Applied Radiation and Isotopes最新文献_第5页

Determination of X- and gamma-ray emission intensities in the decay of 123I and 177Lu 123I和177Lu衰变中X射线和伽马射线发射强度的测定。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112212

Marie-Christine Lépy, Bruno Boyer, Sylvie Pierre, Ablaihan Utepov, Christophe Bobin, Lucille Chambon

{"title":"Determination of X- and gamma-ray emission intensities in the decay of 123I and 177Lu","authors":"Marie-Christine Lépy, Bruno Boyer, Sylvie Pierre, Ablaihan Utepov, Christophe Bobin, Lucille Chambon","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I-123 (T<sub>1/2</sub> = 13.2234(37) h) decays by electron capture mainly <em>via</em> the 159 keV level of Te-123 (97 %) and is characterized by strong gamma-ray emission at 159.0 keV, as well as intense tellurium K X-rays and numerous low-intensity gamma-rays with energies up to 1 MeV. Lu-177 (T<sub>1/2</sub> = 6.647(4) d) decays by beta-emission to the ground state and to three excited levels of Hf-177. Its main photon emissions are the hafnium K X-rays and gamma-rays at 112.9 keV and 208.4 keV; four minor gamma-rays are also emitted. The measurement of photon emission intensities was performed using four N-type high-purity germanium detectors accurately calibrated using standard point sources, in complementary energy ranges. For each radionuclide, several point sources were prepared and checked for homogeneity. For <sup>123</sup>I, the study was carried out in two stages.</div><div>Here, only relative photon emission intensities for about 30 energies could be measured, with relative combined standard uncertainties of about 1 % for the largest ones and of about 2 %–2.5 % for ten minor lines. For <sup>177</sup>Lu, the sources were measured in the calibration conditions (at the reference distance) to derive absolute photon emission intensities, thanks to accurate sources activity, obtained by a primary method (4π β-γ coincidences using a liquid scintillation detector in the β channel). The six absolute gamma-ray emission intensities are obtained with relative combined standard uncertainties between 0.7 % and 1.9 %. The whole measurement procedure is presented and the resulting photon emission intensities are compared with previously published values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the response ratio of an ionization chamber filled with air to that with P-10 gas for ⁴¹Ar calibration. 评估充满空气的电离室与充满P-10气体的电离室对41Ar校准的响应比。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112211

R Furukawa, T Yamada, H Yashima, H Harano, Y Sato, T Matsumoto, M Shimizu, Y Omori, Y Soeta, R Nagata, H Murata, S Otsuka, R Ichikawa, S Manabe, C Shimodan, R Smith, S Tokonami

引用次数: 0

Activity standardization of ⁴⁷Sc by LS methods. 用LS方法对47Sc进行活性标准化。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112213

J Marganiec-Gałązka, N Lisowska, A Kamiński, P Saganowski, Z Tymiński, I Cieszykowska, M Żółtowska

引用次数: 0

Production of radioactive traceable reference materials for measuring radioactive pollutants in the environment 用于测量环境中放射性污染物的放射性溯源标准物质的生产

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112204

L. Chambon , S. Gupta , H. Isnard , S. Pierre , B. Sabot , D. Arnold , M. Christl , C. Cuer , J. Eberhardt , L. Flierl , S. Jerome , A. Lehnert , M. Mazánová , J.K. Nikolić , H. Pérez-Tribouillier , J. Qiao , B. Russell , C. Walther , V. Lourenço

{"title":"Production of radioactive traceable reference materials for measuring radioactive pollutants in the environment","authors":"L. Chambon , S. Gupta , H. Isnard , S. Pierre , B. Sabot , D. Arnold , M. Christl , C. Cuer , J. Eberhardt , L. Flierl , S. Jerome , A. Lehnert , M. Mazánová , J.K. Nikolić , H. Pérez-Tribouillier , J. Qiao , B. Russell , C. Walther , V. Lourenço","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are very few radioactive environmental reference materials (RM) traceable to the International System of Units. Existing radioactive RMs for environmental samples that can be measured by mass spectrometry are even more limited and their characterisation does not always include relevant parameters such as isotopic ratios. This paper focuses on the development of two environmentally relevant candidate RMs, one liquid and one solid, which could be used for routine quality control measurements.</div><div>The liquid RM was prepared by spiking seawater sampled from the North Sea, and therefore the matrix is representative of a real environmental sample, while the solid RM was prepared using a synthetic approach by spiking a mixture of silica precursors before a <em>sol-gel</em> reaction. The homogeneity, between-bottles and within-bottles, of both RMs was assessed using gamma-ray spectrometry and mass spectrometry. For the liquid RM, the variation among sub-samples was due mainly to the within-bottle variance, and was lower than 1 %, for all the radionuclides tested. For the solid RM, the <sup>241</sup>Am content measured with gamma-ray spectrometry revealed a statistically significant variation between-bottles, but was lower than 1 %. The <sup>238</sup>U and <sup>239</sup>Pu contents, measured by mass spectrometry, showed higher measurement variability (∼5 %), with the main contribution coming from within the bottles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of a new Compton-TDCR spectrometer at Sofia University for the characterization of Liquid Scintillation cocktails 索非亚大学新型液体闪烁鸡尾酒表征康普顿- tdcr光谱仪的设计

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112194

V. Todorov , P. Cassette , V. Jordanov , S. Ivanov , H. Stoycheva , S. Georgiev , B. Sabot , K. Mitev

{"title":"Design of a new Compton-TDCR spectrometer at Sofia University for the characterization of Liquid Scintillation cocktails","authors":"V. Todorov , P. Cassette , V. Jordanov , S. Ivanov , H. Stoycheva , S. Georgiev , B. Sabot , K. Mitev","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents the development of a new Compton-TDCR spectrometer at Sofia University for studying the non-linearity of liquid scintillation cocktails. The TDCR counter is equipped with Hamamatsu R331-05 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), and its performance was compared with the performance of three other TDCR counters operated at Sofia University. Efficiency variation technique is used to evaluate the <em>kB</em> parameter and to calculate the activity of <sup>3</sup>H and <sup>14</sup>C sources. The comparison between the counters demonstrates excellent performance of the newly developed system. The Compton channel of the new system uses a high resolution n-type germanium detector, which ensures high accuracy in the Compton electron energy. Results from Monte Carlo (MC) simulations investigating the source collimation and the spectrum in the gamma detector are presented. Birk’s ionization quenching formula was fitted to the experimental data, and the obtained <em>kB</em> value shows good agreement with the <em>kB</em> determined by the efficiency variation technique.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of certified reference material for radioactivity measurement of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K using building materials 用建筑材料测量226Ra、232Th和40K放射性标准物质的研制。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112205

Donghye Heo , Kayoung Park , Byoungchul Kim , Yeongjae Park , Kyoungbeom Lee , Taehee Kim , Eunhee Kwon , Minjune Yang , Jongman Lee

引用次数: 0

Analysis of elemental composition of atmospheric aerosols in Bratislava using the PIXE method with an external ion beam 用外离子束PIXE法分析布拉迪斯拉发大气气溶胶的元素组成

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112203

Karol Sučák, Miroslav Ješkovský, Boris Bobáľ, Jakub Kaizer, Ivan Kontuľ, Pavel P. Povinec, Jakub Zeman

{"title":"Analysis of elemental composition of atmospheric aerosols in Bratislava using the PIXE method with an external ion beam","authors":"Karol Sučák, Miroslav Ješkovský, Boris Bobáľ, Jakub Kaizer, Ivan Kontuľ, Pavel P. Povinec, Jakub Zeman","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution, which usually occurs in the form of aerosols, decreases the quality of life around the world. Aerosols come in different sizes, but a fine aerosol fraction is the main cause of many health problems, especially if aerosols contain toxic metals. Altogether 26 aerosol samples, collected over a one-year period (April 2023–April 2024) at the Comenius University campus in Bratislava, were analysed for elemental concentrations using the PIXE (Particle Induced X-ray Emission) method with an external ion beam, developed at the Centre for Nuclear and Accelerator Technologies (CENTA). Ten elements (Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn) were identified in the samples. Due to the inhomogeneity in the distribution of aerosols on the sampling filters several spots were irradiated to determine average concentrations. Sulphur was the element with the highest concentrations in most filters (the range of 0.05–2 μg/m<sup>3</sup>), while the highest level of concentrations for calcium was observed during the Saharan dust event in Bratislava (2.1 μg/m<sup>3</sup>). Variations in elemental concentrations observed over a year were associated with meteorological conditions, with maximum levels for some elements (mainly K, Ca, Mn, and Fe) occurring during autumn and winter, likely due to soil resuspension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiation safety analysis of a generic 2 MCi multipurpose gamma irradiator. 通用2mci多用途辐照器的辐射安全性分析。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112202

Hery Adrial, Anis Rohanda, Azizul Khakim, Suwoto Suwoto, Sukmanto Dibyo, Zuhair Zuhair, Muksin Aji Setiawan, Lily Suparlina, Daddy Setyawan

{"title":"Radiation safety analysis of a generic 2 MCi multipurpose gamma irradiator.","authors":"Hery Adrial, Anis Rohanda, Azizul Khakim, Suwoto Suwoto, Sukmanto Dibyo, Zuhair Zuhair, Muksin Aji Setiawan, Lily Suparlina, Daddy Setyawan","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a three-dimensional model of a generic 2 MCi multipurpose gamma irradiator, developed to perform a comprehensive radiation safety analysis based on an existing reference design. Using MCNP and QAD-CGGP codes, the gamma dose rate distribution within the irradiation room was calculated for a 3 MCi Co-60 source board. The objective was to assess the effectiveness of the shielding system in meeting regulatory dose limits for occupational and public exposure. The dose rates in the irradiation room (10<sup>11</sup> μSv/h within a 270 cm radius), the very low dose rates above the pool (10<sup>-6</sup> μSv/h), and the dose rates in the personnel access lanes (maximum 6.55 μSv/h) all remain below the regulatory limit of 10 μSv/h. The results demonstrate that the facility's design ensures full compliance with regulatory requirements across all zones, including areas routinely accessed by personnel, thereby confirming its adequacy in protecting both workers and the surrounding environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"112202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The use of anthropomorphic phantoms for patient dose and image contrast surveys in digital radiography 在数字放射照相中使用拟人幻象进行病人剂量和图像对比调查

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112201

Doğan Bor , Betul Yaman , Özlem Birgul , Yusuf Serdar Akyar , Turan Olgar

{"title":"The use of anthropomorphic phantoms for patient dose and image contrast surveys in digital radiography","authors":"Doğan Bor , Betul Yaman , Özlem Birgul , Yusuf Serdar Akyar , Turan Olgar","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aims to investigate the relationship of dose and local contrast values between the standard anthropomorphic phantoms and patients with different body mass index (BMI) in chest and abdominal radiography. Entrance Surface Air Kerma (ESAK) values for chest and abdomen examinations were determined for patients categorized into three BMI groups and they were also measured for chest and abdomen anthropomorphic phantoms using three digital radiographic systems. Tissue regions were selected from different anatomical structures for the measurement of image contrast from patient and phantom images. Since the phantoms used are constructed to represent standard body size, ESAK values for these phantoms did not correlate “well” with the results from patients having different body mass index (BMI) for some examinations and systems. The means ESAK for thorax and abdomen examinations was 0.16 and 1.46 mGy, respectively. The calculated mean effective dose was 0.03 mSv for thorax and 0.20 mSv for abdomen examinations. For three digital radiographic systems, while a moderate or strong Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r<sub>s</sub> = 0.601–0.794) was established between ESAK and BMI for thorax examinations, strong or very strong correlation (r<sub>s</sub> = 0.710–0.904) was determined for abdomen examinations. The contrast between different tissue regions measured from the phantoms generally matched the patient results. It is shown that the use of phantom data, which are recorded using similar exposure and processing parameters to patient examinations, can provide useful information for better evaluation of patient results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Description of the ballistic dependance in triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method using a surrogate optical model 用替代光学模型描述三倍-两倍符合比（TDCR）方法的弹道相关性。

IF 1.8 3区工程技术

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112200

Romain Coulon , Camille Queruel , Christophe Bobin , Cheick Thiam , Haoran Liu , Zihao Fan , Eric Macedo , Tiphaine Choteau

{"title":"Description of the ballistic dependance in triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method using a surrogate optical model","authors":"Romain Coulon , Camille Queruel , Christophe Bobin , Cheick Thiam , Haoran Liu , Zihao Fan , Eric Macedo , Tiphaine Choteau","doi":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Triple-to-Double Coincidence Ratio (TDCR) method is a widely used technique for absolute activity measurements in liquid scintillation counting. While the standard TDCR model assumes statistical independence in photon detection across photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), this study investigates the impact of <em>ballistic dependence</em>, where photon detection probabilities are influenced by the spatial origin of decay events within the scintillator. Using a surrogate bidimensional optical model, the probability distribution of scintillation photon flux among PMTs is sampled and integrated into a Poisson-Multinomial-Binomial hierarchical model of TDCR optics simulation. The results reveal that ballistic dependence leads to a reduction in both double and triple coincidence count rates, causing a corresponding decrease in the TDCR value—particularly for emitters of low energy ionizing radiations such as <sup>55</sup>Fe or <sup>51</sup>Cr. This effect diminishes with increasing optical diffusion, which effectively decouples photon detection probabilities from the emission site. These results highlight the critical role of maximizing photon diffusion in TDCR counters and underscore the need for refined TDCR models incorporating Monte Carlo-based optical transport to enhance measurement accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8096,"journal":{"name":"Applied Radiation and Isotopes","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0