumulation and stabilization is lithology-depend in subtropical coniferous forest","authors":"Tao Yang ,&nbsp;Liang Dong ,&nbsp;Haoran Zhang ,&nbsp;Chenghao Zheng ,&nbsp;Jinxing Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiawei Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithology plays a crucial role in controlling the soil carbon (C) pool in forest ecosystems. The dynamics of soil organic C (SOC) are significantly influenced by the composition and function of the soil microbial community. However, the mechanisms by which lithology influences SOC and the involvement of microbes in this process remain unclear. To assess both the accrual and stability of SOC, we analyzed its content and physical composition by fractionating it into labile particulate organic C (POC) and stable mineral-associated organic C (MAOC). The study was conducted in two representative plantation coniferous forests developed on karst (limestone) and non-karst (shale) soils, with the aim of elucidating potential microbial regulatory mechanisms underlying lithology-mediated differences in SOC dynamics. Our findings revealed that SOC concentration was significantly higher in karst soils compared to non-karst soils at both depths, primarily due to the greater accumulation of MAOC, while lithology had a different effect on POC between topsoil and subsoil. Interestingly, the ratio of MAOC to POC was higher in karst soils compared to non-karst forests only in subsoils. These results imply the crucial role of lithology on SOC accrual and stability in coniferous forests. Soil nutrients stoichiometry, pH and exchangeable calcium ions (Ca²⁺) have exerted influence over microbial community composition, whereas microbial biodiversity and life history strategies only affected by soil nutrients. Additionally, structural equation modeling analyses revealed that lithology exerts a stronger influence on SOC than tree species, as lithology affects soil nutrient availability, thereby indirectly regulating the microbial impact on SOC accumulation. Nonetheless, both tree species and lithology significantly influence Ca²⁺, which indirectly promote SOC accumulation by enhancing the stability of SOC pool. Collectively, our study highlights the key role of lithology in SOC stability and accrual, providing a lithology-dependent linkage between microbial communities and the soil C pool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization enhances soil nitrogen mineralization mainly by increasing particulate organic nitrogen fractions in urban park greenspaces: A case study in Hangzhou, China","authors":"Bo Fan ,&nbsp;Yuye Shen ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Liming Yin ,&nbsp;Kumuduni Niroshika Palansooriya ,&nbsp;Yongfu Li ,&nbsp;Bing Yu ,&nbsp;Scott X. Chang ,&nbsp;Yanjiang Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In addition to the direct input of inorganic nitrogen (N), the supply of plant-available N driven by soil organic N mineralization is crucial for the development of urban greenspaces, which are essential components of urban ecosystems. Soil N mineralization may vary with urbanization, but the responses of soil N mineralization to different urbanization intensities remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the responses of urban park soil (planted with trees, shrubs or grasses) N mineralization to different urbanization intensities (low, medium and high) in Hangzhou, China. To further evaluate the relative importance of soil organic N fractions in explaining variations in N mineralization, we analyzed the responses of soil particulate organic N (PON) and mineral-associated organic N (MAON) to different urbanization intensities, as well as their relationships with N mineralization. Our results indicated that soil N mineralization increased with increasing urbanization intensity, likely due to increases in soil organic carbon concentration, clay content, microbial biomass and activity under high urbanization intensity. Notably, compared to soil MAON, the increase in soil PON induced by urbanization was more pronounced, and its relationship with soil N mineralization was stronger. Furthermore, soil N mineralization and its relationships with soil organic N fractions varied substantially among different vegetation types. These findings suggest that researchers and urban planners should evaluate the N supply mineralized from soil organic N fractions, particularly PON fractions, to optimize N and vegetation management strategies in urban greenspaces under different urbanization intensities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lupin-barley intercropping: Root to root interactions drive nitrogen transfer from legume to cereal","authors":"Anna Massa ,&nbsp;Marta Gil-Martinez ,&nbsp;Anders Michelsen ,&nbsp;Dorte Bodin Dresbøll ,&nbsp;Rasmus Kjøller","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intercropping cereals and legumes is a means to reduce fertilizer input in agriculture. Transfer of biologically fixed N often occurs in cereal-legume intercropping and this study aims to understand the mechanism behind. Lupins are legumes of agronomical interest due to their high protein content and effective soil P extraction. However, as lupins are commonly described as non-mycorrhizal the transfer route of N from lupin to barley remains to be elucidated. We investigated the growth and nutrient content of barley intercropped with lupins, to test whether transfer of symbiotically fixed N from lupins to barley occurs, with focus on any role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in this transfer.</div><div>Lupin species and barley were grown in pots (as sole crop or intercropped) ± mesh enclosures restricting mycelial and/or root growth between compartments. Plant growth and AM fungal root colonization were recorded, and plant ¹⁵N natural abundance was measured to determine potential transfer routes of fixed N from lupin to barley.</div><div>Intercropped treatments showed increased barley growth and N contents, most pronounced if root-root intermingling of the two species was allowed. Also, ¹⁵N natural abundance in plants corroborated N transfer from lupins to barley. As lupin roots remained non-mycorrhizal, even in presence of a mycorrhizal donor plant, hyphal translocation of N was unlikely.</div><div>We conclude that N transfer from non-mycorrhizal lupins to mycorrhizal barley primarily occurred through bulk flow, stimulated by interspecific root-to-root contact. This may contribute to the success of lupin and barley intercropping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106069"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angelica cultivation and mycorrhizal inoculation improve microbial diversity, functions and network complexity of trace elements-polluted soil: A three-year field study","authors":"Julien Langrand ,&nbsp;Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui ,&nbsp;Papa Mamadou Sitor Ndour ,&nbsp;Frédéric Laruelle ,&nbsp;Natacha Facon ,&nbsp;Jérôme Duclercq ,&nbsp;Joël Fontaine","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing aromatic and medicinal plants for producing essential oils has been presented as an innovative and economically viable alternative for phytomanaging soils polluted by trace elements (TE). However, the influence of aromatic plants, particularly angelica cultivation, on the soil microbial communities has received little attention. Thus, this work is aimed at studying changes in the biomass, composition, functional diversity, and network complexity of soil bacterial and fungal communities during three years of cultivation. Although growing angelica had little effect on fungal richness and diversity, the biomass and diversity of bacterial communities increased, as did the complexity of interactions between various microorganisms in the polluted soil compared to the initial state. Saprotrophic fungi became significantly more abundant after angelica cultivation, contributing to increased soil organic carbon and organic matter content. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation enhanced microbial network complexity from the year 2. Finally, an improvement in the abundance of functional genes linked to the carbon cycle was demonstrated. The findings evidenced the ecological requalification of TE-polluted soil thanks to the angelica cultivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nematode communities respond more to N enrichment than to plant community changes over decades in tallgrass prairie","authors":"T.C. Todd ,&nbsp;J.M. Blair ,&nbsp;M.A. Callaham Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperate grasslands such as the North American tallgrass prairie are among the most endangered terrestrial ecosystems due to changes in climate and land-use practices. While belowground responses of terrestrial ecosystems to perturbations have received greater attention in recent years, there is a dearth of long-term studies documenting changes over decadal scales. The current study addresses the long-term effects of fire (annual burning or fire exclusion), mowing, and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization on the structure and composition of a tallgrass prairie nematode community after 32 years of experimental treatments. Fire exclusion resulted in conversion of grassland to woodland, and a general decrease in nematode population densities, while annual prescribed fire maintained a grassland state. Although the change in vegetative state affected overall nematode abundance, vegetative structure was not the major driver of nematode community composition. Rather, changes in nitrogen availability appeared to be the dominant driver of nematode community dynamics. Responses of herbivorous taxa were dominated by interactions among burning, mowing, and N fertilization treatments and varied across taxonomic groups, but a general pattern of increasing relative abundances with N fertilization was observed, particularly in the presence of annual burning or mowing. In contrast, the relative abundance of the fungivorous Tylenchidae, the dominant nematode family in terms of abundance, declined from 44 % to 26 % after 32 years of N enrichment, while fire exclusion favored the opportunistic bacterivorous Rhabditidae. Although higher trophic level responses were generally uninformative, our results confirmed the value of nematode community analysis in soil food web diagnostics, with fungivore to bacterivore ratios and the maturity index (MI) identified as useful community indices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106096"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compost, digestate, and vermicompost from the recycling of urban biowaste have different impacts on earthworm behavior: A mesocosm study","authors":"Vincent Ducasse ,&nbsp;Line Capowiez ,&nbsp;Joséphine Peigne ,&nbsp;Yvan Capowiez","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The valorization of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) is mandatory in Europe since 2024. Composting, anaerobic digestion (AD), and vermicomposting are the techniques most commonly used for recycling OFMSW. When applied to soil, these products can have different effects on earthworms with either positive (food effect) or negative effects (toxic or repellent effect). We thus carried out a laboratory experiment to assess their influence on different facets of the earthworm behavior (bioturbation and cast production) for two earthworm species (<em>Lumbricus terrestris</em> and <em>Aporrectodea caliginosa</em>) currently found in arable lands. Mesocosms (30 cm depth and 16 cm diameter) were filled with soil from a field crop each product was mixed with soil at two doses: equivalent to 80 kg of N per hectare (normal practice for wheat crop) and 160 kg. N.ha⁻¹. Barium sulfate was also spread at 2.5 cm depth (i.e. between the two soil layers containing the products) as a contrast agent visible in X-ray tomography. After 2 months, the burrowing activity of earthworms within mesocosms was analyzed using X-ray tomography, surface casts were collected, and earthworms weighed. With compost, <em>L. terrestris</em> burrowed closer to the surface (in the 0–5 cm layer) compared to when in the presence of vermicompost and digestate (with 0.85, 0.55, and 0.29 cm³ of burrows, respectively). Moreover, signs of avoidance were detected for this species when digestate was present with deeper burrows (in a 15–25 cm layer). With compost, <em>A. caliginosa</em> burrowed more compared to when in the presence of vermicompost and digestate (with 3.22, 2.64, and 0.97 cm³, in the totality of mesocosm respectively). Digestate has no negative impact on the behavior of <em>A. caliginosa</em>. Barium enables the characterization of the ingestion and displacement of the soil layer containing the products. The displaced volumes were in the following order Compost &gt; Vermicompost &gt; Digestate with larger effects for the 160 than for the 80 kg.N.ha⁻¹ dose. Globally, compost had higher and positive effects for both species activities whereas digestate showed some negative impact on L. <em>terrestris</em> only<em>.</em> Vermicompost had positive effects but less marked than those of compost. These effects should however still be validated under field conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential effect of biogas slurry application to mitigate of peak N2O emission without compromising crop yield in North China Plain cropping systems","authors":"Zhichao Zou ,&nbsp;Yue Li ,&nbsp;Xueqin Ren ,&nbsp;Zichao Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhangliu Du ,&nbsp;Di Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogas slurry (BS) produced from anaerobic digestion of livestock manure can be benefit for crop yields and soil fertility in cropping systems as compared to sole synthetic fertilization, but its impact on nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions is inconsistent in the literatures. The North China Plain (NCP) serves as a vital agricultural region in China, contributing approximately 40 % of the nation's total wheat and maize production. However, owing to the lack of relevant field studies, the understanding of how BS affects crop yield and N₂O emissions in NCP remains unclear. Here, we assessed the effects of BS substitution (0 % substitution, CF; 50 % substitution, 50%BS; 100 % substitution, 100%BS) on the amount and sources of N₂O emissions by monitoring N₂O fluxes combined with the isotopomer ratios of soil-derived N₂O in the NCP. The results showed that, compared with the control, CF, 50 % BS, and 100 % BS significantly increased wheat grain yield by 66.1 %–67.9 % and silage maize yield by 46.3 %–53.3 %, respectively. Compared with CF, 50%BS reduced N₂O emissions by 40.1 % in the wheat season and by 35.5 % maize season, while 100%BS reduced N₂O emissions by 31.9 % in the wheat season and by 49.2 % in the maize season. Further site preference analysis revealed that nitrification and fungal denitrification together contributed to 40.3–44.9 % of the peak N₂O emissions in CF, 50%BS, and 100%BS, with no significant differences in SP values among them. Compared with CF, 100%BS significantly reduced the copy numbers of AOB-<em>amoA</em>, <em>nirK</em>, and <em>nirS</em> by 65 %, 41 %, and 35 %, respectively, which may be key factors in reducing N₂O emissions. Our results showed that the partial substitution of chemical fertilizers with BS is an efficacious practice for maintaining crop yields while simultaneously reducing N₂O emissions in the NCP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}