Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials最新文献

{"title":"Global mapping of antibiotic resistance rates among clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Narjess Bostanghadiri, Mohammad Sholeh, Tahereh Navidifar, Leila Dadgar-Zankbar, Zahra Elahi, Alex van Belkum, Davood Darban-Sarokhalil","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00685-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-024-00685-4","url":null,"abstract":"Infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are clinically important due to its intrinsic resistance to a broad range of antibiotics. Therefore, selecting the most appropriate antibiotic to treat S. maltophilia infection is a major challenge. The current meta-analysis aimed to investigate the global prevalence of antibiotic resistance among S. maltophilia isolates to the develop more effective therapeutic strategies. A systematic literature search was performed using the appropriate search syntax after searching Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases (May 2023). Statistical analysis was performed using Pooled and the random effects model in R and the metafor package. A total of 11,438 articles were retrieved. After a thorough evaluation, 289 studies were finally eligible for inclusion in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Present analysis indicated that the highest incidences of resistance were associated with doripenem (97%), cefoxitin (96%), imipenem and cefuroxime (95%), ampicillin (94%), ceftriaxone (92%), aztreonam (91%) and meropenem (90%) which resistance to Carbapenems is intrinsic. The lowest resistance rates were documented for minocycline (3%), cefiderocol (4%). The global resistance rate to TMP-SMX remained constant in two periods before and after 2010 (14.4% vs. 14.6%). A significant increase in resistance to tigecycline and ceftolozane/tazobactam was observed before and after 2010. Minocycline and cefiderocol can be considered the preferred treatment options due to low resistance rates, although regional differences in resistance rates to other antibiotics should be considered. The low global prevalence of resistance to TMP-SMX as a first-line treatment for S. maltophilia suggests that it remains an effective treatment option.","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bigger problems from smaller colonies: emergence of antibiotic-tolerant small colony variants of Mycobacterium avium complex in MAC-pulmonary disease patients.","authors":"Hyun-Eui Park, Kyu-Min Kim, Minh Phuong Trinh, Jung-Wan Yoo, Sung Jae Shin, Min-Kyoung Shin","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00683-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00683-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a group of slow-growing mycobacteria that includes Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare. MAC pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) poses a threat to immunocompromised individuals and those with structural pulmonary diseases worldwide. The standard treatment regimen for MAC-PD includes a macrolide in combination with rifampicin and ethambutol. However, the treatment failure and disease recurrence rates after successful treatment remain high.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present study, we investigated the unique characteristics of small colony variants (SCVs) isolated from patients with MAC-PD. Furthermore, revertant (RVT) phenotype, emerged from the SCVs after prolonged incubation on 7H10 agar. We observed that SCVs exhibited slower growth rates than wild-type (WT) strains but had higher minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against multiple antibiotics. However, some antibiotics showed low MICs for the WT, SCVs, and RVT phenotypes. Additionally, the genotypes were identical among SCVs, WT, and RVT. Based on the MIC data, we conducted time-kill kinetic experiments using various antibiotic combinations. The response to antibiotics varied among the phenotypes, with RVT being the most susceptible, WT showing intermediate susceptibility, and SCVs displaying the lowest susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, the emergence of the SCVs phenotype represents a survival strategy adopted by MAC to adapt to hostile environments and persist during infection within the host. Additionally, combining the current drugs in the treatment regimen with additional drugs that promote the conversion of SCVs to RVT may offer a promising strategy to improve the clinical outcomes of patients with refractory MAC-PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10949641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140157438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and drug resistance of Nocardia in Henan, China, 2017-2023.","authors":"Yungang Han, Meijin Cheng, Zheng Li, Huihui Chen, Shuang Xia, Yue Zhao, Yali Wang, Wenyi He, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00677-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00677-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features of Nocardia infections, antibiotic resistance profile, choice of antibiotics and treatment outcome, among others. In addition, the study compared the clinical and microbiological characteristics of nocardiosis in bronchiectasis patients and non-bronchiectasis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Detailed clinical data were collected from the medical records of 71 non-duplicate nocardiosis patients from 2017 to 2023 at a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou, China. Nocardia isolates were identified to the species level using MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA PCR sequencing. Clinical data were collected from medical records, and drug susceptibility was determined using the broth microdilution method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 71 cases of nocardiosis, 70 (98.6%) were diagnosed as pulmonary infections with common underlying diseases including bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thirteen different strains were found in 71 isolates, the most common of which were N. farcinica (26.8%) and N. cyriacigeorgica (18.3%). All Nocardia strains were 100% susceptible to both TMP-SMX and linezolid, and different Nocardia species showed different patterns of drug susceptibility in vitro. Pulmonary nocardiosis is prone to comorbidities such as bronchiectasis, diabetes mellitus, COPD, etc., and Nocardia is also frequently accompanied by co-infection of the body with pathogens such as Mycobacterium and Aspergillus spp. Sixty-one patients underwent a detailed treatment regimen, of whom 32 (52.5%) received single or multi-drug therapy based on TMP-SMX. Bronchiectasis was associated with a higher frequency of Nocardia infections, and there were significant differences between the bronchiectasis and non-bronchiectasis groups in terms of age distribution, clinical characteristics, identification of Nocardia species, and antibiotic susceptibility (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study contributes to the understanding of the species diversity of Nocardia isolates in Henan, China, and the clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary nocardiosis infections. Clinical and microbiologic differences between patients with and without bronchiectasis. These findings will contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10919010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140048585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexistence of bla_IMP-4 and bla_SFO-1 in an IncHI5B plasmid harbored by tigecycline-non-susceptible Klebsiella variicola strain.","authors":"Hui Chen, Hao Xu, Ruishan Liu, Jian Shen, Beiwen Zheng, Lanjuan Li","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00680-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00680-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Klebsiella variicola is considered a newly emerging human pathogen. Clinical isolates of carbapenemase and broad-spectrum β-lactamase-producing K. variicola remain relatively uncommon. A strain of K. variicola 4253 was isolated from a clinical sample, and was identified to carry the bla_IMP-4 and bla_SFO-1 genes. This study aims to discern its antibiotic resistance phenotype and genomic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Species identification was conducted using MALDI-TOF/MS. PCR identification confirmed the presence of the bla_IMP-4 and bla_SFO-1 genes. Antibiotic resistance phenotype and genomic characteristics were detected by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing. Plasmid characterization was carried out through S1-PFGE, conjugation experiments, Southern blot, and comparative genomic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>K. variicola 4253 belonged to ST347, and demonstrated resistance to broad-spectrum β-lactamase drugs and tigecycline while being insensitive to imipenem and meropenem. The bla_IMP-4 and bla_SFO-1 genes harbored on the plasmid p4253-imp. The replicon type of p4253-imp was identified as IncHI5B, representing a multidrug-resistant plasmid capable of horizontal transfer and mediating the dissemination of drug resistance. The bla_IMP-4 gene was located on the In809-like integrative element (Intl1-bla_IMP-4-aacA4-catB3), which circulates in Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reports the presence of a strain of K. variicola, which is insensitive to tigecycline, carrying a plasmid harboring bla_IMP-4 and bla_SFO-1. It is highly likely that the strain acquired this plasmid through horizontal transfer. The bla_IMP-4 array (Intl1-bla_IMP-4-aacA4-catB3) is also mobile in Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae. So it is essential to enhance clinical awareness and conduct epidemiological surveillance on multidrug-resistant K. variicola, conjugative plasmids carrying bla_IMP-4, and the In809 integrative element.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10918965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140048586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanopore targeted sequencing-based diagnosis of central nervous system infections in HIV-infected patients.","authors":"Xihong Yang, Shuilian Zhou, Ziwei Chang, Xiaotong Xi, Jiahui Li, Mengjiao Miao, Yaling Chen, Wei Chen, Hongying Zhang, Ran Ding, Zhiliang Hu","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00682-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00682-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early and accurate etiological diagnosis is very important for improving the prognosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The goal is not easily achieved by conventional microbiological tests. We developed a nanopore targeted sequencing (NTS) platform and evaluated the diagnostic performance for CNS infections in HIV-infected patients, with special focus on cryptococcal meningitis (CM). We compared the CM diagnostic performance of NTS with conventional methods and cryptococcal polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 57 hospitalized HIV-infected patients with suspected CNS infections from September 2018 to March 2022. The diagnosis established during hospitalization includes 27 cases of CM, 13 CNS tuberculosis, 5 toxoplasma encephalitis, 2 cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis and 1 Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) encephalitis. The 2 cases of CMV encephalitis also have co-existing CM. Target-specific PCR amplification was used to enrich pathogen sequences before nanopore sequencing. NTS was performed on stored cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and the results were compared with the diagnosis during hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>53 (93.0%) of the patients were male. The median CD4 cell count was 25.0 (IQR: 14.0-63.0) cells/uL. The sensitivities of CSF culture, India ink staining, cryptococcal PCR and NTS for CM were 70.4% (95%CI: 51.5 - 84.1%), 76.0% (95%CI: 56.6 - 88.5%), 77.8% (59.2 - 89.4%) and 85.2% (95%CI: 67.5 - 94.1%), respectively. All those methods had 100% specificity for CM. Our NTS platform could identify Cryptococcus at species level. Moreover, NTS was also able to identify all the 5 cases of toxoplasma encephalitis, 2 cases of CMV encephalitis and 1 VZV encephalitis. However, only 1 of 13 CNS tuberculosis cases was diagnosed by NTS, and so did Xpert MTB/RIF assay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NTS has a good diagnostic performance for CM in HIV-infected patients and may have the ability of simultaneously detecting other pathogens, including mixed infections. With continuing improving of the NTS platform, it may be a promising alterative microbiological test for assisting with the diagnosis of CNS infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10905896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139995343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aetiology and use of antibiotics in pregnancy-related infections: results of the WHO Global Maternal Sepsis Study (GLOSS), 1-week inception cohort.","authors":"Carolina C Ribeiro-do-Valle, Mercedes Bonet, Vanessa Brizuela, Edgardo Abalos, Adama Baguiya, Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues, Mihaela Budianu, Lucian Puscasiu, Marian Knight, David Lissauer, Catherine Dunlop, Shevin T Jacob, Sadia Shakoor, Luis Gadama, Bouchra Assarag, João Paulo Souza, Jose G Cecatti","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00681-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00681-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy-related infections are important contributors to maternal sepsis and mortality. We aimed to describe clinical, microbiological characteristics and use of antibiotics by source of infection and country income, among hospitalized women with suspected or confirmed pregnancy-related infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from WHO Global Maternal Sepsis Study (GLOSS) on maternal infections in hospitalized women, in 52 low-middle- and high-income countries conducted between November 28th and December 4th, 2017, to describe the frequencies and medians of maternal demographic, obstetric, and clinical characteristics and outcomes, methods of infection diagnosis and causative pathogens, of single source pregnancy-related infection, other than breast, and initial use of therapeutic antibiotics. We included 1456 women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found infections of the genital (n = 745/1456, 51.2%) and the urinary tracts (UTI) (n = 531/1456, 36.5%) to be the most frequent. UTI (n = 339/531, 63.8%) and post-caesarean skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) (n = 99/180, 55.0%) were the sources with more culture samples taken and microbiological confirmations. Escherichia coli was the major uropathogen (n = 103/118, 87.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 21/44, 47.7%) was the commonest pathogen in SSTI. For 13.1% (n = 191) of women, antibiotics were not prescribed on the same day of infection suspicion. Cephalosporins (n = 283/531, 53.3%) were the commonest antibiotic class prescribed for UTI, while metronidazole (n = 303/925, 32.8%) was the most prescribed for all other sources. Ceftriaxone with metronidazole was the commonest combination for the genital tract (n = 98/745, 13.2%) and SSTI (n = 22/180, 12.2%). Metronidazole (n = 137/235, 58.3%) was the most prescribed antibiotic in low-income countries while cephalosporins and co-amoxiclav (n = 129/186, 69.4%) were more commonly prescribed in high-income countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Differences in antibiotics used across countries could be due to availability, local guidelines, prescribing culture, cost, and access to microbiology laboratory, despite having found similar sources and pathogens as previous studies. Better dissemination of recommendations in line with antimicrobial stewardship programmes might improve antibiotic prescription.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10894467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence determinants in uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Egyptian hospital.","authors":"Sara A Alshaikh, Tarek El-Banna, Fatma Sonbol, Mahmoud H Farghali","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00679-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00679-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main etiological agent behind community-acquired and hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are among the most prevalent human infections. The management of UPEC infections is becoming increasingly difficult owing to multi-drug resistance, biofilm formation, and the possession of an extensive virulence arsenal. This study aims to characterize UPEC isolates in Tanta, Egypt, with regard to their antimicrobial resistance, phylogenetic profile, biofilm formation, and virulence, as well as the potential associations among these factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred UPEC isolates were obtained from UTI patients in Tanta, Egypt. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) production was screened using the double disk synergy test and confirmed with PCR. Biofilm formation was evaluated using the microtiter-plate assay and microscopy-based techniques. The phylogenetic groups of the isolates were determined. The hemolytic activity, motility, siderophore production, and serum resistance of the isolates were also evaluated. The clonal relatedness of the isolates was assessed using ERIC-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Isolates displayed elevated resistance to cephalosporins (90-43%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (63%), and ciprofloxacin (53%). Ninety percent of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR)/ extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and 67% produced ESBLs. Notably, there was an inverse correlation between biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance, and 31%, 29%, 32%, and 8% of the isolates were strong, moderate, weak, and non-biofilm producers, respectively. Beta-hemolysis, motility, siderophore production, and serum resistance were detected in 64%, 84%, 65%, and 11% of the isolates, respectively. Siderophore production was correlated to resistance to multiple antibiotics, while hemolysis was more prevalent in susceptible isolates and associated with stronger biofilms. Phylogroups B2 and D predominated, with lower resistance and stronger biofilms in group B2. ERIC-PCR revealed considerable diversity among the isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research highlights the dissemination of resistance in UPEC in Tanta, Egypt. The evident correlation between biofilm and resistance suggests a resistance cost on bacterial cells; and that isolates with lower resistance may rely on biofilms to enhance their survival. This emphasizes the importance of considering biofilm formation ability during the treatment of UPEC infections to avoid therapeutic failure and/or infection recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10894499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiological characteristics of osteoarthritis-associated Brucella melitensis in China: evidence from whole-genome sequencing-based analysis.","authors":"Lei Zhu, Chi Zhang, Chen Liang, Li Peng, Huanyu Yan, Xiuwen Liang, Youjia Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00671-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00671-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brucellosis, developing complications including arthritis, spondylitis, sacroiliitis, and osteomyelitis, is one of the most common zoonotic diseases in the current world which causes economic losses to the livestock industry and is a great public health concern. Brucella melitensis are the main pathogen of brucellosis epidemics in China, most of which are located in northern China. However, there is limited knowledge about the epidemiology of osteoarthritis-associated brucellosis. This study was aimed to reveal the prevalence of osteoarthritis-associated brucellosis in Inner Mongolia and also to investigate the molecular characteristics of B. melitensis isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In 2018, the osteoarthritis symptoms of brucellosis in the Brucellosis department of a hospital in Inner Mongolia were investigated. Twenty osteoarthritis-associated B. melitensis strains, isolated from the inpatients in Inner Mongolia during 2013-2017, were subjected to whole genome sequencing. The multilocus sequence type (MLST) and core genome SNP (cgSNP) analysis were conducted to detect molecular epidemiological characteristics. The incidence of brucellosis osteoarthritis symptoms in males (85/120, 70.8%) was significantly higher than that in females (35/120, 29.2%), and the age of patients was concentrated between 41 and 60 years old. In silico analyses indicated ST8 was the prevalent sequence type and the transmission of osteoarthritis-associated B. melitensis among different geographical areas. All strains carry virulence genes, including cgs, lpsA, manCoAg, pgm, pmm, virB4, wbdA and wboA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed the close epidemiologically connection of osteoarthritis-associated B. melitensis strains in northern China. And ST8 was the prevalent sequence type which need our attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10893595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of resistance genes and replicon typing in Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.","authors":"Esin Karaman, Ayşegül Çopur Çiçek, Vicdan Şemen, Fatih Şaban Beriş","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00672-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00672-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In our study, K. pneumoniae strains (non-susceptible to carbapenem) (n = 60) were obtained from various clinical samples from Rize State Hospital between 2015 and 2017 and it is aimed to identify antibiotic resistance genes and replicon typing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Antibiotic susceptibility tests of the strains were performed with Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test and the Vitek-2 automated system (BioMerieux, France). Antibiotic resistance genes and replicon typing was characterized by PCR method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was determined that K. pneumaniae isolates were mostly isolated from the samples of the intensive care unit. All of the K. pneumoniae strains examined in this study were found to be ampicillin/sulbactam and ertapenem resistant but colistin susceptible. Amoxacillin/clavulonic acid resistance was detected at 98.14% of strains. The bla_OXA-48 gene was mostly detected in isolates. The most common type of plasmid was I1 and 3 different plasmid types were found in five different strains together.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study also shows that the distribution of NDM-1 and OXA-48 carbapenemases has increased since the first co-display in Türkiye and that IncHI1 is the first record in our country. This study provides an overview of the major plasmid families occurring in multiple antibiotic-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae. To our knowledge, this study represents the first report of IncHI1 record in Türkiye.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10893597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139943795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterization, in vitro, and preclinical evaluation of two microencapsulated lytic phages VB_ST_E15 and VB_ST_SPNIS2 against clinical multidrug-resistant Salmonella serovars.","authors":"Reem A Youssef, Masarra M Sakr, Rania I Shebl, Bishoy T Saad, Khaled M Aboshanab","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00678-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00678-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salmonella infections continue to be one of the essential public health issues threatening millions of people. With the increasing occurrence of resistance against conventionally used antibiotics, the search for alternatives has become crucial. In this study, we aimed to isolate, characterize, and evaluate two lytic bacteriophages against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serovars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Screening for the phage lytic activity was performed using a spot test. Characterization of the isolated phages was done by determining the host range, longevity test, and the effect of temperature, pH, organic solvents, and morphological characterization using a transmission electron microscope. Genomic analysis was performed using Oxford nanopore sequencing. The lytic activities of the free phage lysates and formulated phage as microencapsulated were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two phages (VB_ST_E15 and VB_ST_SPNIS2) were successfully isolated and showed lytic strong activities against MDR Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium ATCC 14,028, S. Paratyphi A, and S. Typhi. The two phages survived at the tested temperatures, maintained their infectivity for 90 days, and retained their activity until 60 °C with thermal inactivation at 65 °C. They were lytic at a pH range from 3 to 11 but lost their activities at extremely acidic or alkaline pH. The phages could withstand the organic solvents but were completely inactivated by 100% ethanol. Both phages were classified under the order Caudoviricetes, and Genus: Uetakevirus. Their genomic sequences were assembled, annotated, and submitted to the NCBI GenBank database (OR757455 and OR757456). The preclinical evaluation using the murine animal model revealed that the two-phage cocktail managed MDR Salmonella infection as evidenced by the reduction in the bacterial burden, increased animal weight, and histopathological examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The two encapsulated phage formulas could be considered promising candidates for the management of MDR Salmonella-associated infections and clinical analysis should be undertaken to evaluate their potential use in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10870556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}