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Interlaboratory comparison of gross alpha/beta activity of drinking water over a decade 十年间饮用水中总α/β放射性活度的实验室间比较
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111521
{"title":"Interlaboratory comparison of gross alpha/beta activity of drinking water over a decade","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interlaboratory comparison exercises for determining the gross alpha and beta activity concentrations in drinking water, organized by the National Institute for Radiological Protection (NIRP), China CDC, have been carried out since 2012. The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy and precision of gross alpha and beta analyses of low-level radioactivity concentrations. Natural water samples were used for the comparison, and the performance of the participating laboratories was evaluated with respect to the reference values using the <em>Z</em>-score performance indicator. The comparison data from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed, where the percentage of laboratories with acceptable results was 80–92%, and the dispersion of the measurement results across laboratories became smaller over time. The results demonstrate that these exercises can help laboratories to resolve issues in gross α/β analysis and improve the consistency of the measurement results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A custom-made integrated system for thermoluminescence and radioluminescence spectroscopy 用于热释光和辐射释光光谱的定制集成系统
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111516
{"title":"A custom-made integrated system for thermoluminescence and radioluminescence spectroscopy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermoluminescence (TL) and Radioluminescence (RL) are widely used in dosimetry applications. We present a custom-built integrated system, designated LUMI22, for measuring TL, TL spectroscopy, RL, and RL as a function of temperature. LUMI22 includes a heating system based on Kanthal® A1 alloy (FeCrAl), a microcontroller to regulate the temperature ramps (e.g. 1–5 °C/s). To irradiate samples an X-ray tube (Moxtek 50 kV, 50 μA) is powered, controlled, and monitored by an FTC-200 standard controller. The dose rate at the sample position is 0.43 Gy/min. Light collection includes a Photomultiplier Tube (PMT, Hamamatsu H10493-012:HA, 185–850 nm). Additionally, a miniature fiber optic spectrometer (Ocean Optics, QE65000, range 200–1100 nm) coupled with a 1000 μm diameter fiber optic (QP1000- 2-UV-VIS) was employed for TL and RL spectroscopy measurements. To assess the functionality of the system, it was used to measure TL and RL from Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:C,Mg, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:C and TLD-100 phosphors which have been previously well investigated. The measured TL and RL data were well compared to the published ones, confirming the functionality of the system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of a compact and portable space neutron spectrometer based on Monte Carlo 基于蒙特卡洛的紧凑型便携式空间中子能谱仪的设计
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111500
{"title":"Design of a compact and portable space neutron spectrometer based on Monte Carlo","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the rapid development of space exploration, the detection of space neutron radiation is becoming increasingly important. The currently widely used Bonner sphere spectrometer have drawbacks such as large size and weight, as well as low fault tolerance, when detecting space neutron spectra. This paper describes in detail a new type of space neutron spectrometer (SNS), which has two different specifications to adapt to the directional and non-directional neutron field environment, and can measure the directional neutron energy spectrum. For the directed neutron field, SNS integrates 12 <sup>3</sup>He thermal neutron counters (diameter 3 cm: 3, diameter 4 cm: 6, diameter 5 cm: 3) and uses cylindrical polyethylene as a moderator. For non-directed neutron fields, SNS integrates 9 <sup>3</sup>He thermal neutron counters (diameter 3 cm: 4, diameter 4 cm: 3, diameter 5 cm: 2) located in a single structure made of polyethylene, boron-containing polyethylene and gadolinium. The device is capable of providing a strong directional response in the energy range of thermal neutrons up to 20 MeV, with little sensitivity to neutrons coming from directions other than the axis of the cylinder. The Monte Carlo transport code FLUKA was used to determine the final configuration of the instrument, including the arrangement, number, and position of thermal neutron counters. In addition, the response matrix of the instrument was calculated using FLUKA code. This device can replace traditional Bonner sphere spectrometer for measuring space neutrons, and it also provides reference value for downsized and lightweight neutron spectrometers on the ground.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nuclear-excited source of coherent and incoherent radiation with direct nuclear pumping 具有直接核抽运功能的相干和非相干辐射核激源
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111503
{"title":"Nuclear-excited source of coherent and incoherent radiation with direct nuclear pumping","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Uranium fission fragments, as well as the products of <sup>3</sup>He(n,p)<sup>3</sup>H and <sup>10</sup>B(n,α)<sup>7</sup>Li nuclear reactions were utilized in the nuclear reactor for gas ionization and excitation. However, the <sup>6</sup>Li(n,α)<sup>3</sup>H nuclear reaction was less examined. The use of lithium-6 as a surface source of excitation of the gas medium, due to the long path length of tritium nuclei in the gas, allows to excite large volumes of gas as opposed to using <sup>235</sup>U or <sup>10</sup>B.</p><p>While investigating the luminescence of noble gases in the core of the IVG.1M research reactor, we noted an appearance of alkali metal lines and a sharp increase in the intensity of these lines at temperatures above 570 K. It was determined that the population of levels of lithium atoms has practically no effect on the population of the 2p-levels of atoms of noble gases. The selectivity of p- and s-levels deactivation by lithium atoms implies the possibility of creating inversion of population at 2p-1s transitions of noble gas atoms. Successful experiments to study the luminescence of gases upon excitation by <sup>6</sup>Li(n,α)<sup>3</sup>H nuclear reaction products allow us to proceed to experiments to achieve the laser action threshold and study the lasing characteristics of gas mixtures at the IGR pulsed nuclear reactor with thermal neutron flux density up to 7∙10<sup>16</sup> n/cm<sup>2</sup>s. For this purpose, an experimental device designs were proposed to perform experiments on the IGR reactor. A step-by-step procedure of fabrication of a nuclear-excited source for excitation of gas mixtures is provided. The results of reactor experiments aimed at determining the spectral and temporal characteristics of optical radiation during excitation of gas mixtures by <sup>6</sup>Li(n,α)<sup>3</sup>H nuclear reaction products are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FeCrNi medium entropy alloys as potential shielding materials for nuclear applications 作为核应用潜在屏蔽材料的铁铬镍中熵合金
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111501
{"title":"FeCrNi medium entropy alloys as potential shielding materials for nuclear applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metallic alloys of different compositions are basic structures for building different types of nuclear reactors. This study evaluates the nuclear properties for three medium entropy alloys against incident neutrons and gamma radiation. The alloys had different chemical compositions prepared by powder technology and were compared with two stainless steel alloys for use in constructing different parts of nuclear power plant units. The shielding parameters were calculated: linear attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, tenth-value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number (Z<sub>eff</sub>), effective electronic number, and neutron removal cross-section. The Z<sub>eff</sub> of all investigated alloys had a range of 25.46–25.93.Sample 1 medium entropy alloy had the lowest neutron absorption feature and the greatest density (7.890 ± 0.323 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) and Sample 3 medium entropy alloy had the largest neutron absorption feature. The study indicates that medium entropy alloys have potential for enhancing efficiency and safety of nuclear reactors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing the deviation from the inverse square law for orthovoltage beams with closed-ended applicators Part II: 30 cm FSD applicators 评估使用闭端涂抹器的正交电压束偏离平方反比定律的情况 第二部分：30 厘米 FSD 涂抹器
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111514
{"title":"Assessing the deviation from the inverse square law for orthovoltage beams with closed-ended applicators Part II: 30 cm FSD applicators","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dose falls-off faster than the inverse square law (ISL) for orthovoltage beams with closed-ended applicators. This work investigates the discrepancy for 30 cm FSD applicators. When using the ISL alone, the maximum dosimetric error would be 3% and 5% at 10 mm and 20 mm from the applicator, respectively, and increases with larger distances. The effective source position was found to be 22.5 cm and reduces the dosimetric error to less than 1.6% for distances less than 20 mm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969804324003427/pdfft?md5=40bbf07cbf2a4964b900275c97496ca2&pid=1-s2.0-S0969804324003427-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Volume fraction detection in multiphase systems using neutron activation analysis and artificial neural network 利用中子活化分析和人工神经网络检测多相系统中的体积分数
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111504
{"title":"Volume fraction detection in multiphase systems using neutron activation analysis and artificial neural network","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents an application of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to detect fluids in an annular flow regime using Prompt-Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA). The ANN was trained using gamma-ray spectra resulting from neutron interactions with chemical elements found in fluids typical of multiphase flow in oil exploration. These spectra were generated through mathematical simulation using the MCNP6 Monte Carlo computer code to model nuclear particle transport. A<sup>241</sup>Am-Be polyenergetic neutron source was simulated for these calculations. Several combinations of fluid fractions were developed to create a dataset used for both training and evaluation of the ANN. The ANN demonstrated robust generalization capabilities by accurately predicting the volume fraction of the three investigated fluids (saltwater, oil, and gas), even for cases not included in the training phase. The combination of ANN and PGNAA proved effective for analyzing multiphase systems, with over 92% of all showing errors of less than 5%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement of the 117mSn, 125mTe, 135mBa and 195mPt half-lives for reactor dosimetry application 测量反应堆剂量测定应用中的 117mSn、125mTe、135mBa 和 195mPt 半衰期
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111512
{"title":"Measurement of the 117mSn, 125mTe, 135mBa and 195mPt half-lives for reactor dosimetry application","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nuclear isomers are investigated to perform precise epithermal neutron dosimetry. One key physical property for reactor dosimetry is the precise knowledge of the isomer half-life. In the list of potential candidates, the half-life values available in the literature or in the recommended database for reactor dosimetry for <sup>117m</sup>Sn, <sup>125m</sup>Te, <sup>135m</sup>Ba and <sup>195m</sup>Pt show some discrepancy. New half-life measurements are presented in this work. Those isomers were produced by neutron activation at the JSI TRIGA Reactor from tin, tellurium, barium (all three of them enriched in their parent of interest) and natural platinum dosimeters. Precise half-lives measurements were performed at the MADERE platform using gamma and X-ray spectrometry. Special care has been taken on the uncertainty determinations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Studies of phantom-solution systems for boron neutron capture therapy 硼中子俘获疗法的模型溶液系统研究
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111505
{"title":"Studies of phantom-solution systems for boron neutron capture therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to establish phantom-solution systems suitable for estimating doses in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The phantom containing three typical solutions, H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub>, LiOH, and Gd(NO₃)₃·6H₂O with different concentrations and nuclide abundances have been studied since the nuclides <sup>10</sup>B, <sup>6</sup>Li, and <sup>157</sup>Gd are capable of absorbing thermal neutrons. The results indicate that all three phantom-solution systems, with suitable concentrations and nuclide abundances, effectively distinguish between the nitrogen dose and the hydrogen dose for dose measurement in BNCT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Calculation of response parameters for a neutron long counter instrument 计算中子长计数器的响应参数
IF 1.6 3区 工程技术
Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111502
{"title":"Calculation of response parameters for a neutron long counter instrument","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary goal of this study was to develop a simulation model of a long counter available at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL). Using the Monte Carlo N-Particle version 6 (MCNP6) code, the model was used to calculate, as a function of incident energy, the number of counts recorded per source neutron, effective centre, and sensitivity. This study also carried out measurements of the neutron emission rate of and direct neutron flux at 2 m from an in-house <sup>252</sup>Cf neutron source.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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