Anticancer research最新文献

{"title":"Protopine Exerts Anti-Leukemic Effects by Promoting ROS-mediated Inhibition of Survival Signals in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells.","authors":"Ji-Eun Lee, Byeol-Eun Jeon, Chan-Seong Kwon, Youngseob Seo, Sang-Woo Kim","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The inhibition of differentiation in myeloid progenitor cells is a hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The chemotherapy regimen for AML patients, the so-called 7+3 protocol and the survival rate, have remained unchanged for decades, leaving AML one of the most lethal diseases among adults. Differentiation therapy represents a promising approach that aims to induce the maturation of leukemic progenitor cells into non-proliferative, terminally differentiated cells, thereby directly targeting the underlying pathogenesis of the disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The anti-leukemic effects of protopine were evaluated using flow cytometry, MTS assay, cell proliferation assay, and trypan blue exclusion test. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed using MitoSOX Red staining. Apoptosis- and cell survival-related proteins were analyzed via Western blotting. Disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential was determined using the JC-1 dye.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Protopine exhibited differentiation-inducing activity in AML cells, which was closely associated with its inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and viability. Mechanistically, increased ROS levels and subsequent up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16 and p21 played a critical role in protopine-induced differentiation. Additionally, protopine suppressed the AKT and ERK survival signaling pathways and down-regulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins. These changes were associated with mitochondrial membrane potential disruption and the induction of apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Protopine represents a promising candidate for differentiation-based therapy in AML.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3669-3685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncological Outcomes of Varying Resection Margin Lengths in Colon Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Naoya Kimura, Masatsugu Hiraki, Shunsuke Furukawa, Haruna Ikuno, Eri Kisu, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Naohiko Kohya, Ryuichiro Samejima","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>In colon cancer surgery, the current Japanese guidelines recommend a resection margin of ≥10 cm to prevent local recurrence. However, achieving this length can be difficult in certain clinical scenarios. The optimal resection margin length and its impact on oncological outcomes remain controversial.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 148 patients with stage II/III colon cancer who underwent curative laparoscopic resection between 2013 and 2019. Patients were grouped by the shortest resection margin as follows: Group 1 (<5.0 cm), Group 2 (5.0-9.9 cm), and Group 3 (≥10.0 cm). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to minimize selection bias between Groups 2 and 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group 1 had significantly poorer DFS and OS than Groups 2 and 3 (<i>p</i>=0.004 and <i>p</i>=0.0448, respectively). No significant differences in DFS or OS were found between Groups 2 and 3 before or after PSM. After 1:1 matching, DFS and OS remained comparable between the two groups (<i>p</i>=0.9339 and <i>p</i>=0.4857, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A resection margin ≥5.0 cm was associated with oncological outcomes equivalent to those achieved with margins ≥10.0 cm. Margins of <5.0 cm were linked to poorer survival, suggesting a higher risk of recurrence. These findings support a revision of the rigid 10-cm margin guideline, and suggest that a ≥5.0-cm margin may be sufficient for favorable outcomes in laparoscopic colon cancer surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"4005-4013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Neoadjuvant Treatments on Mesorectal Computed Tomography Values and Tumor Regression in Rectal Cancer.","authors":"Hiroaki Nozawa, S O Kasuga, Koji Murono, Kazuhito Sasaki, Shigenobu Emoto, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Soichiro Ishihara","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The efficacy of preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for lower rectal cancer is primarily determined by its effects on the primary tumor. We recently reported an association between the change in mesorectal CT values (ΔCTVs) during chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and histological tumor regression grade (TRG). However, the influence of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (ST) on the mesorectum remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the association between ΔCTV before and after neoadjuvant therapy including systemic therapy (ST) and other preoperative, surgical and pathological factors.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Patients with lower rectal cancer who underwent CRT (93 cases) or ST (16 cases) before surgery were examined. Clinicopathological factors, including ΔCTV at predetermined points within the mesorectum were compared between the two neoadjuvant treatments. Multivariate analysis was also conducted to identify factors associated with good TRG (TRG 2/3) based on the Japanese Classification of Colorectal Carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ΔCTV was higher with CRT than with ST (median: +8.7 <i>vs.</i> -6.0 Hounsfield Units; <i>p</i>=0.002). However, operative time (<i>p</i>=0.003) and blood loss (<i>p</i>=0.03) during rectal surgery were higher with ST than with CRT. Multivariate analysis identified CRT and ΔCTV >6.5 Hounsfield Units as independent predictors of good TRG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both CRT and high ΔCTV were associated with good TRG in rectal cancer. CRT generally increased ΔCTV, suggesting the induction of mesorectal edema. Despite this unfavorable condition for dissecting the surgical plane, short-term surgical outcomes were better with CRT than with ST owing to greater tumor shrinkage.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3921-3930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of a Copy-neutral Loss of Heterozygosity Pattern in Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma With Potential Prognostic Value.","authors":"Sutheemon Techa-Ay, Sasithorn Watcharadetwittaya, Raksawan Deenonpoe, Kitti Intuyod, Anchalee Techasen, Poramate Klanrit, Watcharin Loilome, Prakasit Sa-Ngiamwibool, Malinee Thanee","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is an aggressive bile duct cancer with a poor prognosis (10-40% 5-year survival after resection), that is mostly found in Thailand and has limited prognostic models. Copy neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) in various cancers affects their progression leading to poorer overall survival. This study aimed to explore cnLOH patterns in individual pCCA patients in order to develop a predictive model for prognostic biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>DNA was extracted from 14 frozen tissues and chromosome microarray (CMA) was performed to analyze cnLOH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of cnLOH revealed a median of 14 events per sample. The most frequent cnLOH was observed on chromosome 1q, followed by high occurrences on chromosomes 2, 3p, 5q, 6q, 7q, 11q, and 12q. Importantly, we identified several specific cnLOH regions (2p23.2, 2p23.3, and 6p11.1) where alterations were significantly associated with decreased overall survival (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide evidence that cnLOH events may contribute to disease progression and influence overall survival in patients with pCCA, indicating a potential role in the underlying molecular mechanisms of this malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3737-3748"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients Diagnosed With Metastatic Castration-sensitive Prostate Cancer and High Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels Did Not Receive an Adequate Dose of Cabazitaxel.","authors":"Yasushi Nakai, Kenta Onishi, Yoriaki Kagebayashi, Ken Fujimoto, Akihide Hirayama, Masaki Haramoto, Atsushi Tomioka, Kenji Otsuka, Eijiro Okajima, Takeshi Otani, Yoshihiro Matsumoto, Yukinari Hosokawa, Masahiro Tanaka, Toshihisa Saka, Nobuo Oyama, Shuya Hirao, Kiyohide Fujimoto, Nobumichi Tanaka","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Timely administration of cabazitaxel is critical for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), and missing this opportunity can significantly impact outcomes. However, the specific reasons for this remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate factors, at the time of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) diagnosis, that are associated with the inability to receive cabazitaxel in patients who are managed with docetaxel for mCRPC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 146 patients from 17 hospitals who received docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) between September 2014 and December 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The cutoff values for continuous variables indicating the inability to receive ≥4 cycles of cabazitaxel were defined using the Youden index in the receiver operating characteristic analysis. Evaluating the factors at diagnosis related to not receiving ≥4 cycles of cabazitaxel was the study endpoint, using Binary logistic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up time from diagnosis was 40.5 [interquartile range (IQR)=23.0-70.7] months. Sixty-four patients could not receive ≥4 cycles of cabazitaxel for mCRPC. In the multivariate analysis, LDH level ≥326 U/l (n=22) (reference: <326 U/l (n=124), odds ratio=6.22, 95% confidence interval=1.90-20.4) was significantly related to failure to receive ≥4 cycles of cabazitaxel for mCRPC. Patients with LDH levels ≥326 U/l had a significantly shorter overall survival time than those with LDH levels <326 U/l (median: 22 <i>vs.</i> 72 months; <i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with high LDH levels upon mCSPC diagnosis were not able to receive ≥4 cycles of cabazitaxel due to rapid progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3953-3960"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Significance of Phosphorylated Yes-associated Protein (YAP) (Ser 127) Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Yusuke Amano, Daisuke Matsubara, Atsushi Kihara, Taichiro Yoshimoto, Noriyoshi Fukushima, Hiroshi Nishino, Yoshiyuki Mori, Kentaro Inamura, Toshiro Niki","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The Hippo signaling pathway comprises mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1/2, large tumor suppressor 1/2, and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). This study investigated phosphorylated YAP (pYAP, Ser 127) protein expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Tissues from patients with oral epithelial dysplasia (OED, n=7), carcinoma <i>in situ</i> (CIS, n=14), and OSCC (n=109) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cytoplasmic expression of pYAP was low in OED, CIS, and OSCC tissues. The expression of pYAP was correlated with differentiation, and the expression of low levels of YAP was significantly more common in well-differentiated to moderately differentiated OSCC than in poorly differentiated OSCC. High pYAP expression correlates with characteristics of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), <i>e.g.</i>, loss of E-cadherin and increased expression of vimentin and laminin 5 (<i>p</i><0.0001). Additionally, the protein arginine methyltransferase 1, a positive modulatory factor of YAP activity, was found to be correlated with elevated levels of pYAP expression (<i>p</i><0.0007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of elevated pYAP expression may serve as a prognostic indicator of an aggressive OSCC with EMT during the invasive stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3835-3845"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144939995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOD2-mediated TMZ-resistant Glioblastoma Cells Exhibit Cross-resistance to Irradiation.","authors":"Wei-Ting Hsueh, Kwang-Yu Chang, Jian-Ying Chuang, Ming-Sheng Liu, Pei-Hsuan Chung, Jui-Mei Chu, Chia-Hung Chien","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor associated with poor prognosis and frequent resistance to standard treatments, including temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy. Our previous study identified superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) as a key contributor to TMZ resistance through enhanced antioxidant defenses. This study aimed to determine whether SOD2 also plays a role in reduced radiation sensitivity in TMZ-resistant GBM cells.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Clonogenic assays were used to assess the radiation response of TMZ-resistant U87MG and A172 cells. A pharmacological SOD inhibitor (SODi), sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate, was applied to evaluate its effect on radiosensitivity. An <i>in vivo</i> subcutaneous xenograft model derived from resistant U87MG cells was used to examine the efficacy of combination therapy with TMZ, irradiation, and SODi. Tumor progression was monitored using a bioluminescence imaging system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TMZ-resistant GBM cells demonstrated enhanced survival after 4 Gy radiation exposure, indicating a cross-resistance phenotype. SODi treatment significantly reduced colony formation <i>in vitro</i> and restored sensitivity to irradiation. <i>In vivo</i>, the triple combination of TMZ, irradiation, and SODi markedly suppressed tumor growth compared to other treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SOD2 contributes to both TMZ and radiation resistance in GBM. Targeting resistance-associated pathways may offer a promising strategy to improve the efficacy of radiochemotherapy in treatment-refractory glioblastoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3711-3718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paclitaxel-induced Peripheral Neuropathy and Quality of Life: Sub-analysis of the MICHEL Study.","authors":"Aya Sawa, Riko Sato, Tomohei Matsuo, Mai Okazaki, Sachie Hashimoto, Akiko Iguchi-Manaka, Kensuke Shimada, Bryan J Mathis, Takeshi Yamada, Takeshi Machino, Hiroko Bando","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Paclitaxel, a taxane-class drug commonly used as part of a chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer, is causative for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). The MICHEL study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of mirogabalin against CIPN which included, among its secondary endpoints, a questionnaire in which patients rated in detail the impact of their CIPN on their activities of daily living. In this study, we performed a sub-analysis for this secondary endpoint and attempted to identify acute changes that signaled CIPN.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This is a sub-analysis of the MICHEL study, which was a single-arm, open-label, prospective intervention pilot study conducted at the University of Tsukuba Hospital between April 2022 to April 2024. Patients with grade 2 or higher CIPN during weekly paclitaxel treatment for primary breast cancer were enrolled and received mirogabalin orally for 4 weeks. Patient Neurotoxicity Questionnaire scores were obtained and interrupted activities of daily living were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 patients were enrolled, with a median age at enrollment of 56.5 years; all were female. The median number of paclitaxel doses given before study enrollment was 5.5. The most common activities of daily living interfered with were: buttoning clothes (35%), climbing stairs (30%), walking (20%) at baseline and buttoning clothes (55%), writing (45%), walking (45%), and climbing stairs (35%) at week 5. In addition, some few patients showed improvements in activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Paclitaxel administration affected activities of daily living through CIPN and symptoms were primarily noted in the hands and feet with regard to fine motor hand movements and mobility. Individualized care, potentially with duloxetine or rehabilitation exercises (in addition to self-care education), may be considered stopgap measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3827-3833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Predicts Prognosis in Older Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Study.","authors":"Kazuki Otani, Keisuke Kazama, Toru Aoyama, Itaru Hashimoto, Aya Kato, Yukio Maezawa, Masakatsu Numata, Ayako Tamagawa, Yosuke Atsumi, Sho Sawazaki, Norio Yukawa, Aya Saito","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, with older patients often experiencing malnutrition, which affects treatment outcomes. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a simple tool for assessing the nutritional status in older adults. This study evaluated the association between the preoperative GNRI and long-term prognosis in elderly patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective cohort study analyzed 1,176 patients ≥65 years old who underwent curative resection for stage 0-III colorectal adenocarcinoma between 2001 and 2020. Patients were categorized into high-GNRI (hG; GNRI ≥98, n=770) and low-GNRI (lG; GNRI <98, n=406) groups. The overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared between groups using a Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lG group had significantly more females, right-sided colon cancers, and advanced T-stage tumors and significantly more frequent postoperative complications than the hG group. A multivariate analysis identified GNRI as an independent prognostic factor for both the OS and RFS. Respective 3-year OS rates were 91.4% and 80.6%, and respective 3-year RFS rates were 84.8% and 73.8% in the hG and lG groups. Hematogenous recurrence was significantly more common in the lG group than in the hG group (16.7% <i>vs.</i> 10.5%, <i>p</i>=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The preoperative GNRI was an independent prognostic factor for long-term outcomes in older patients with CRC. This easily calculated index provides valuable complementary information to traditional staging systems and can be readily implemented in clinical practice to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from intensive perioperative management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"4015-4025"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144939991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of S-1 and Oxaliplatin With Radiotherapy for Anorectal Cancer.","authors":"Noriko Wada, Naohiro Nishida, Mitsunobu Takeda, Yuki Sekido, Tsuyoshi Hata, Atsushi Hamabe, Takayuki Ogino, Norikatsu Miyoshi, Mamoru Uemura, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Doki, Taroh Satoh","doi":"10.21873/anticanres.17744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.17744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma, the optimal regimen remains unknown. For squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus mitomycin C (MMC) with radiotherapy (RT) is commonly used; however, alternative medicines are needed for patients unable to receive MMC or those avoiding prolonged infusion. The combination of S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) with RT has been explored for rectal and anal cancer, but its efficacy and safety remain uncertain. This study retrospectively evaluated SOX + RT outcomes.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study analyzed 20 patients with anorectal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma who received SOX + RT at Osaka University Hospital between March 2012 and June 2024. SOX+RT was administered as neoadjuvant or curative treatment. Tumor regression and adverse events were assessed per standard grading criteria. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 20 evaluable cases, 14 were adenocarcinomas and 6 were SCCs. Twelve patients received the treatment as neoadjuvant therapy, while eight underwent it with curative intent. The local response rate was 60%, with all SCC cases achieving complete response. R0 resection was achieved in 83%, and anal preservation in 88%. The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 39.2%, and overall survival (OS) was 70.6%, with SCC showing better PFS (80.0%) than adenocarcinoma (28.6%). Grade 3 adverse events occurred in 50%, but no treatment-related deaths were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SOX + RT was safe and effective, particularly for SCC, suggesting its potential as an alternative when standard therapy is not feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":8072,"journal":{"name":"Anticancer research","volume":"45 9","pages":"3847-3857"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}