Transport in Porous Media最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of Hydraulic Rock Diffusivity Using Oscillatory Pore Pressure","authors":"Dario Sciandra,&nbsp;Iman R. Kivi,&nbsp;Roman Y. Makhnenko,&nbsp;Dorothee Rebscher,&nbsp;Víctor Vilarrasa","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02176-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02176-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interest of exploring deep geological resources for energy-related activities is rapidly increasing. Lowering the risks associated with these activities requires the development of fast and accurate in situ rock characterization methods. Monitoring and interpreting periodic signals, whether natural or man-induced, can provide valuable information about subsurface formations. This study focuses on improving the understanding of injection-induced pore pressure oscillations in confined formations and describes the use of periodic signals for characterizing hydraulic diffusivity. We revisit existing analytical solutions of cyclic pore pressure diffusion into geologic formations with one-dimensional or axisymmetric geometries and compare their performance with numerical simulations, including uncoupled hydraulic (H) and coupled hydro-mechanical (HM) models. We investigate the solutions in three main applications: (a) energy storage in porous rock, (b) CO₂-rich water injection into a caprock representative for CO₂ storage, and (c) stimulation of an enhanced geothermal system in crystalline rock. The wave propagation extends over kilometer scales for the first case. In the second case, the wave propagation is confined to tens of centimeters. For the last case, the wave propagation occurs on the order of tens of meters. Numerical and analytical solutions match under identical assumptions, with errors of less than 3% across all the considered cases. While numerical solutions account for multidimensional hydro-mechanical rock response, analytical solutions provide an immediate initial approximation of the problem, enabling rapid reactions. This study highlights how simplified tools can aid in real-time interpretation for diverse subsurface energy applications, bridging analytical and numerical approaches for practical subsurface monitoring and characterization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-025-02176-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instability of Double-Diffusive Convection in an Oldroyd-B Fluid-Saturated Vertical Brinkman Porous Layer","authors":"Yuanzhen Ren,&nbsp;Jialu Wang,&nbsp;Beinan Jia,&nbsp;Yongjun Jian","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02179-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02179-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The instability of double-diffusive convection in an Oldroyd-B fluid in a vertical porous layer is investigated using a modified Darcy–Brinkman–Oldroyd model. Squire's theorem is validated, reducing the problem to two-dimensional linear instability. The Orr–Sommerfeld eigenvalue problem is solved numerically using the Chebyshev collocation method. The effects of dimensionless parameters on the neutral stability curves are examined. It is found that the Darcy–Prandtl number (<i>Pr</i>_<i>D</i>), relaxation time (<i>λ</i>₁), and normalized porosity (<i>η</i>) have dual effects on instability. <i>Pr</i>_<i>D</i> has two critical values: <i>Pr</i>_<i>Dc</i>1 and <i>Pr</i>_<i>Dc</i>2. When <i>Pr</i>_<i>Dc</i>1 &lt; <i>Pr</i>_<i>D</i> &lt; <i>Pr</i>_<i>Dc</i>2, <i>Pr</i>_<i>D</i> inhibits convection; otherwise, <i>Pr</i>_<i>D</i> promotes convection. The effect of <i>λ</i>₁ on fluid stability is influenced by <i>Pr</i>_<i>D</i>. When <i>η</i> &gt; <i>η</i>_<i>c</i> (the critical value of <i>η</i>), it promotes flow instability; when <i>η</i> &lt; <i>η</i>_<i>c</i>, it suppresses instability. For Lewis number <i>Le</i> &gt; 2.31, two instability regions are observed, requiring three critical Darcy–Rayleigh numbers to determine flow instability. For <i>Le</i> &lt; 2.31, the finite unstable region disappears. Finally, the relaxation parameter <i>λ</i>₂ promotes flow stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of Relative Permeability Hysteresis Using Limited Experimental Data and Physically Constrained ANN","authors":"Sanchay Mukherjee,&nbsp;Russell T. Johns","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02178-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02178-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We developed a relative permeability (<i>k</i>_<i>r</i>) model using an artificial neural network (ANN) that can simultaneously fit one or more drainage and imbibition experimental scans while also predicting relative permeability and residual saturations for other scans. The ANN model uses saturation and phase connectivity and is constrained to giving continuous and physical values for any hysteresis path. The new model can estimate continuous <i>k</i>_<i>r</i> values even when saturations move outside residual saturation limits owing to vaporization or solubilization. To demonstrate the approach, we fit one measured drainage and imbibition <i>k</i>_<i>r</i> curve from gas–water experimental data to develop contours of <i>k</i>_<i>r</i> in saturation-connectivity space. Relative permeability is then predicted as paths, described by simple functions, are traversed. The results show that residual saturations vary automatically as small <i>k</i>_<i>r</i> values are encountered and increase with increasing initial saturation without the use of Land’s model. The ANN model simultaneously fits all experimental data, unlike current empirical Corey or hysteresis models. Once tuned, the ANN model accurately predicts other measured hysteresis scans not used in tuning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-025-02178-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Experiments, Visualization and Numerical Analysis of Free Thermal and Thermohaline Convection in Quasi-2D Homogeneous Isotropic Porous Media","authors":"Thomas Graf,&nbsp;Alexander Basten,&nbsp;Olaf A. Cirpka,&nbsp;Insa Neuweiler,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Rahmann,&nbsp;Frank Spitzenberg","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02166-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02166-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Density-driven flow caused by concomitant differences in temperature and salinity, known as thermohaline convection, is important in understanding the circulation of deep geofluids, e.g., in geothermal energy production. We carried out experiments of free thermal and thermohaline convection in homogeneous isotropic media using a laboratory-scale two-dimensional tank filled with glass beads representing a porous medium. Glass beads of different diameter were used in different experiments to achieve different permeabilities of the porous medium. Density and viscosity of the fluid were changed by initially introducing a salt (NaCl) solution and by applying a heating device placed inside the tank. Fluid temperature inside the tank was measured over time on multiple thermocouples placed inside the tank on the inner glass walls. The fluid was dyed with two color tracers in order to visualize the emerging free convective flow pattern. The convective flow pattern was captured using a digital camera for the tracer distribution and an IR camera for the temperature distribution. In subsequent numerical simulations, the experiments were successfully simulated numerically including density/viscosity variations and heat loss of the tank to the laboratory air across the back and front glass plates. Flow and transport parameters were calibrated using the results of the experiments with constant salinity. The set of calibrated parameter values was applied to successfully validate a thermohaline experiment with no need for further calibration. The processes of salt (NaCl) transport and heat transfer were both very accurately simulated in a single simulation. The approaches and results presented here can be used for interpretation, testing and analysis of other simulation software of free thermohaline flow and transport. Analysis of flow velocities and streamlines showed that flow packages in a convection cell mostly follow a closed path such that there is little radial mixing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-025-02166-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LBM-DEM Simulation of Particle-Laden Flow Around Porous Microspheres: Effect of Particle Retention","authors":"Zhao Chen,&nbsp;Shaotong Fu,&nbsp;Limin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02169-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02169-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Porous spheres are extensively employed as carriers for the adsorption or transport of functional substances, making the exploration of particle retention within them a subject of considerable importance. The intricate dynamics of particle-laden flow around three-dimensional (3D) porous microspheres are elucidated through the coupling model of lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and discrete element method (DEM). This investigation examines how the ratios of particle-to-pore sizes and the gradation of pore sizes influence particle retention. The numerical findings indicate that, in the absence of particle agglomeration, smaller particles tend to increase the trapped solid holdup within porous media. However, once a specific particle size threshold is surpassed, the retention process becomes selective and highly specific, with the retention efficiency closely tied to the correlation between the sizes of the pore throats and the particles. The optimal retention scenario is realized when there is a precise alignment between the particle size and the dominant size distribution of the pore throats. This provides crucial insights into the structural design of porous media, with the objective of enhancing particle retention efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of Permeability and Formation Factor of Carbonate Digital Rocks: Dual-Pore-Network and Pore-Network-Continuum Models","authors":"Xingyuan Zhao,&nbsp;Bowen Shi,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Jianlin Zhao,&nbsp;Fei Jiang,&nbsp;Chao-Zhong Qin","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02177-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02177-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many subsurface formations, such as soils, carbonate rocks, and mudstones, possess multiscale pore structures that impose significant challenges to the pore-scale modeling of flow and transport processes. Despite the development of several models, there is a lack of comparative studies and quantitative analysis to evaluate their performance. In this work, we present two image-based hybrid models for predicting absolute permeability and electrical formation factor: a dual-pore-network model (DPNM) and a pore-network-continuum model (PNCM). We use several publicly available digital rock samples of Estaillades carbonate, one of which includes experimentally characterized sub-resolution regions (i.e., microporosity) represented by 3D maps of porosity and entry pressure. We perform comprehensive comparisons between the DPNM and PNCM, focusing on the strengths and limitations of the DPNM. Our results show that, assuming homogeneous microporosity, both the DPNM and PNCM accurately predict absolute permeability and formation factors. However, for realistic heterogeneous microporosity, the DPNM significantly underestimates absolute permeability by more than an order of magnitude, compared to the PNCM. We also explore two methods to improve the performance of our DPNM. Our findings will provide a foundation for the application of DPNMs to a wide range of geological and engineering systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Imaging-Based Porous Plate Measurements of Fluid Distribution and Capillary Pressure During Drainage in a Multiscale Oolitic Limestone","authors":"Anindityo Patmonoaji,&nbsp;Rukuan Chai,&nbsp;Asli S. Gundogar,&nbsp;Mohamed Regaieg,&nbsp;Martin J. Blunt,&nbsp;Branko Bijeljic","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02171-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02171-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a combination of a porous plate, micro-computed tomography, and differential imaging, the differential imaging porous plate (DIPP) method was employed to monitor spatial fluid distribution and measure capillary pressure between oil and water in an oolitic limestone, Ketton. Based on geological interpretation, mercury intrusion capillary pressure (MICP), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the pores were classified into macropores, intermediate-size pores, and micropores. Macropores are formed by the intergranular packing of ooid spheres, micropores are found within the intragranular porosity of the ooids, and intermediate-size pores arise from interstitial particles filling the macropores. This multiscale classification was validated by observing the fluid distribution patterns during drainage. A comparison with MICP showed that DIPP tends to yield lower capillary pressure values even after correction for fluid properties, consistent with previous studies on laminated sandstones. The results suggest that porous plate measurements using oil and water provide a more representative characterization of capillary pressure than MICP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-025-02171-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-Driven Closure Parametrizations with Metrics: Dispersive Transport","authors":"Edward Coltman,&nbsp;Martin Schneider,&nbsp;Rainer Helmig","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02168-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02168-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents a data-driven framework for multi-scale parametrization of velocity-dependent dispersive transport in porous media. Pore-scale flow and transport simulations are conducted on periodic pore geometries, and volume averaging is used to isolate dispersive transport, producing parameters for the dispersive closure term at the representative elementary volume scale. After validation on unit cells with symmetric and asymmetric geometries, a convolutional neural network is trained to predict dispersivity directly from pore geometry images. Descriptive metrics are also introduced to better understand the parameter space and are used to build a neural network that predicts dispersivity based solely on these metrics. While the models predict longitudinal dispersivity well, transversal dispersivity remains difficult to capture, likely requiring more advanced models to fully describe pore-scale transversal dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-025-02168-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Algorithms for Stochastic Pore Network Generation for Porous Materials","authors":"Chengnan Shi,&nbsp;Hans Janssen","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02174-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02174-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pore network modeling is widely applied to investigate transport phenomena in porous media, as this approach allows for efficient and accurate pore-scale simulation. However, the direct extraction of the pore network (PN) from three-dimensional pore structure images can often not be achieved, due to the conflict between the wide pore size range of many porous materials and the limited image size inherent to many imaging techniques. This obstacle is typically overcome by stochastic PN generation, and this paper proposes and assesses improved stochastic algorithms to generate such statistically similar PNs. Four algorithms for geometry generation as well as two algorithms for topology generation are investigated, both qualitatively and quantitatively, for four porous materials with different degrees of complexity. Particularly, with each algorithm, the materials’ unsaturated moisture storage and transport properties are simulated and compared. The results demonstrate that, as the pore structure’s complexity increases, the basic stochastic algorithms available in the literature do not suffice for an accurate and dependable PN generation. The improved geometry and topology generation algorithms put forward in this paper, on the other hand, highly enhance the reliability of the generated PNs, by reducing the deviations for specific moisture contents and permeabilities by 67–98% on average. The improved stochastic algorithms also set the stage for generating PNs of porous materials with (very) wide pore size ranges, and future research can build on these algorithms to generate full-scale PNs using multiple 3D image sets with different resolutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Two-Point Liquid Loading Effects on Transversely Isotropic Poroelastic Media Through Green’s Functions Analysis","authors":"Muzammal Hameed Tariq,&nbsp;Yue-Ting Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11242-025-02165-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-025-02165-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Green’s functions for two-point liquid sources analyze anisotropic mechanical-fluid interactions, providing insights for real-world applications and enabling precision in design optimization across geomechanics and biomechanics. In this paper, we uniquely derive the expression for a two-point fluid source influenced by poroelasticity in an infinite transversely isotropic material, providing a novel contribution to the literature. Initially, we obtain the general solution for the governing equations using the potential theory method with Almansi’s theorem. Subsequently, building on the general solution, we derive a fundamental solution for a two-point fluid source using harmonic functions with undetermined constants. These constants are determined through continuous and equilibrium conditions. The resulting exact solutions serve as benchmarks for numerical codes and approximate solutions, offering crucial support for a wide range of project problems. To provide further insight, we present complex numerical examples illustrating the physical mechanisms through contours. Results show symmetry around two-point fluid sources, with higher magnitudes and sign changes indicating compression and expansion zones. Zero contours and inflection points are identified, while coupling effects diminish in the far field and become singular at the sources, providing valuable insights into their spatial extent and intensity. To validate our results, we compare them with existing literature, enhancing the credibility of our approach and contributing to the ongoing dialog in the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"152 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}