Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

{"title":"Research on zinc electrodeposition for target preparation in medical isotope 67Cu production","authors":"Guixiang Wang,&nbsp;Xinxin Li,&nbsp;Dacan Yang,&nbsp;Zhiyu Xu,&nbsp;Fuqiu Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an ideal dual-functional radionuclide for diagnostics and therapeutics, the clinical translation of ⁶⁷Cu is constrained by the stringent purity requirements of the ⁶⁸Zn target material during cyclotron production. To address the issues of impurity interference in traditional electrodeposition processes, this study developed an electrolyte system devoid of extraneous ionic impurities and organic additives. Under the pre-optimized basic parameters (current density 30 mA/cm², temperature 40 °C, Zn²⁺ concentration 20 g/L, mass ratio of ZnO to ammonium chloride 1:10), the regulation of pH 1-pH 5 on zinc target electrodeposition was systematically studied. The results show that under the optimal conditions, the deposition efficiency of Zn reaches 91.25 % within 2 h, and 99.69 % of Zn in the solution can be deposited on the substrate within 6 h. Compared with the traditional method, the deposition time is significantly shortened. Characterization through SEM, XRD, and EDS confirmed that the deposited layer is smooth and dense, with a uniform distribution of Zn elements; the coating consists of densely packed hexagonal zinc (space group P63/mmc). Electrochemical analyses revealed that the deposition of Zn²⁺ is diffusion-controlled and followed a continuous nucleation growth mechanism. Thermal shock experiments validated that the zinc target meets the adhesion strength and thermal stability requirements for proton irradiation conditions in a cyclotron. This process provides a reliable solution for the large-scale production of high specific activity ⁶⁷Cu utilizing ⁶⁸Zn target materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of indoor Radon concentration in monumental mosque minarets of Muğla Province, Türkiye: Geological correlations, building materials, and public health implications","authors":"Mutlu Zeybek ,&nbsp;Alican Kop ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Daanoba Sunkari","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radon-222 (²²²Rn) is a radioactive, inert noble gas and a known carcinogen that is imperceptible to human senses. Due to its health risks and undetectable nature, understanding its indoor accumulation is critical for public safety. This study investigates indoor radon concentrations (IRCs) in 840 monumental mosque minarets (MMs) across 13 districts of Muğla Province, southwestern Türkiye, and examines their relationship with soil radon concentrations (SRCs), geological formations, building materials, and active fault lines. IRC and SRC were measured using RadonEye and Markus 10 devices, respectively, between 2018 and 2020, and spatial analyses were conducted using ArcGIS software. The highest IRC (2809 Bq/m³) was recorded in Marmaris in a minaret constructed from uranium-rich volcanic rocks, while the highest SRC (120 000 Bq/m³) was observed in Bodrum in alluvium derived from similar lithologies near active faults. Conversely, the lowest SRC (1000 Bq/m³) was found in Datça in peridotite-derived alluvium. Approximately 10 % of MMs exceeded the European Indoor Radon Reference Value (EIRRV) of 200 Bq/m³, with 30 % and 40 % surpassing 300 and 400 Bq/m³, respectively. These findings highlight the urgent need for systematic radon monitoring and mitigation in buildings, particularly in geologically susceptible regions, to reduce long-term public health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiobiological effects of AB-BNCT on tongue squamous cell carcinoma: An in vitro and in vivo study","authors":"Hefa Huang ,&nbsp;Rui Quan ,&nbsp;Wenming Zhou ,&nbsp;Haixi Wang ,&nbsp;Menglin Wu ,&nbsp;Shirui Wang ,&nbsp;Weiqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Ruirong Zhuang ,&nbsp;Xingcai Guan ,&nbsp;Shixu Zhang ,&nbsp;Aihong Mao ,&nbsp;Long Gu ,&nbsp;Zhongying Dai ,&nbsp;Lu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigated the radiobiological effects of an accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT) system on SAS cells, a human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cell line. In vitro experimental results showed that <em>L</em>-¹⁰B-BPA incubation within 12 h had no significant effect on cell viability. At 24 and 48 h post-irradiation, the 26N20 group exhibited 11 % and 31.91 % reductions in cell viability, accompanied by 82.15 % and 68.34 % decreases in proliferation rates, respectively, compared to controls. In the 26N10 group, 48-h post-irradiation analysis revealed 49.05 % G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and a 40.17 % apoptosis rate (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div><div>In vivo experiments revealed that 1 h after <em>L</em>-¹⁰B-BPA administration, the boron concentration in tumor tissue reached 59.36 ppm with tumor-to-normal tissue (T/N) ratio reached a maximum value of 8.48. Thirteen days after treatment, a complete tumor response was observed in 33 % of cases, while the objective response rate reached 100 %. Median survival time was significantly prolonged to 68 days from 27days for control (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, at advantage depth, the <em>L</em>-¹⁰B-BPA combined with neutron irradiation failed to confer survival benefit. Neutron irradiation alone demonstrated tumor growth-promoting effects at identical fluence levels. These findings underscore the critical need to address dose cold spots in deep-seated tumors during clinical applications.</div><div>These results indicate that the AB-BNCT system effectively suppresses the progression of TSCC, likely through the induction of DNA damage and apoptosis. Further studies will explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of BNCT-induced apoptosis, providing a scientific basis for its precise clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric evaluation of Lightning inverse radiation planning and manual forward planning methods in cranial radiosurgery with Gammaknife system","authors":"Manoj K. Semwal ,&nbsp;Ajit Singh ,&nbsp;Raj Ratan ,&nbsp;Julipriya Jena ,&nbsp;Sankalp Singh ,&nbsp;T.J. Rappai","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress achieved in EURAMET project 21GRD09 MetroPOEM: Metrology for the harmonisation of measurements of environmental pollutants in Europe","authors":"Dirk Arnold ,&nbsp;Rasmus Andreasen ,&nbsp;Oktay Cankur ,&nbsp;Lucille Chambon ,&nbsp;Marcus Christl ,&nbsp;José Antonio Corcho Alvarado ,&nbsp;Stefan Röllin ,&nbsp;Betül Ari Engin ,&nbsp;Arunas Gudelis ,&nbsp;Karin Hain ,&nbsp;Violeta Hansen ,&nbsp;Steffen Happel ,&nbsp;Mihail-Razvan Ioan ,&nbsp;Johanna Irrgeher ,&nbsp;Simon Jerome ,&nbsp;Béatrice Lalère ,&nbsp;Valérie Lourenço ,&nbsp;Dmitriy Malinovskiy ,&nbsp;Monika Mazánová ,&nbsp;Jelena Krneta Nikolić ,&nbsp;Tea Zuliani","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The European Green Deal's ambition for zero pollution requires development of highly sensitive techniques to detect ultra-low amounts of pollutants and isotope ratios, where mass spectrometry is a key method. The MetroPOEM project bridges the traceability gap between activity and mass-based measurements.</div><div>Low level radioactive standard solutions (⁹⁰Sr, ²³⁷Np, ²³⁴U, ²³⁶U, natural uranium (U_nat), ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu, ²⁴¹Am, ^239,240Pu) were distributed to 18 partner laboratories for measurement by mass spectrometric and decay counting techniques. The results and data analysis will be published separately.</div><div>SI-traceable high precision methods were developed for isotope ratio determination of Li, B, Cr, Cd, Ni, Sb, Pb and U in seawater. Method development addressed analyte separation from the matrix, evaluation of calibration approaches, isotope fractionation corrections and uncertainty estimation.</div><div>Seawater (250 L) was taken from the German North Sea exclusive economic zone (DE-EEZ) to develop two certified reference materials (CRMs). Part of this material was used to generate a CRM with SI traceability for isotope ratios of Li, B, Cr, Cd, Ni, Sb, Pb and U. The second part was used to generate a seawater CRM, spiked with U_nat, ²³⁷Np, ^239,240Pu and ²⁴¹Am.</div><div>A solid silica-based CRM, spiked with U_nat, ²³⁷Np, ^239,240Pu and ²⁴¹Am, was produced by sol-gel synthesis, with ∼10 kg of inactive material for method development.</div><div>These materials were characterised in accordance with ISO 17034 by interlaboratory studies between project partners, using techniques developed in the project.</div><div>Two Good Practice Guides, on (i) measurement of radioactivity by mass spectrometry, and (ii) sample treatment, uncertainties, and mass bias quantification, are in draft.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145084929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decontamination of 60Co, 137Cs and 241Am from sensitive equipment-related materials using commercially available products","authors":"Jaleh Semmler,&nbsp;Arshad Toor,&nbsp;Zahid Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reports the efficacy of seven commercially available decontamination products for decontamination of sensitive equipment-related materials contaminated with ⁶⁰Co, ¹³⁷Cs and ²⁴¹Am. Several of the products tested were developed for decontamination of chemical warfare agents and biological contaminants rather than radiological nuclear contaminants. They were included in the tests to determine their suitability for materials contaminated with radiological/nuclear materials. Flat coupons made of stainless steel, aluminum and glass, and samples with complex geometries composed of mixed materials (plastic, painted and unpainted metals), personal computer boards, terminal connectors, and solderable half-sized breadboards were used for testing. A functioning alarm clock was also tested; the alarm clock is still functional two and half-years after radionuclide contamination and subsequent decontamination using two of the commercial products. The test results show that many of the products tested are effective for decontamination of the substrates tested. Substrate material and radionuclide chemistry affected removal efficacy, with removal of ²⁴¹Am being more difficult than removal of either ⁶⁰Co or ¹³⁷Cs. The substrate geometry had a significant effect on process effectiveness, the removal efficacy for all radionuclides decreased as the substrate geometry became more complex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorption of products of radiolysis of superplasticizers on hardened cement paste","authors":"Marko Štrok ,&nbsp;Tamara Bizjak ,&nbsp;David Heath ,&nbsp;Ester Heath","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been identified as a radiolytical degradation product of polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizers, which are used to improve the workability of cement, including in the facilities and structures for disposal of radioactive waste. PEG can complex radionuclides and occupy sorption sites on the cement, altering their behaviour in a cementitious environment. This study quantifies PEG sorption on two hardened cement paste samples of cement type CEM I at degradation stages II and III. Results show higher <em>K</em>_d values for lower initial concentrations of PEG, indicating the presence of sorption sites with different affinities for PEG in hardened cement paste samples, while the estimated maximum PEG production from the degradation of PCE superplasticizers shows that there is potentially an order of magnitude more PEG available in the cement that can be sorbed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a gamma-gamma angular correlation digital instrumentation at LNE-LNHB","authors":"Sylvain Leblond,&nbsp;Christophe Bobin","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The LNE-LNHB has recently developed a coincidence instrumentation to take advantage of the latest developments in fast digital acquisition. The performances of the new setup have been tested using two LaBr₃ scintillation detectors to investigate gamma-gamma angular correlation in ⁶⁰Co decay. For that purpose, a specific goniometer based on a simple design was developed. The data collection using a list-mode data acquisition with a CAEN DT5730 digitizer was carried out over a period of three months using an 800-kBq ⁶⁰Co source. The counting analysis was performed taking advantage of the fast decay properties, and good energy resolution, of the two LaBr₃ detectors allowing a very strict selection of the coincident gamma events. From this study, the parameters of ⁶⁰Ni angular correlation were determined to be equal to <em>a</em>_<em>2</em> = 0.1030(31) and <em>a</em>_<em>4</em> = 0.0097(36), respectively. These results are consistent with previously published values. The accuracy obtained is compared to various recent studies and to a reference cryogenic measurement. Prospects for improvement of the experimental setup are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of list-mode digital dataset by Geant4 for comparison of radionuclide standardization algorithm","authors":"Zihao Fan ,&nbsp;Romain Coulon ,&nbsp;Haoran Liu ,&nbsp;Eric Macedo ,&nbsp;Cong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The algorithms for radionuclide standardization play a key role in accurate measurement of activity. The implementation of these algorithms requires rigorous validation to build trust and confidence in their application, which can be achieved through participation in algorithm comparisons. This work aims to generate List-Mode Digital Datasets (LMDDs) used for comparison using the Geant4 toolkit. Three models were developed based on the 4πβ(PC)-γ, 4πβ(LS)-γ, and TDCR counting systems, respectively. This paper details the data acquisition, processing, and output in simulations. Additionally, data quality assessment for LMDDs was carried out to ensure that the simulated LMDDs from the Geant4 model is reliable and suitable for algorithm comparison. Feasibility verification of these LMDDs in data analysis were performed using existing radionuclide standardization algorithms. The results demonstrate that these simulated LMDDs exhibit significant potential for application in radionuclide standardization algorithm comparison.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving gamma spectrometry for radionuclide analysis of extraterrestrial samples","authors":"Íñigo de Loyola Chacartegui Rojo ,&nbsp;Benoit Sabot ,&nbsp;Frédéric Girault ,&nbsp;Pierre-Yves Meslin","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the recent return of extraterrestrial material from the Chang’E 5 and Chang’E 6 missions, and the upcoming Mars Sample Return mission, it is essential to develop optimised methodologies for their analysis. These samples are rare and valuable, typically consisting of low-mass, fine-powdered regolith with very low natural radioactivity. This work, carried out at the Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNE-LNHB), presents an adapted gamma-ray spectrometry methodology to determine the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in extraterrestrial samples, with a particular focus on understanding the mobility of <figure><img></figure> in planetary regoliths and atmospheres/exospheres.</div><div>A bespoke sample holder was designed to minimise gamma-ray self attenuation, particularly in the low energy range, while providing the gas-tightness and inert handling conditions necessary to preserve pristine extraterrestrial material. In addition, a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer with an active anti-coincidence veto was optimised to increase detection efficiency, with a particular focus on the 46.54<!--> <!-->keV emission of <figure><img></figure> . To validate this methodology, a Martian regolith analog (JSC Mars-1) was analysed immediately after enclosure, with a total measurement time of 36.25 days.</div><div>This approach allowed for precise quantification of radionuclides in extraterrestrial samples, overcoming the challenges posed by their low mass, precious and difficult-to-handle nature. The measured specific activities (activity per unit mass of material) with expanded uncertainties (k=2) for <figure><img></figure> , <figure><img></figure> , <figure><img></figure> , <figure><img></figure> , and <figure><img></figure> were 28.6 ± 5.7<!--> <!-->Bq<!--> <!-->kg^-1, 19.8 ± 3.6<!--> <!-->Bq<!--> <!-->kg^-1, 15.4 ± 2.5<!--> <!-->Bq<!--> <!-->kg^-1, 0.13 ± 0.03<!--> <!-->Bq<!--> <!-->kg^-1, 146 ± 12<!--> <!-->Bq<!--> <!-->kg^-1, respectively, compatible with reported data on much larger sample masses. These results demonstrate the capability of this optimised methodology to aid in the radiological characterization of extraterrestrial materials while ensuring minimal sample usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}