Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Do savanna trees and grasses interact to determine nitrification?","authors":"Sébastien Barot ,&nbsp;Tharaniya Srikanthasamy ,&nbsp;Kouamé F. Koffi ,&nbsp;David Carmignac ,&nbsp;Yoan Marcangeli ,&nbsp;Marcel Konan ,&nbsp;Jean-Christophe Lata","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the humid savanna of Lamto (Ivory Coast) grasses inhibit nitrification, which increases the availability of nitrogen and primary production, while trees stimulate it. Trees and grasses should thus influence soil functioning in an interactive way. We expect intermediate values of nitrification in the soil below grass tussocks inside tree clumps. Answering this question is important to develop “agrosavannery” practices based on the use of savanna trees and grasses in cropping systems. We sampled soil inside tree clumps and outside, both below and between grass tussocks (in total four different situations) and measured basic soil chemical properties, the nitrification and denitrification enzymatic activities, the abundances of the <em>amoA</em>-AOA, <em>amoA</em>-AOB, <em>nirK</em> and <em>nirS</em> genes. There were higher nitrification and AOA gene abundance below tree clumps than outside tree clumps. Denitrification was higher inside tree clumps between grass tussocks than in the three other treatment combinations and the <em>nirS</em> gene was more abundant below grass tussocks. The results show that nitrifying archaea are responsible for nitrification in the Lamto savanna and that they are specifically targeted by nitrification inhibition by grasses and stimulation by trees. Overall, tree impact on nitrification and nitrifying archaea were somehow overriding the inhibition capacities of grasses. This means that the use of both savanna grasses and trees in close vicinity to develop “agrosavannery” cropping systems would likely lead to high nitrification rates and that such systems will only benefit from nitrification inhibition if grasses are grown away from savanna trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-abandoned mining environments reshape soil microbial co-occurrence patterns, community assembly, and biogeochemistry","authors":"Fengge Peng ,&nbsp;Bin Wu ,&nbsp;Qingjuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Yunchuan Long ,&nbsp;Juan Jiang ,&nbsp;Xuejun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diversity of microbial communities is crucial for maintaining ecological balance in mining ecosystems. Although changes in soil microbial communities in mining areas have been widely studied, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of how long-abandoned mining sites influence microbial co-occurrence patterns, community assembly processes, and biogeochemical cycles. Based on soil samples from long-abandoned mining areas, this study comprehensively investigates the impacts of environmental factors on microbial co-occurrence networks, community assembly mechanisms, and biogeochemical functions. Our results show that prolonged abandonment has significantly altered the physicochemical properties of the soil and reshaped both the structure and function of microbial communities. The community assembly processes are strongly influenced by environmental stress, leading to the enrichment of specific functional microbial taxa. Notably, in highly polluted areas, bacterial communities demonstrate enhanced interspecies mutualism and increased network connectivity as adaptive strategies to cope with heavy metal stress. High concentrations of heavy metals were found to suppress microbial carbon fixation and denitrification potential, while enhancing their capacity for sulfide removal. This study fills a key knowledge gap regarding the effects of long-term mining abandonment on microbial ecology and offers new insights into the mechanisms underlying ecological restoration. It highlights the potential role of microbial communities in the remediation of degraded mining sites and provides a novel theoretical foundation for future ecological restoration efforts in such environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brazilian Cerrado soil microbiota captures the impacts of agricultural practices and unveils a promising ecosystem for antimicrobial peptide discovery","authors":"F.T.P.K. Távora ,&nbsp;R.S. Oliveira ,&nbsp;T.B. Rios ,&nbsp;D.G. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;L.M. Souza ,&nbsp;F.B. Reis Junior ,&nbsp;W. Fontes ,&nbsp;M.S. Castro ,&nbsp;M.V. Sousa ,&nbsp;O.L. Franco ,&nbsp;A. Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concept that agricultural practices promote impacts on physicochemical and biological soil properties is well established. However, their influence on soil-associated microbiome is still poorly understood. This work aimed to investigate the bacterial communities settled in cultivated Brazilian Cerrado soils. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from corn (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) or soybean (<em>Glycine</em> max (L.) Merr.) crop fields cultivated in a Red Latosol (Rhodic Haplustox) soil type under no-tillage (NT, i.e., without agricultural land preparation) and under conventional tillage (CT). The Cerrado native vegetation adjacent to the experimental areas was used as a reference for original (undisturbed) soil condition. Firstly, the genetic structure of the most representative bacteria found in the given conditions was characterized. The 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence analysis showed that Actinobacteria was the dominant phylum in both corn and soybean cropped soils under the NT system, with <em>Arthrobacter</em> being the most representative genus. On the other hand, β-proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in soils under the CT system, as well as in the native Cerrado reference condition, with a prevalence of organisms from <em>Burkholderia</em> genus. In order to further profile the complex soil ecosystem, a functional metaproteomic analysis comparing soil samples between native Cerrado and NT soybean fields was performed and revealed a total of 305 proteins, of which 25 were differentially abundant and whose major functional categories were associated with transmembrane transport and proteolysis. Furthermore, bioprospecting antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from the proteome data of native Cerrado soil samples, using predictive algorithms, identified promising candidates with potential antibacterial activity. Our results capture the influences of agricultural practices on the diversity of soil microbiota, provide the scientific community with a framework of the genetic structure of microorganisms settled in native and cultivated Cerrado soils, and underline the biotechnological potential of this important Brazilian biome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioenergy by-products enhance the soybean photosynthesis, antioxidant defense, and related gene expression by modulating metal bioavailability in acidic soil","authors":"Muhammad Tayyab Sattar ,&nbsp;Laiba Qazi ,&nbsp;Sumaira Manzoor ,&nbsp;Imran Khan ,&nbsp;Wenjie Li ,&nbsp;Hongju Ma ,&nbsp;Fei Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil acidification regulates the mobility of aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn), thereby affecting legumes growth. Bioenergy by-products (BBP) including biochar, bottom ash and biogas slurry, can mitigate soil metal toxicity in acidic soils; however, the precise impacts of these amendments in soil-plant system remains unknown. Therefore, different treatments of BBP namely Control (T1), Biogas slurry (T2), Bottom ash (T3), Biochar (T4), Biogas slurry with bottom ash (T5), Biogas slurry with biochar (T6), Bottom ash with biochar (T7), and Biochar along with bottom ash and biogas slurry (T8) were used to mitigate the bioavailability and toxicity of Al and Mn. Results revealed that T8 reduced Al and Mn content by 63 % and 78 % in soil and 64 % and 65 % in soybean plants, respectively. Notably, T8 mitigates oxidative damage and improves rubisco activity, photosynthetic efficiency, and antioxidant activities as compared to other treatments. Furthermore, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows that cell structure restoration was obvious under T6 and T8 than that of other treatments. The antioxidant genes (<em>GmSOD</em>, <em>GmCAT1</em>, and <em>GmPOD1</em>) and photosynthesis genes (<em>GmRbcS</em> and <em>GmRCAβ</em>) expressions were upregulated in T7 and T8 than that of other treatments. Our correlations analysis shows that BBP improved soil organic matter and further enhanced the availability of NO3-, P, and K in the soil. Furthermore, increased soil pH by BBP significantly decreased the NH₄⁺ availability in the soil. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that BBP can enhance soybean physiological characteristics by modulating soil pH and improving nutrient availability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106234"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-biomarker approach to study the toxic effects of thallium on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) fed with different food sources","authors":"Shuai Li ,&nbsp;Weina Xue ,&nbsp;Nan Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Niu ,&nbsp;Tiandong Wang ,&nbsp;Benteng Zhu ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic heavy metal. It is widely spread in soil. However, the effects of Tl on soil invertebrates have received limited attention. <em>Eisenia fetida</em>, a sensitive and widely used bioindicator, is important in assessing ecological risks in soil ecosystems. It is conceivable that the stress resistance of <em>E. fetida</em> may vary depending on its diet, potentially influencing the assessment of ecological risks associated with contaminants. This study aims to assess the toxicological effects of Tl in soil on <em>E. fetida</em>, focusing on mechanisms involving Tl-induced oxidative stress, disruption of antioxidant defenses, and diet-mediated differences in physiological tolerance. <em>E. fetida</em> was nourished with yogurt waste or cow dung as their primary food source before exposure. The research showed a significant correlation between the increase in soil Tl levels and its bioaccumulation in <em>E. fetida</em>. The highest Tl accumulation was observed in <em>E. fetida</em> fed with yogurt waste (5.55 μg g⁻¹), exceeding those fed with cow dung (4.77 μg g⁻¹). Tl inhibited the growth of <em>E. fetida</em> and induced oxidative stress responses. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) initially increased at lower concentrations and earlier time points but were suppressed at higher Tl concentrations and longer exposures. In contrast, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were generally elevated, especially in yogurt waste-fed worms. Additionally, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels declined over time, while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased significantly, indicating lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage. Furthermore, the Integrated Biomarker Response index indicated that cow dung-fed <em>E. fetida</em> exhibited a higher level of toxic stress when compared to those fed with yogurt waste. In a comparative analysis, despite accumulating more Tl, yogurt waste-fed <em>E. fetida</em> exhibited a lower overall toxic response than their cow dung-fed counterparts. Our results suggest that the diet, specifically yogurt waste, can enhance Tl tolerance in <em>E. fetida</em>. Hence, when assessing the ecological risk of Tl concerning earthworms, it is imperative to consider their dietary sources to increase the scientific validity of evaluation results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in soil-root-organism interactions following tropical forest conversion to tree and oil palm plantations","authors":"Enny Widyati ,&nbsp;Sadino ,&nbsp;Sugeng Budiharta ,&nbsp;Acep Akbar ,&nbsp;Adi Susilo ,&nbsp;Agus Kurniawan ,&nbsp;Asep Sadili ,&nbsp;Diana Prameswari ,&nbsp;Edi Mirmanto ,&nbsp;Etik Erna Wati Hadi ,&nbsp;Mustaid Siregar ,&nbsp;Marfuah Wardani ,&nbsp;Naning Yuniarti ,&nbsp;Nina Mindawati ,&nbsp;Parlin H.P. Pasaribu ,&nbsp;Ragil S.B. Irianto ,&nbsp;Ratri Ma'rifatun Nisaa’ ,&nbsp;Sri Een Hartatik ,&nbsp;Sri Suharti ,&nbsp;Sutiyono ,&nbsp;Truly Santika","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impacts of monoculture establishment on tropical ecosystems and biodiversity have been the subject of extensive studies, yet the impact on the relationship between soil, plant root, and organism has received limited attention. We sought to assess changes in soil-root-organism interactions resulting from tropical forest conversion to monocultures. Using data from forests and multiple tree and oil palm plantations in Indonesia, we found that the conversion of forests to monocultures impacted soil ecology through direct and indirect effects on soil physicochemical properties, root exudates, and soil organisms. Land management practices and plant physiology influenced soil physicochemical properties across land use types. While root exudates of primary metabolites associated with plant growth were strongly related to soil physicochemical properties, both soil physicochemical properties and the underlying ecological differences between forests and monocultures play important roles in determining secondary metabolite exudates responsible for plant-plant interface, including competition and defence against pathogens. This demonstrates that secondary metabolites evolve through a complex mechanism involving both physical processes and interactions with other plants. Despite having superior primary and secondary metabolites responsible for competition, monoculture plantations had weaker defensive metabolites for pathogen suppression than forests. Furthermore, monocultures had a significantly higher proportion of fungi in their soil microbial profiles than forests. A weakened defence system, combined with elevated fungal presence, can increase monocultures' susceptibility to disease. Our results underscore the critical role of diverse ecosystems in ensuring ecological stability, emphasising the necessity for enhanced diversity in monocultures, whether through agroforestry or intercropping, for long-term soil health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Succession of biological soil crusts modifies patterns of soil eukaryotic communities along a precipitation gradient","authors":"Lin Xu ,&nbsp;Yongping Kou ,&nbsp;Xiangzhen Li ,&nbsp;Chaonan Li ,&nbsp;Jiabao Li ,&nbsp;Bingchang Zhang ,&nbsp;Lixia Wang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Xu ,&nbsp;Chengmin You ,&nbsp;Han Li ,&nbsp;Sining Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Lihua Tu ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Tan ,&nbsp;Zhenfeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are widely distributed in global drylands. Both the succession of biocrusts and increased precipitation levels have the capacity to augment soil water availability, thereby exerting significant influence on soil eukaryotic communities. Nonetheless, our understanding of the combined effects of biocrust succession and increasing precipitation on soil eukaryotic communities remains less comprehensive when compared to the well-documented impacts on soil prokaryotic and archaeal communities. In this study, we conducted a broad survey in Chinese deserts and collected biocrust samples in a transect with increasing precipitation. We obtained soil eukaryotic community data using high-throughput sequencing. Our statistical analyses revealed the following key findings: (1) In the absence of biocrusts (within bare soil), there existed a negative correlation between precipitation levels and eukaryotic diversity, as well as community similarity; however, within any of the biocrust successional stage, these patterns turned to be V-shaped, initially declined and then increased, with the nadir occurring at intermediate precipitation levels. (2) Biocrust succession markedly enhanced the abundances of mosses, and which were particularly higher under moderate than other precipitation levels. (3) The abundance of mosses emerged as the principal driver of soil eukaryotic community dynamics, wherein higher moss abundance correlated with diminished species diversity but complex species co-occurrence networks in late biocrust successional (the lichen and moss) stages and under moderate precipitation levels. (4) Soil C:P emerged as a pivotal factor mediating moss abundance and influencing the patterns observed in soil eukaryotic communities. In summary, our study concludes that biocrust succession alters the variation patterns of soil eukaryotic communities along the precipitation gradient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106229"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From colonization to stability: Shifting roles of cyanobacteria and aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in coral island biocrust formation and development","authors":"Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Qingsong Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Wen ,&nbsp;Lina Lyu ,&nbsp;Zhimao Mai ,&nbsp;Si Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) play pivotal roles in global biogeochemical cycles，stabilizing soil, preventing erosion, and enhancing nutrient availability. On coral islands, phototrophic bacteria, especially cyanobacteria and aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAPB), are vital to biocrust formation, yet their community dynamics remain poorly understood. This study investigated the abundance, diversity, and interactions of these two groups at different developmental stages (2-, 4-, and 6-years) in the early stages of coral island biocrust succession. Using qPCR, high-throughput sequencing, and physicochemical analysis, we tracked the biocrust development stages. The results showed that the coral island biocrust development is accompanied by reduced soil pH and increased levels of total nitrogen, total organic carbon, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll-<em>a</em> content, which indicated that biocrust formation reshaped the soil properties. Cyanobacteria exhibited consistent abundance across developmental stages, while AAPB abundance peaked during intermediate stages, reflecting their pivotal role in early colonization. The community structures of both AAPB and cyanobacteria showed significantly variation during the biocrust development. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed intensified cyanobacteria-AAPB interactions in early stages, followed by reductions in the terminal stage (6-years). Environmental factors, including pH, nutrient content, and chlorophyll-<em>a</em>, were found to be strongly correlated with the microbial community composition. This study provides new insights into the dynamic interactions between cyanobacteria and AAPB during coral island biocrust development, highlighting their complementary roles in soil stabilization, nutrient cycling, and ecological succession.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged warming leads to carbon depletion and increases nutrient availability in alpine soils","authors":"Nicolas Bonfanti ,&nbsp;Jean-Christophe Clément ,&nbsp;Tamara Münkemüller ,&nbsp;Pierre Barré ,&nbsp;François Baudin ,&nbsp;Jérôme Poulenard","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpine ecosystems, shaped by cold temperatures and prolonged snow cover, are warming twice as fast as lowlands, making them particularly vulnerable to climate change. This rapid warming alters ecosystem functioning by increasing soil temperatures and shifting snow regimes, leading to shorter snow cover periods and longer growing seasons. Such changes impact soil organic matter (SOM), which regulates carbon storage and soil fertility through microbial mineralization. We investigated long-term SOM changes following experimental warming in alpine grasslands. By transplanting soil plots downslope (2470 m a.s.l. to 1920 m a.s.l.), we increased mean annual temperature by 3 °C and extended the growing season by 77 days. Seven years later, we analyzed soil nutrients content, SOM characteristics (chemistry, labile pools, and thermal stability) and conducted discrete flux measurements to determine net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Soil incubations assessed microbial traits and their acclimation to warming. Our results indicate that, even after seven years, alpine soil microbial activities showed limited acclimation to warming, contributing to SOM destabilization and soil nutrients enrichment by boosting mineralization. Indeed, warmed plots acted as carbon sources, with an 18 % decrease in SOC stocks and increased NEE. Carbon losses exceeded C gains from plant productivity, primarily depleting labile pools. This may create a positive feedback loop between carbon cycling and climate warming. These findings highlight the long-term consequences of temperature increases and snow regime shifts on alpine ecosystem functioning and suggest that soil carbon losses in warming mountain environments may continue over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No-tillage effects on the soil nitrogen-cycling prokaryotic community inhabiting soil aggregates in upland fields","authors":"Takumi Uramoto ,&nbsp;Midori Sakoda ,&nbsp;Yong Guo ,&nbsp;Nobuo Sakagami ,&nbsp;Masakazu Komatsuzaki ,&nbsp;Tomoyasu Nishizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In no-tillage field soils, where degradation and erosion are minimized, soil aggregates form more readily, supporting a stable physical structure. These aggregates contain pores that serve as microhabitats for microbes involved in key biogeochemical processes, such as organic matter decomposition and redox reactions. In this study, we evaluated the physical and chemical properties of soils under different management practices (tillage vs. no-tillage) and conducted DNA metagenomic analysis to investigate microbial functions related to the nitrogen cycle. Long-term no-tillage led to the accumulation of persistent organic matter, which promoted the formation of soil aggregates. These aggregates maintained anaerobic microenvironments that suppressed organic matter decomposition in macro-aggregates. In the no-till soil, N₂O emissions and nitrogen accumulation were observed. Metagenomic analysis of macro-aggregates revealed that the relative abundance of ammonia oxidation (<em>amoA</em>, <em>amoB</em>, and <em>amoC</em>) and nitric oxide reduction (<em>norB</em> and <em>norC</em>) genes were 0.53 and 0.66 times lower, respectively, in no-till soil aggregates than in tilled soil aggregates. Not only the relative abundance but also the player of nitrification differed between no-tilled and tilled soil aggregates. Additionally, the relative abundance of dissimilatory nitrate reduction genes (<em>nrfA</em>, <em>nrfH</em>, <em>nirB</em>, and <em>nirD</em>) was 1.4 times higher in the tilled soil aggregates than in the no-tilled soil aggregates. Microbial community analysis showed that no-tillage practices altered nitrogen-cycling microbes, inhibiting nitrification and denitrification while promoting dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia. These findings suggest that nitrogen cycling regulation in aggregates to accumulate nitrogen in no-tillage soils due to reduced microbial consumption and enhanced ammonia production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 106232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}