Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Cessation of manure application diminishes the dissemination potential of antibiotic resistance genes by altering bacterial interaction patterns in soil–lettuce systems","authors":"Ruochen Li ,&nbsp;Xin Pei ,&nbsp;Ming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuhui Deng ,&nbsp;Chengyuan Tao ,&nbsp;Jiabao Wang ,&nbsp;Xueli Chen ,&nbsp;Nicholas Clarke ,&nbsp;Lidia Sas-Paszt ,&nbsp;Zongzhuan Shen ,&nbsp;Rong Li ,&nbsp;Qirong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of livestock manure is a common waste utilization measure that can increase soil fertility and crop yields, but the antibiotics and resistance genes involved result in a potential threat to human health and animal welfare. Here, lettuce, a widely popular edible vegetable, was selected as a model with which to investigate the effects of long-term application (FM) and temporary cessation (cessation) of fresh chicken manure on the distribution and movement of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil-root-plant system to elucidate the bottleneck in assessing the health risks of manure application. ARGs associated with 13 antibiotics and 384 subtypes in soil were quantitatively analyzed via high-throughput qPCR, and the results revealed that cessation treatment significantly affected the patterns of bacteria, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and ARGs in the soil, leaves and roots in the soil–lettuce cropping system compared with FM treatment. Cessation of manure application reduced the abundance of ARGs by 34.0 %, 53.7 %, and 23.9 % in the bulk soil, rhizosphere soil, and leaves, respectively. Correlation network and source-tracking analyses of ARGs and bacteria within leaves and roots revealed that cessation treatment reduced the diffusion of ARGs and bacteria within leaves and roots into adjacent sites, and partial least squares path model (PLSPM) analysis indicated that FM treatment indirectly affected the pattern of ARGs in soil by influencing the bacterial community and soil properties, which play key roles in the distribution of ARGs. In summary, we investigated the driving mechanism of the effects of manure on the microbial community and ARG spectrum in a soil–lettuce planting system, and the results can support strategies for managing the spread of ARGs in the soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 106100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic carbon mineralization and its temperature response of soil organic matter fractions in the Yellow River estuary wetland","authors":"Guowei Lu ,&nbsp;Jisong Yang ,&nbsp;Qixuan Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhikang Wang ,&nbsp;Xuehong Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Guan ,&nbsp;Di Zhou ,&nbsp;Kai Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The temperature response of carbon dynamics varies with soil organic matter (SOM) fractions, which is of great significance for a better understanding of carbon–climate feedback. However, it is currently unclear how the mineralization-temperature response of SOM fractions occurs and what the main factors are in estuary wetlands. For this purpose, we collected three typical wetland soils in the Yellow River Estuary: freshwater wetland soil (FW), saltmarsh wetland soil (SW), and paddy field soil (PF); obtained two SOM fractions, particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM); investigated carbon mineralization (C_min) and temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) of two fractions; and determined the effects of soil properties, iron oxides, and substrate quality. Over the 70-d incubation period, both C_min and Q₁₀ differed significantly among the soil types and fractions. The means of C_min and Q₁₀ were 40.1–431.0 μg C·g⁻¹ and 1.04–2.51, respectively, with higher values for FW and PF soils than those for SW soil. Across SOM fractions, POM had higher C_min and Q₁₀ compared to MAOM. Substrate quality (organic carbon in SOM fractions), iron oxides (Fe_o and Fe_d), and soil properties (pH and electrical conductivity (EC)) all exhibited significant effects on carbon mineralization and temperature response. Specifically, pH and EC had negative, and iron oxides positively affected C_min and Q₁₀. However, SOM fraction quality had the opposite effect, with POM having a positive effect on C_min and MAOM having a negative effect on Q₁₀. Among all the factors, the effects of POM on C_min and MAOM on Q₁₀ were dominant. These results suggest that effectively distinguishing the different contributions of SOM fractions is crucial for predicting the carbon–climate feedback in estuary wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil quality changes in cashew orchard production in Brazilian semiarid areas: a comprehensive field survey across locations, seasons, tree types, and management practices","authors":"Arlene Santisteban Campos ,&nbsp;Ederson da Conceição Jesus ,&nbsp;Paulo Furtado Mendes Filho ,&nbsp;Arthur Prudêncio de Araújo Pereira ,&nbsp;Ana Cecília Ribeiro de Castro ,&nbsp;Arthur Cesar Mina Albuquerque Coelho ,&nbsp;Patricia do Nascimento Bordallo ,&nbsp;Wardsson Lustrino Borges ,&nbsp;Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cashew tree (<em>Anacardium occidentale</em> L.) plays a critical role in tropical agriculture. Although the impact of intensive cashew production on soil quality is recognized, it remains poorly understood. This study investigates how location, management practices, tree type (common and dwarf), and seasons affect soil quality indicators in cashew orchards in Brazilian semiarid. Soil samples (0–40 cm) were collected from four municipalities in Northeast Brazil (Beberibe and Pacajus, Ceará state; Pio IX, Piauí state; and Serra do Mel, Rio Grande do Norte state) during dry and rainy seasons, under managed and unmanaged soil conditions in orchards of dwarf and common cashew trees. Biological indicators, such as microbial biomass carbon, soil basal respiration, metabolic quotients, and enzymatic activities (β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase, acid, and alkaline phosphatases), were assessed. Results revealed significant spatial variability, with location as the main factor influencing soil attributes. Dwarf cashew cultivation reduced nutrient losses by enhancing microbial efficiency, particularly in low-fertility, aluminum-rich soils. All analyzed enzymatic activities were closely linked to total organic carbon, soil fertility, or pH, highlighting their potential as soil health indicators. Seasonal variations influenced microbial activity, especially in iron-rich soils like those in Serra do Mel municipally. Based on these findings, we recommend site-specific management practices, such as maintaining organic residues around dwarf cashew trees and targeting soil acidity correction, to optimize microbial processes and improve soil resilience. Cultivating dwarf cashew trees is encouraged due to their enhanced nutrient use efficiency, which reduces soil nutrient losses and supports microbial activity, particularly in low-fertility soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 106102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil properties and plant functional traits drive soil bacterial and fungal colonization in tropical karst and non-karst natural forests along the elevation gradient","authors":"Genzhu Wang ,&nbsp;Junguang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuguo Liu ,&nbsp;Danbo Pang ,&nbsp;Ziyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Lina Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Dong ,&nbsp;Jinxing Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are still many limitations in understanding the effects of the abiotic and biotic factors on soil bacterial and fungal communities in different lithological areas along the elevation gradient. In this study, plant biodiversity, functional traits, climatic factors, soil properties, and soil fungal and bacterial diversities and compositions were simultaneously measured in tropical karst and non-karst natural forests along elevation profiles in Southwestern China. Our results indicated plant taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, and phylogenic diversity were higher in karst areas than that in non-karst areas. Plant taxonomic diversity, functional diversity and phylogenic diversity increased with elevation increasing. The community-weighted mean leaf calcium and nitrogen concentrations in karst regions were significantly higher than that in non-karst regions. With the elevation increased, the plant functional traits changed from acquisitive traits to conservative traits. Soil bulk density in karst areas was lower than that in non-karst areas, while soil organic carbon was greater in karst areas as compared to non-karst areas. Soil calcium concentrations in karst areas were significantly higher than those in non-karst areas. Both fungal and bacterial diversities increased with elevation, and were generally higher in karst areas than those in non-karst areas. Relative abundance of <em>Proteobacteria</em> and <em>Acidobacteria</em> in karst areas were lesser than in non-karst areas, whereas the opposite pattern was observed for <em>Actinobacteria.</em> Boosted regression tree models indicated that the bacterial and fungal diversities and compositions were primarily affected by soil properties, followed by plant functional traits, biodiversity, and climatic factors. Structural equation models indicated that soil properties and functional traits directly impacted microbial distributions, whereas climatic factors and plant biodiversity only indirectly influenced these distributions through plant functional traits or soil properties. Our results highlighted soil calcium was a key regulator of bacterial and fungal distributions in karst and non-karst regions. The increased soil metal elements and plants with conservative functional traits generally increased bacterial and fungal diversities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 106111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maize stalk mulching significantly influences the cyanobacterial communities and alpha diversity in artificial cyanobacterial crusts in arid sandy areas","authors":"Yu-Chao Lian ,&nbsp;Yi-Xue Zhao ,&nbsp;Wen-Wen Xu ,&nbsp;Yan-Qiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Yang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological soil crusts are biotic soil layers formed by interactions between cyanobacteria, other microorganisms, and soil particles. Cyanobacterial crust represents the primary stage of biological soil crust succession and performs crucial ecological functions within desert ecosystems. These crusts play a vital role in ecological sustainability by not only enhancing surface soil stability and water regulation but also by contributing significantly to soil nutrient cycling and carbon/nitrogen fixation. Cyanobacteria are key pioneer species in newly-established cyanobacterial crust, and cyanobacterial communities and alpha diversity are strongly influenced by surface microenvironmental conditions. Maize straw mulching can improve the surface microenvironment (<em>e.g.,</em> sum of effective wetting time, accumulated temperature) in arid sandy areas. However, its effects on cyanobacterial communities and alpha diversity in artificial cyanobacterial crusts are still unknown. Here, the effects of five different rates of maize stalk mulch coverage (0, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, 100 %) + biocrust inoculation were tested in an artificial cyanobacterial crust cultivation experiment on the southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert, China. The drivers of changes in cyanobacterial communities and alpha diversity were explored by monitoring microenvironmental variation. It was found that dominant cyanobacterial species varied with maize stalk mulch coverage rate. Community composition was the most similar between the biocrust inoculum and artificial crusts under 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % mulch coverage (0.7; 0.6; 0.7); Cyanobacteria species abundance and richness first increased before decreasing with increasing mulch coverage, whereas evenness exhibited the opposite pattern. Additionally, sum of effective wetting time, average light intensity, average temperature and accumulated temperature significantly influenced (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) cyanobacterial communities and alpha diversity. These results suggest that 25–50 % maize straw coverage improves the surface microenvironment and facilitates the growth and development of key cyanobacterial taxa. As such, this coverage rate may be ideal to support efforts to stabilize sand using artificial cyanobacterial crusts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"211 ","pages":"Article 106093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil rather than root traits drives variation in the rhizosphere microbial community of Pinus taiwanensis in a subtropical mountain ecosystem","authors":"Panpan Wu ,&nbsp;Dandan Hu ,&nbsp;Jun Sun ,&nbsp;Jinlong Li ,&nbsp;Yimiao Lu ,&nbsp;Quanlin Zhong ,&nbsp;Dongliang Cheng ,&nbsp;James T. Weedon","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhizosphere microbes enhance plant resilience to adverse conditions, which is critical for plant growth and survival. The processes determining the composition of plant rhizosphere communities remain unclear, especially under natural conditions in forest ecosystems. Variations in elevation and season exert considerable influence on both plant traits and soil properties, both of which could be expected to significantly impact rhizosphere microbial community composition. Despite this, limited studies have simultaneously considered root traits and soil properties when estimating the relative importance of elevational and seasonal variation in predicting the distribution of rhizosphere microbial communities. We sampled rhizosphere microbial communities in <em>Pinus taiwanensis</em> forests across three elevations and two times of year in sub-tropical eastern China. We tested the roles of bulk soil physico-chemical properties (pH, temperature, total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration) and fine root functional traits (root diameter, specific root length, specific root area) in structuring the rhizosphere microbial community. The composition of rhizosphere microbial communities varied significantly across both elevations and seasons but the Shannon and Simpson diversity indices of microbial communities exhibited a more pronounced variation across elevations than across different seasons. Rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities were influenced by both bulk soil physico-chemical properties and fine root functional traits, with the former having a greater influence. Bulk soil N:P was the most important driver of both the rhizosphere fungal and bacterial communities. Overall, soil properties rather than root traits appear to drive the spatial and temporal variation of the rhizosphere microbial community of <em>P. taiwanensis</em> in this subtropical mountain ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar suppresses Clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage by improving soil nutrient conditions and recruiting beneficial microorganisms","authors":"Jisheng Wang ,&nbsp;Sichun Li ,&nbsp;Huimiao Yin ,&nbsp;Muhammad Riaz ,&nbsp;Xinwei Liu ,&nbsp;Mengyang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clubroot, a fungal disease transmitted through soil, can significantly reduce both the productivity and quality of Chinese cabbage. Biochar is regarded as an effective soil amendment for enhancing stress resistance in plants, but there are still few studies on its use for the prevention and control of cabbage clubroot. This study involved field experiments to evaluate the effects of different biochar application rates on the soil microenvironment, cabbage quality, and clubroot incidence. Rice straw was pyrolyzed at 400 °C to produce biochar, which was then applied at rates of 0 t/hm² (CK), 24 t/hm² (BC1), 48 t/hm² (BC2), and 96 t/hm² (BC3). The results showed that biochar effectively inhibited the development of clubroot in Chinese cabbage. Moreover, when the application rate of biochar was 96 t/hm², the disease suppression rate reached 90 %. The 96 t/hm² application rate not only enhanced the health of cabbage but also significantly increased the soluble protein and vitamin C contents by 56.5 % and 337.6 %, respectively. Concurrently, the soil pH rose by 1.1 units, indicating a positive shift in soil conditions. Furthermore, biochar application led to a consequential notable increase of 97.9 %–452.0 % in soil nutrient content. In addition, qPCR and amplicon sequencing techniques revealed that biochar significantly reduced the abundance of <em>Plasmodiophora brassicae</em>, the causative agent of clubroot disease, while simultaneously promoting the recruitment of potentially beneficial microbes, including <em>Sphingomonas</em>, <em>Gaiella</em>, <em>Penicillium</em>, and <em>Olpidium</em>. In summary, biochar enhances the resistance of Chinese cabbage to clubroot disease by improving soil pH, nutrientavailability, and promoting beneficial microorganisms. These findings offer valuable insights into the role of biochar in enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microplastics on soil microbial necromass carbon and plant residual carbon","authors":"Ke Yang ,&nbsp;Yan Ma ,&nbsp;Hong Yu ,&nbsp;Bowen Lv ,&nbsp;Wenbing Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studying the effects of microplastics (MPs) on plant-derived carbon and microbial-derived carbon in soil is of great significance for understanding how polluted soil affects plant productivity, water quality maintenance, human health and climate change. This study compared the effects of various concentrations (0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, 2.0 %, and 2.5 %, <em>w</em>/w) of polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) MPs on soil plant- and microbial-derived carbon through a 35-day soil pot experiment and biomarker method. PLA MPs promoted phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). PE MPs significantly reduced PLFAs. PLA and PE reduced total amino sugars, glucosamine, galactosamine and muramic acid. PLA and PE MPs reduced microbial, bacterial, and fungal necromass carbon contents, which may be due to the promotion of rhizosphere priming effect by MPs, thereby accelerating the decomposition of microbial necromass carbon. PLA had a promoting or reducing effect on V-type phenols, S-type phenols, C-type phenols, and total lignin phenols, while PE had a reducing effect on them. The reason may be that PE indirectly leads to a decrease in plant derived carbon by reducing soil total nitrogen, hydrolytic nitrogen, cation exchange capacity, etc. In general, PLA promoted the contribution of plant residual carbon to soil organic carbon (SOC), and decreased the contribution of microbial necromass to SOC. PE decreased the contribution of plant residual and microbial necromass to SOC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term survival of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum sclerotia and Verticillium longisporum microsclerotia in soil and the effects of soil depth, soil temperature, and a biocontrol agent","authors":"Sarenqimuge Sarenqimuge,&nbsp;Birger Koopmann,&nbsp;Andreas von Tiedemann","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This long-term study, conducted over 6 to 12 years in two locations in Germany, investigates the longevity of dormant structures of two significant soil-borne pathogens - <em>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</em> and <em>Verticillium longisporum -</em> under different conditions in soil in the field, considering exposure duration, soil depth, soil temperature, and a biocontrol agent. When sclerotia of <em>S. sclerotiorum</em> were buried free in soil a significant reduction in viability occurred within the first year, declining to about 20 %, with retrieval rates dropping to 30 %. However, in another experiment when sclerotia were exposed in litter bags, they persisted for more than four years, with viability still above 45 % and retrieval rates reaching up to 64 %, indicating a crucial role of the soil arthropods in degradation Soil depth did not significantly affect longevity, but elevated soil temperatures were associated with higher survival, suggesting that climate warming could exacerbate inoculum persistence. Biocontrol trials with <em>Coniothyrium minitans</em> (Contans®WG) revealed that, without application, sclerotial viability and retrieval rates remained as high as 90 % in the first year, while with its application, these rates dropped to below 4 % within the same time. For <em>V. longisporum</em>, microsclerotial viability declined with a significant drop after one year. Soil depth and soil temperature had no consistent effect on survival of microsclerotia, although an interaction between year and soil depth was noted. Despite overall reductions, a small but viable portion of inoculum from both pathogens persisted until the end of the experiments after 6 to 12 years. These findings highlight the long-term risks posed by these soilborne pathogens and imply that even long crop rotation cycles with non-susceptible crops are not sufficient to completely eradicate these pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of microbial necromass to soil organic carbon and its influencing factors during plantation recovery in a subtropical rocky desertification region","authors":"Junjie Lei ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Gao ,&nbsp;Ting He ,&nbsp;Zongxin Liu ,&nbsp;Wende Yan ,&nbsp;Peng Dang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) constitutes a significant portion of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the contribution of MNC to SOC under different plantation recovery patterns in rocky desertification ecosystems remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated MNC, along with its associated soil carbon (C) fractions, available nutrients, and microbial community composition across five stand types and unafforested land (control) in the Wuling Mountains of subtropical China. Establishing mixed forest and <em>Cinnamomum camphora</em> forest significantly increased SOC stock compared to the control. The highest microbial community biomass and MNC content were observed in the <em>Cinnamomum camphora</em> forest, being 1.64 and 1.16 times higher than the control, respectively. Soil fungal community biomass was lower than that of bacteria across all stand types, yet fungi contributed the majority of MNC (80.1 %). The contribution of MNC to SOC in the five stand types ranged from 31.7 % to 43.6 %, which was lower than in the control. Control soils, with low input of plant-derived organic matter, exhibited higher necromass accumulation coefficients (NAC). SOC content, microbial community biomass, and MNC content decreased with soil depth, whereas NAC and the contribution of MNC to SOC showed an opposite trends. The random forest and variance partitioning analyses revealed that soil available nitrogen, SOC, and fungal and bacterial community biomass were the primary drivers of MNC accumulation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with their interactions explaining 83 % of the variance in MNC accumulation. Our findings demonstrate that afforestation enhances SOC stock in rocky desertification ecosystems, with microbial community biomass and necromass playing crucial roles in C transformation and sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}