Water, Air, & Soil Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Revisiting the Contamination Status of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Sediments of the Cochin Estuary, Southwest Coast of India, After a Decade","authors":"S. H. Tarah,&nbsp;S. Abhinitha,&nbsp;A. Ramzi,&nbsp;T. R. Gireeshkumar,&nbsp;C. M. Furtado,&nbsp;R. Nikki,&nbsp;Muraleedharan K. R.,&nbsp;T. Muhammed Nishad,&nbsp;S. Anju,&nbsp;K. U. Abdul Jaleel,&nbsp;Anu Susan Cheriyan","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08444-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08444-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estuaries continuously accumulate contaminants in sediments due to increased anthropogenic activities and land drainage. Cochin estuary underwent unusual environmental control when exposed to the catastrophic Kerala floods in 2018, followed by a substantial reduction in industrial activities due to the countrywide COVID-19 lockdown (2020 and 2021). Large-scale flushing of the estuary during the flood and reduced pollutant input during the pandemic lockdowns would lead to significantly lower polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels in estuarine sediments and biota. To test the above hypothesis, PAHs in sediments of the Cochin estuary were analysed on a seasonal basis (pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon, in 2023) and compared with corresponding levels reported a decade earlier by Ramzi et al., Marine Pollution Bulletin 114:1081–1087, 2017. The distribution of total PAHs (TPAHs) during 2023 revealed significant seasonal heterogeneity characterised by high concentrations during post-monsoon (428.19 to 2214.02 ng/g), monsoon (2.23 to 2254.89 ng/g) and pre-monsoon periods (48.467 to 1343.59 ng/g). PAH concentrations were five times lower than the baseline data (304–5874 ng/g pre-monsoon, 493–14,149 ng/g monsoon, and 194–10,691 ng/g post-monsoon). The substantial decrease in PAHs reflected significantly reduced PAH input into the estuary due to the large-scale flushing of the estuary caused by the unprecedented 2018 Kerala floods, limited anthropogenic activities during the 2020/2021 lockdowns, consequent to regulatory restrictions imposed by the local administration. However, low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs, during 2023, still exceeded the Effective Range Low (ERL) values, indicating an occasional adverse impact on the benthic fauna. PAH levels from the mussel species Mytella <i>strigata</i> (M. <i>Strigata</i>) were considerably low (371 ng/g), indicating minimum bioaccumulation. Risk assessments of dietary intake from mussels indicate no threats to regular consumption.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Diversity in Pharmaceutical Discharge with their Multi-Drug Resistance Capabilities","authors":"Swati Srivastava,&nbsp;Rajni Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08658-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08658-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pharmaceutical effluents are the major contributors to antibiotic pollution, significantly increasing antibiotic resistance in the microbial communities, demanding diverse methodologies for treatment and waste disposal. The paper describes the presence of various ampicillin-resistant (100–15000 µg/mL) bacterial strains in soil (15 cm depth) and wastewater (one meter below the surface water) over 12 months from the pharma discharges at Himachal Pradesh, India, belonging to phylum Firmicutes, Pseudomonadota, and Actinobacteria, with predominant genera of <i>Bacillus</i> (17%), <i>Enterobacter</i> (13%), <i>Serratia</i> (9%), and <i>Brevibacillus</i> (9%). The seasonal variation of ampicillin-tolerant strains was 34.78% during summer, 17.39% in winter, 30.44% in monsoon, and 17.39% in autumn. The diversity indices identified summer as the most favourable season for bacterial growth and proliferation, which was also supported by the Shannon (2.079) and Simpson (0.875) indices for species diversity. Among the isolated strains, 21.74% exhibited resistance to at least three different classes of antibiotics, confirming their multidrug resistance (MDR) status. Seventeen strains displayed β-lactamase production (0.4–0.24 U/mL) while 5 exhibited drug-efflux (4–12 h) as a major mechanism of resistance, and only one strain revealed both mechanisms. Three strains, <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i> RSM5, <i>Lysinibacillus macrolides</i> RSC5, and <i>Micrococcus aloeverae</i> RSC13, were able to tolerate ampicillin up to 15,000 μg/mL with different ampicillin degradation capabilities. <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i> RSM5 degraded 100 μg/mL ampicillin completely with a rate constant of 1.35 × 10^–3 min⁻¹ and a half-life of 513.3 min. As key pharmaceutical ingredients, antibiotics discharged in effluents interact with resident microbial communities, accelerating the emergence and spread of drug-resistant strains, thereby necessitating stringent policies and regulations for effective pharmaceutical waste management.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of New Membranes from a Physical Mixture of Two Polymers (PLA-PEI) for the Discoloration of Model Textile Effluents Using the Ultrafiltration Process","authors":"Aycha Essaadouni,&nbsp;Anissa El Absi,&nbsp;Mohamed Berradi,&nbsp;Omar Dagdag,&nbsp;Rachid Hsissou,&nbsp;Anouar El Magri,&nbsp;Mohammed Assouag,&nbsp;Hansang Kim,&nbsp;Rajesh Haldhar,&nbsp;Mustapha Tahaikt,&nbsp;Abderrahim El Bachiri,&nbsp;Mohamed Rafik","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08669-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08669-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate innovative ultrafiltration (UF) composite membranes for water treatment applications, with a particular focus on decolorization. These composite membranes were created by physically combining polylactic acid (PLA) and polyetherimide (PEI) polymers in varying proportions. The resulting collodion was then affixed to a polyamide substrate, thereby endowing the membrane with mechanical strength. During the course of this study, three PEI concentrations were taken into consideration: 20%, 25%, and 30% by weight, corresponding to the membranes M20, M25, and M30, respectively. A series of hydrodynamic tests were conducted on the synthetic membranes, encompassing permeability and selectivity assessments. In addition to these hydrodynamic tests, a range of spectroscopic tests were performed, employing a variety of methodologies. These methodologies included Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and mechanical resistance testing. A series of ultrafiltration tests were conducted to assess the retention capabilities of the modified membranes. These tests utilized model textile effluents containing dyes such as methyl red (MR) and benzathren green (BG), with a transmembrane pressure of approximately 4 bar. Permeability studies revealed that the enhanced M20 membrane exhibited remarkable water permeability of over 340 L.m⁻².bar⁻¹, along with maximum dye rejection rates of 53.95% and 62.88% for MR and BG, respectively. The enhanced UF composite membrane's superior performance renders it a promising candidate for wastewater treatment and decolorization. The findings of this study demonstrate that the integration of polyamide support with PLA-PEI resulted in the development of an ultrafiltration membrane with exceptional performance.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Microplastics on the Dissemination, Persistence, and Ecotoxicological Effects of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Terrestrial Ecosystems","authors":"Jia Du,&nbsp;Tingting Chen,&nbsp;Luxi Niu,&nbsp;Lanxue Zhi,&nbsp;Linlin Qiu,&nbsp;Qingwei Zhou,&nbsp;Meiqing Jin,&nbsp;Weihong Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08647-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08647-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microplastics are emerging pollutants that are widespread in the environment and pose significant threats to ecosystems. Microplastics have been demonstrated to be important carriers of ARGs, increasing the transmission potential and soil abundance of these genes. However, research concerning their impact on the soil environment is still in its infancy. This paper reviews the publication status and regional differences in research on microplastics and ARGs over the past decade. Additionally, the primary factors influencing the migration and transformation of ARGs via microplastics are introduced, including the characteristics of microplastics, soil physicochemical properties, environmental factors, and agricultural activities. Furthermore, the ecological effects of microplastics and ARGs on the soil environment are summarized, with a detailed analysis of the main toxic effects from the perspectives of microorganisms, vertebrates, non-vertebrates, and plants. Nevertheless, research on the biotoxic effects caused by microplastics and ARGs remains insufficient, leading to many phenomena that lack reasonable explanations. Finally, the challenges and prospects of addressing microplastics and ARGs in soil pollution control and remediation research are presented, with the hope that this paper will aid relevant disciplines in better understanding the interaction mechanisms and environmental risks associated with microplastics and ARGs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dioxins and 21 Other Persistent Organic Pollutants in 61 Sediment Samples from the Orange-Senqu River Basin (Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa)","authors":"Velesia Lesch,&nbsp;Rialet Pieters,&nbsp;Hindrik Bouwman","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08670-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08670-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Orange-Senqu River Basin covers four southern African states that are also Parties to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SCPOP). The basin’s main tributary, the Vaal River drains a large industrial region before confluence with the Orange-Senqu River (OSR), flowing past mining, rural and agricultural areas discharging into the Atlantic Ocean. We collected 61 sediment samples in 2009 across the basin and analysed for all POPs listed in the SCPOP in 2010. Geographically and in terms of range of compounds, this is the largest such survey in Africa. Nine sites in industrial regions had quantifiable concentrations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane’s (ΣDDT; max: 9 ng/g dry mass (dm). Lindane was quantified at three sites on the upper OSR; no other organochlorine pesticides were quantifiable. Higher concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (ΣPBDE; max: 15 ng/g dm) were quantified in the Vaal River at its confluence with the Orange-Senqu (non-industrial) compared with industrial areas. Polychlorinated biphenyls concentrations were high in industrial mining areas (max ΣPCB; 1053 ng/kg dm). Most sediment samples from industrial regions had quantifiable concentrations of polychlorinated dioxins and furans (max ΣPCDD/F 83 ng/kg dm). POPs found to be above international sediment quality guidelines were lindane (three sites), <i>p,p’</i>-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) (one site), and ΣDDT (four sites). Future studies should focus on PCBs, lindane, and DDTs at selected sites, while POPs added to the SCPOP since 2010 would need a wider survey, including studies on residues in biota. The present study provides a valuable baseline and assessment for Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa sharing an international catchment against which subsequent interventions and effectiveness evaluations should be measured.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-08670-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Biological Treatment of Polluted Surface Water Using an Advanced Continuous Upflow Sequencing Batch Reactor: Combined Nutrient and Organic Matter Removal","authors":"Meghdad Pirsaheb,&nbsp;Hiwa Hossaini,&nbsp;Jila Amini","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08699-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08699-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biological treatment systems capable of simultaneous organic and nutrient removal are essential for restoring polluted surface waters, particularly in regions lacking centralized infrastructure. This study evaluated a 4-L laboratory-scale Anaerobic–Anoxic–Aerobic Continuous Upflow Sequencing Batch Reactor, a modified ICEAS system, operated under varying conditions: influent COD concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 mg/L; hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 4, 6, and 8 h; and anoxic mixing durations of 30, 60, and 90 min. The reactor consistently achieved high removal efficiencies of 82.4 ± 4.2% for COD, 86.5 ± 4.4% for BOD₅, 87.7 ± 10.9% for TKN, and 63.3 ± 11.7% for TN, while phosphorus was completely removed under all conditions. Maximum removal efficiencies reached 89% for COD, 91% for BOD₅, 100% for TKN, and 67% for TN at a COD of 200 mg/L, 8 h HRT, and 90 min mixing. Nitrate concentrations increased with COD and HRT but decreased with longer mixing, confirming effective denitrification. Phosphorus remained undetectable in all effluents, while turbidity decreased to 1–2 NTU and electrical conductivity declined slightly. pH and alkalinity remained stable without chemical supplementation, indicating favorable internal buffering capacity. These findings demonstrate that the A3CUSBR provides a resilient and technically efficient solution for treating polluted surface waters with fluctuating influent quality. Its compact design and decentralized configuration highlight its potential as a sustainable treatment option for rural and resource-constrained communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthesis of Nano-Iron Oxide Particles using Drynaria quercifolia Root Extract for Efficient Dye Adsorption in Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Sharpudin Jaffar,&nbsp;R. Saraswathi","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08652-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08652-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rising water pollution from industrial dyes demands sustainable and eco-friendly treatment methods. The green synthesis of nanomaterials presents a viable alternative to conventional techniques, reducing environmental risks while enhancing efficiency. This study reports the green synthesis of <i>Drynaria quercifolia</i> extract-mediated nano-iron oxide particles (DQNIO). The resulting DQNIO displays a UV absorption peak at 236 nm, XRD reflection of spinel Fe₃O₄ (a notable peak at 311), and a characteristic IR peak (Fe–O) at 536.77 cm⁻¹. The DQNIO particles (~ 20 nm) exhibit high surface area (360 m²/g), mesoporosity (10–50 Å), colloidal stability (zeta potential: –26.4 mV) and superparamagnetism (Ms = 17.08 emu/g). DQNIO achieves maximum adsorption capacities of 77.7 mg/g for Congo Red (pH 4) and 59.9 mg/g for Rhodamine B (pH 8). It follows pseudo-second-order kinetics and correspondingly provides a better fit to the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. FTIR and zeta-potential analyses confirm dye binding via sulphonate-Fe ligand exchange, hydrogen bonding, coordinate bonding, and π–π stacking. Additionally, DQNIO demonstrates potent antibacterial activity, yielding 33.0 mm inhibition against <i>E. coli</i> and 31.0 mm against <i>S. aureus</i>, surpassing the inhibition of other green-synthesized iron oxides. An eco-scale assessment (81%) and low estimated cost (≈INR 780/kg) validate the sustainability and economic viability of this approach. The findings highlight the dual functionality of nano-iron oxide particles as effective adsorbents and antimicrobial agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymol–Menthol-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for Efficient Rhodamine B Remediation: Molecular Interactions, Economic Feasibility, and Environmental Assessment","authors":"Ghee Kang Zheng,&nbsp;Siti Khalijah Mahmad Rozi,&nbsp;Qian Yee Ang,&nbsp;Rafizah Rahamathullah,&nbsp;Saleha Shamsudin,&nbsp;Fairuz Liyana Mohd Rasdi,&nbsp;Mohd Faisal Taha,&nbsp;Nidal M. Hussein,&nbsp;Faisal Aburub","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08671-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08671-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), derived from natural and biodegradable resources, are promising alternatives to organic and ionic solvents. In this study, Thymol-Menthol-based deep eutectic solvents (T:M) were prepared, with Thymol serving as the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and Menthol as the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) in various molar ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, between the precursors. ¹H and ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses validated the molecular structure of the solvents, while Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) demonstrated their thermal stability, with decomposition occurring at temperatures above 150 °C. For Rhodamine B (RB) remediation, the proposed DESs exhibited a shorter extraction time (10 min) and minimal solvent volume requirement (400 µL) compared to traditional organic solvents. COSMO-RS (Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents) simulations revealed that the DESs possess a strong affinity for non-polar, hydrogen-bond-donating, and hydrogen-bond-accepting molecules, confirming their exceptional extraction efficiency for RB, primarily driven by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The studied DESs achieved high removal efficiencies (70–98%) for multiple textile dyes, including Methylene Blue (MB), Crystal Violet (CV), and Safranin (SR). Notably, phytotoxicity assessments indicated no adverse effects on Pisum sativum (pea) seed germination at low concentrations. The EcoScale score tool also verified that the solvent synthesis process is both environmentally benign and worker-safe. These findings underscore the potential of studied DESs as sustainable, high-performance extractants for the remediation of dye-contaminated wastewater.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-08671-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single and Joint Effects of Imidacloprid and Microplastics on Lettuce Growth","authors":"Md Mehedee Hasan,&nbsp;Ji Won Yang,&nbsp;Youn-Jun Lee,&nbsp;Eun Hea Jho","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08617-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08617-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the joint effects of microplastics (MPs) and pesticides in agricultural environments is important, as their co-existence may lead to plant responses distinct from those caused by single-contaminant exposure. This study investigated the individual and joint effects of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) MPs (0–3%) and imidacloprid (0–219 mg kg⁻¹) on lettuce to address current knowledge gaps. Growth parameters, chlorophyll content, and imidacloprid uptake in lettuce were evaluated following a 28-d exposure period. Co-exposure to LDPE MPs and imidacloprid led to a 68% reduction in total fresh weight, compared to a 49% reduction with imidacloprid alone. Combined treatment also significantly decreased root and shoot length, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content, and induced morphological changes such as leaf browning and stunted root development. However, LDPE MPs did not affect imidacloprid uptake, suggesting limited influence of MPs on the bioavailability of imidacloprid under the conditions studied. The results emphasize the intensified harmful effects resulting from co-exposure to pesticides and MPs, highlighting the need for further study on management strategies for these contaminants in agricultural land to ensure the sustainability of agricultural systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights into the Influence Mechanisms and Impacts of Chlortetracycline on Volatile Fatty Acid Generation during Thermophilic Anaerobic Sludge Fermentation","authors":"Jiabao Liao,&nbsp;Jianwei Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08675-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08675-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antibiotic contamination hinders sludge resource utilization, yet the role of chlortetracycline (CTC) in thermophilic anaerobic systems and its impact on volatile fatty acid (VFA) production remain unclear. This study fills this gap by investigating CTC’s dose-dependent effects on thermophilic anaerobic sludge fermentation and underlying mechanisms. Results revealed a dual role of CTC: low concentrations (50–100 mg/kg) enhanced VFA yields, with the optimal 100 mg/kg increasing peak VFA by 26.3% (to 245.6 mg/g VSS) and acetate accounting for over 75%. This was driven by CTC-activated extracellular hydrolases, promoting dissolved organic matter release (soluble chemical oxygen demand peak 5915 mg/L) and acetate-dominant pathways. Conversely, high concentrations (≥ 150 mg/kg) reduced VFA by 25.3% and induced propionate accumulation (18.1%) via suppressed hydrolysis. Mechanistically, CTC regulated system stability by modulating EPS, low doses increased soluble/loosely bound EPS and reduced tightly bound EPS, enhancing hydrolase accessibility. This study innovatively clarifies CTC’s dose-dependent regulation in thermophilic fermentation, providing a theoretical framework for optimizing antibiotic-contaminated sludge resource utilization based on concentration thresholds.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}