Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials最新文献

{"title":"Severe necrotizing tracheobronchitis caused by influenza B and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus co-infection in an immunocompetent patient.","authors":"Shu Wang, Jianhua Yang, Wenwu Sun, Yang Tao","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00715-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00715-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose and method: </strong>Necrotizing tracheobronchitis is a rare clinical entity presented as a necrotic inflammation involving the mainstem trachea and distal bronchi. We reported a case of severe necrotizing tracheobronchitis caused by influenza B and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) co-infection in an immunocompetent patient.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We described a 36-year-old man with initial symptoms of cough, rigors, muscle soreness and fever. His status rapidly deteriorated two days later and he was intubated. Bronchoscopy demonstrated severe necrotizing tracheobronchitis, and CT imaging demonstrated multiple patchy and cavitation formation in both lungs. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) culture supported the co-infection of influenza B and MRSA. We also found T lymphocyte and NK lymphocyte functions were extremely suppressed during illness exacerbation. The patient was treated with antivirals and antibiotics including vancomycin. Subsequent bronchoscopy and CT scans revealed significant improvement of the airway and pulmonary lesions, and the lymphocyte functions were restored. Finally, this patient was discharged successfully.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Necrotizing tracheobronchitis should be suspected in patients with rapid deterioration after influenza B infection. The timely diagnosis of co-infection and accurate antibiotics are important to effective treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11184759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial metagenomic shifts in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia during induction therapy and predictive biomarkers for infection.","authors":"Huidi Wang, Yajie Zhang, Qianyi Zhou, Lihua Yu, Jingxiang Fu, Danna Lin, Lulu Huang, Xiaorong Lai, Li Wu, Jingxin Zhang, Juan Zi, Xu Liao, Siying Huang, Yugu Xie, Yan He, Lihua Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00717-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00717-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence has indicated a link between the gut microbiota and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). However, the acute changes in gut microbiota during chemotherapy and the predictive value of baseline gut microbiota in infectious complication remain largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Faecal samples (n = 126) from children with ALL (n = 49) undergoing induction chemotherapy were collected at three timepoints, i.e., initiation of chemotherapy (baseline, T0), 7 days (T1) and 33 days (T2) after initiation of chemotherapy. Gut microbiome profile was performed via metagenomic shotgun sequencing. The bioBakery3 pipeline (Kneaddata, Metaphlan 3 and HUMAnN) was performed to assign taxonomy and functional annotations. Gut microbiome at T0 were used to predict infection during chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microbial diversities and composition changed significantly during chemotherapy, with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bifidobacterium longum being the most prominent species. The microbial metabolic pathways were also significantly altered during chemotherapy, including the pathway of pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate, and assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) models based on Bifidobacterium longum at T0 could predict infectious complications during the first month of chemotherapy with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.720.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides new insights into the acute changes in microbial and functional characteristics in children with ALL during chemotherapy. The baseline gut microbiota could be potential biomarkers for infections during chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University (2021-KY-171-01) and registered on http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200065406, Registration Date: November 4, 2022).</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11180392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanopore sequencing for smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis-a multicentre prospective study in China.","authors":"Xiaojing Yan, Guoli Yang, Yunfei Wang, Yuqing Wang, Jie Cheng, Peisong Xu, Xiaoli Qiu, Lei Su, Lina Liu, Ruixue Geng, Yingxia You, Hui Liu, Naihui Chu, Li Ma, Wenjuan Nie","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00714-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00714-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this prospective study, the diagnosis accuracy of nanopore sequencing-based Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) detection was determined through examining bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) -suspected patients. Compared the diagnostic performance of nanopore sequencing, mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) culture and Xpert MTB/rifampin resistance (MTB/RIF) assays.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Specimens collected from suspected PTB cases across China from September 2021 to April 2022 were tested then assay diagnostic accuracy rates were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 111 suspected PTB cases that were ultimately diagnosed as PTB, the diagnostic rate of nanopore sequencing was statistically significant different from other assays (P < 0.05). Fleiss' kappa values of 0.219 and 0.303 indicated fair consistency levels between MTB detection results obtained using nanopore sequencing versus other assays, respectively. Respective PTB diagnostic sensitivity rates of MGIT culture, Xpert MTB/RIF and nanopore sequencing of 36.11%, 40.28% and 83.33% indicated superior sensitivity of nanopore sequencing. Analysis of area under the curve (AUC), Youden's index and accuracy values and the negative predictive value (NPV) indicated superior MTB detection performance for nanopore sequencing (with Xpert MTB/RIF ranking second), while the PTB diagnostic accuracy rate of nanopore sequencing exceeded corresponding rates of the other methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In comparison with MGIT culture and Xpert MTB/RIF assays, BALF's nanopore sequencing provided superior MTB detection sensitivity and thus is suitable for testing of sputum-scarce suspected PTB cases. However, negative results obtained using these assays should be confirmed based on additional evidence before ruling out a PTB diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11179381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In search of the best method to detect carriage of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in humans: a systematic review.","authors":"Selvi N Shahab, Anneloes van Veen, Andrea C Büchler, Yulia R Saharman, Anis Karuniawati, Margreet C Vos, Anne F Voor In 't Holt, Juliëtte A Severin","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00707-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00707-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Detection of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PA) in humans is important to prevent transmission. However, the most optimal culture method to detect CR-PA is unknown. This systematic review aims to determine which culture method is most sensitive and which culture methods are used to detect CR-PA in humans. Second, to establish the most feasible culture method taking into account the turnaround time (TAT), and third, to provide an overview of the sampling sites used to detect carriage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched the electronic databases Embase, Medline Ovid, Cochrane, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science until January 27, 2023. All diagnostic accuracy studies comparing two or more culture methods to detect CR-PA and recent outbreak or surveillance reports on CR-PA carriage or infection in humans, which describe culture methods and their results, were eligible for inclusion. We used QUADAS-2 guideline for diagnostic accuracy studies and the STROBE or ORION guideline for outbreak-surveillance studies to assess the risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six diagnostic accuracy studies were included. An enrichment broth was found to increase the detection of CR-PA. Using an enrichment broth extended the TAT by 18-24 h, yet selective media could reduce the TAT by 24 h compared to routine media. In total, 124 outbreak-surveillance studies were included, of which 17 studies with surveillance samples and 116 studies with clinical samples. In outbreak-surveillance studies with surveillance samples, perianal, rectal swabs or stools were the most common sampling site/specimen (13/17, 76%). A large variety was observed in whether and which kind of enrichment broth and selective media were used.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found a benefit of using an enrichment step prior to inoculation of the material onto selective media for the detection of CR-PA. More research is needed to determine the most sensitive sampling site and culture method.</p><p><strong>Trail registration: </strong>This study was registered in the PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (registration number: CRD42020207390, http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42020207390 ).</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141299882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic endometritis and the endometrial microbiota: implications for reproductive success in patients with recurrent implantation failure.","authors":"Hong Zhang, Heng Zou, Chanyu Zhang, Shen Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00710-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00710-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic endometritis (CE) is associated with poor reproductive outcomes, yet the role of endometrial microbiota in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and CE remains unclear. This study aims to characterize endometrial microbiota in RIF patients with CE and assess its implications for reproductive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, we enrolled RIF patients both with and without CE. Endometrial and cervical samples were collected for 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbiota composition was compared between groups using diversity indices, phylum, and genus-level analysis. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to assess relationships between CE, reproductive outcomes, and microbiota. Predictive functional profiling was performed to evaluate metabolic pathways associated with CE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Endometrial microbiota in CE patients exhibited greater diversity and evenness compared to non-CE patients. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) revealed distinct clustering between CE and non-CE groups. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identified Proteobacteria, Aminicenantales, and Chloroflexaceae as characteristic of CE, while Lactobacillus, Acinetobacter, Herbaspirillum, Ralstonia, Shewanela, and Micrococcaceae were associated with non-CE. CCA demonstrated associations between CE, adverse reproductive outcomes, and specific bacterial taxa. Microbial metabolic pathways significantly differed between CE and non-CE groups, with enrichment in pathways related to cofactors, vitamins, secondary metabolites, and the immune system in CE patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RIF patients with CE exhibit distinct endometrial microbiota compositions associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. The increased microbial diversity and altered metabolic pathways in CE suggest a potential correlation with reproductive outcomes, although further studies are necessary to elucidate the causal relationship between microbiota alterations and fertility. Modulating the endometrial microbiome may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to improve IVF outcomes in patients with CE.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11140900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141178689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential antivirulence activity of sub-inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin against Proteus mirabilis isolates: an in-vitro and in-vivo study.","authors":"Mohamed A Elhosseini, Tarek E El-Banna, Fatma I Sonbol, Maisra M El-Bouseary","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00704-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00704-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proteus mirabilis is a significant nosocomial pathogen that is frequently associated with a wide range of infections, necessitating heightened attention to mitigate potential health risks. Hence, this study was performed to investigate the impact of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciprofloxacin (CIP) on Proteus mirabilis clinical isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sub-MICs of CIP were selected using the growth curve approach. The untreated and treated isolates with sub-MICs of CIP were assessed for their biofilm development, motilities on agar, and other virulence factors. The cell morphology of untreated and treated isolates with sub-MIC of CIP was explored using electron microscope. Moreover, the expression levels of the virulence genes in isolates were measured using quantitative real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data revealed that sub-MICs of CIP significantly (p < 0.05), in a concentration-dependent manner, inhibited biofilm formation and other virulence factors in the selected isolates. Electron microscope analysis showed cell enlargement and various abnormalities in the cell wall and membrane integrity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sub-MICs of CIP exhibited inhibition of virulence and alterations in morphological integrity against P. mirabilis isolates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11131287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of testing methods assessing the in vitro efficacy of the combination of aztreonam with avibactam on multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli","authors":"Corentin Deckers, Florian Bélik, Olivier Denis, Pierre Bogaerts, Isabel Montesinos, Catherine Berhin, Warda Bouchahrouf, Martin Hoebeke, Stephanie Evrard, Nicolas Gilliard, Merve Okur, Te-Din Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00708-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-024-00708-0","url":null,"abstract":"Aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) combination shows promising effectiveness on most carbapenemase-producing Gram-negatives, yet standardized antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) methods for evaluating the combination in clinical laboratories is lacking. We aimed to evaluate different ATM-AVI AST approaches. 96 characterized carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates belonging to 9 Enterobacterales (EB; n = 80) and P. aeruginosa (PA; n = 16) species, including 90 carbapenemase producers and 72 strains resistant to both CAZ-AVI and ATM, were tested. Paper disk elution (DE; Bio-Rad) and E-test gradient strips stacking (SS; bioMérieux) were performed for the ATM + CAZ-AVI combination. MIC Test Strip (MTS; Liofilchem) was evaluated for ATM-AVI MIC determination. Results were interpreted applying ATM clinical breakpoints of the EUCAST guidelines and compared to the broth microdilution method (Sensititre, Thermofisher). According to broth microdilution method, 93% of EB and 69% of PA were tested susceptible to ATM-AVI. The synergistic effect of ATM-AVI was of 95% for EB, but of only 17% for PA. The MTS method yielded higher categorical and essential agreement (CA/EA) rates for both EB (89%/91%) and PA (94%/94%) compared to SS, where the rates were 87%/83% for EB and 81%/81% for PA. MTS and SS yielded 2 and 3 major discrepancies, respectively, while 3 very major discrepancies each were observed for both methods. Concerning the DE method, CA reached 91% for EB and 81% for PA, but high number of very major discrepancies were observed for EB (n = 6; 8%) and for PA (n = 3; 19%). The ATM-AVI association displayed excellent in vitro activity against highly resistant clinical Enterobacterales strains. MTS method offers accurate ATM-AVI AST results, while the SS method might serve as better alternative then DE method in assessing the efficacy of ATM + CAZ-AVI combination. However, further investigation is needed to confirm the methods' ability to detect ATM-AVI resistance.","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141152276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of extensive drug resistance and high prevalence of multidrug resistance among clinical Proteus mirabilis isolates in Egypt.","authors":"Maggi ElTaweel, Heba Shehta Said, Rasha Barwa","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00705-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00705-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen that has been held responsible for numerous nosocomial and community-acquired infections which are difficult to be controlled because of its diverse antimicrobial resistance mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of P. mirabilis isolates collected from different clinical sources in Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt was determined. Moreover, the underlying resistance mechanisms and genetic relatedness between isolates were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Antimicrobial susceptibility testing indicated elevated levels of resistance to different classes of antimicrobials among the tested P. mirabilis clinical isolates (n = 66). ERIC-PCR showed great diversity among the tested isolates. Six isolates (9.1%) were XDR while all the remaining isolates were MDR. ESBLs and AmpCs were detected in 57.6% and 21.2% of the isolates, respectively, where bla_TEM, bla_SHV, bla_CTX-M, bla_CIT-M and bla_AmpC were detected. Carbapenemases and MBLs were detected in 10.6 and 9.1% of the isolates, respectively, where bla_OXA-48 and bla_NDM-1 genes were detected. Quinolone resistant isolates (75.8%) harbored acc(6')-Ib-cr, qnrD, qnrA, and qnrS genes. Resistance to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol exceeded 80%. Fosfomycin was the most active drug against the tested isolates as only 22.7% were resistant. Class I or II integrons were detected in 86.4% of the isolates. Among class I integron positive isolates, four different gene cassette arrays (dfrA17- aadA5, aadB-aadA2, aadA2-lnuF, and dfrA14-arr-3-bla_OXA-10-aadA15) and two gene cassettes (dfrA7 and aadA1) were detected. While class II integron positive isolates carried four different gene cassette arrays (dfrA1-sat1-aadA1, estXVr-sat2-aadA1, lnuF- dfrA1-aadA1, and dfrA1-sat2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>P. Mirabilis ability to acquire resistance determinants via integrons may be held responsible for the elevated rates of antimicrobial resistance and emergence of XDR or even PDR strains limiting the available therapeutic options for management of infections caused by those strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11127457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141092462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of antimicrobial resistance and population structure of gastroenteritis-related Aeromonas isolates.","authors":"Dana Sagas, Yizhak Hershko, Katia Levitskyi, Merav Strauss, Matan Slutzkin, Bibiana Chazan, Amos Adler","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00706-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12941-024-00706-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The population structure and the correlation between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes and genotypes in Aeromonas species isolated from patients with gastroenteritis are not well understood. The aims of the study were to: (1) investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Aeromonas species isolated from patients with gastroenteritis; (2) explore the relationship between AMR genes and resistance phenotypes; and (3) describe the population structure of these isolates and provide evidence of transmission events among them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This microbiological survey was performed at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Emek Medical Center in Afula, Israel. Cultivation of Aeromonas was attempted from stool samples that tested positive by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Sensititre GN3F microdilution panel. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was done using the Illumina NextSeq500/550 system. Phylogenetic studies involved multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and core genome (cg) MLST. Resistance mechanisms were identified using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database and compared with the AST results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 67 patient-unique isolates. The species that were identified included A. caviae (n = 58), A. dhakensis (n = 3), A. media (n = 2), A. veronii (n = 2) and A. hydrophila (n = 2). Isolates were almost uniformly susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and meropenem. All isolates with the exception of 1-2 isolates were resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin and ampicillin-sulbactam which was compatible with the presence of the bla_OXA genes. Variable resistance rates were observed to cefuroxime, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam that were not correlated with the presence of other β-lactamase genes. Resistance to tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole correlated with the presence of tetA and sul1, respectively. The population structure of A. caviae was highly diverse with the minority of the isolates (16/57) clustering into six defined sequence types. A cgMLST-based distance of four genes was found in one pair of isolates, suggesting common source transmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A. caviae is the dominant species related to gastroenteritis and is characterized by a diverse population structure, with almost no evidence for common-source transmission. Resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents were low and partially matched with the presence of resistance genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11119697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-function antimicrobial-antibiofilm peptide hybrid to tackle biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis.","authors":"Mathira Wongchai, Saharut Wongkaewkhiaw, Sakawrat Kanthawong, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Ratchaneewan Aunpad","doi":"10.1186/s12941-024-00701-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-024-00701-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Due to their resistance and difficulty in treatment, biofilm-associated infections are problematic among hospitalized patients globally and account for 60% of all bacterial infections in humans. Antibiofilm peptides have recently emerged as an alternative treatment since they can be effectively designed and exert a different mode of biofilm inhibition and eradication.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A novel antibiofilm peptide, BiF, was designed from the conserved sequence of 18 α-helical antibiofilm peptides by template-assisted technique and its activity was improved by hybridization with a lipid binding motif (KILRR). Novel antibiofilm peptide derivatives were modified by substituting hydrophobic amino acids at positions 5 or 7, and both, with positively charged lysines (L5K, L7K). These peptide derivatives were tested for antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities against biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis and multiple other microbes using crystal violet and broth microdilution assays, respectively. To assess their impact on mammalian cells, the toxicity of peptides was determined through hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays. The stability of candidate peptide, BiF2_5K7K, was assessed in human serum and its secondary structure in bacterial membrane-like environments was analyzed using circular dichroism. The action of BiF2_5K7K on planktonic S. epidermidis and its effect on biofilm cell viability were assessed via viable counting assays. Its biofilm inhibition mechanism was investigated through confocal laser scanning microscopy and transcription analysis. Additionally, its ability to eradicate mature biofilms was examined using colony counting. Finally, a preliminary evaluation involved coating a catheter with BiF2_5K7K to assess its preventive efficacy against S. epidermidis biofilm formation on the catheter and its surrounding area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;BiF2_5K7K, the modified antibiofilm peptide, exhibited dose-dependent antibiofilm activity against S. epidermidis. It inhibited biofilm formation at subinhibitory concentrations by altering S. epidermidis extracellular polysaccharide production and quorum-sensing gene expression. Additionally, it exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and no significant hemolysis or toxicity against mammalian cell lines was observed. Its activity is retained when exposed to human serum. In bacterial membrane-like environments, this peptide formed an α-helix amphipathic structure. Within 4 h, a reduction in the number of S. epidermidis colonies was observed, demonstrating the fast action of this peptide. As a preliminary test, a BiF2_5K7K-coated catheter was able to prevent the development of S. epidermidis biofilm both on the catheter surface and in its surrounding area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Due to the safety and effectiveness of BiF2_5K7K, we suggest that this peptide be further developed to combat biofilm infections, particularly those ","PeriodicalId":8052,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials","volume":"23 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11100219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140955914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}