Water, Air, & Soil Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Decolorization of Dye-Loaded Textile Wastewater: Elucidating the Potential of Chlorella sorokiniana Strain HIN-3 and Effect of Effluent Characteristics","authors":"Hadeeqa Arshad,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran,&nbsp;Muhammad Ashraf,&nbsp;Asif Naeem,&nbsp;Muhammad Atif Riaz","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08021-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08021-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The textile industry generates a substantial quantity of wastewater containing carcinogenic and mutagenic dyes, posing significant environmental risks. Using microalgae to remove dyes from wastewater offers an eco-friendly solution to this issue. Accordingly, this study aimed to characterize textile wastewater and evaluate the potential of <i>Chlorella sorokiniana</i> strain HIN-3 for dye removal. Twenty textile wastewater samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), chlorides, cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel and color. The ability of strain HIN-3 to biodegrade seven structurally distinct dyes was investigated. The effects of metals (cadmium, lead and copper), TDS (1300–5200 mg L⁻¹) and nitrogen sources (NaNO₃, NH₄Cl and urea) on dye degradation were evaluated. Additionally, six dye-rich industrial effluents were treated with microalgae for dye removal, and the activities of dye-degrading enzymes were measured. Results revealed that 25%, 50%, 55% and 100% of the samples exceeded Pakistan's National Environmental Quality Standard (NEQS) limits for pH, TDS, chlorides and dye content, respectively. The decolorization ability of strain HIN-3 varied between 8 and 87% across seven dyes. TDS levels up to 3900 mg L⁻¹ did not affect the decolorization of Congo Red; however, higher TDS levels reduced its efficiency. Similarly, lead and cadmium at 1 mg L⁻¹ had no significant impact, but contamination at 5 mg L⁻¹ decreased decolorization. Among the nitrogen sources tested, urea achieved the highest decolorization rate of 92%. Additionally, strain HIN-3 decolorized 22–65% of the dye-rich textile effluents. The observed decolorization of the dyes was attributed to the activity of dye-degrading enzymes, including laccase, lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase. Thus, due to its high decolorization efficiency in the presence of salts and metals, strain HIN-3 shows great potential for the treatment of textile wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Low-Level Jet and Cold Front in Enhancing Nocturnal Surface Ozone","authors":"Tianyi Hao,&nbsp;Bo Liu,&nbsp;Ziying Cai,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Shucheng Chen,&nbsp;Jingle Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08016-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08016-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The nocturnal surface ozone (O₃) enhancement (NSOE) is receiving increasing attention. To investigate the cause of NSOE, an observation campaign was conducted in the Bohai Bay region using ground, tower-based, aircraft detection, and ground-based remote sensing observations. A typical case on the night of November 9, 2019, was captured, characterized by two surface O₃ enhancements occurring in one night. The Low-Level Jet (LLJ) and cold front before precipitation caused the two NSOEs in succession. The LLJ-induced NSOE event recorded a peak O₃ of 57.0 µg/m³, a rise of 31.0 µg/m³, and a rate of 5.2 µg/(m³·h), whereas the cold front-induced event had a peak of 51.0 µg/m³, a rise of 21.0 µg/m³, and a rate of 7.2 µg/(m³·h). The occurrence of the warm, humid southwesterly LLJ resulted in a downward transmission of sensible heat flux in the first half of the night. This maintained high near-surface temperatures and weakened the stability of the nocturnal atmospheric stratification. Subsidence motion above LLJ and enhanced turbulence near the surface further promote the vertical mixing of O₃. The effect of the cold front in the second half of the night included both vertical and horizontal transport of O₃. The significant sinking motion behind the cold front contributed to the downward transport of upper-level O₃, thus forming an “O₃ front”. Subsequently, the “O₃ front” was transported horizontally by the cold front to enhance the surface O₃ in the region it passed through. The effects of two types of weather systems are covered in this study. However further comprehensive studies are necessary to fully understand the underlying causes of this phenomenon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic Contamination in Freshwater Fish: First Insights from Gelingüllü Reservoir (Türkiye)","authors":"Şeyda Erdoğan","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08037-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08037-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigates microplastic (MP) contamination in the gills and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio), mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio)</i> and European perch (<i>Perca fluviatilis)</i> specimens obtained from Gelingüllü Reservoir (Türkiye). MP particles were found in 58 (75.3%) of the 77 fish examined. The percentages of MP contamination identified in the GITs of common carp, mirror carp, and perch were 46.4% (1.2 ± 1.8 MPs/ind.), 30% (0.5 ± 0.9 MPs/ind.), and 47.4% (0.9 ± 1.1 MPs/ind.), respectively. The differences observed between the three groups were not statistically significant (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). On the other hand, the percentages of MP contamination identified in the gills of common carp, mirror carp, and perch were 46.4% (0.7 ± 0.9 MPs/ind.), 53.3% (0.7 ± 0.8 MPs/ind.), and 68.4% (0.8 ± 0.7 MPs/ind.), respectively (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). There was no statistically significant effect of habitat preference or diet on MP contamination (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The most frequently observed colours in the gills and GIT were blue and black. The most common size category identified in all samples was 0–100 µm, while the 100–200 µm category was predominantly observed only in the common carp gill samples. In addition, all particles observed were fibers, except for the common carp gill sample where 78.9% were fibers and the remaining 21.1% were fragments. The identified spectra were determined to be 50% polystyrene, 25% polyester and 25% polypropylene. This study is significant as the first microplastic research in the Gelingüllü ecosystem, contributing to limited freshwater studies. Moreover, it holds national and international importance due to its role in fish production and export.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-08037-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microfiber Filters for Laundry: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness and Future Research Directions for Pollution Mitigation","authors":"Rathinamoorthy Ramasamy,&nbsp;Logitha Nallendiran,&nbsp;Raja Balasaraswathi Subramanian","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07970-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07970-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Textile materials are a major source of microfibers (MFs), one of the emerging environmental contaminants. Although numerous studies have reported the presence of microfibers in various environments, there is a scarcity of research focused on viable mitigation strategies. Laundry, one of the dominant sources of microfiber release, remains a challenge for the scientific community in developing methods to effectively remove MFs from laundry effluents before they enter the environment. Despite the availability of a few commercial filters aimed at addressing this issue, a comprehensive solution has yet to be identified. In this regard, this review aims to systematically analyze existing filtration systems (both commercial and laboratory scales) in terms of their performance attributes to mitigate this issue. The findings revealed that both commercially available and lab-scale filters have drawbacks, such as filtration efficiency, durability, disposal, and sustainability, which need to be addressed carefully while seeking a wholesome solution. A detailed exploration of existing systems revealed the need to emphasize different attributes and their importance, which acts as a guideline for future innovation. Furthermore, alternative filtration methods are often non-versatile and have restricted applicability to different operational mechanisms and pollutant types. This review offers a critical analysis of current technologies, and provides future directions for researchers in this field by highlighting the research gaps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial, Trend, and Wavelet Analysis of AOD Over Bangladesh","authors":"Salman Tariq,&nbsp;Özgür Zeydan,&nbsp;Hafsa Shahzad,&nbsp;Muhammad Khan","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08023-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08023-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the rapid increase in urbanization and industrialization environmental degradation is one of the major issues of developing countries. During the last couple of years, Bangladesh has faced the poorest air quality due to this urbanization. Therefore, in this study, we used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Multi-angle Imaging Spectro Radiometer (MISR) retrieved Aerosol optical depth (AOD) data to investigate the spatial–temporal distribution, trend analysis, and the periodic nature of AOD over Bangladesh during the monsoon season from 2003 to 2016. Moreover, we used the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope to analyze the trend analysis of aerosol during monsoon season. We also used wavelet coherence analysis (CWT) and Continuous wavelet transform (CWT) function to observe the periodic correlation of AOD with different meteorological parameters i.e., evapotranspiration, latent heat flux, precipitation, relative humidity, wind speed, and surface air temperature. The average MODIS and MISR retrieved AOD showed an increasing trend in the western regions of Bangladesh with an average value ranging from 0.27 to 0.92 and 0.13 to 0.59 respectively. AOD showed minimum values in Chittagong divisions and tends to increase towards the western region of Bangladesh. Furthermore, we observe the insignificant AOD trend during monsoon season due to high precipitation levels during June and July that washout the aerosol. Moreover, the annual variability of average AOD showed the maximum concentration of aerosols in 2008 and while minimum during 2015. Furthermore, CWT of MODIS retrieved AOD and MISR retrieved AOD shows a strong periodicity (&gt; 0.9) during the 2nd to 4th period. MODIS AOD and MISR AOD also show a series of leading, lagging, in-phase, and anti-phase situations for all years 2003–2016, having a strong cross-wavelet transform (XWT) power ranging from 0.0 to 1. Different techniques, such as afforestation, efficient fuel usage, the development of public transport networks, etc., would be employed in light of the study’s findings to lower the concentration of particle pollution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-025-08023-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: A Critical Review on Biological Impacts, Ecotoxicity, and Health Risks Associated with Microplastics","authors":"Iqbal Ansari,&nbsp;Charu Arora,&nbsp;Aazad Verma,&nbsp;Alaa El Din Mahmoud,&nbsp;Maha M. El‑Kady,&nbsp;Ravikumar Rajarathinam,&nbsp;Dakeshwar Kumar Verma,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar Mahish","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07999-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07999-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity Impact of Polyethylene Microplastics on Biochemical Parameters and Oxidative Stress in Benni Fish (Barbus sharpeyi)","authors":"Amal Beitsayah,&nbsp;Aliakbar Hedayati,&nbsp;Mahdi Banaee,&nbsp;Saeed Khodadoost,&nbsp;Roghieh Safari,&nbsp;Amirparviz Salati","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08042-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08042-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the effects of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on the biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in Benni fish (<i>Barbus sharpeyi</i>). Fingerlings (average weight: 10 ± 2 g, length: 6 ± 1 cm) were exposed to PE-MP concentrations of 0, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg/L for 21 days under controlled laboratory conditions. Biochemical analyses revealed significant increases in plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, particularly at higher PE-MP concentrations. A significant increase was observed in albumin levels in fish plasma after exposure to 400, 800, and 1600 mg/L of PE-MPs. Cholesterol levels in fish plasma exposed to 400, 800, and 1600 mg/L of PE-MPs were significantly higher than in the control group. Elevated levels of total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine were also observed, with minimal changes in globulin levels. Oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT), were significantly increased in the hepatocytes, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and thiol levels decreased. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly elevated, indicating lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage. The change in the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index was dose-dependent, and the highest IBR stress was observed at 1600 mg/L PE-MPs. Significant changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and blood biochemical parameters of <i>Barbus sharpeyi</i> indicated the potentially toxic effects of MPs in aquatic environments. These results provided clear evidence of the hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and oxidative stress effects of PE-MPs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Ferric oxide in Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Rice cultivation: A Pot Greenhouse Experiment","authors":"Farzad Rassaei","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08029-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08029-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rice cultivation significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO₂), due to plant respiration and soil microbial activity. This study investigates the potential of ferric oxide (FO) supplementation as a mitigation strategy for CO₂ emissions in rice paddies. A controlled pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of FO application and its interaction with time after planting on CO₂ emissions and rice yield. Results indicate a peak in CO₂ emissions around 40 days after planting, with FO supplementation reducing emissions in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the interaction between FO application and plant growth stages significantly influenced emission patterns. FO-treated soils exhibited lower CO₂ fluxes while maintaining rice productivity, suggesting its potential role in modifying soil biochemical processes. These findings provide new insights into CO₂ dynamics in rice cultivation and highlight FO supplementation as a promising approach for mitigating emissions. Further research is warranted to optimize FO application strategies and assess long-term environmental sustainability in diverse rice-growing conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trace Metal Pollution near a Coal-Fired Power Plant in Bangladesh: Implications for Environmental and Human Health","authors":"Anondo Kumar Ray,&nbsp;Md. Hasan Faruque,&nbsp;Rupesh Das,&nbsp;Sadman Sakib,&nbsp;Mohammad Moniruzzaman,&nbsp;Md. Aftab Ali Shaikh,&nbsp;Anwar Hossain,&nbsp;Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08001-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-08001-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid expansion of coal-fired power plants globally has raised significant environmental concerns, particularly regarding trace metal contamination in aquatic ecosystems. This study evaluates the extent of trace metal pollution in water, sediment, and fish from the Galachipa River, Bangladesh, near the Payra coal-fired power plant. The concentration of nine trace metals (As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, V) was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) from samples collected at ten different stations. The results indicate that Pb concentrations in water (48.90 µg/L) exceeded WHO safety guidelines, with the highest levels recorded near the discharge point. Sediment analysis revealed a Geo-accumulation Index (<i>I</i>_<i>geo</i>) for Cr ranging from 1.71 to 4.12, indicating moderate to extreme contamination. Ecological risk indices, including the Water Quality Index (WQI) and Metal Quality Index (MQI), with highest values of 58.04 and 38.81, respectively classified the water as unsuitable for human consumption and aquatic life. Fish species such as <i>O. pama</i>, <i>A. chacunda</i> and <i>G. chapra</i> exhibited high Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) values, with health risk assessments identifying significant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks primarily driven by arsenic exposure (up to 8.83 × 10^–3 for <i>T. ilisha</i>). Contamination Factor (CF) and Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI) suggest moderate to high risks for aquatic organisms. These findings emphasize the urgent need for improved effluent treatment, stricter regulatory enforcement, and sustainable energy alternatives. Future research should focus on seasonal variations, bioaccumulation trends, and long-term mitigation strategies to safeguard environmental and public health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater Quality Prediction Using Proximal Hyperspectral Sensing, GIS, and Machine Learning Algorithms","authors":"Hemant Raheja,&nbsp;Arun Goel,&nbsp;Mahesh Pal","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-07997-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11270-025-07997-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary objective of the present study is to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes using the Water Quality Index (WQI), Geographic Information System (GIS), and proximal sensing techniques. For this purpose, 272 groundwater samples collected before and after the monsoon period were analyzed for various hydrochemical parameter concentrations. To explore the relationship between water spectral reflectance and WQI, a spectroradiometer was used to measure the reflectance of each sample under laboratory conditions. Four machine learning procedures i.e., Support Vector Regression (SVR), M5P, Random Forest (RF), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) were used to predict WQI using resampled spectral reflectance. The WQI analysis revealed that approximately 30% of the groundwater samples fell within the poor to extremely poor-quality category in both periods, while 55.88% (Pre-monsoon) and 55.14% (Post-monsoon) of samples were classified under moderate quality, indicating marginal suitability for drinking purposes. The spectral curves of WQI indicated a lower reflectance for water samples with lower WQI values, whereas higher reflectance values were associated with higher WQI values. Performance evaluation of machine learning models demonstrated that SVR outperformed M5P, RF, and GPR, achieving the highest Correlation Coefficient (CC = 0.9964) and the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE = 7.0313 mg/L) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE = 3.5056 mg/L) in the training phase, while maintaining similar performance in the testing phase (CC = 0.9964, RMSE = 7.6748 mg/L, MAE = 4.0297 mg/L). These findings highlight the potential of integrating spectral reflectance with machine learning models for accurate groundwater quality assessment and spatial mapping.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}