Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

{"title":"Study of mechanical and electrical properties through positron annihilation spectroscopy for different thickness of NBR/PVC/Gamma 600 blend","authors":"Hamdy F.M. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Howayda G. Taha ,&nbsp;I.T. Zedan ,&nbsp;Yehya S. Elsharkawy ,&nbsp;Mohamed R.M. Elsharkawy","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the nano-structural and dielectric behavior of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite filled with Gamma 600, a newly developed lead-free radiation shielding filler, for protection against ionizing radiation. The NBR/PVC composite was prepared in an 80:20 wt ratio and processed with standard rubber compounding additives. The filler was incorporated at a concentration of 72.6 phr. The NBR/PVC/Gamma 600 blend was processed into two sheets of different thicknesses (1.95 mm and 3.25 mm) to examine the influence of thickness variation on ion transport characteristics and the behavior of the free volume. Wide angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD) measurements confirmed the loss of semi-crystalline order in thinner samples, reflecting enhanced radiation interaction at reduced thickness. Yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at failure reflect a clear difference in degree of crystallinity between the two thicknesses of the blend, where the thicker NBR/PVC/Gamma 600 (3.25 mm) had a high degree of crystallinity and showed higher yield and ultimate stress than the thinner sample (1.95 mm). The positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy served as a sensitive probe for nanoscopic free volume, while AC conductivity and dielectric spectroscopy assessed the electrical performance following Jonscher's power law and the correlated barrier hopping model. The results revealed a gradual decline in <em>o</em>-Ps lifetime τ₃ and intensity <em>I</em>_<em>3</em> over long-term measurement times, indicating progressive structural densification. The thicker samples showed a slightly enhanced electrical conductivity and a more stable dielectric response. The reduction in free volume size reflected by <em>o</em>-Ps lifetime τ₃ confirmed this densification process over the 20 h measurement period. These structural changes, along with conductivity trends, suggest improved stability for use in radiation shielding environments. The dielectric constant and loss factor displayed expected frequency-dependent trends, with thicker samples exhibiting higher conductivity. These results presented the usefulness of the dielectric spectroscopy and positron annihilation spectroscopy for investigating the nanostructure of blends exposed to ionized radiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 112457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146045960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and Monte Carlo simulation studies on the radiation shielding performance of lead-free TeO2-ZnO-CaO-B2O3 glass system","authors":"Sk Rezaul Karim ,&nbsp;Taruni Kumar Sahu ,&nbsp;Haridas G. ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ashiq","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents the theoretical and simulation studies of the radiation shielding performance of lead-free TeO₂-ZnO-CaO-B₂O₃ glass system. The theoretical density of the glass system was calculated using the rule of mixture and increased from 3.63 to 4.56 g/cm³ with increasing TeO₂ content. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) of the TeZnCaB glass system were evaluated over a photon energy range of 0.015–10 MeV using FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation and validated through XCOM and Phy-X/PSD software, showing excellent agreement. The MAC values increased progressively with TeO₂ addition, reaching a maximum of 36.437 cm²/g at 0.015 MeV for the TeZnCaB45 sample, indicating enhanced radiation shielding capability. Correspondingly, the half-value layer (HVL) decreased from 0.0069 to 0.0045 cm at 0.015 MeV and from 7.385 to 5.617 cm at 10 MeV, following the trend TeZnCaB20 &gt; TeZnCaB25 &gt; TeZnCaB30 &gt; TeZnCaB35 &gt; TeZnCaB40 &gt; TeZnCaB45. Similarly, the mean free path (MFP) decreased with increasing TeO₂ concentration, confirming improved attenuation efficiency. The effective atomic number (Z_eff) increased from 32.885 to 38.445 at low photon energy, reflecting stronger photon-matter interaction with increasing TeO₂ content. Among the investigated compositions, the TeZnCaB45 sample exhibited the best overall shielding performance due to its highest density, largest MAC and maximum Z_eff. Moreover, the developed glasses demonstrated superior shielding performance compared to some commercial shielding glasses and ordinary concrete. These findings indicate that the TeZnCaB glasses are eco-friendly, non-toxic and promising alternatives to lead, with strong potential as effective shielding materials for X-ray and gamma-ray protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 112456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"241Am: A new nuclide for reference α−filter production and calibration","authors":"Grégoire Dougniaux ,&nbsp;Benoît Sabot ,&nbsp;Bernadette Dhieux Lestaevel ,&nbsp;Sylvie Pierre","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112435","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In the field of nuclear safety and environmental monitoring, accurate measurement of radionuclide activity in aerosols collected on filters is of critical importance, particularly in terms of the traceability of such measurements, as they can inform operational decision-making. Laboratories, especially in France, commonly employ radionuclides such as &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;137&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Cs&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; for &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-ray or &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-particle emitters, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;90&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Sr&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;/&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;90&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Y&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; for pure &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;β&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-particle emitters and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;239&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Pu&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; for &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-particle emitters to calibrate their measurement instruments. However, the use of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;239&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Pu&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; presents challenges, including the necessity to destroy the filter to determine its traceable activity and associated uncertainties with liquid scintillation counting. &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;241&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Am&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is an alternative reference nuclide. It can be measured non-destructively while maintaining traceability to the International System (SI) and having properties similar to those of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;239&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Pu&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; in &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-particle measurements. The ASNR’s ICARE&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; test bench, a unique facility in Europe, is utilized to produce reference filters with &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;241&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Am&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; of a defined AMAD.&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The reference activity of these filters is measured via &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;γ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-ray spectrometry on a CEA/LNHB reference HPGe&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; spectrometer. &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;241&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Am&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; provides accurate activity determination with minimal uncertainty. The final calibration comparison on a gas-proportional counter with two PTFE&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; membrane filters, one with &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;239&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Pu&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; the other with &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;241&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Am&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, confirm the advantages in using &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;241&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Am&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; as nuclide for reference &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-filters. The high quality of th","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 112435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isotopic exchange of tritium (3H) and 14C in gas/liquid systems","authors":"Øyvind Dugstad ,&nbsp;Tor Bjørnstad","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of tracers to follow the flow of injected fluids (water or gas) in petroleum and geothermal reservoirs have shown to be highly successful. Direction of flow, flow velocities, sweep efficiency and, for geothermal reservoirs, the effectiveness of heat extraction are monitored. Some of the applicable tracers are also radiolabeled, for instance with tritium (³H or T) and/or ¹⁴C. So-called conservative tracers (not degraded by environmental factors) are required. The most trustworthy conservative tracer compounds are those consisting of a molecule of the traced phase where one of the atoms has been exchanged with a radioactive isotope of the same element. Examples are HTO for water and CH₃T or CH₃CH₂T for lean hydrocarbon gas. Also, the radionuclide ¹⁴C can be used by exchange with natural non-radioactive carbon isotopes. Such a tracer compounds are called intrinsic radiotracers.</div><div>However, during contact of such compounds with reservoir fluids one mechanism which may contribute to loss of tracer is the exchange of the radioactive label (T or ¹⁴C) with non-radioactive hydrogen and carbon isotopes in the reservoir fluids. This process is called isotope exchange and may be composed of several mechanisms. The aim of the present study has been limited to examine the potential for isotopic exchange, as a sink mechanism, for the gases tritiated and ¹⁴C-labelled methane and ethane to water and oil in petroleum reservoirs. The highest exchange rate found is 3,2 % of tritium from radiolabeled ethane to water at 150 °C after 6 months. All factors evaluated, this level of exchange is judged acceptable for the labelled compounds to be considered as conservative tracers for gas injection in oil reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 112428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the gamma emission intensities of 61Cu","authors":"Frédéric Juget,&nbsp;L. Desorgher,&nbsp;M. Teresa Durán,&nbsp;Youcef Nedjadi,&nbsp;Claude Bailat","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gamma emission probabilities of ⁶¹Cu were determined using a high-purity germanium spectrometer using a sample standardized by Triple to Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR), CIEMAT/NIST. A total of 24 gamma-ray lines were measured and compared with previous measurements performed more than 35 years ago. Results present a large uncertainty reduction compared to previous evaluations, in particular for the two main lines at 283 and 656 keV going down to 1.3 % and 1.1 % respectively, compared to around 15 % in the databases. Only the intensities for the two lines at 1662 and 1729 keV disagree with previous measurements giving a discrepancy above 20 %. Seven lines were not observed due to their expected low intensities and additional measurements have to be performed. This work improves considerably the emission probabilities values and their uncertainties in comparison with the current available data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 112462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Self2Self self-supervised denoising framework to airborne gamma-ray spectrometry data","authors":"Fan Li ,&nbsp;Chao Xiong ,&nbsp;Jiahao He ,&nbsp;Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Xinjie Wang ,&nbsp;Hexi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry(AGRS)data are susceptible to degradation due to factors such as flight altitude variations, constraints on detector volume, and intricate background interferences, which collectively hinder the acquisition of high-quality reference samples in field environments and curtail the performance of conventional denoising techniques. This study investigates the potential feasibility of the Self2Self self-supervised denoising algorithm in this domain. The approach requires only a single noisy image, employing random Bernoulli masks to produce incomplete image variants, thereby forcing an enhanced U-Net architecture to reconstruct the values of masked pixels. Furthermore, it integrates dropout mechanisms for multiple sampling alongside ensemble prediction strategies to alleviate variance and generate high-fidelity denoised outputs. Experiments were conducted utilizing data from the LSS experimental zone in Gansu Province, with evaluations performed via peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index measure (SSIM), and feature peak signal-to-noise ratio (FPSNR) metrics. The outcomes reveal that post-denoising, the PSNR values for thorium (Th), potassium (K), and uranium (U) attained 32.03 dB, 30.53 dB, and 28.66 dB, respectively, accompanied by SSIM values of 0.99, 0.97, and 0.91. Additionally, the FPSNR for the characteristic peaks of each radionuclide exhibited enhancements ranging from 2.43 to 2.60 dB, with the uranium series representing a relative improvement of 29.6 %. This methodology proficiently preserves spectral peak morphologies and gradient transitions while effectively attenuating stripe artifacts, thereby augmenting overall image quality. The research furnishes novel perspectives for leveraging AGRS in mineral prospecting and environmental surveillance, substantiating the robustness of the Self2Self framework in processing datasets characterized by low count rates and stochastic noise perturbations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 112468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma ray interaction studies on light-weight, eco-friendly PVA-based composites using construction waste materials as fillers","authors":"Ashwitha Chikkegowda ,&nbsp;Adarsh Raj Lingaraj ,&nbsp;Vaishnavi Narayan ,&nbsp;Sankarshan Belur Mohan ,&nbsp;Sannathammegowda Krishnaveni","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The search for alternatives to toxic lead-based shielding materials is vital for sustainable radiation protection. This study investigates polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites reinforced with recycled eco-friendly fillers: granite, glass, and redmud as substitutes for conventional gamma-ray shields. Shielding parameters, including Linear and Mass attenuation coefficients (μ, μ/ρ), Half value layer (HVL), Tenth value layer (TVL), Mean free path (λ), and Effective atomic number (Z_eff), were measured for composites with 10–40 wt% filler concentrations using gamma energies from 511 to 1332 keV. Experimental results closely matched theoretical values determined from XCOM and AutoZeff softwares. The findings show that increasing filler concentrations lead to an increase in μ, μ/ρ, and Z_eff, whereas decrease in HVL, TVL, and λ for all three PVA composites. The maximum value of μ/ρ i.e., 0.090, 0.089, and 0.082 cm²/g is observed at 511 keV, and Z_eff i.e., 10.068, 8.527 and 7.988 at 1332 keV for 40 wt% filler concentration for PVA - Granite, PVA-Glass and PVA-Redmud, respectively. Furthermore, among the composites, PVA–granite exhibited the highest μ (0.28 cm⁻¹), μ/ρ (0.09 cm²/g), and Z_eff (10.07), along with the lowest HVL (2.50 cm), TVL (8.31 cm), and λ (3.61 cm) values at 40 wt% for a given energy. These results highlight that PVA–granite acts as a relatively better shielding composite and serves as a promising, lightweight, flexible, and eco-friendly alternative for radiation shielding in medical, nuclear, and aerospace applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145676159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent isomeric yield ratios of 131m,gTe and 133m,gTe in the quasi-mono-energetic neutron induced fission of 238U","authors":"H. Naik ,&nbsp;Meghna Karkera ,&nbsp;Vibha Vansola ,&nbsp;Santhi Sheela Yeraguntla ,&nbsp;Mayur Mehta ,&nbsp;S.V. Suryanarayana ,&nbsp;R. Makwana","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of fission products ^131m,gTe and ^133m,gTe in the 4.93, 6.61, 8.31 and 10.92 MeV quasi-mono-energetic neutron-induced fission of ²³⁸U have been measured by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The neutron beams were obtained from the ⁷Li(p, n) reaction with the proton energies of 7, 11, 15 and 18.8 MeV. From the IR values, the root mean square fragment angular momenta (<em>J</em>_<em>RMS</em>) were deduced by using spin dependent statistical model analysis. The role of excitation energy on the IR and J_RMS values of the considered fission products were examined in the fast neutron induced fission of ²³⁸U at different energy. The effect of nuclear structure was also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145833031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of adding BaO and CaO for gamma shielding and optical properties of borate glasses","authors":"M.I. Sayyed ,&nbsp;Yasser Maghrbi ,&nbsp;Aljawhara H. Almuqrin ,&nbsp;Shrikant Biradar ,&nbsp;Siti Nurasiah Mat Nawi ,&nbsp;Mayeen Uddin Khandaker","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three borate-based glass samples with compositions of xBaO-15Na₂O-10Al₂O₃-(70–2x)B₂O₃-(x+5)CaO (x = 5, 10, and 15 mol%) were fabricated through the melt-quenching route for the assessment of their structure, optical features, and radiation shielding efficiency. FTIR spectra revealed the coexistence of BO₃ and BO₄ structural units, whose relative proportions varied with increasing BaO and CaO content. Increasing the BaO and CaO fractions led to a redshift in the UV–Visible spectra, reflecting a higher degree of structural distortion in the borate glass framework. Both direct and indirect optical band gaps showed a decreasing trend (3.804 ± 0.01 to 3.028 ± 0.01 eV and 3.387 ± 0.01 to 2.807 ± 0.01 eV, respectively), attributed to the increased presence of non-bridging oxygens. The observed rise in Urbach energy (0.241 ± 0.001 to 0.346 ± 0.001 eV) suggests an increase in defect concentration and network disorder. Radiation shielding performance was assessed across 0.015–15 MeV, revealing that the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) decreased with photon energy but increased with BaO content, reaching 67.034 cm⁻¹ at 0.015 MeV for the Ba15Ca20 sample. The effective atomic number (Z_eff) varied with energy and composition, attaining maximum values of 23.52, 29.98, and 33.88 for Ba5Ca10, Ba10Ca15, and Ba15Ca20 glasses, respectively, at 0.015 MeV. The half-value layer (HVL) values of the prepared glasses were consistently lower than those of previously reported BaO-SiO₂-B₂O₃ systems, confirming superior attenuation efficiency. The results show that the developed glass system demonstrates excellent potential for multifunctional optical and radiation shielding purposes, such as medical radiation shields, nuclear waste containment materials, and transparent shielding windows in nuclear facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity standardization and determination of the half-life of Tb-161","authors":"N. Lisowska,&nbsp;J. Marganiec-Gałązka,&nbsp;M. Czudek,&nbsp;A. Kamiński,&nbsp;E. Kołakowska,&nbsp;E. Lech,&nbsp;A. Listkowska,&nbsp;D. Pawlak,&nbsp;P. Saganowski,&nbsp;Z. Tymiński","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2026.112420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terbium-161 is widely researched as a candidate for applications in nuclear medicine, creating an urgent need for precise activity determinations and accurate nuclear data. In this work, the activity of Tb-161 was measured using three LSC methods - 4πβ-γ-coincidence counting, TDCR and CIEMAT-NIST, giving consistent results. The half-life of the radionuclide was determined in a measurement campaign performed over approximately 42 days using two TDCR systems. The obtained result of 6.9618(18) days validates the recently reported values in literature data and confirms that the half-life of Tb-161 is higher than the currently recommended value of 6.89(2) days (Reich, 2011).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}