Apidologie最新文献

{"title":"Commercial honey bee keeping compromises wild bee conservation in Mediterranean nature reserves","authors":"Clément Tourbez,&nbsp;William Fiordaliso,&nbsp;Avi Bar-Massada,&nbsp;Amit Dolev,&nbsp;Denis Michez,&nbsp;Achik Dorchin","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01130-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01130-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global commercial honey bee keeping for crop pollination and honey production is increasingly identified as a threat to wild bee populations. Intensive honey bee keeping is particularly alarming in Mediterranean regions that are considered global diversity hotspots for bees. Yet, the effects on the bee communities and their variation as a function of the distance to apiaries (i.e. collection of bee hives) remain poorly explored. To fill this gap, we investigated 56 sites adjacent and far (&gt; 1 km) from apiaries in three large nature reserves in Northern Israel. We explored the effects of proximity to apiaries on wild bee taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity and compared bee community composition between sites far and near to apiaries. Our records of 295 bee species include regionally restricted and undescribed species and contribute to the knowledge of Israel’s bee fauna. We found that proximity to apiaries reduced both the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of wild bees, and that this impact depended on individual abundance. We show that across nature reserves, 41.7 to 56.5% of the bee species diversity is concentrated in sites far from apiaries, with fewer species shared between near and far sites. Our results suggest that honey bee keeping is correlated with lower species richness in wild Mediterranean bee communities, potentially disrupting pollination processes and ultimately compromising ecosystem stability. We caution against intensive bee keeping in or near nature reserves for the conservation and safeguarding of diverse Mediterranean wild bee communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of exposure of larvae to boscalid at field concentrations on gene expression in honey bees","authors":"Victor Desclos le Peley,&nbsp;Carole Moreau-Vauzelle,&nbsp;Daniel Raboteau,&nbsp;Tiffany Laverre,&nbsp;Stéphane Grateau,&nbsp;Pierrick Aupinel,&nbsp;Freddie-Jeanne Richard","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01131-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01131-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Apis mellifera</i> often encounters the fungicide boscalid in agricultural landscape. In this study, we assessed the impacts of ingesting boscalid and Pictor Pro® (a commercial formulation of boscalid) at environmentally relevant doses during the larval development phase. Following chronic exposure, we measured survival, development time, and gene expression in both larvae and in 10-day-old workers. The genes analyzed were involved in immunity, detoxification, development, and mitochondrial activity pathways. We found no significant impact of boscalid in larval survival and emergence. However, genes related to cytochrome b, succinate dehydrogenase, and catalase were downregulated in larvae and adult workers exposed to boscalid, though the differences were not significant when compared to the solvent control. Late variation was observed in 10 days adult bees’ overexpression of the vitellogenin gene, which is linked to development. The effects observed with boscalid molecule were not seen with the commercially formulated product, Pictor Pro®.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De novo genome assembly and annotations of Bombus lapidarius and Bombus niveatus provide insights into the environmental adaptability","authors":"Vahap Eldem,&nbsp;Yusuf Ulaş Çınar,&nbsp;Selahattin Barış Çay,&nbsp;Onur Obut,&nbsp;Selim Can Kuralay,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Balcı,&nbsp;Pınar Akbaba,&nbsp;Tuana Öğretici,&nbsp;Tunç Dabak,&nbsp;Burcu Daşer Özgişi,&nbsp;Çiğdem Özenirler,&nbsp;Gökmen Zararsız,&nbsp;Esma Gamze Aksel,&nbsp;Fatih Dikmen","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01140-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01140-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bumblebees are ubiquitous, cold-adapted, primitively eusocial bees and important pollinators for crops and vegetation. However, many species are declining worldwide due to multiple factors, including human-induced habitat loss, agricultural chemicals, global warming, and climate change. In particular, future climate scenarios predict a shift in the spatial distribution of bumblebees under global warming, with some species declining and others potentially expanding. Here, we report a de novo genome assembly and annotation for <i>Bombus lapidarius</i> and <i>Bombus niveatus</i> to decipher species-specific potential genomic capacity against such environmental stressors. With harboring more than 23,000 protein-coding genes, the assembled genomes of <i>B. lapidarius</i> and <i>B. niveatus</i> are 244.44 Mb (scaffold N50 of 9.45 Mb) and 259.84 Mb (scaffold N50 of 10.94 Mb), respectively, which exhibit similar trends in terms of genome size and composition with other bumblebees. Gene family analysis reveals differences in species-specific expanded gene families. <i>B. lapidarius</i> exhibits expanded genes related to pre/postsynaptic organization, while <i>B. niveatus</i> shows a distinct expansion in gene families regulating cellular growth, aging, and responses to abiotic and biotic stressors, such as those containing SCAN domains, WD-repeats, and Ras-related proteins. Our genome-wide screens revealed positive selection on environmental stress-responsive genes such as <i>dip2</i>,<i> yme1l</i>, and <i>spg7</i> in <i>B. lapidarius</i>, whereas positive selection signatures were found in genes such as <i>myd88</i>, <i>mybbp1A</i>, and <i>rhau</i>, which are involved in environmental stress resistance for <i>B. niveatus</i>. These high-quality genome assemblies and comparative genome analysis unveil potential drivers that underlie genome evolution in bumblebees, offering valuable insights into environmental adaptation and conservation efforts.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01140-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific note on mortality of a stingless bee Tetragona clavipes colony infested with clown beetles Hololepta reichii (Histeridae) and black soldier flies Hermetia illucens (Stratiomyidae) in Southeastern Brazil","authors":"Thiago S. Depintor,&nbsp;David De Jong","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01142-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01142-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical exposure of honey bee queens to heat-inactivated Israeli acute paralysis virus does not protect their offspring against active infection","authors":"Prabashi Manuja Wickramasinghe,&nbsp;Chenoa NG Kaufman,&nbsp;Olav Rueppell","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01135-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01135-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) confront a multitude of challenges to their health throughout their lifespan and have naturally evolved protective mechanisms to defend against biological stressors. Transgenerational immune priming (TGIP) is one such defense mechanism that confers protection against bacterial infections from parents to offspring. However, it is unclear whether TGIP in honey bees also protects against viral infections, which may offer a promising pathway to decrease the honey bees’ susceptibility to viral infections. We studied our hypothesis that honey bees can prime their offspring against Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV). We tested the prediction that the offspring of queens exposed to thermally inactivated IAPV would exhibit higher survival of an acute IAPV infection than the offspring of sham-treated queens. Based on pilot studies that compared the effects of different inoculation methods, we topically inoculated experimental queens with heat-inactivated IAPV and compared survival of an infection with active IAPV between their offspring and offspring of sham-treated control queens. IAPV infection significantly decreased offspring survival but maternal exposure to the inactive virus did not affect this outcome. Our results fail to support the notion that maternal exposure confers the same level of protection against virus infections as observed against bacterial infections, at least in this specific instant, underscoring the intricate nature of the honey bees’ transgenerational immune response. Further development of effective strategies against viral threats to improve honey bee health is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01135-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroalgal extracts as an alternative for the control of Paenibacillus larvae","authors":"Carolina Fernández,&nbsp;María Amparo Blanco Mendez,&nbsp;María Federica Faure,&nbsp;Ana Paula Murray,&nbsp;Silvana Rodríguez,&nbsp;Ailen Melisa Poza,&nbsp;Fernando Gaspar Dellatorre,&nbsp;Leticia Andrea Fernández","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01127-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01127-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study evaluated the potential use of methanolic extracts from two seaweeds from the Argentine Patagonian coasts, <i>Macrocystis pyrifera</i> and <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i>, as natural alternatives against <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i>. We carried out a detailed characterization of both seaweeds, comparing vegetative and reproductive thallus portions. We also assessed their phenolic content and antioxidant activity and evaluated the <i>in vitro</i> antibacterial action. Based on the minimal inhibitory concentration results, extracts from sporophyll of <i>Undaria</i> (US) and basal thallus portion of <i>Macrocystis</i> (MB) are strong inhibitors. US showed the best activity against <i>P. larvae</i> strain CMM(B)35 (12.2 μg/mL), and MB showed the same activity for strains CMM(B)35 and MAR1 (18.6 μg/mL). Antioxidant activity was higher in US, followed by MB, and a positive correlation was found with phenolic content. Taken together, our results indicate the role of specific chemical compounds present in algal extracts on antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity against <i>P. larvae</i>. We conclude that these seaweeds are promising alternatives against <i>P. larvae</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142939015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explainable artificial intelligence for differentiating honey bee genotypes using morphometrics and SSR markers","authors":"Berkant İsmail Yıldız,&nbsp;Kemal Karabağ,&nbsp;Uğur Bilge,&nbsp;Aziz Gül","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01139-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01139-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to classify honey bee genotypes by integrating explainable artificial intelligence techniques, particularly decision trees, with both morphometric and molecular data. A total of 4949 samples were collected from 500 colonies across five regions in Türkiye, representing diverse subspecies and ecotypes. Morphometric data included 16 key wing characteristics, while molecular data contained 26 highly informative SSR loci. First, we used 16 morphometric wing parameters to classify bees into five regions where they originate. The decision tree algorithm resulted in a tree with wing length and O26 and L13 angles, but the classification accuracy was low (51%). Later, we included 26 molecular variables and obtained a decision tree with four SSR loci—Ap218, Ap274, Ap001, and Ap289—and achieved a high classification accuracy of 96.38%. The findings also revealed the first-ever identification of a SSR locus (Ap218) strongly associated with wing length in honey bees. Finally, we explained wing length with molecular data by modeling a regression decision tree. This tree identified Ap218, Ap223, and Ap001 as the most significant SSR loci for the wing length model. This study provides a powerful approach for differentiating honey bee genotypes while offering valuable insights into the genetic factors influencing wing morphology. The results have significant implications for the conservation and sustainable management of honey bee genetic resources, particularly in regions like Türkiye where genetic diversity is at risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142912998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of diet enhancement on the health of commercial bumblebee colonies","authors":"Rosaline A. Hulse,&nbsp;Annette Van Oystaeyen,&nbsp;Joanne D. Carnell,&nbsp;Danielle Beckett,&nbsp;William G. Grey,&nbsp;Dave Goulson,&nbsp;Felix Wackers,&nbsp;William O. H. Hughes","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01132-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01132-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Commercially reared bees provide economically important pollination services for a diversity of crops. Improving their health is important both to maximise their pollination services and to avoid possible pathogen spillover or spillback with wild pollinators. Diet quality may directly or indirectly affect diverse aspects of bumblebee health, including colony development, individual size and immune health, but the impact of this remains unclear. Here we investigate experimentally the effect of diet quality during bumblebee colony development using three diets: (1) a standard pollen diet used in commercial rearing of colonies for sale, (2) an enhanced diet comprised of a wildflower pollen mix that was expected to be nutritionally superior (including by having an elevated protein content) and (3) a diet of pollen substitute mixed with the standard diet that was expected to be nutritionally poorer. The effect of diet quality on colony health was quantified using colony-level measures (colony weight, size [number of live workers] and number of dead individuals), and individual-level measures (body size, fat body size [proportion of body weight], total haemocyte count and phenoloxidase immune enzyme activity). Diet quality significantly affected colony growth, with colonies fed the enhanced diet growing larger and producing more reproductives than those fed either a standard or poor diet. The enhanced diet also resulted in bees that were significantly larger and had better immune health. The results show that diet can have important effects on the health of commercially reared bumblebees and suggest that the enhancement of standard-rearing diets may improve colony health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01132-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142912997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper-accelerated pupation in larvae of the buff-tailed bumble bee","authors":"Antoine Gekière,&nbsp;Maxence Gérard,&nbsp;Dimitri Evrard,&nbsp;Luna Breuer,&nbsp;Luca Dorio,&nbsp;Philippe Maesen,&nbsp;Maryse Vanderplanck,&nbsp;Denis Michez","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01134-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01134-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the expansion of industrial activities, the escalation of pollution by trace metals poses an increasing threat to bees. While the effects of metals on adult bees have been extensively studied in ecotoxicological research, a critical gap persists concerning their impact on bee larvae. Here, we conducted the first study exposing bumble bee larvae to field-realistic concentrations of copper via an in vitro assay, over a span of 25 days. We monitored the duration of their developmental stages, including moments of defecation, pupation, and emergence, alongside their survival rates. Additionally, we recorded their area growth as well as their adult body mass post-emergence. Despite copper exposure exhibiting no discernible influence on the overall duration of development, survival, growth, or adult mass, a significant positive effect was observed on the pupation rate. This outcome is likely attributable to heightened copper-dependent metabolic activities and disturbances in the redox balance. Furthermore, our investigation underscored the pivotal role of initial body size in developmental success, with larger larvae showing elevated emergence and survival rates. Given the efficacy of this assay, we urge regulatory institutions responsible for approving pesticides and other xenobiotics for market use to embrace this experimental approach in future risk assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biting behavior against Varroa mites in honey bees is associated with changes in mandibles, with tracking by a new mobile application for mite damage identification","authors":"Hongmei Li-Byarlay,&nbsp;Kaila Young,&nbsp;Xaryn Cleare,&nbsp;Deng Cao,&nbsp;Shudong Luo","doi":"10.1007/s13592-024-01126-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13592-024-01126-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Certain populations of feral or wild European Honey Bees (EHB), <i>Apis mellifera</i>, have developed a tolerance of or persistence against the parasitic mite <i>Varroa destructor</i> in the USA. Although the grooming or mite-biting behavior is a trait bees use to defend against parasitic <i>Varroa</i> mites, little information is available concerning the grooming or mite-biting behavior of feral EHBs. Accordingly, we observed damaged mites of feral bees in Ohio (<i>Apis mellifera ligustica</i>) and commercial bees in four field seasons, 2020 to 2023, as well as feral bees in Kentucky (<i>A. mellifera mellifera</i>) in 2023, for a total of 7494 mites. When the mite-biting behavior was compared among these three populations, feral bees of Ohio (<i>A. m. ligustica</i>) and Kentucky (<i>A. m. mellifera</i>) displayed a significantly higher percentage (22% and 27% more) than the commercial bees. To investigate the mechanism of the mite-biting behavior, we examined bee mandibles. Mandibles are the primary mouthparts and tools used to remove or amputate the <i>Varroa</i> mites. Gentle Africanized honey bees (gAHB, <i>A. mellifera scutellata-</i>hybrid) in Puerto Rican exhibit mite resistance through microevolution on the island. Asian honey bees (<i>A. cerana</i>) are the original natural host of <i>V. destructor</i>. However, little has been reported on the morphometric analysis of mandibles between the two species <i>A. cerana</i> and <i>A. mellifera</i> and between the subspecies <i>A. m. scutellata-</i>hybrid and <i>A. m. ligustica</i>. Utilizing X-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT), we then examined the three-dimensional morphology of mandibles in (1) <i>A. cerana</i>, (2) gAHB <i>A. m. scutellata-</i>hybrid, (3) Ohio feral <i>A. m. ligustica</i>, and (4) package or commercial colonies <i>A. m. ligustica</i>. Our findings revealed distinctive three-dimensional shapes of mandibles, indicating substantial variations among these populations. These variations suggest that mandible morphology has an integral role in the bee’s defensive mechanisms against parasitic mites. We also developed the first smartphone application to quantify the mite damage by applying artificial intelligence to image analysis. This research contributes valuable insights into the prospective selection and breeding of honey bees with enhanced mite resistance, thus promoting the sustainability of apiculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8078,"journal":{"name":"Apidologie","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13592-024-01126-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}