Water, Air, & Soil Pollution最新文献

{"title":"First Detection of Candidozyma (Candida) auris in Wastewater in Türkiye: Evidence for Environmental Circulation under a One-Health Framework","authors":"Sidre Erganis,&nbsp;Ahmet Gulluk,&nbsp;Emre Keskin,&nbsp;Elif Ayca Sahin,&nbsp;Hilal Basak Erol,&nbsp;Banu Kaskatepe,&nbsp;Dolunay Gulmez,&nbsp;Sevtap Arikan Akdagli,&nbsp;Gulce Edis,&nbsp;Isilay Celik,&nbsp;Cagri Ergin,&nbsp;Nalan Oya San Keskin,&nbsp;Arzu Gursoy Ergen,&nbsp;Hakan Yardimci,&nbsp;Nuket Sivri,&nbsp;Gulsen Altug,&nbsp;Ozlem Guzel Tunccan,&nbsp;Ayse Kalkanci","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10043-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10043-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Candidozyma (Candida) auris</i> is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen with expanding ecological presence beyond healthcare settings. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has recently become an important tool for early detection of community-level circulation. However, no environmental monitoring data have previously been reported from Türkiye. This study aimed to investigate the presence of <i>C. auris</i> in hospital-associated wastewater and assess its potential role as an environmental reservoir. Between January and July 2025, 46 wastewater samples were collected twice weekly from the main outlet of a tertiary hospital. Samples underwent concentration, culture on selective chromogenic agar, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) confirmation. DNA extracted from Sterivex filters was tested using the species-specific CauF/CauR qPCR assay. All runs included appropriate positive, negative, and no-template controls. The Bio-speedy <i>Candida auris</i> Clade Detection qPCR Kit (Bioeksen R&amp;D Technologies Inc., Türkiye) was used for clade identification of the isolates. Antifungal susceptibility testing of the recovered <i>C. auris</i> isolates was performed using the EUCAST reference microdilution method, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were interpreted according to EUCAST guidelines. <i>C. auris</i> DNA was detected in three wastewater samples (Ct 31–36), and two culture-confirmed isolates were recovered and stored. The repeated qPCR positivity across different sampling dates suggests intermittent yet detectable shedding into the sewage system. Importantly, no outbreak was ongoing in the hospital, with only sporadic clinical cases reported, indicating that even low-level colonization may generate measurable environmental signatures. All isolates were evaluated as Clade-1. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed high fluconazole MICs (&gt; 64 mg/L) in both <i>C. auris</i> isolates, consistent with no activity of fluconazole. In contrast, low MIC values for echinocandins (anidulafungin 0.06–0.25 mg/L; micafungin 0.125–0.25 mg/L) indicated favorable in vitro activity of this antifungal class against the tested isolates. This study provides the first culture-confirmed detection of <i>C. auris</i> in wastewater in a tertiary hospital in Türkiye, demonstrating organism persistence under local wastewater conditions. These findings highlight the value of WBS as an early-warning component of fungal surveillance and underscore the need to integrate environmental monitoring into One Health strategies for <i>C. auris</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Ameliorative Potential of Organic Amendments on Microplastic-Induced Shifts in Soil Carbon and Microbiome","authors":"Lingkan Su,&nbsp;Hangying Su,&nbsp;Qian Wang,&nbsp;Bangping Deng,&nbsp;Yang Yu,&nbsp;Juanying Li","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10052-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10052-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated microplastic (MP) pollution characteristics in facility agriculture soils, compared the effects of fresh polyethylene (FPE) and aged polyethylene (APE) on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and microbial communities, and evaluated the regulatory role of organic amendments. The results demonstrated that MP abundance was significantly higher in facility agriculture soils than that in non-facility agriculture soils, primarily due to plastic film use. MP residues increased SOC (from 4.29 g/kg to 5.01–5.21 g/kg) and recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC, from 2.61 g/kg to 3.46–3.61 g/kg) but significantly inhibited active organic carbon (AOC, from 1.68 g/kg to 1.55–1.61 g/kg). FPE exerted a stronger effect on dissolved organic carbon (DOC), whereas APE showed greater ROC accumulation. Soil enzyme activities (β-glucosidase (BG) and cellobiohydrolase (CBH)) were also significantly inhibited. Microbial community analysis revealed that MP residues reduced bacteria and fungi α-diversity, suppressed <i>Acidobacteria</i> and <i>Basidiomycota</i>, and significantly altered microbial community structure, with effects more pronounced under APE than FPE. Organic amendments (rice straw and decomposed aquatic weed) increased SOC from 5.01–5.21 g/kg to 5.97–7.62 g/kg, raised ROC, AOC, DOC, and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), enhanced enzyme activities, and improved microbial richness and diversity, effectively mitigating the negative impacts of MP pollution. Rice straw showed greater potential for enhancing soil carbon sequestration, providing technical support for the sustainable development of facility agriculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RGO-modified MnFe₂O₄/BiOI Nanocomposite for Efficient Nitrate Removal: Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Analysis","authors":"Moslem Azghandi,&nbsp;Amir Mirshafiee,&nbsp;Norouz Mahmoudi,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Miri","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10041-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10041-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to synthesize a magnetic hybrid RGO/MnFe₂O₄/BiOI (RMB) adsorbent for nitrate removal from drinking water. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized using FTIR, XRD, FESEM, BET, and VSM analyses. In addition, the effects of key operational parameters, including pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial nitrate concentration, and temperature, were systematically investigated. BET analysis revealed a high specific surface area of 88.77m²/g for the RMB composite, indicating its strong adsorption capability toward contaminants. The formation of functional groups associated with the constituent components of the hybrid composite was confirmed by the characteristic FTIR absorption peaks. Under optimal conditions, the maximum nitrate removal efficiency and adsorption capacity were 80.52% and 40.26mg/g, respectively, achieved at neutral pH, an adsorbent dosage of 2g/L, a contact time of 90 min, an initial nitrate concentration of 100mg/L, and a temperature of 20°C. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that nitrate adsorption onto the magnetic RMB adsorbent is spontaneous (ΔG⁰ &lt; 0), endothermic (ΔH⁰ &gt; 0), and is associated with an increase in randomness of the system (ΔS⁰ &gt; 0). Kinetic and isotherm studies demonstrated that the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R² &gt; 0.99; qₑ = 44.44mg/g) and the Langmuir isotherm model (R² &gt; 0.99; qₘₐₓ = 40.98mg/g). These findings suggest that nitrate adsorption onto the RMB magnetic adsorbent occurs via a physical, monolayer mechanism. Furthermore, regeneration and reusability experiments over six successive cycles showed only an approximately 9.5% reduction in removal efficiency. Overall, the results indicate that the magnetic RGO/MnFe₂O₄/BiOI composite is a promising, stable, and cost-effective adsorbent for nitrate removal from drinking water, with significant potential for practical application in water and wastewater treatment systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Bioaugmentation with Phenanthrene-acclimated Soil at Different Ratios on Phenanthrene Biodegradation and Microbial Community Dynamics","authors":"Haiping Gu,&nbsp;Lihang Zhang,&nbsp;Jie Yan,&nbsp;Yizhen Jia,&nbsp;Yihan Sun,&nbsp;Ziheng Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Yang,&nbsp;Weizheng Ren,&nbsp;Lianfeng Shen,&nbsp;Yuhao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10029-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10029-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bioaugmentation is a promising bioremediation approach for removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from contaminated environment. This study investigated the effects of adding 10% (F10), 30% (F30), and 50% (F50) phenanthrene (PHE)-acclimated soil on PHE biodegradation, soil enzyme activities, microbial community composition, and their interrelationships. The results showed that PHE degradation followed the first-order kinetic model. Higher proportions of acclimated soil accelerated PHE degradation and enhanced the activities of enzymes, including dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolase, particularly during the early incubation stage. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that increasing bioaugmentation ratios decreased alpha diversity but increased the relative abundance of PAH-degrading bacteria. Notably, <i>Rhodococcus</i> and <i>Mycobacterium</i> were identified as key contributors to PHE degradation. Furthermore, analyses of alpha diversity, beta diversity, and functional predictions indicated that microbial community composition gradually recovered to its initial states after PHE degradation, with the F10 treatment showing the most pronounced recovery. These findings provide valuable theoretical support for developing efficient and ecologically sustainable bioremediation strategies for PAH-contaminated soils.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Geochemistry of Thallium in Alluvial Soils of the Nile Valley, Egypt: Enrichment, Contamination Levels, and Controlling Factors","authors":"Salman A. Salman,&nbsp;Esmat A. Abou El-Anwar,&nbsp;Mouataz T. Mostafa,&nbsp;Mahmoud A. Abdelhafiz","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10016-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10016-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite its severe toxicity and high potential for soil-to-plant transfer, thallium (Tl) remains poorly characterized in alluvial agricultural soils. To address this critical gap, this study provides a pioneering assessment of Tl occurrence, contamination degree, and the factors controlling its distribution across the Egyptian Nile Valley using geochemical analysis, soil physicochemical and textural characterization, mineralogical investigation, pollution indices, multivariate statistics, and regression modeling. Tl concentrations ranged from 0.9 to 5.1 ppm with an average of 2.97 ppm, consistently exceeding global geochemical background levels and reaching up to 11.3 times the average crustal abundance. The average contamination factor (CF = 5.93) approached the very high contamination threshold, whereas the average geo-accumulation index (I_geo = 1.76) indicated moderate contamination. About 27% of the samples fell within the considerable ecological risk category. Regression analysis identified the fine soil fraction as the primary control on Tl distribution, with clay explaining 25% of its variability. Consistent with these findings, principal component analysis (PCA) grouped Tl with clay, silt, and soil organic matter (SOM), explaining 32.95% of the total variance and indicating preferential retention in montmorillonite-rich soils via sorption and cation-exchange processes. The significant positive correlation between Tl and P (<i>r</i> = 0.41, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with the regression response (R² = 0.18), suggested a contribution from long-term phosphatic fertilizer inputs. Conversely, Tl showed a significant negative association with K (<i>r</i> = -0.40, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), indicative of competitive occupation of exchangeable sorption sites. This study presents the first integrated assessment of the geochemical, mineralogical, and statistical characteristics of Tl behavior in the Nile Valley alluvial soils. It identifies soil characteristics (e.g., texture, mineralogy, SOM) and phosphate fertilization as key factors whose influence on soil Tl retention and mobility has not been quantified previously. These findings establish baseline contamination levels and mechanistic drivers essential for guiding sustainable fertilizer management and safeguarding food-chain quality in one of the world's most intensively cultivated and densely populated agricultural regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting Methyl Orange Removal via Hydrothermal Engineering of CuZnAl LDHs","authors":"Shen-Wei Yu,&nbsp;Chia-Hsiang Yang,&nbsp;Chen-Bin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10057-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10057-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are promising adsorbents for dye-contaminated water owing to their tunable layer charge and exchangeable interlayers. In this study, ZnAl, CuAl, and CuZnAl LDHs were synthesized under identical urea-assisted hydrothermal conditions using metal ratios corresponding to those of compositionally related co-precipitated materials reported previously. Their structural, textural, adsorption, and regeneration properties were systematically evaluated using methyl orange (MO) as an anionic model pollutant. In batch tests, CuZnAl exhibited near-quantitative removal across pH 2–11, CuAl achieved near-quantitative removal at pH ≥ 3, whereas ZnAl showed a narrower effective pH range with a marked decline under alkaline conditions. Adsorption kinetics (<i>C</i>_<i>0</i> = 50–500 mg L⁻¹) were well described by the pseudo-second-order model. Equilibrium analysis indicated high adsorption capacities, with Langmuir monolayer capacities of 497.5 mg g⁻¹ (ZnAl), 609.8 mg g ⁻¹ (CuAl), and 666.7 mg g ⁻¹ (CuZnAl), while Freundlich fitting suggested favorable adsorption on heterogeneous sites. Regeneration by alkaline Na₂CO₃/NaOH washing enabled efficient reuse: CuZnAl and CuAl maintained MO removal efficiencies of 98.2% and 97.2%, respectively, after five cycles, whereas that of ZnAl decreased to 69.3%. Post-adsorption XRD and FTIR results indicated retention of the LDH framework and partial interlayer participation of MO, while SEM revealed composition-dependent changes in aggregate morphology. The adsorption behavior reflected the combined effects of metal composition, basal spacing, textural properties, aggregate architecture, and surface/interlayer chemistry. Among the investigated materials, hydrothermal CuZnAl provided the most favorable balance of adsorption capacity, pH tolerance, and regeneration performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-026-10057-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-micron Aerosol Characteristics at a Semi-arid Urban Station in Northwestern India: Optical Properties and Associated Radiative Impacts","authors":"Akanksha Gupta,&nbsp;A. K. Srivastava,&nbsp;M. P. Raju,&nbsp;C. Jhamaria,&nbsp;D. S. Bisht,&nbsp;J. Kaur","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10030-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10030-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides an in-depth evaluation of the chemical composition, optical, and associated radiative properties of sub-micron particulate matter (i.e. PM₁) during the period from October 2018 to June 2019 at Jaipur, a semi-arid urban area situated in the northwestern part of India. Study reveals that the mass concentration of PM₁ at the receptor site ranged from 58.82 to 121.69 µg m⁻³ (mean: 85.29 ± 15.31 µg m⁻³). Of the total analyzed fraction of PM₁ (~ 64%), the total water-soluble fraction contributes ~ 27%, elemental carbon (EC) ~ 5%, and organic carbon (OC) ~ 32%. The measured species in PM₁ samples were utilized in an aerosol optical and radiative transfer model to deduce the crucial aerosol optical properties and its associated radiative forcing. A notable variability in the model derived aerosol optical depth (AOD₅₀₀) was to be ranged from 0.07 to 1.17 (mean: 0.30 ± 0.23), which could be due to the influence of local anthropogenic emissions and transported dusts from the nearby Desert areas. The single scattering albedo (SSA₅₀₀), varied between 0.90 and 0.98 (mean: 0.93 ± 0.02), indicating the dominance of scattering aerosols, likely associated with the prevalence of secondary inorganic aerosol species. This is verified by low absorption AOD (AAOD: 0.004–0.035). The estimated direct aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) revealed a net forcing of 25.00 ± 13.27 W/m², yielding a mean heating rate of 0.70 ± 0.37 K/day, indicating active sub-micron aerosols contributing to regional climatic forcings. These results explain the dynamic behavior of sub-micron aerosols and their role in modulating regional climatic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic Pollution in a Small River with an Agriculture-dominated Catchment under Different Rainfall Conditions: Transport Scaling, Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment","authors":"Widyastuti Kusuma Wardhani,&nbsp;Kuriko Yokota,&nbsp;Hardianti Alimuddin,&nbsp;Takanobu Inoue,&nbsp;Nguyen Minh Ngoc","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10004-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10004-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The agriculture cluster is recognized as a cryptic hotspot of microplastic pollution. Especially, rainfall-driven microplastic (MP) dynamics in small agricultural rivers have not been adequately quantified under various hydrological conditions. This study quantified MP concentrations, loads, characteristics, and ecological risks under baseline dry conditions and during four rainfall events of varying intensities in a small agricultural river. During baseline conditions, MP concentrations were low (10–53 particles/m³), whereas during heavy rainfall events, concentrations peaked at 2,187–3,253 particles/m³, representing up to 1,100-fold increases compared to dry conditions. The power-law equation and L–Q analysis showed shallower MP scaling (<i>n</i> = 1.38) than total suspended solids (TSS) (<i>n</i> = 2.22), reflecting source-limited and neutrally buoyant transport. Polyethylene was the dominant polymer (76–95%), and film-shaped particles comprised more than 50% of the morphologies, which is consistent with agricultural plastic use. The potential risk index (PRI) increased sharply from moderate under baseline conditions (151) to extremely high during heavy rainfall (5,400), driven by the episodic mobilization of highly toxic polymers such as polyvinyl chloride and phenol–formaldehyde. These results demonstrate the episodic nature of the MP ecological risk in agricultural rivers and underscore the need for targeted management during rainfall periods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-026-10004-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Antibiotic Residues in Surface Water, Wastewater, and Sediment from the Rosetta Branch, Nile River, Egypt","authors":"Mahmoud Al-Sisi,&nbsp;Omar Khaled,&nbsp;Lamia Ryad,&nbsp;Khaled Ghanem,&nbsp;Fawzy Eissa","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10054-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10054-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to address the lack of comprehensive data on antibiotic contamination in the Nile River system by investigating the occurrence of 15 target compounds, comprising 11 parent antibiotics from four pharmacological classes (amphenicols, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and quinolones) and 4 nitrofuran metabolites used as marker residues of banned nitrofurans, in surface water, wastewater, and sediment samples collected from the Rosetta branch of the Nile River and three agricultural drains (El-Rahawy, Sabal, and Tala) in Egypt. A validated LC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous multi-residue analysis. The LODs were 0.02 µg/L for chloramphenicol, 0.07 µg/L for nitrofuran metabolites, and 3.0 µg/L for tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and quinolones, with LOQ values ranging from 0.075 to 10 µg/L. Calibration curves showed acceptable linearity (R &gt; 0.9966), and recovery ranged from 61 to 108%, with RSDs below 21%. Chloramphenicol (CAP) was the only antibiotic detected in surface water samples, found in 8% of El-Rahawy samples and 8% of Tala samples during summer (mean: 0.09 µg/L), while Sabal samples were free of residues. In wastewater, CAP was detected in 17% of El-Rahawy drain samples during summer (mean: 0.6 µg/L), whereas Sabal and Tala drains showed no detectable residues. In Rosetta branch sediments, nitrophenyl-semicarbazide (NP-SEM) was the most frequently detected antibiotic (mean: 0.9–1.5 µg/kg), followed by oxytetracycline (OTC) detected in 17% of El-Rahawy samples during winter (mean: 103 µg/kg) and CAP below the LOQ in 17% of Sabal samples during summer. In drain sediments, NP-SEM was exclusively detected, with El-Rahawy showing the highest contamination (50% in summer; 67% in winter). Residues were detected most often at the El-Rahawy site, and no target compounds were detected above the LOD in samples collected during spring. This study provides the first comprehensive baseline data on antibiotic contamination in the Nile River system, contributing essential information for ecological risk assessment and environmental management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitability of Machine Learning Models and their Performance for PM2.5 Estimation using high-resolution satellite-driven datasets over Northwest India","authors":"Prity S. Pippal,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar,&nbsp;Atar Singh,&nbsp;Ramesh Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11270-026-10037-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-026-10037-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The estimation of particulate matter (PM_2.5) levels using high-resolution satellite-driven datasets and machine learning algorithms represents a potential advancement in air quality monitoring. The traditional ground-based PM_2.5 measurements, while accurate, suffer from limited spatial coverage, prompting the need for satellite-based retrieval methods. The machine learning (ML) algorithms convert high-resolution satellite-derived Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) into PM_2.5 and enhance the accuracy estimation. Hereby, this study used satellite-driven PM_2.5 estimation framework based on Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) AOD at 1 km and meteorological data over Northwest India (NW). This study used Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) models to integrate the MAIAC AOD with meteorological variables. The datasets have been pre-processed and optimized for better accuracy from 2022 to 2023, aligning with ground observations. RF and XGBoost (R² = 0.91 and 0.91, RMSE = 10.36 µg/m³ and 10.39 µg/m³, Bias = 0.30 µg/m³ and 0.48 µg/m³, respectively) outperform AdaBoost and SVM in this study. The estimated PM_2.5 values exceed the prescribed National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), with mean 24-h and annual average concentrations of 74.05 µg/m³ and 70.53 µg/m³, underlining severe air pollution in the region. This study presented a region-specific, multi-source PM_2.5 estimation framework that integrates satellite AOD, meteorological drivers, and optimized machine learning model to improve spatial accuracy and robustness. These approaches provide actionable insights for air quality monitoring and policymaking, enhance the ability to capture the complexity of PM_2.5 variability, and facilitate predictive models that could help in efficient air quality management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"237 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}