Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

{"title":"Plant transfer factors of naturally occurring radioactive decay series radionuclides, 7Be, and 137Cs in a semi-arid climate","authors":"V.M. Expósito-Suárez ,&nbsp;J.A. Suárez-Navarro ,&nbsp;E. Fernández ,&nbsp;M. Barragán ,&nbsp;O.C. Lind ,&nbsp;J. Mantero ,&nbsp;R. García-Tenorio","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arid and semi-arid climates give rise to drought stress in plants, implying an increased uptake of radionuclides through both leaves and roots. This study was carried out in the Tabernas Desert (Almería, Spain), classified as an arid climate. Seventeen plants were analyzed, collected from four areas of the study site. The soils in the four areas were statistically comparable and showed a chemical composition and activity concentrations characteristic of uncontaminated soils, with activity concentrations corresponding to world averages, i.e., 31 ± 4 Bq·kg⁻¹ for the uranium series, 37 ± 4 Bq·kg⁻¹ for thorium one, and 344 ± 17 Bq·kg⁻¹ for ⁴⁰K. Conversely, the soils showed that ⁷Be was below the limit of detection, levels of ¹³⁷Cs equivalent to fallout, but an average ²¹⁰Pb_ex of 19 ± 9 Bq·kg⁻¹. The radionuclides of the three naturally occurring radioactive decay series are mainly present in the insoluble fraction, with ²²⁶Ra being the most abundant. The transfer factors showed the usual behaviour of Cs &gt; Ra &gt; U &gt; Th. The activity concentrations of ⁷Be and ²¹⁰Pb showed a statistically significant linear relationship, indicating greater incorporation through the plant leaves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a CLYC-based wide dose rate range portable neutron-gamma detector","authors":"Yuliang Huang ,&nbsp;Keqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Chenyu Shan ,&nbsp;Changqing Feng ,&nbsp;Yichao Wang ,&nbsp;Ziqi Wang ,&nbsp;Kang Chang ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Wenzhang Xie ,&nbsp;Shubin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes the development of a portable neutron-gamma detector for environmental radiation monitoring based on the CLYC crystal. It can function as a gamma spectrometer, gamma dosimeter, and thermal neutron counter. The upper measurement limit of gamma dose rate is approximately 6 <span><math><mrow><mtext>mSv</mtext><mo>/</mo><mi>h</mi></mrow></math></span> by using the proposed current mode in CLYC crystal and PMT. Meanwhile, the detector has a gamma energy resolution of 4.86% at 662 keV, and a figure of merit (FOM) of 3.32 ± 0.04 for gamma and neutron pulse shape discrimination. In the initial phase of applications, the detector was used to measure the gamma and neutron radiation levels around the beamline of the associated Proton beam Experiment Platform (APEP) and R-dump room at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111629"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity measurements and calibrations for 225Ac in radioactive equilibrium with its progeny","authors":"Denis E. Bergeron ,&nbsp;Gulakhshan Hamad ,&nbsp;Brittany A. Broder ,&nbsp;Jeffrey T. Cessna ,&nbsp;Adam J. Pearce ,&nbsp;Jerome LaRosa ,&nbsp;Leticia Pibida ,&nbsp;Rhys Salter ,&nbsp;Neha S. Saxena ,&nbsp;Brian E. Zimmerman","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The massic activity of ²²⁵Ac in 0.1 mol/L HCl was measured by multiple primary methods over four consistent measurement campaigns. Results from the triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method of liquid scintillation (LS) counting were in accord with other LS-based primary methods. The calibration of commercial radionuclide calibrators (“dose calibrators”) is described, with discussion of current literature values. Comparisons between experimental ionization chamber and NaI(Tl) well counter responses and benchmarked Monte Carlo models are addressed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise level and no-reference-based evaluations for gamma-ray image using non-local means algorithm with CZT photon counting semiconductor detector","authors":"Youngjin Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to propose and evaluate an algorithm that maximizes the image quality of gamma-ray images using a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) photon-counting semiconductor detector (PCSD) under thin detector thickness conditions. In addition to the CZT PCSD, a pixel-matched parallel-hole collimator that can optimize the spatial resolution of gamma-ray images was modeled. A non-local mean (NLM) noise reduction algorithm was applied to the acquired images using Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission platform to quantitatively evaluate the overall image quality improvement. When the proposed source-to-pixel-matched collimator distance was shortened, a thin CZT PCSD (1 mm) was selected, and the NLM algorithm was applied to the acquired image to obtain a full width at a half maximum value of 0.957 mm. We demonstrated that the spatial resolution was improved by approximately 40.89% compared to when using a 3-mm-thick PCSD at the same source-to-collimator distance. In addition, the contrast-to-noise ratio and coefficient of variation of the image acquired from the system applying the proposed NLM algorithm were derived to be almost similar to those of the 3-mm-thick detector system. We demonstrated that the proposed approach based on the NLM algorithm is a PCSD gamma-ray imaging technology that is capable of reducing costs and improving image quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111628"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of natural soda ash for dosimetry using thermoluminescence technique","authors":"F.O. Ogundare ,&nbsp;M.L. Chithambo ,&nbsp;T.P. Kwapa ,&nbsp;M. Mashaba","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soda ash, due to its various use for industrial applications, is a phosphor likely to be found in the vicinities of radiation facilities where retrospective dosimetry may be required in the unlikely events of radiation accidents/incidents. The ash is therefore a potential material for retrospective dosimetry using luminescence techniques. In this report, the thermoluminescence characteristics of soda ash from Suan pan, Botswana are presented. The thermoluminescence glow curve of the soda ash consists three peaks near 79, 175 and 329 °C with a shoulder around 221 °C. The peak intensities of the peaks and the whole glow curve integrated intensity are linear with dose. T_m-T_stop analysis reveals soda ash contains four peaks near 82, 211, 235 and 335 °C. The four peaks are affected by thermal quenching with activation energy of thermal quenching 0.64 eV, 0.29 eV, 0.66 eV and 0.29 eV respectively. The intensities of the peaks decrease with optical stimulation. The minimum dose the phosphor can measure is evaluated to be 0.34 Gy. The thermoluminescence from soda ash is suitable for dosimetry, especially for high dose measurement. The peak near 335 °C with mean lifetime greater than 250 years is the most suitable for dosimetry. The phosphor may be able to produce phototransfer thermoluminescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111626"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton- and deuteron-induced cross sections on natural platinum","authors":"J.T. Wilkinson ,&nbsp;S.J. Tumey ,&nbsp;K.J. Moody ,&nbsp;T.A. Brown ,&nbsp;N. Gharibyan","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light-ion irradiations on natural platinum were performed to measure gold-radioisotope cross sections and isotope ratios, as well as to produce a carrier-free final product. Experimental cross sections are compared to TENDL-2023. There is good agreement with this work's results and other published literature values. Several novel cross sections were determined including ¹⁹⁰Au, ¹⁹¹Au, ¹⁹⁹Pt and several independent cross sections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of radon concentration in metro stations of Istanbul, Türkiye","authors":"Ayhan Akkaş,&nbsp;Hatice Baş Mor,&nbsp;Berna Ataksor,&nbsp;Nesli Bingöldağ,&nbsp;Fatma Duhan,&nbsp;Şule Köseoğlu,&nbsp;A. Sibel Altunbayrak","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main objective of this study was to determine the levels of radon concentrations in different metro lines in Istanbul. Measurements were conducted in underground stations of five distinct metro lines: M1A, M1B, M3, M4 and M6. Radon activity concentration (RAC) values were determined by means of measurements. The annual effective dose values were calculated for employees on the metro line and for passengers using these lines. The lowest radon concentration was found to be 15 Bq/m³, while the highest was 80 Bq/m³. It has been shown that the effective dose received by individuals from radon irradiation in underground stations does not appear to contribute significantly to the annual average effective dose. The city of Istanbul is characterised by a rugged topography, with some metro stations reaching depths of up to 40 m below ground level. Despite this, the increasing depth of the metro stations did not result in a significant increase in radon concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological evaluation of hydroxyapatite zirconium nanoparticle as a potential radiosensitizer for lung cancer X-ray induced photodynamic therapy","authors":"Ahmad Kurniawan ,&nbsp;Isa Mahendra ,&nbsp;Muhamad Basit Febrian ,&nbsp;Marhendra Satria Utama ,&nbsp;Julia Windi Gunadi ,&nbsp;Roro Wahyudianingsih ,&nbsp;Ronny Lesmana ,&nbsp;Iim Halimah ,&nbsp;Maula Eka Sriyani ,&nbsp;Eva Maria Widyasari ,&nbsp;Teguh Hafiz Ambar Wibawa ,&nbsp;Asep Rizaludin ,&nbsp;Crhisterra Ellen Kusumaningrum ,&nbsp;Dani Gustaman Syarif","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodynamic therapy has been recognized as a viable approach for lung cancer treatment. Some photosensitizer agents are known as X-ray sensitive and could improve radiotherapy efficacy. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery and as photosensitizer agents offers various advantages because of their rapid cellular accumulation and distribution into target organs. On the other hand, several nanoparticles could trigger adverse effects during cancer treatment. In this article, the biological study of hydroxyapatite zirconium nanoparticles (HApZr) as photosensitizer candidates for X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy has been demonstrated <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. This nanoparticle increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels after the delivery of ionizing radiation at 5 Gy to a cancer cell line and showed higher cytotoxicity compared to non-irradiated treatment. <em>In vitro</em> cellular uptake based on cell imaging also indicated a promising intake and an ability to kill cancer cells. Subsequently, an <em>in vivo</em> evaluation using orthotopic lung cancer mouse models also showed their good accumulation in target organs, with lower accumulation in normal lung tissue. Moreover, studies of acute toxicity showed that a dose of 50 μg/mL yielded minor pathological changes on histological evaluations, which were supported by a biochemical analysis. In addition, HApZr nanoparticles also increase TNF-α which enhancing the cytotoxic effect after irradiation. Finally, these findings were important for further investigation of the clinical application of these HApZr nanoparticles for the treatment of patients with lung cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk assessment and natural radionuclide content in black-sand deposits of North Sinai coast, Egypt","authors":"Mostafa A. Mansor ,&nbsp;Islam M. Nabil ,&nbsp;Ali Y. Ellithi ,&nbsp;A.R. Abdulghany ,&nbsp;A.F. El Sayed","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The radioactivity levels and risk factors have been assessed for twenty-eight positions of Black-Sand (BS) surface deposits along the Mediterranean Sea coast of north Sinai, Egypt. Twenty-eight surface samples were collected from six local cities: El Ressa, Abo Sakl, Ghornata, El Arish, El Masaed, and El Rommana. The activity concentration values of the nuclides of the ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K of the collected samples were measured using a P-type HPGe detector with a relative efficiency of ∼100% where it is defined at 1.33 MeV relative to a standard 3-inch diameter and 3-inch long NaI (TI) scintillator. El Ressa samples have relatively the most significant average values for ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th, whereas El Rommana samples had the highest for ⁴⁰K. The radiation hazard calculations for the collected BS samples indicated significantly lower values than the internationally recommended limits. The ambient dose rates of the six areas under study were monitored and found to range from 0.06 to 0.10 μSv.h⁻¹.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility verification of deep-learning based collimator-less imaging system using a voxelated GAGG(Ce) single volume detector: A Monte Carlo simulation","authors":"Ajin Jo ,&nbsp;Dongmyoung Hong ,&nbsp;Wonho Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 4π-field of view deep-learning-based collimator-less imaging system was designed with the Monte Carlo method and performance of the system was studied to verify the feasibility of system. A 4 × 4 × 4 voxelated single-volume GAGG(Ce) system and ⁵⁷Co, ¹³³Ba, ²²Na, and ¹³⁷Cs point sources at 2000 positions were modeled using Monte-Carlo N-particle transport code version 6 (MCNP6). Two types of the localized energy deposition acquired with a voxelated detector system with and without energy bins, were calculated. The F6 tally was used to provide the entire energy deposited in each voxel and the F8 tally to provide energy spectrum data for each voxel. This system utilized these energy deposition patterns depending on the source type and position to reconstruct the source distribution image. A fully convolutional network which is advantageous for the prediction of image outputs was used to estimate source distribution. The models utilizing energy deposition patterns generated on total energy deposition and energy spectrum data were trained with labels from 30° to 10 degree of full-width half-maximum (FWHM). As a result of training with single and multiple source data, types of isotopes and source locations were discriminated up to 5 sources when using energy spectral data, and the average image similarity between ground truth images and predicted ones were 0.9936 for total energy deposition model and 0.9966 for divided energy bin model. These results showed the feasibility of a collimator-less imaging system based on deep learning method that requires no filtration of any type of interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 111605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}