Apidologie最新文献

{"title":"Copper-accelerated pupation in larvae of the buff-tailed bumble bee","authors":"Antoine Gekière,&nbsp;Maxence Gérard,&nbsp;Dimitri Evrard,&nbsp;Luna Breuer,&nbsp;Luca Dorio,&nbsp;Philippe Maesen,&nbsp;Maryse Vanderplanck,&nbsp;Denis Michez","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01134-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01134-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the expansion of industrial activities, the escalation of pollution by trace metals poses an increasing threat to bees. While the effects of metals on adult bees have been extensively studied in ecotoxicological research, a critical gap persists concerning their impact on bee larvae. Here, we conducted the first study exposing bumble bee larvae to field-realistic concentrations of copper via an in vitro assay, over a span of 25 days. We monitored the duration of their developmental stages, including moments of defecation, pupation, and emergence, alongside their survival rates. Additionally, we recorded their area growth as well as their adult body mass post-emergence. Despite copper exposure exhibiting no discernible influence on the overall duration of development, survival, growth, or adult mass, a significant positive effect was observed on the pupation rate. This outcome is likely attributable to heightened copper-dependent metabolic activities and disturbances in the redox balance. Furthermore, our investigation underscored the pivotal role of initial body size in developmental success, with larger larvae showing elevated emergence and survival rates. Given the efficacy of this assay, we urge regulatory institutions responsible for approving pesticides and other xenobiotics for market use to embrace this experimental approach in future risk assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biting behavior against Varroa mites in honey bees is associated with changes in mandibles, with tracking by a new mobile application for mite damage identification","authors":"Hongmei Li-Byarlay,&nbsp;Kaila Young,&nbsp;Xaryn Cleare,&nbsp;Deng Cao,&nbsp;Shudong Luo","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01126-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01126-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Certain populations of feral or wild European Honey Bees (EHB), <i>Apis mellifera</i>, have developed a tolerance of or persistence against the parasitic mite <i>Varroa destructor</i> in the USA. Although the grooming or mite-biting behavior is a trait bees use to defend against parasitic <i>Varroa</i> mites, little information is available concerning the grooming or mite-biting behavior of feral EHBs. Accordingly, we observed damaged mites of feral bees in Ohio (<i>Apis mellifera ligustica</i>) and commercial bees in four field seasons, 2020 to 2023, as well as feral bees in Kentucky (<i>A. mellifera mellifera</i>) in 2023, for a total of 7494 mites. When the mite-biting behavior was compared among these three populations, feral bees of Ohio (<i>A. m. ligustica</i>) and Kentucky (<i>A. m. mellifera</i>) displayed a significantly higher percentage (22% and 27% more) than the commercial bees. To investigate the mechanism of the mite-biting behavior, we examined bee mandibles. Mandibles are the primary mouthparts and tools used to remove or amputate the <i>Varroa</i> mites. Gentle Africanized honey bees (gAHB, <i>A. mellifera scutellata-</i>hybrid) in Puerto Rican exhibit mite resistance through microevolution on the island. Asian honey bees (<i>A. cerana</i>) are the original natural host of <i>V. destructor</i>. However, little has been reported on the morphometric analysis of mandibles between the two species <i>A. cerana</i> and <i>A. mellifera</i> and between the subspecies <i>A. m. scutellata-</i>hybrid and <i>A. m. ligustica</i>. Utilizing X-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT), we then examined the three-dimensional morphology of mandibles in (1) <i>A. cerana</i>, (2) gAHB <i>A. m. scutellata-</i>hybrid, (3) Ohio feral <i>A. m. ligustica</i>, and (4) package or commercial colonies <i>A. m. ligustica</i>. Our findings revealed distinctive three-dimensional shapes of mandibles, indicating substantial variations among these populations. These variations suggest that mandible morphology has an integral role in the bee’s defensive mechanisms against parasitic mites. We also developed the first smartphone application to quantify the mite damage by applying artificial intelligence to image analysis. This research contributes valuable insights into the prospective selection and breeding of honey bees with enhanced mite resistance, thus promoting the sustainability of apiculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01126-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of major abiotic stressors on honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queens and potential impact on their progeny","authors":"Esmaeil Amiri,&nbsp;Hossam Abou-Shaara,&nbsp;Alison McAfee","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01133-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01133-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Queen health and quality play a significant role in the survival, expansion, and productivity of honey bee colonies. Nevertheless, modern beekeeping practices, intensified agriculture, and climate change can leave queens vulnerable to diverse stressors. These stressors can exert a negative impact on queens, resulting in a range of morphological and physiological abnormalities. The repercussions of queen stress may not only cause direct impacts on her survival and performance, but it may also extend to the offspring of surviving queens through transgenerational mechanisms. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the effects of major abiotic stressors (namely, nutrition, pesticides, and extreme temperatures) on queen health and their potential impacts on the queen’s progeny. Gaining insight into the effects of these factors across individual and colony levels is vital for prioritizing further research on queen and colony health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01133-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term heat exposure at sublethal temperatures reduces sperm quality in males of a solitary bee species, Osmia cornifrons","authors":"Jaya Sravanthi Mokkapati,&nbsp;Johanna Hehl,&nbsp;Lars Straub,&nbsp;Christina M. Grozinger,&nbsp;Natalie Boyle","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01128-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01128-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increased temperature variability and extreme weather events associated with climate change can be detrimental to bees and lead to their population declines. While there is some research on the effects of heatwaves on insect biology and reproduction, impacts on male insect reproduction are not well described. Solitary bees may be more exposed to temperature variation than social bees, since there is no mitigation by group thermoregulation. Here, we evaluated the effects of sublethal heat exposure (at 30 °C and 38 °C) on reproductive fitness of adult males of a solitary bee species, <i>Osmia cornifrons</i>. After 4 h of heat exposure, bees were maintained at 24 °C for 48 h in laboratory cages to reach sexual maturity and later analyzed for sperm abundance (quantity) and proportion of viable sperm (quality). Bees that were reared and maintained at 24 °C served as controls. Despite rehabilitation after heat exposure, both sperm quantity and quality of male <i>O. cornifrons</i> bees were significantly reduced in heat-treated groups compared to controls. These results demonstrate that the exposure to elevated non-lethal temperatures, even for short periods and allowing time for recovery, may negatively affect the reproductive capacity of male solitary bees. Our findings reveal a possible mechanistic explanation for wild bee population declines. Given the importance of solitary bee species (such as <i>O. cornifrons</i>) in natural and agricultural landscapes, our study provides valuable insights into the potential consequences of climate change on these insect populations and the ecosystems they inhabit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01128-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antennal sensilla pattern distribution and odor detection in Bombus pauloensis foragers (Hymenoptera: Apidae)","authors":"Florencia Palottini,&nbsp;Carolina Fernández,&nbsp;María Sol Balbuena","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01123-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01123-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insects rely on chemical information from the environment to survive. The reception of this information mainly occurs through the antennae, when the stimuli contact the sensory receptors located within specialized structures named sensilla. Some bee species present a different number of olfactory sensilla on both antennae and dissimilar responses, denoting olfactory lateralization evidenced by asymmetrical learning abilities. Here, we studied the antennae sensilla pattern and antennal odor detection in the bumblebee <i>Bombus pauloensis</i>, to evaluate olfactory lateralization. By scanning electron microscopy, we quantified and identified antennae sensilla types, and, by electroantennography, we recorded the responses to odors with different hedonic values. We found nine types of sensilla, being the trichodea the most prevalent type. Neither the number of sensilla nor the olfactory responses were different between the left and right antennae. Our findings suggest the absence of olfactory lateralization in <i>B. pauloensis</i>, providing new insights into the complexity of the bee olfactory system and shedding light on the biology of this commercially important bumblebee species, widely employed for crop pollination services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Honey bees in Chile: a national survey of ancestry and admixture","authors":"Kathleen A. Dogantzis,&nbsp;Andrés Vargas-Fernández,&nbsp;María Angélica Larraín,&nbsp;Cristián Araneda,&nbsp;Amro Zayed","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01125-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01125-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the rapid spread and establishment of Africanized honey bee populations in South America, Africanized bees have persisted as the dominant strain. Remarkably, Chile has remained free of Africanized bee populations, making the country a valuable exporter of mated queens. Given Chile’s pivotal role in the apiculture industry, monitoring the genetic makeup of its honey bee colonies is crucial, yet documentation has been limited to a few studies. Here, we evaluate the ancestral composition of honey bees across eleven different regions in Chile. We find that Chilean honey bees have low levels of admixture, which is markedly lower relative to commercial colonies located internationally. The genetic ancestry of Chilean honey bees is primarily of Eastern European origin, with low levels of Western European ancestry. Finally, we detect a significant relationship between geography and genetic ancestry, suggesting regional adaptations that warrant further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One for the road: bumble bees consume pollen at flowers","authors":"Maggie M. Mayberry,&nbsp;Jacob S. Francis,&nbsp;Jenny K. Burrow,&nbsp;Faith E. Dall,&nbsp;Michelle Bowe,&nbsp;Anne S. Leonard,&nbsp;Parker M. Campbell,&nbsp;Avery L. Russell","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01124-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01124-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bees are the primary consumers of pollen in many ecosystems, but pollen consumption by adult bees while foraging is rarely studied, leaving a gap in our understanding of the nutritional ecology of collective foraging and pollination biology more generally. For example, while eusocial bees feed upon pollen from colony stores, whether they also consume pollen directly from flowers to meet their own needs or to assess its quality for the broader collective is unknown. We therefore captured wild bumble bee colonies (<i>Bombus bimaculatus</i> and <i>Bombus griseocollis</i>) and tested whether individual workers consumed pollen directly from flowers in a lab-based foraging assay. After confirming the presence of floral pollen in worker crops (i.e., consumption at flowers), in a field setting, we tested alternative hypotheses for the function of this behavior using information about the composition, abundance, and diversity of pollen found in the crops vs. pollen baskets of three species of pollen- and nectar-foraging bumble bees (<i>Bombus bimaculatus</i>, <i>B. griseocollis</i>, and <i>B. impatiens</i>). Consistent with the hypothesis that consuming pollen at flowers reflects sampling, total pollen quantity in crops was consistently smaller than in pollen baskets, and basket pollen tended to be a subset of that found in crops. Further, pollen foragers consumed more and different kinds of pollen than nectar foragers. Pollen consumption at flowers is thus unlikely to be purely incidental or to substantially benefit workers nutritionally. Instead, consuming pollen directly from flowers likely allows foragers to quickly assess pollen quality before collecting it to feed the colony as a whole.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-parasite interactions between Xenoglossa pruinosa (Apidae: Eucerini) and Triepeolus remigatus (Apidae: Epeolini) are characterized by tolerance and avoidance","authors":"Stephania Sandoval-Arango,&nbsp;Thomas C. Baker,&nbsp;Margarita M. López-Uribe","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01121-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01121-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In cleptoparasitic bees, host aggression and detection avoidance might be the main selective pressures shaping host-parasite interactions. However, the behavioral responses toward parasitism are unknown for most host species. In this study, we investigated the host-parasite interactions and behaviors of the cleptoparasitic bee <i>Triepeolus remigatus</i> when parasitizing the nests of its host, the squash bee <i>Xenoglossa</i> (<i>Peponapis</i>) <i>pruinosa</i>. Using circle-tube behavioral assays and direct observations at a nest aggregation of <i>X. pruinosa</i>, we assessed whether interactions between host and parasite were aggressive, tolerant, or avoidant and characterized the general parasitic behavior of <i>T. remigatus</i>. Our results reveal a lack of aggression between host and cuckoo bees, with interactions primarily characterized by tolerant and avoidant behaviors. Squash bees displayed minimal aggression toward both conspecifics and parasites. Interestingly, despite the absence of aggressive responses, <i>T. remigatus</i> preferred entering nests while the host was foraging, potentially indicating a strategy to avoid the discovery of parasitic visits. Furthermore, field observations provided insights into the parasitic behavior of <i>T. remigatus</i>, revealing primarily rapid visits to host nests without extensive inspection. The limited aggression and short time for nest visits observed in <i>T. remigatus</i> suggest adaptations to optimize parasitic success while minimizing host detection. Overall, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of open-cell parasites and provide a first accounting of the squash bee behavior when encountering parasitic bees. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying host-parasite coevolution and response to parasitism in ground-nesting bees.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01121-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved method and apparatus for assessing bee foraging preferences","authors":"Evin T. Magner,&nbsp;Jeff T. Norris,&nbsp;Emilie C. Snell-Rood,&nbsp;Adrian D. Hegeman,&nbsp;Clay J. Carter","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01120-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01120-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bees are essential pollinators for many plant species, but multiple threats exist to both managed and wild bee populations. Since bee nutrition is critical for hive and colony health, their innate foraging behaviors and food preferences are the subject of extensive study. Multiple approaches have been developed to assess bee foraging behavior and associated preferences, but these approaches are often labor-intensive and provide data on a limited number of parameters. In this manuscript, we present an improved method to quantify bee foraging preferences, including the design, build, and implementation of an inexpensive and automated feeding apparatus capable of recording (1) environmental conditions, (2) species and behavior through photos and videos, (3) foraging activity, and (4) food consumption. The efficacy of this apparatus is demonstrated through preference tests with artificial nectars, while also acknowledging the limitations of this approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nesting ecology of the bee Hylaeus (Hylaeopsis) platensis n. sp. (Colletidae, Hylaeinae) with description of its parasite, Grotea hylaeivora n. sp. (Ichneumonidae, Labeninae)","authors":"Favio Vossler,&nbsp;Arturo Roig-Alsina","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01122-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01122-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nests of the new species <i>Hylaeus platensis</i> were found in mature inflorescence scapes of the native tussock grass <i>Cortaderia selloana</i>, in Entre Ríos, Argentina. The nests occupied the hollow stems. Detailed information on the structure of the nests is presented. Nests had up to 12 linearly arranged cells of translucent cellophane-like lining with various bee stages, with semi-liquid pollen-nectar provisions, or empty with a dry fecal plate at the base. Accumulations of sawdust and empty spaces were also sometimes found. Pollen hosts were studied by palynological analysis of provisions and feces from the nests. To characterize the diet, pollen counts, pollen volumes, and the index of relative importance (IRI) were taken into account. The results show that <i>H. platensis</i> is a polylectic bee, since it collects pollen from genera in at least four different plant families. A predominance of <i>Salix humboldtiana</i> pollen in most samples is interpreted as the result of occasional preference. A parasitoid ichneumonid, <i>Grotea hylaeivora</i> n. sp., was reared from the nests. Large larvae of this parasitoid wasp were found occupying the length of two neighboring <i>Hylaeus</i> cells, within a membranous cocoon separated by disc partitions. A sum of plesiomorphic characteristics present in this species suggest that <i>G. hylaeivora</i> may represent the sister taxon to all extant species of <i>Grotea</i>. Both the bee and the ichneumonid new taxa are described and illustrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}