Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Microbial inoculants drive disease suppression and rhizosphere modulation for effective management of pepper phytophthora blight","authors":"Muye Xiao ,&nbsp;Xuchen Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaozhong Wang ,&nbsp;Wencai Lu ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuheng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peppers (<em>Capsicum annuum</em> L.) are globally important vegetable crops, yet their production is often compromised by diseases like pepper Phytophthora blight (PPB). Microbial inoculants offer a promising strategy to enhance plant growth and prevent pathogen invasion by establishing diverse core microbial communities in the rhizosphere. This study investigated the efficacy of microbial inoculants, particularly <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> and <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em>, in controlling PPB and enhancing pepper growth under both greenhouse and field conditions. Both individual and combined applications of <em>B. subtilis</em> and <em>T. harzianum</em> significantly suppressed PPB and improved pepper yield. Furthermore, we assessed how these inoculants influenced soil microbial diversity and community structure, identifying key components of the soil microbiome that contribute to disease suppression. The observed suppression of pathogens and promotion of growth were primarily associated with the recruitment of beneficial microbial groups, such as <em>Agromyces</em>, <em>Nocardiopsis</em>, <em>MND1</em>, <em>Gaiella</em>, <em>Iamia</em>, <em>Massilia</em>, <em>Micromonospora</em>, <em>Fusarium</em>, <em>Gibberella</em>, and <em>Gibellulopsis</em>. These findings suggest that microbial inoculants, particularly in combination, can effectively manage PPB and enhance crop productivity through modulation of the rhizosphere microbiome. This study provides valuable insights into the application of microbial inoculants for sustainable pepper production and disease management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 105971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Straw amendment induced contrasting net carbon balance in subtropical paddy and adjacent upland soils","authors":"Ping Zhou ,&nbsp;Xue Li ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Lai ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Guo ,&nbsp;Jinshui Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in agricultural fields is of vital importance to mitigate climate change. Straw amendment is a promising practice for improving SOC sequestration through direct input of organic materials. Subtropical paddy soils have higher SOC levels than upland soils, but whether or not the decomposition of straw C and the net soil C balance contribute to higher SOC levels in paddy soils remains unknown. Here, two typical subtropical paddy soils derived from highly weathered granite and quaternary red clay, as well as adjacent upland soils, were incubated at 25 °C and 45 % water holding capacity for 180 days. Two treatments of soil alone (Control) and soil with straw amendment (M) were conducted. About 18–21 % of straw C evolved as CO₂ in paddy soils, which was significantly lower than in upland soils (23–28 %). Additionally, straw amendment induced weaker priming effect (PE) in paddy (5–9 %) than in upland (17–37 %) soils. However, more straw C was incorporated into SOC in paddy (29–33 %) than in upland (26–29 %) soils. Consequently, straw C led to a positive net C balance in paddy soils (from 128 to 372 mg C kg⁻¹), but a negative net C balance in upland soils (from −313 to −111 mg C kg⁻¹). The straw C incorporated into SOC was distributed mainly in the humus C, Fe/Al–SOC, particulate organic C fractions, and macro-aggregates (2000–250 μm),with higher proportions of 14–15 %, 17–24 %, 15–21 %, and 10–13 % in paddy than those of 11–13 %, 13–18 %, 9–17 %, and 3–7 % in upland soils, respectively. Straw amendment to subtropical paddy soils may offset the SOC losses and result in net SOC sequestration via the reduction of substrate mineralization, weaker PE, and stronger physicochemical protection of SOC than in upland soils. On the contrary, straw amendment to subtropical upland soils is not conducive to SOC sequestration. This study highlights the contrasting roles of straw decomposition in subtropical paddy and upland soils. It suggests that straw amendment is a reasonable management practice to improve net SOC accumulation in paddy soils, but this practice may not be suitable in upland soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization improved crop yield by influencing rhizosphere nitrogen transformation processes","authors":"Chunxiao Wu ,&nbsp;Furong Wei ,&nbsp;Benshuai Yan ,&nbsp;Guobin Liu ,&nbsp;Guoliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil nitrogen (N) transformation plays a crucial role in enhancing farmland productivity. However, the impacts of long-term N and phosphorus (P) fertilization on soil N transformation and crop yield in farmland remain unclear. This study investigated the mechanisms by which crop root exudates, microbial N function genes, and soil N transformation characteristics influenced crop yield under different N and P fertilization regimes over 26 years. The results revealed that long-term N and P fertilization significantly increased millet root exudates and soil nutrient contents. Specifically, dicarboxylic acid exudates, total N, and ammonium N prominently affected the composition of microbial N function genes. Moreover, N and P fertilization markedly increased the abundance of genes responsible for soil N fixation and nitrification. The abundance of soil nitrification (<em>amoA1</em>, <em>amoA2</em>, and <em>nxrA</em>) and ammonification (<em>ureC</em>) functional genes substantially influenced soil nitrification and N mineralization rates. Enhanced soil N transformation rates facilitated N uptake of millet, and crop yield increased with the increasing of soil N transformation rates and nitrification genes abundance. Essentially, long-term N and P fertilization increased crop yield mainly by enhancing the root organic acid exudates, increasing the abundance of functional genes such as <em>amoA2</em>, <em>nxrA</em>, and <em>ureC</em>, and elevating soil available N content. This study emphasizes the importance of the rhizosphere N transformation process for the sustainable agricultural development of the Loess Plateau region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 105968"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opposing island biogeographic effects of turnover and nestedness on beta-diversity of soil faunal communities between woodland and deforested grassland","authors":"Zengyan Li ,&nbsp;Zengke Zhang ,&nbsp;Anna Yang ,&nbsp;Sufeng Pan ,&nbsp;Junyong Zheng ,&nbsp;Ling Mou ,&nbsp;Wensheng Chen ,&nbsp;Tian Zhang ,&nbsp;Liyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Wenhui You ,&nbsp;David A. Wardle ,&nbsp;En-Rong Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human land use intensification is increasing biodiversity loss worldwide through fragmenting contiguous natural habitats into spatially isolated patches of varying sizes. However, it is poorly known as to how the area and isolation of patches operate to jointly alter biological community composition for contrasting land use types, particularly for belowground organisms. Oceanic islands that vary in human activities provide an ideal model system for examining how patch area and isolation affects community dissimilarity resulting from land use change. We conducted a paired sampling design that included both natural woodland (i.e. land covered with woody plants, including trees and shrubs) and degraded grassland for each of 20 islands differing in area and remoteness in the largest archipelago of Eastern China. We used this design to investigate how island area and remoteness shape the community dissimilarity of soil fauna between woodland and grassland directly and indirectly through changing climatic and habitat properties. The dissimilarity of soil fauna communities for each island was estimated by measuring total beta (β) diversity and its turnover and nestedness components between woodland and grassland. We found that land use change did not decrease taxa richness but did alter community composition overall. There was no relationship of island area with community dissimilarity when it was estimated by total β-diversity, due to contrasting responses of its turnover and nestedness components to island area. Soil faunal compositional dissimilarity between woodland and grassland along the area gradient was mainly related to the gain and loss of unique taxa in grassland. On small islands, nestedness was the primary contributor to total β-diversity, due to a loss of soil fauna taxa as habitats shifted from woodland to grassland, and suggests that natural habitats serve as refuges for soil organisms. Meanwhile on larger islands, turnover was the main contributor to total β-diversity, suggesting that diverse land uses can increase biodiversity across habitats. Additionally, high habitat differences combined with favorable climatic conditions (such as low wind speed) on larger islands facilitated species turnover but diminished nestedness. Meanwhile island remoteness did not affect total β-diversity or its components, but it did significantly enhance the negative impact of land-use conversion on the abundance of larger-bodied taxa. These findings suggest that island area, and therefore landscape patch area, play a crucial role in shaping the dissimilarity of soil faunal communities that stem from human land use change. Our results highlight that partitioning total β-diversity into its turnover and nestedness components is essential for understanding the impact of land use change on soil faunal community composition in fragmented habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms overwhelm denitrifiers in determining the efficacy of DMPP in upland soils","authors":"Jilin Lei ,&nbsp;Donghan Yang ,&nbsp;Yingying Sun ,&nbsp;Saihong Wang ,&nbsp;Qianyi Fan ,&nbsp;Junhui Yin ,&nbsp;Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Qing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) like 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) in agricultural systems can effectively reduce nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and nitrate (NO₃⁻) leaching, but their effectiveness varies across different soils. This microcosm experiment evaluated the efficacy of DMPP and its impact on soil microbial communities in four upland soils in Northern China (Tianshui: TS, Shihezi: SHZ, Heze: HZ and Daxing: DX). Results indicated that DMPP exhibits varying inhibitory effects on N₂O emissions across different soils. The key microbes mediating N₂O emissions, particularly ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), are the primary contributors to this variability. Specifically, DMPP led to a substantial reduction in N₂O emissions in TS soil, inhibiting 81.3 % of emissions by suppressing both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). In SHZ soil, a 56.5 % reduction was observed, primarily attributed to decreased AOB <em>amo</em>A abundance. DX soil exhibited a 48.6 % reduction, linked to decreased AOA <em>amo</em>A abundance and an increase in <em>nos</em>Z-N₂O reducers. Conversely, HZ soil showed the lowest reduction at 27.7 %, where DMPP stimulated the abundance of <em>nir</em>S-type denitrifiers while inhibiting unclassified Nitrosomonadales, the dominant AOB genus, which correlated positively with the net nitrification rate. Additionally, DMPP positively influenced norank Crenarchaeota-AOA in TS soil, and <em>Bradyrhizobium</em>-<em>nos</em>Z and <em>Saccharothrix</em>-<em>nar</em>G in HZ soil, all negatively associated with N₂O emissions. Soil properties such as total nitrogen, organic matter (SOM), ammonium (NH₄⁺), pH, and available phosphorus (AP) levels significantly shaped microbial responses to DMPP. These findings underscore the importance of soil-specific characteristics in optimizing DMPP application strategies for reducing N₂O emissions in upland soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potassium organomineral fertilizer alters the microbiome of a sandy loam tropical soil","authors":"Caroline Figueiredo Oliveira ,&nbsp;Lucas William Mendes ,&nbsp;Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil fertility depends on a series of physical, chemical, and biological factors that interact to create an environment favorable to plant growth. In conditions of low fertility, mineral and organic fertilizers are commonly used in agricultural systems. However, studies on the impact of these fertilizers on the soil microbiota are limited, particularly those focusing on fertilizers containing potassium, a crucial plant macronutrient. In this study, we evaluated how potassium organomineral fertilizer (OMF) influences soil bacterial and fungal communities compared to potassium chloride (KCl), a conventional agricultural source in the humid tropics. Both the conventional particle size and the ground form used to produce OMF were examined. Samples of a sandy loam Typic Hapludox were incubated with the fertilizers, and the bacterial and fungal communities were assessed through sequencing of the 16S rRNA and ITS regions, respectively. OMF reduced the richness and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities, and this effect was attributed to the nutrient composition of OMF, rich in calcium and magnesium, which were absent in other treatments. Different fertilizers selected specific bacterial and fungal phyla, demonstrating their ability to influence community structure. Notably, OMF favored Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota, while KCl increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes. The granulometry of KCl also influenced the soil microbial community, with smaller granules having greater soil contact, thus affecting chemical conditions and microbial composition. The OMF treatment enriched several bacterial genera, including <em>Microvirga</em>, <em>Phenylobacterium</em>, and <em>Azospirillum</em>, while increasing only the fungal genus <em>Ascobolus</em>. While OMF application reduced microbial richness and diversity, it favored specific microbial groups beneficial for agriculture, such as those involved in organic compound degradation and nitrogen cycling. These compositional changes may have significant implications for nutrient cycling and soil organic matter decomposition, highlighting the need for further studies to understand the underlying mechanisms and broader ecological impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105960"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of shrub branch shelter and nitrogen addition on soil microbial activity and plant litter decomposition in a desert steppe","authors":"Xiongkui Lin ,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Schneider ,&nbsp;Stephen J. Morreale ,&nbsp;Hongmei Wang ,&nbsp;Jianping Li ,&nbsp;Zhigang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shrub encroachment and nitrogen (N) deposition have become two critical factors that cause global grassland ecosystems degradation. However, the combined effects of shrub branch shelter and N deposition on soil microbial activity and litter decomposition in grasslands remain obscure. This study adopted four branch shelter levels of 0 % (no shelter), 30 %, 50 % and 70 % as the main plots, and four N additions including 0 g m⁻² a⁻¹, 10 g m⁻² a⁻¹, 20 g m⁻² a⁻¹ and 40 g m⁻² a⁻¹ as subplots in a Northwest China desert steppe. Subsequently, soil temperature, soil moisture, pH, N content, activities of C and N cycling-related enzymes, and microbial community structure between 0 and 5 cm were determined post 2 years, and litter decomposition from dominant plants was also determined. The results demonstrated that N additions increased the soil inorganic N content, but decreased soil pH value. However, branch shelters enhanced soil moisture, yet had no effect on soil pH value and N content. As results, N additions inhibited soil N cycling-related enzyme activities, but branch shelters accelerated the activities of the most tested extracellular enzymes. Branch shelters also presented opposite potentials to N additions in affecting soil microbial community structure. Overall, shrub shelters counteracted the negative effects of nitrogen deposition on soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure. Consequently, both branch shelter and N addition promoted litter decomposition. Therefore, branch shelter could be used as feasible measures to restore degraded grasslands caused by shrub encroachment and N deposition in arid and semiarid areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape fragmentation impacts springtail community assembly in subtropical agroecosystems","authors":"Douglas Alexandre ,&nbsp;Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho ,&nbsp;Dennis Goss-Souza ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Lovatel ,&nbsp;Pâmela Niederauer Pompeo ,&nbsp;Marcos Benedito Shimalski ,&nbsp;Dilmar Baretta ,&nbsp;Osmar Klauberg-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the impact of landscape fragmentation on springtail (Collembola) communities in subtropical regions. We collected soil core samples across landscapes with Low, Medium, and High fragmentation levels. Springtail morphotypes were identified and characterized using the Eco-Morphological Index (EMI), incorporating physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of the soil and litter. Our findings reveal a negative impact of fragmentation on springtail diversity. Landscapes with lower fragmentation exhibited higher beta diversity, indicating a more diverse and distinct assemblage of morphotypes. This pattern persisted across two sampling periods. Additionally, these landscapes shared a greater proportion of morphotypes with those of intermediate fragmentation compared to highly fragmented areas, highlighting the importance of habitat connectivity. Specialist morphotypes, which occur in less than one-third of the samples within a specific habitat type, were more prevalent in less fragmented areas, suggesting their vulnerability to habitat disturbances associated with fragmentation. Notably, specialist morphotypes (Ed1 and Ed8) were found exclusively in less fragmented landscapes during the first sampling. In addition, our findings reveal a positive correlation between geographic distance and community dissimilarity at the regional scale, with the highest beta diversity observed in the least fragmented landscape. Overall, this study provides compelling evidence that landscape fragmentation negatively impacts springtail communities, affecting their diversity, structure, and niche occupancy. These findings emphasize the importance of considering fragmentation in conservation practices to protect springtail biodiversity and maintain healthy ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comammox Nitrospira and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are metabolically active in a subtropical estuarine wetland","authors":"Mengmeng Feng ,&nbsp;Yongxin Lin ,&nbsp;Guiping Ye ,&nbsp;Zi-Yang He ,&nbsp;Dong Zhu ,&nbsp;Hang-Wei Hu ,&nbsp;Yuheng Cheng ,&nbsp;Fengyi Han ,&nbsp;Ping Yang ,&nbsp;Ji-Zheng He","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant species profoundly influence soil microorganisms, yet their impact on active ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms remains largely unclear in subtropical estuarine wetlands. Here, we employed DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) technique to identify the active ammonia oxidizers under two typical plant species, <em>Phragmites australis</em> and <em>Spartina alterniflora</em>, as well as on a bare tidal flat in the Min River estuary. Our results revealed that comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) rather than archaea (AOA) were metabolically active in the <em>P. australis</em> and bare tidal flat soils. However, in <em>S. alterniflora</em> soils, the activity of ammonia oxidizers was inhibited, highlighting the critical role of plant species in shaping their community. The active ammonia oxidizers were primarily dominated by <em>Nitrosomonas</em> for AOB and clade A.1 for comammox <em>Nitrospira</em>. In comparison, bare tidal flat soils had a lower proportion of <em>Nitrosospira</em> and a higher relative abundance of comammox <em>Nitrospira</em> clade A.2 than those associated with <em>P. australis</em>. Taken together, our findings emphasize the importance of AOB and comammox <em>Nitrospira</em>, rather than AOA, in the nitrification processes within coastal wetlands, and underscore the critical role of plant species as a mediator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the plant growth promotion and the antifungal potency against maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides by desert-derived endophytes Bacillus subtilis RA15 and Bacillus tequilensis FC6 and their lipopeptides","authors":"Vanessa Nya Dinango ,&nbsp;Hanen Dhouib ,&nbsp;Lobna Jlail ,&nbsp;Slim Tounsi ,&nbsp;Fabrice Fekam Boyom ,&nbsp;Louise Nana Wakam ,&nbsp;Olfa Frikha-Gargouri","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the potential of two novel bacteria <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> RA15 and <em>Bacillus tequilensis</em> FC6 screened <em>in vivo</em> for their ability to protect maize plants against <em>Fusarium verticillioides</em> and to enhance plant growth. Both bacterial strains demonstrated significant growth inhibition of <em>F. verticillioides in vitro,</em> as evidenced by inhibition zones and mycelial morphology changes. Additionally, cyclic lipopeptides, including iturin and fengycin, known for their antimicrobial properties, were detected in purified extracts from cell-free supernatants of strain cultures and from treated maize plants. Interestingly, <em>in vivo</em> experiments on maize seeds using lipopeptide extracts at the lower concentration tested (10 mg/L), especially from FC6 not only provided significant protection against the disease comparable to that of the chemical control (55 % and 51 % for strain FC6 and the control, respectively), but also significantly improved maize shoot and root lengths (660 % and 191 %) and weights (371 % and 205 %, respectively). These findings suggest a direct relationship between the produced lipopeptides and the biocontrol and growth promotion capacity of RA15 and FC6 strains. Overall, <em>B. subtilis</em> RA15, <em>B. tequilensis</em> FC6, and their antifungal compounds hold great promise as biocontrol agents for managing Fusarium ear and root rot disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}