Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献

{"title":"Study of archaeological ceramics from the north coast of Peru by EDXRF and exploratory multivariate analysis","authors":"C.S.A. Desanti ,&nbsp;C.R. Appoloni ,&nbsp;R.A. Ikeoka ,&nbsp;M.M.A. Suñer ,&nbsp;M. Fagundes ,&nbsp;F.A. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents the first results for elemental composition of 193 fragments ceramic from four sites located in Ventarrón-Collud archaeological complex, Peru. The results from EDXRF and multivariate analysis indicated statistical similarity among four groups of ceramic fragments, selected by remarkable stylistic variation, collected from different archaeological space/time contexts. The correspondence in the elemental composition of the ceramic paste of the artifacts corroborates the hypothesis that similar raw materials were used consistently throughout the entire occupation of this archaeological complex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of thermal, acoustic, mechanical, and radiation shielding performance of waste and natural fibers","authors":"Yusuf Kavun ,&nbsp;Mustafa Eken","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is crucial to address two pressing global issues, energy shortage and environmental pollution, when producing building insulation materials. Using waste and natural fiber groups can be part of the solution. The insulation material was produced using pumpkin fiber, chicken fiber, cotton waste, vermiculite, and epoxy as binders. The samples were tested for thermal conductivity coefficient, ultrasonic sound transmission rate, density, water absorption rate, compressive and bending strength, and fire resistance at temperatures of 75, 100, 125, and 150C. The samples produced using natural and waste materials yielded a thermal conductivity value of 0.041 W/mK, an ultrasonic sound transmission speed of 0.25 km/s, a compressive strength value of 1.57 MPa, and bending strength values of 0.91 MPa. It has been clearly demonstrated that, with its low volume loss, it can serve as an alternative to the EPS-XPS types available in the market. Furthermore, the linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) were examined to obtain radiation shielding properties of the samples at 1173 and 133 keV energies using a 60Co gamma source. Also, LAC values determined between 0,1167 ± 0,0452 cm⁻¹-0,2315 ± 0,0065 cm⁻¹ for 1173 keV and 0,1042 ± 0,0488 cm⁻¹ - 0,2141 ± 0,0062 cm⁻¹ for 1333 keV. Accordingly, it has been revealed that waste compositions are effective in protecting against radiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric evaluation of Rhizophora spp. particleboard bonded with animal protein adhesive at X-ray energies below 100 kVp","authors":"Ehsan Taghizadeh Tousi ,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Sadeghi","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research developed a bio-based adhesive (AP) derived from industrial slaughterhouse waste, comprising over 85% protein. The adhesive was characterized by a melting point of 193.14 °C, a neutral pH of 7, and a viscosity comparable to common wood adhesives such as urea-formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde. Utilizing this adhesive, a <em>Rhizophora</em> spp. particleboard phantom was produced, featuring wood particles of ≤149 μm, an adhesive concentration of 12%, and a target density of 1 g/cm³, adhering to a standard phantom dimension of 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm. The dosimetric properties of this particleboard phantom were subsequently compared with those of water and Perspex phantoms within an X-ray energy range of 60–100 kVp, employing high-sensitivity thermo-luminescent dosimeters (TL–100H). The findings indicated that the percentage depth dose (PDD) values of the AP-<em>Rhizophora</em> spp. particleboard were closely aligned with those of the Perspex and water phantoms, with the greatest discrepancy observed at 60 kVp. Additionally, the half-value layer (HVL) of the particleboard was similar to those of Perspex and water, particularly at diagnostic X-ray energies. These results demonstrate that the AP adhesive is effective for creating <em>Rhizophora</em> spp. particleboard phantoms, exhibiting dosimetric properties comparable to tissue-equivalent materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a TDCR counting system with anti-coincidence detectors","authors":"Yifan Tian ,&nbsp;Weihua Zeng ,&nbsp;Haoran Liu ,&nbsp;Juncheng Liang ,&nbsp;Zihao Fan ,&nbsp;Qianqian Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhijie Yang ,&nbsp;Qisheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengli Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When employing the TDCR method for standardization of low-activity liquid scintillation samples, fluctuations in system background can significantly impact both measurement uncertainties and minimum detectable activity (MDA). To mitigate this impact, a TDCR counting system with anti-coincidence detectors was developed. By analyzing the time difference distribution spectrum between the anti-coincidence channel and β channel, optimal parameters for the anti-coincidence module are determined. The objective of the study is to enhance the effectiveness of the anti-coincidence technique while minimizing the removal of real events. Finally, two sets of ³H and ¹⁴C samples with known activities of around 1 Bq are prepared via dilution to validate the performance of the system. Compared to without anti-coincidence, the background has been reduced by nearly 84%, leading to decreased fluctuations in the activity results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent isomeric yield ratios of fission products in the epi-cadmium neutron induced fission of 235U","authors":"H. Naik ,&nbsp;R.J. Singh ,&nbsp;S.P. Dange ,&nbsp;W. Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the epi-cadmium neutron induced fission of ²³⁵U, independent isomeric yield ratios (IR) of fission products ^130,132Sb, ^131,133Te, ^134,136I, ¹³⁵Xe and ¹³⁸Cs have been measured by using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The average neutron energy of the epi-cadmium reactor neutron spectrum is 1.9 MeV. From the IR values, the root mean square fragment angular momenta (<em>J</em>_<em>RMS</em>) were deduced by using spin dependent statistical model analysis. The IR and J_RMS values of considered fission products in the epi-cadmium neutron induced fission of ²³⁵U were compared with the literature data in the thermal neutron induced fission of ²³⁵U to examine the influence of excitation energy on nuclear structure effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142374989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of fast neutron induced (n,γ) reaction cross-section of 68Zn, 96Zr, 121Sb and 123Sb in the energy range of 1 to 2 MeV","authors":"N.S. Tawade ,&nbsp;S. Kumar ,&nbsp;S. Patra ,&nbsp;R. Tripathi ,&nbsp;C.S. Datrik ,&nbsp;P.K. Pujari ,&nbsp;R.G. Thomas ,&nbsp;G. Mishra ,&nbsp;A. Kumar ,&nbsp;S. De ,&nbsp;H. Kumawat","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The (n,γ) reaction cross-section for the elements ⁶⁸Zn, ⁹⁶Zr, ¹²¹Sb and ¹²³Sb, present in the reactor structural/shielding materials, was measured by neutron activation technique in the neutron energy region of 1–2 MeV as very limited data is available in this energy range. Further, the neutron spectrum peaks in this energy region for the fast breeder reactors and proposed accelerator driven sub-critical systems. The natural strontium (^natSr) element was used as a neutron flux monitor by considering effective combined reaction cross-section for ⁸⁶Sr(n,γ)⁸⁷Sr^m and ⁸⁷Sr(n,n′)⁸⁷Sr^m reactions. The pellets of mixture of sample and monitor were irradiated by a quasi-mono energetic fast neutron beam, generated by ⁷Li(p,n)⁷Be reaction at FOTIA, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India. The activity of activation products was measured by off-line gamma-ray spectrometry using High Purity Germanium Detector (HPGe). The present data with improved uncertainty and covariance analysis enhance the cross-section data base for better constraining the evaluated data and theoretical models. The theoretical (n,γ) reaction cross-sections were calculated using TALYS 1.96, which could reasonably explain the present data with the Fermi gas level density prescription.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111535"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the interaction parameters of charged and uncharged radiation types with some indoor plants","authors":"Ahmet Caf ,&nbsp;Ferdi Akman ,&nbsp;Hasan Oğul ,&nbsp;Mustafa Recep Kaçal","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how gamma rays, neutrons, and electrons interact with five commonly found indoor plants: <em>Spathiphyllum wallisii</em> (SW), <em>Ficus elastica</em> (FE), <em>Dieffenbachia camilla</em> (DC), <em>Schefflera arboricola</em> (SA), and <em>Ficus benjamina</em> (FB). Utilizing experimental measurements (with HPGe detector), Monte Carlo simulations (GEANT4 and FLUKA), and theoretical calculations (ESTAR and WinXCOM), some radiation interaction parameters for gamma rays, fast neutrons, thermal neutrons, and electrons were determined. Secondary particle generation was also analyzed to provide a comprehensive assessment. The determined linear attenuation coefficients with the help of the WinXCOM are 0.1376, 0.1662, 0.1385, 0.1651 and 0.1698 cm⁻¹ for SW, FE, DC, SA and FB, respectively. The calculated total macroscopic cross sections for indoor plants in the same sample order are 2.0290, 2.0350, 2.0285, 2.0363 and 2.0362 cm⁻¹. Among the investigated plants, FB exhibited the highest gamma ray interaction, while SA and FB showed superior interaction against fast neutrons compared to SW and DC. The findings reveal significant variations in interaction effectiveness and secondary radiation production across these plants, offering valuable insights for radiation safety and environmental health evaluations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High temperature photoluminescence dependence and energy migration of Tb3+-Incorporated K3Y(BO2)6 phosphors","authors":"G. Souadi ,&nbsp;O. Hakami ,&nbsp;U.H. Kaynar ,&nbsp;M.B. Coban ,&nbsp;H. Aydin ,&nbsp;O. Madkhali ,&nbsp;T. Zelai ,&nbsp;M. Ayvacikli ,&nbsp;N. Can","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the structural and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of Tb³⁺-incorporated K₃Y(BO₂)₆ (KYBO) phosphors synthesized via a microwave-assisted sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement confirmed the formation of a pure hexagonal phase, with lattice expansion due to Tb³⁺ doping. PL studies revealed strong green emissions centered at 541 nm, attributed to the ⁵D₄ → ⁷F₅ transitions of Tb³⁺ ions, with the highest intensity observed at 5 wt% Tb³⁺. A decrease in emission was observed at higher concentrations due to concentration quenching. Temperature-dependent PL measurements revealed reverse thermal quenching enhancing PL intensity. Chromaticity analysis based on CIE 1931 coordinates showed stable green emission across all concentrations, with a maximum color purity of 89.74% observed for the KYBO:3 wt% Tb³⁺ sample. The results, along with reverse thermal quenching behavior observed between 470K and 550K, suggest that these phosphors exhibit excellent potential for lighting and display technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The production and separation of 161Tb with high specific activity at the University of Utah","authors":"Connor K. Holiski ,&nbsp;Aidan A. Bender ,&nbsp;Peñafrancia F. Monte ,&nbsp;Heather M. Hennkens ,&nbsp;Mary F. Embree ,&nbsp;Meng-Jen (Vince) Wang ,&nbsp;Glenn E. Sjoden ,&nbsp;Tara Mastren","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Targeted radiotherapy (TRT) is an increasingly prominent area of research in nuclear medicine, particularly in the context of treating cancerous tumors. One radionuclide of considerable interest for TRT is terbium-161 (t_1/2 = 6.95 days), which undergoes beta emission and shares similar decay properties as ¹⁷⁷Lu (FDA-approved as LUTATHERA® and PLUVICTO®). Besides beta emission, ¹⁶¹Tb also emits a significant number of conversion and Auger electrons further enhancing its therapeutic potential. Terbium-161 can be produced using nuclear reactors through an indirect neutron capture reaction, <span><math><mmultiscripts><mi>G</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><mn>64</mn><mn>160</mn></mmultiscripts><mi>d</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi></mrow></mfenced><mmultiscripts><mi>G</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><mn>64</mn><mn>161</mn></mmultiscripts><mi>d</mi><mo>→</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>3.66</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>min</mi><mo>,</mo><msup><mi>β</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></mfenced><mmultiscripts><mi>T</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><mn>65</mn><mn>161</mn></mmultiscripts><mi>b</mi></math></span>, from ¹⁶⁰Gd targets. However, a key challenge in utilizing ¹⁶¹Tb for TRT lies in effectively separating target and product materials to attain high specific activity for radiolabeling. Here, we detail the production of no-carrier added ¹⁶¹Tb using low flux research reactors (mean thermal (&lt;0.625 eV) neutron flux: <span><math><mrow><mn>1.356</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>12</mn></msup><mspace></mspace><mi>n</mi><mo>∙</mo><msup><mtext>cm</mtext><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>∙</mo><msup><mi>s</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>) like the University of Utah TRIGA Reactor, using enriched ¹⁶⁰Gd₂O₃ targets (1.5 ± 0.3 μCi of ¹⁶¹Tb per mg of ¹⁶⁰Gd target per hour of irradiation). We also developed a separation technique based on cation exchange and extraction chromatography, suitable for mCi level irradiations with targets exceeding 200 mg. In a simulated full-scale irradiation, ¹⁶¹Tb was successfully isolated from large mass targets using cation exchange (AG 50W-X8, with 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid at 70 mM, pH 4.75) and extraction chromatography (LN Resin, 0.5–0.75 M HNO₃) methods. This resulted in high apparent molar activities of [¹⁶¹Tb]Tb-DOTA (113 ± 3 MBq/nmol), demonstrating high purity ¹⁶¹Tb relevant for potential future preclinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111530"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of secondary cancer risks within non-target organs during proton therapy for lung cancer: A Monte Carlo study","authors":"Sayyed Bijan Jia ,&nbsp;Reza Shamsabadi ,&nbsp;Leili Mogheiseh ,&nbsp;Hamid Reza Baghani","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proton therapy is a rapidly progressing modality with a significant impact on lung cancer treatment. However, there are concerns about the subsequent effects of secondary radiation in out-of-field organs. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the risk of subsequent secondary cancers within non-target organs during proton therapy for lung cancer. A Monte Carlo model of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 110 male phantom was employed to calculate the absorbed dose associated with secondary photons and neutrons within out-of-field organs for different tumor locations. The risk of induced secondary cancers was then estimated using the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation Committee (BEIR) VII and National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) 116 risk models. Organs close to the tumor, such as the heart, esophagus, thymus, and liver, received the highest equivalent doses. The calculated equivalent doses increased as the tumor depth increased from 4–8 cm to 12–16 cm. The contribution of neutrons to the total equivalent dose was dominant (up to 90%) in most of the organs studied. The calculated risks of secondary cancers were higher in the liver and esophagus compared with other organs when using the BEIR risk model. The maximum risk value was obtained for the left lung when the NCRP 116 risk model was used. Furthermore, the estimated risks of secondary malignancies increased with the tumor depth using both risk models. The calculated risks of radiation-induced secondary cancers were relatively lower than the baseline cancer risks. However, extra attention is warranted to minimize subsequent secondary cancers after proton therapy for lung cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 111532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}