Transport in Porous Media最新文献

{"title":"Water and Oil Volume Measurement Using UV–Visible Spectroscopy","authors":"Mohammad Sarlak,&nbsp;Jules Reed,&nbsp;Stuart Law,&nbsp;Alan J. McCue,&nbsp;Yukie Tanino","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02140-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02140-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fluid saturation in relative permeability experiments is typically determined by volumetric or gravimetric measurements, as well as in-situ saturation monitoring (ISSM). Gravimetric measurements tend to have larger error due to grain loss. The conventional volumetric method used can be a challenge because produced volumes for oil and water must be separated and measured manually. ISSM method is also a costly technique. In this study, an UV–visible spectroscopy was used to continuously and cost effectively measure oil and water volumes. A water-oil unsteady state relative permeability was performed to investigate the feasibility of calculating oil and water volumes using UV–visible spectroscopy. UV–visible spectroscopy is a quantitative technique in analytical chemistry to determine concentrations of known solutes. A UV–visible spectroscope was located in the flow line immediately after the core holder and used to quantify fluid volumes (oil and water) produced from a core sample during unsteady state relative permeability study. A volumetric separator was also used to compare production volumes obtained from UV–visible spectroscope. The relative permeabilities were calculated using JBN method from both volumetric and UV-visible spectroscope measurements and then history matched with Sendra (PRORES AS). The final oil volume produced, oil and water relative permeability curves obtained from UV–visible spectroscope measurements were in good agreement with volumetric measurements. The Corey relative permeability curves simulated from Sendra also were closely matched with analytical relative permeability curves obtained using volume measurements from volumetric and UV–visible spectroscope data. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) on post relative permeability experiment was also in good agreement with UV–visible spectroscope measurement. UV–visible spectroscopy was also used to measure the breakthrough time of the injected fluid. Breakthrough time estimated using in-line UV–visible spectrophotometer was 0.634 PVI compared to 0.617 and 0.673 PVI from pressure data and volumetric observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02140-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pressure Drop and Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient Formulation for Packed Bed Systems with Cylindrical Capsules","authors":"Akshay Kumar,&nbsp;Pratyush Kumar,&nbsp;Sandip K. Saha","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02143-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02143-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Packed beds with cylindrical particles of polymeric material are a better option for developing low-cost, durable thermal energy storage for higher temperature ranges and corrosive environments. In this work, the formulations for pressure drop and interfacial convective heat transfer coefficient in the packed bed system (PBS) filled with cylindrical particles are developed for a wide range of geometrical and operating parameters. Two experimental setups are developed to determine the effects of superficial velocity, porosity of PBS, and geometrical dimensions of cylindrical particles on pressure drop and interfacial convective heat transfer coefficient. A discrete element method-based numerical model of PBS is developed to obtain the effect of fluid properties. The machine learning regression is deployed on the experimental and numerical data set to obtain a pressure drop formulation. Further, an analytical expression based on the Ergun equation is developed to approximate the machine-learning-based pressure drop formulation. The interfacial heat transfer coefficient is estimated by solving the steady-state heat conduction equation using the experimentally measured particle surface and air temperatures. The developed pressure drop and interfacial heat transfer coefficient formulations show maximum mean absolute deviations of less than 10.1% and 5.5%, respectively, with the experimental results.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Acid Strength and Mineral Composition on Spontaneous Imbibition with Reactive Fluids","authors":"Muhammad Andiva Pratama,&nbsp;Hasan Javed Khan","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02138-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02138-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Capillary rise experiments are conducted in a set of calcareous and siliceous rocks with varying mineralogy and petrophysical properties to understand the coupled impact of reactivity and spontaneous imbibition. A capillary rise experiment is performed in each sample: first with deionized water, then with a dilute acidic solution, and finally again with deionized water, and the capillary rise profile for each is recorded. Pre- and post-acid petrophysical properties such as porosity, permeability, pore size distribution, and contact angle are measured for each sample. The mineral makeup of the rocks significantly influences how the acidic fluids penetrate the samples. The primary reactions are the dissolution of Ca- and Mg-rich minerals which alter the pore network. The higher acid strength results in higher capillary rise in calcareous rocks and results in an increase in the average pore size. The same pH acid results in lower capillary rise in the siliceous rocks, and a general decrease in the average pore size is observed. Changes in contact angle indicate increased water affinity in carbonate and reduced affinity in sandstone. The link between capillary interactions and fluid reactivity is often overlooked in fluid flow studies, and this research sheds light on the importance of reactivity during spontaneous imbibition, offering insights into dissolution and precipitation processes during capillary flow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02138-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Size-Dependent Inertial Permeability for Rough-Walled Fractures","authors":"Zihao Sun,&nbsp;Liangqing Wang,&nbsp;Liangchao Zou,&nbsp;Jia-Qing Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02139-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02139-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inertial permeability is a critical parameter that quantifies the pressure loss caused by inertia in fluid flow through rough-walled fractures, described by the Forchheimer equation. This study investigates the size effect on the inertial permeability of rough-walled fractures and establishes a characterization model for fractures of varying sizes. Numerical simulations are conducted on five large-scale fracture models (1 m × 1 m) by resolving the Navier–Stokes equations. Smaller models are extracted from these large-scale fracture models for detailed size-dependent analysis. The results show that the peak asperity height (<i>ξ</i>), asperity height variation coefficient (<i>η</i>), and the fitting coefficient of the aperture cumulative distribution curve (<i>C</i>) significantly affect inertial permeability. Specifically, as <i>ξ</i> increases, the fluid flow experiences greater resistance, resulting in a reduction of inertial permeability. Similarly, a larger <i>η</i> corresponds to more variable asperity heights, further decreasing permeability. In contrast, a higher <i>C</i> value, indicating a more uniform aperture distribution, increases inertial permeability by facilitating smoother fluid flow. Quantitatively, the relationship between inertial permeability and fracture size follows a power law, with the sensitivity to roughness parameters diminishing as fracture size increases. This characterization model provides a method for scaling from laboratory-scale to field-scale fractures, offering practical implications for hydraulic engineering and subsurface fluid flow management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrated Model with Reconstructed Full-Scale Shale Matrix and Fractures","authors":"Jingchun Feng,&nbsp;Qingrong Xiong,&nbsp;Diansen Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02144-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02144-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Four types of voids exist in shale, including inorganic pores, organic pores, natural fractures, and hydraulic fractures, where the gas flow within is affected by voids sizes, shapes, and the mineral composition surrounding them. It is still a challenge to build an effective multi-scale model for shale by now. A model classifying organic pores and inorganic pores with and without clay was proposed in our previous work by incorporating various testing methods. However, some improvements can be made, including wider the pore size of the model to full-scale and adding the fractures without being considered previously. Therefore, a new model is proposed by integrating an improved full-scale matrix pore network model (PNM) with fractures. That is, the effects of four types of voids, including organic pores, inorganic pores containing clay, inorganic pores without clay, and fractures, on gas flow are all considered in the model. Then, the factors affecting the permeability of the matrix (i.e., without fractures) and the whole model (i.e., with fractures) were analyzed. The results show that connectivity both in small- and large-scale PNM and total organic content facilitate the flow, while clay content and water film thickness hinder the flow, especially within small pores. Fractures along the pressure drop accelerate gas flow, and the fractures perpendicular to the pressure drop only channel the pressure when the fractures along the pressure drop both exist. The model can be applied to other mudstones and shales and studies the fluid migration within them through proper parameters adjustment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Viscous Crossflow During the Foam Displacement in Two-Layered Porous Media","authors":"A. J. Castrillón Vásquez,&nbsp;P. Z. S. Paz,&nbsp;G. Chapiro","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02135-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02135-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Foam flow in porous media increased the scientific community’s attention due to several potential industrial applications, including remediation of contaminated aquifers, soil remediation, acid diversion, and hydrocarbon recovery. Natural reservoirs typically have fractured and multi-layered structures. We investigate an immiscible incompressible two-phase foam flow in an internally homogeneous two-layered porous medium with different porosities and absolute permeabilities. For our analysis, we extended the previous result, evidencing that the presence of foam induces the existence of a single flow front in both layers. Using the traveling wave solution, we classify the foam flow depending on the absolute permeability and the porosity ratio between layers. We show that the mass crossflow between layers is connected to the relative position of the flow front in these layers and that the porosity difference between layers impacts the mass crossflow. All analytical estimates were supported by direct numerical simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 15","pages":"2835 - 2857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Python Workflow for Segmenting Multiphase Flow in Porous Rocks","authors":"Catherine Spurin,&nbsp;Sharon Ellman,&nbsp;Dane Sherburn,&nbsp;Tom Bultreys,&nbsp;Hamdi A. Tchelepi","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02136-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02136-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>X-ray micro-computed tomography (X-ray micro-CT) is widely employed to investigate flow phenomena in porous media, providing a powerful alternative to core-scale experiments for estimating traditional petrophysical properties such as porosity, single-phase permeability or fluid connectivity. However, the segmentation process, critical for deriving these properties from greyscale images, varies significantly between studies due to the absence of a standardized workflow or any ground truth data. This introduces challenges in comparing results across different studies, especially for properties sensitive to segmentation. To address this, we present a fully open-source, automated workflow for the segmentation of a Bentheimer sandstone filled with nitrogen and brine. The workflow incorporates a traditional image processing pipeline, including non-local means filtering, image registration, watershed segmentation of grains, and a combination of differential imaging and thresholding for segmentation of the fluid phases. Our workflow enhances reproducibility by enabling other research groups to easily replicate and validate findings, fostering consistency in petrophysical property estimation. Moreover, its modular structure facilitates integration into modeling frameworks, allowing for forward-backward communication and parameter sensitivity analyses. We apply the workflow to exploring the sensitivity of the non-wetting phase volume, surface area, and connectivity to image processing. This adaptable tool paves the way for future advancements in X-ray micro-CT analysis of porous media.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 15","pages":"2819 - 2834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Improved Scheme for the Finite Difference Approximation of the Advective Term in the Heat or Solute Transport Equations","authors":"Jordi Petchamé-Guerrero,&nbsp;Jesus Carrera","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02133-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02133-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transport equations are widely used to describe the evolution of scalar quantities subject to advection, dispersion and, possibly, reactions. Numerical methods are required to solve these equations in applications, adopting either the advective or conservative formulations. Conservative formulations are usually preferred in practice because they conserve mass. Advective formulations do not, but have received more mathematical attention and are required for Lagrangian solution methods. To obtain an advective formulation that conserves mass, we subtract the discretized fluid flow equation, multiplied by concentration, from the conservative form of the transport equation. The resulting scheme not only conserves mass, but is also elegant in that it can be interpreted as averaging the advective term at cell interfaces, instead of approximating it at cell centers as in traditional centered schemes. The two schemes are identical when fluid velocity is constant, and both have second-order convergence, but the truncation errors are slightly different. We argue that the error terms appearing in the proposed scheme actually imply an improved representation of subgrid spreading/contraction and acceleration/deceleration caused by variable velocity. We compare the proposed and traditional schemes on several problems with variable velocity caused by recharge, discharge or evaporation, including two newly developed analytical solutions. The proposed method yields results that are slightly, but consistently, better than the traditional scheme, while always conserving mass (i.e., mass at the end equals mass at the beginning plus inputs minus outputs), which the traditional centered finite differences scheme does not. We conclude that this scheme should be preferred in finite difference solutions of transport.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 15","pages":"2795 - 2817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02133-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Solution for Darcy Flow in a Bounded Fracture-Matrix Domain","authors":"Jan Březina,&nbsp;Pavel Burda","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02130-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02130-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We derive an analytical solution to a Darcy flow problem in a discrete 1D fracture coupled to a 2D continuum matrix. Separate unknowns for the fracture and matrix domain are considered, coupled by a Robin-type condition. The solution, in the form of a Fourier series, applies to a wide range of problem parameters, covering both conductive and barrier fracture cases. The evaluation procedure and convergence properties are discussed. To validate the solution, we compare it against a numerical solution using second-order finite differences in a parametric study. Our results demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the analytical solution, making it a valuable tool for testing numerical schemes for discrete fracture-matrix models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 15","pages":"2777 - 2794"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Analysis of Droplet Evaporation at the Interface of a Coupled Free-Flow–Porous Medium System","authors":"Maziar Veyskarami,&nbsp;Carina Bringedal,&nbsp;Rainer Helmig","doi":"10.1007/s11242-024-02123-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-024-02123-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evaporation of droplets formed at the interface of a coupled free-flow–porous medium system enormously affects the exchange of mass, momentum, and energy between the two domains. In this work, we develop a model to describe multiple droplets’ evaporation at the interface, in which new sets of coupling conditions including the evaporating droplets are developed to describe the interactions between the free flow and the porous medium. Employing pore-network modeling to describe the porous medium, we take the exchanges occurring on the droplet–pore and droplet–free-flow interfaces into account. In this model, we describe the droplet evaporation as a diffusion-driven process, where vapor from the droplet surface diffuses into the surrounding free flow due to the concentration gradient. To validate the model, we compare the simulation results for the evaporation of a single droplet in a channel with experimental data, demonstrating that our model accurately describes the evaporation process. Then, we examine the impact of free-flow and porous medium properties on droplet evaporation. The results show that, among other factors, velocity and relative humidity in the free-flow domain, as well as pore temperature in the porous medium, play key roles in the droplet evaporation process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"151 15","pages":"2745 - 2775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-024-02123-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}