Transport in Porous Media最新文献

{"title":"Phase-Field Simulation of Counter-Current Imbibition and Factors Influencing Recovery Efficiency","authors":"Liu Yang,&nbsp;Mingjun Li,&nbsp;Haitao Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Liu,&nbsp;Zhengyan Zhang,&nbsp;Fei Gong,&nbsp;Suling Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02134-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02134-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Counter-current imbibition can improve the recovery efficiency of complex fractured reservoirs, but there are few studies on the pore-scale mechanism and the factors affecting the recovery efficiency. This paper attempts to track the microscopic oil–water imbibition process through phase field method simulation, revealing the distribution characteristics of oil and water phases at different stages, as well as the sudden change characteristics of pressure and velocity at the instant of oil film rupture. Then, the influence of fracture aperture, capillary number and viscosity ratio on oil recovery efficiency is discussed. Results indicate that the microscopic imbibition process can be divided into 4 stages: the oil film forms after oil–water contact, then the oil film ruptures to form oil droplets, then the oil–water line moves outward from the large pore, and finally the oil droplets gather to discharge from the fracture. It is also found that there will be sudden changes at the moment of oil film rupture, the pressure drops sharply and the velocity increases sharply. Moreover, there exists a critical fracture aperture which is approximately 10 times the average pore size, and if the fracture is smaller than the critical fracture aperture, a dead oil zone occurs, which affects recovery. Additionally, Log<i>M</i>-LogCa stability diagram is constructed which is mainly dominated by viscous forces, capillary forces. As the capillary number increases, the recovery efficiency shows an overall decreasing trend. When the viscosity ratio was greater than 10, there was no significant change in the recovery efficiency, influenced by the weakening of the dominant role of viscous forces. New findings are beneficial to enhancing the recovery efficiency of low permeability reservoirs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 15","pages":"2727 - 2743"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Different Throat Concepts for Precipitation Processes in Saturated Pore-Network Models","authors":"Theresa Schollenberger,&nbsp;Lars von Wolff,&nbsp;Carina Bringedal,&nbsp;Iuliu Sorin Pop,&nbsp;Christian Rohde,&nbsp;Rainer Helmig","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02125-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02125-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of reliable mathematical models and numerical discretization methods is important for the understanding of salt precipitation in porous media, which is relevant for environmental problems like soil salinization. Models on the pore scale are necessary to represent local heterogeneities in precipitation and to include the influence of solution-air-solid interfaces. A pore-network model for saturated flow, which includes the precipitation reaction of salt, is presented. It is implemented in the open-source simulator DuMu<span>(^{textrm{X}})</span>. In this paper, we restrict ourselves to one-phase flow as a first step. Since the throat transmissibilities determine the flow behaviour in the pore network, different concepts for the decreasing throat transmissibility due to precipitation are investigated. We consider four concepts for the amount of precipitation in the throats. Three concepts use information from the adjacent pore bodies, and one employs a pore-throat model obtained by averaging the resolved pore-scale model in a thin-tube. They lead to different permeability developments, which are caused by the different distribution of the precipitate between the pore bodies and throats. We additionally apply two different concepts for the calculation of the transmissibility. One obtains the precipitate distribution from analytical assumptions, the other from a geometric minimization principle using a phase-field evolution equation. The two concepts do not show substantial differences for the permeability development as long as simple pore-throat geometries are used. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of the concepts are discussed in the context of the considered physical problem and a reasonable effort for the implementation and computational costs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 14","pages":"2647 - 2692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02125-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Random Walk Modeling of Conductive Heat Transport in Discontinuous Media","authors":"Elisa Baioni,&nbsp;Antoine Lejay,&nbsp;Géraldine Pichot,&nbsp;Giovanni Michele Porta","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02132-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02132-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider heat transport within a discontinuous domain by relying on the modeling approach proposed by Baioni et al. Such approach has been specifically designed to address diffusive processes in media with discontinuous physical properties and generalized boundary conditions at the discontinuities. Three algorithms are here applied to estimate the conductive heat transport in a bimaterial medium. The algorithms undergo testing using two test cases that share the same computational domain but differ in terms of their initial conditions. According to the numerical results all the algorithms ensure the conservation of thermal energy and preserve thermal equilibrium under steady state conditions. The Generalized Uffink Method (GUM) and Generalized HYMLA demonstrate sensitivity to the choice of the time step, whereas the Generalized Skew Brownian Motion appears to be unaffected by the value of <span>(Delta t)</span>. The GUM algorithm presents an optimal trade-off between accuracy and computational time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 14","pages":"2625 - 2645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02132-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Analytical Solutions of the Reactive Transport Equation for Underground Methanation Reactors","authors":"Birger Hagemann,&nbsp;Sebastian Hogeweg,&nbsp;Gion Strobel","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02129-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02129-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluctuations in the production of renewable-based electricity have to be compensated by converting and storing the energy for later use. Underground methanation reactors (UMR) are a promising technology to address this issue. The idea is to create a controlled bio-reactor system in a porous underground formation, where hydrogen obtained from renewable energy sources by electrolysis and carbon dioxide from industrial sources are fed into the reactor and converted into methane. Microorganisms, known as methanogenic archaea, catalyze the chemical reaction by using the two non-organic substrates as nutrients for their growth and for their respiratory metabolism. The generated synthetic methane is renewable and capable to compete with the fossil methane. Mathematical models play an important role in the design and planning of such systems. Usually, a numerical solution of the model is required since complex initial-boundary problems cannot be solved analytically. In this paper, an existing bio-reactive transport model for UMR is simplified to such an extent that an analytical solution of the advection-dispersion-reaction equation can be applied. A second analytical solution is used for the case without dispersion. The analytical solutions are shown for both the educt (hydrogen) and the reaction product (methane). In order to examine the applicability of the analytical models, they are compared with the significantly more complex numerical model for a 1D case and a 3D case. It was shown that there is an acceptable agreement between the two analytical solutions and the numerical solution in different spatial plots of hydrogen and methane concentration and in the methane concentration in the withdrawn gas. The mean absolute error in the mole fraction is well below 0.015 in most cases. The spatial distribution of the hydrogen concentration in the comparison to the 3D case shows a higher deviation with a mean absolute error of approx. 0.023. As expected, the model with dispersion shows a slightly lower error in all cases, as only here the gas mixing resulting in smeared displacement fronts can be represented. It is shown that analytical modeling is a good tool to get a first estimation of the behavior of an UMR. It allows to help in the design of well spacing in combination with the injection rate and injected gas composition. Nevertheless, it is recommended to use more complex models for the later detailed analysis, which require a numerical solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 14","pages":"2601 - 2623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02129-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Analysis of Comparative Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of sCO2 and H2O as Heat-Exchange Fluids in Enhanced Geothermal Systems","authors":"Jerome Sfeir,&nbsp;George Moridis,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Briaud","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02131-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02131-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 14","pages":"2725 - 2725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore-to-Core Upscaling of Two-Phase Flow in Mixed-Wet Porous Media: Part II-A Dynamic Pore-Network Modeling Approach","authors":"Mohammad Sedghi,&nbsp;Yanbin Gong,&nbsp;Bradley McCaskill,&nbsp;Shixun Bai,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Mohammad Piri,&nbsp;Shehadeh Masalmeh","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02127-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02127-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a new, computationally efficient, and massively parallelized pore-network modeling (PNM) platform, referred to as the loosely-coupled dynamic PNM (LCD-PNM). To the best of our knowledge, this study introduces the first dynamic PNM framework that is capable of performing physics-based pore-scale simulations of two-phase flow processes in large-scale disordered pore networks under a wide range of fluid properties, wettability scenarios, and flow conditions. To validate the LCD-PNM platform, we perform primary drainage and waterflooding simulations under both water-wet and mixed-wet conditions on equivalent pore networks of Berea and Bentheimer sandstone miniature core plugs. We then compare the oil and water relative permeability and oil recovery curves predicted under steady-and unsteady-state simulations against their experimental counterparts. The pore networks have been extracted in a seamless and deterministic manner from micro-CT images of the entire core sample. For comparison, we also present the relative permeability predictions obtained from quasi-static PNM simulations to highlight the improvements we observe in the LCD-PNM results, such as more accurate predictions of oil breakthrough and relative permeability curves during the primary drainage processes. In our analysis, we find the dynamic simulation results to be in close agreement with experimental data. Additionally, we employ the LCD-PNM to investigate the effects of wettability and flow conditions on oil and water relative permeabilities and remaining oil saturation. To this end, we investigate different displacement flow regimes including viscous fingering, capillary fingering, and stable front displacement by adjusting injection flow rate and fluid viscosity ratio. The simulation results provide invaluable insights into the complex interplay between the viscous and capillary forces that controls pore-scale displacements and ultimately influences the macroscopic behavior of two-phase flow processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 13","pages":"2561 - 2600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore-to-Core Upscaling of Two-Phase Flow in Mixed-Wet Porous Media: Part I—Seamless Pore-Network Extraction","authors":"Bradley McCaskill,&nbsp;Yanbin Gong,&nbsp;Ziqiang Qin,&nbsp;Mohammad Sedghi,&nbsp;Mohammad Piri,&nbsp;Shehadeh Masalmeh","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02126-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02126-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a novel and efficient pore-network extraction (PNE) platform that utilizes a seamless merging algorithm to extract core-sized pore networks directly from high-resolution segmented micro-computed tomography images of rock samples. This platform has the distinct advantage of being parallel friendly, allowing the entire computational workload of the extraction process to be distributed across multiple compute nodes. The superior computational efficiency of this approach paves the way for the extraction of deterministic pore networks with physical dimensions that are comparable to those of core samples employed in conventional core-flooding experiments. Sensitivity analysis studies are performed on digital replicates of Berea and Bentheimer sandstone rock samples. To illustrate the role of a user-defined adjustment coefficient on the extraction process, a set of conventional-sized pore networks are extracted and analyzed for both rock samples. To ascertain the quality of these pore networks, comparisons are made with equivalent pore networks extracted using a well-characterized open-source pore-network extractor. After rigorous examination of these conventional-sized pore networks, the validated PNE platform is applied to extract miniature-core-sized pore networks, and their relevant statistics and petrophysical properties are presented. In addition, these networks are extensively utilized in both quasi-static and dynamic pore-network modeling (PNM) simulations of two-phase flow processes. The predicted two-phase flow properties of the rock samples are benchmarked against the corresponding experimental data and the results are presented in both the current and the second volume of this work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 13","pages":"2529 - 2560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142180240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Comparative Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of sCO2 and H2O as Heat-Exchange Fluids in Enhanced Geothermal Systems","authors":"Jerome Sfeir,&nbsp;George Moridis,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Briaud","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02128-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02128-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The relative performance of H₂O and sCO₂ as geothermal working fluids (GWFs) in liquid-dominated enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) was investigated in this study. Such systems rely on the injection of GWFs (geothermal working fluids) to sustain geothermal energy recovery, which is dominated by conduction-based heat exchange from the rock to the GWF in the hydraulic fracture. H₂O is currently the only GWF considered for EGS operations, but supercritical CO₂ has been proposed as a potential GWF because of its lower density and viscosity, which lead to the hypothesis of potentially significant thermal energy recovery. However, H₂O appears to have an initial advantage because of its significantly higher thermal conductivity. We compared the performance of H₂O and SCO₂ as GWFs in a 3D stencil (minimum repeatable element) of an EGS involving a hydraulic fracture connecting the injection and the production wells, the main body of the EGS rock that provides the heat source, and boundaries that are sufficiently distant from the main body of the main body of the rock to maintain constant pressure and temperature conditions over a 30-year period of EGS operations In our studies we considered variations in the initial reservoir temperature, in the injection method (at a constant-rate and at a constant bottomhole pressure) and in the reservoir permeability, in an effort (a) not only to compare the EGS performance of H₂O and sCO₂ as GWFs but also (b) to determine the conditions (if any) under which sCO₂ can be more effective than H₂O. The results of the study indicated the overwhelming superiority of H₂O as a GWF under any and all of the conditions covered by the study, producing fluids at dependably much higher temperatures and yielding invariably drastically higher energy recovery than sCO₂ despite the consistently higher GWF injection and production rates attained with sCO₂.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 14","pages":"2693 - 2723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142180250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MHD Mixed Convection Flow Over a Permeable Vertical Flat Plate Embedded in a Darcy–Forchheimer Porous Medium","authors":"John H. Merkin,&nbsp;Natalia C. Roșca,&nbsp;Alin V. Roșca,&nbsp;Ioan Pop","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02124-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02124-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this paper is to describe the stead MHD mixed convection flow over a permeable vertical flat plate embedded in a Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium. Using appropriate similarity variables, the partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary (similar) differential equations, which are numerically solved using the bvp4c function in MATLAB. The numerical results are used to present graphically and in tables, illustrations of the reduced skin friction, reduced Nusselt number, velocity, and temperature profiles. Dual (upper and lower branch) solutions are discovered in this exciting analysis. Although numerous studies on the mixed convection past a vertical plate embedded in a fluid-saturated porous medium exist, none of the researchers have focused on the Darcy–Forchheimer flow with asymptotic solutions. The behavior of the flow and heat transfer has been thoroughly analyzed with the variations in governing parameters, such as Darcy–Forchheimer <span>(G,)</span> suction/injection <span>(S)</span>, MHD <span>(M,)</span> and mixed convection <span>(lambda)</span> parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 13","pages":"2511 - 2528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02124-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large Scale Voxel-Based FEM Formulation for NMR Relaxation in Porous Media","authors":"Luiz F. Bez,&nbsp;Ricardo Leiderman,&nbsp;André Souza,&nbsp;Rodrigo B. de V. Azeredo,&nbsp;André M. B. Pereira","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02118-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02118-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques are key in the study of porous reservoir rocks. They can provide valuable insight into the pore size distribution of the pore space of a given rock sample due to its dependence on the magnetic fluid/matrix interaction. The pore space is often studied at the μm scale through the use of micro-CT images, which are often composed of hundreds of millions of voxels, posing significant challenges to numerical simulations. In this paper, we present an image-based, fully explicit, and matrix-free finite element implementation for the simulation of NMR relaxation process that is capable of handling such large 3D problems in single GPUs. The chosen explicit time-integration scheme uses a lumped capacitance formulation and stabilization via hyperbolization, and it is capable of handling arbitrary time-step sizes with controllable error levels. The image-based representation of the pore space is used for a memory-efficient, matrix-free formulation of the time integration using massively parallel processes on a single GPU. In addition, we propose the substitution of a global digital roughness correction factor that depends on the porous space’s geometry for a problem-independent local correction factor, based on nodal neighborhoods. We show that the numerical scheme converges with successive refinements as expected and that our local correction coefficient is capable of estimating the correct <i>S</i>/<i>V</i> parameter of several different classical geometries. We tested our formulation against an image-based Random Walk simulation of four digital rock core samples, achieving good agreement between them. We manage to simulate a giga-voxel image-based model on a personal use GPU (less than 10GB of memory use) in 33 min with our FEM implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 12","pages":"2405 - 2430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142180301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}