Transport in Porous Media最新文献

{"title":"A Streamline-Based Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium Framework for Heat Transport in Subsurface Porous Media","authors":"Mohammad Nezam Uddin,&nbsp;Yin Feng,&nbsp;Boyun Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02349-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02349-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Local thermal equilibrium (LTE) is widely assumed in reservoir-scale heat-transport simulation, although distinct fluid and rock temperatures may persist when fluid residence times are short relative to interphase heat exchange. This study develops a streamline-based local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) framework for heat transport in subsurface porous media containing a single mobile liquid phase. Fluid-temperature advection and longitudinal conduction are solved along regularized streamlines in a time-of-flight coordinate, whereas multidimensional conduction and an exact, conservative fluid–rock exchange update are applied on the background grid. LTE and LTNE use the same pressure field, streamline geometry, mapping operators, and operator-splitting workflow, enabling direct comparison. In one-dimensional benchmarks, the LTE streamline solution agreed with the Ogata–Banks solution with R²= 0.9928, and the LTNE fluid- and rock-temperature solutions agreed with the Schumann solution with R² = 0.9999. As the volumetric fluid–rock heat-transfer coefficient h_a increased from 10 to 100 W m⁻³ K⁻¹, agreement between the LTNE heat-capacity-weighted temperature and the LTE temperature increased from R² = 0.9442 to 0.9996. In a 500-day heterogeneous SPE10-based injection–production case, thermal breakthrough occurred at approximately 200 days, and LTNE predicted a produced-fluid temperature up to 11.4 °C higher than LTE near 395 days. Spatially variable exchange had little effect on the production-temperature curve but increased the maximum fluid-rock temperature difference at 500 days from 1.1 to 7.57 °C. These results show that macroscopic thermal response may appear near equilibrium while substantial local thermal non-equilibrium persists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discretization and Kinematic Effects of Meniscus Motion on Apparent Contact Angle During Rise in a Wide Capillary","authors":"Xingfu Li,&nbsp;Igor Shikhov,&nbsp;Christoph Arns","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02348-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02348-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Capillary effects govern fluid distribution in reservoir rocks and fluid transport in various porous systems. Capillarity and wettability are linked through the intricate interplay of interfacial tension, surface wettability, and gravity. Quantitative evaluation of wettability conditions, using high-resolution experimental techniques especially in dynamically changing systems, often relies on determination of contact angle through the measurement of interfacial curvature. Here, we use OpenFOAM simulations of capillary rise in a straight vertical channel (two parallel plates) to investigate the effects of inertia, surface tension and gravity on the spatially and temporally resolved meniscus curvature and apparent contact angle. The variations of the apparent contact angle, inferred from the local curvature, are related to kinematic elements—velocity, acceleration, and acceleration rate—through the simulated capillary rise. Simulations are verified against analytical solutions for both equilibrium height and contact angle and compared to theoretically predicted oscillation dynamics for the 1D case. Results demonstrate hysteresis-like behaviour of the apparent contact angle, albeit to a smaller degree than the typical difference between advancing and receding contact angles and reveal that the apparent contact angle evolves systematically with interface velocity and acceleration. Two further sources of deviation are also identified—non-circular meniscus geometry and transient capillary-wave modulation—each an order of magnitude smaller than the kinematic deviation but representing systematic, geometry-induced contributions to image-based contact angle measurements. These findings underscore the importance of resolving transient interface geometry and kinematic effects when interpreting pore-scale wettability from curvature-based measurements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-026-02348-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Slip Effect on Permeability of Porous Media","authors":"Chenyang Han,&nbsp;Xiaolin Liu,&nbsp;YuXin Zhao,&nbsp;DunDian Gang,&nbsp;Shihe Yi","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02340-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02340-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Porous media exhibit significant application potential in aerospace and related fields owing to their low density and high specific surface area. Permeability is a critical parameter governing flow resistance within porous structures. The previous studies have demonstrated that gas slip effects can modify the apparent permeability of porous media, known as the Klinkenberg effect. However, most existing investigations focus on Darcy flow, while slip effects under non-Darcy flow conditions remain insufficiently explored. In this work, the permeability characteristics of porous media under slip effects are experimentally investigated for air flow. As the outlet pressure decreases, a pronounced reduction in the friction factor is observed, indicating an enhanced velocity slip effect within the porous media. By varying the downstream outlet pressure, the relationship between permeability and the outlet Knudsen number under non-Darcy flow conditions is systematically analyzed. The results reveal that the permeability exhibits a quadratic dependence on <i>Kn</i>_o (the outlet Knudsen number) in the range of 0.5 × 10⁻³ &lt; <i>Kn</i>_o &lt; 3.1 × 10⁻³. Based on the experimental findings, a non-Darcy seepage model incorporating slip effects is developed. Compared with conventional models, the proposed model significantly improves flow rate prediction accuracy, reducing the maximum prediction error from approximately 15.5–4.2%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148837763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Wormhole Evolution During Carbonate Matrix Acidizing via X-ray Micro-CT Imaging","authors":"Roger Urgel-Pinto,&nbsp;Luis A. Alcázar-Vara","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02343-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02343-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study characterizes the dynamic evolution of wormholes during carbonate matrix acidizing using time-lapse X-ray micro-CT imaging. Field-scale acidizing simulations, mapped from experimental transition points via Damköhler and Péclet number equivalence, reveal a &gt;99% collapse in marginal skin reduction efficiency once channeling is established, with only minor incremental gains beyond the subsequent coalescence and over-flush stages. These four distinct evolution phases—diffuse flow, channeling, coalescence, and over-flush—were identified by analyzing the wormhole volume relative to injected pore volume (WH/PV). A three-parameter rational Padé approximant provides a convenient empirical interpolation of this WH/PV evolution (R² &gt; 0.86) and enables the estimation of stage transition boundaries. Results indicate that Indiana carbonate reaches these transitions earlier than Edwards Yellow due to its more interconnected pore structure. Furthermore, pore orientation analysis confirms that axial alignment of connected pores precedes permeability breakthrough. This integrated workflow establishes a quantitative link between microstructural metrics and field-scale stimulation, suggesting that acid treatments should be optimized to just exceed the coalescence stage. Future work should extend this workflow to other lithologies and acid systems and further refine the link between microstructural metrics and field-scale stimulation performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148751948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Tortuosity Based on an Experimental Study of a Solute Diffusion in a Porous Medium","authors":"D. A. Polezhaev,&nbsp;A. V. Teryokhina","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02346-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02346-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the experimental findings of measurements of the tortuosity of a porous medium obtained using a technique based on comparing the molecular diffusion coefficient of a solute in a free fluid with the diffusion coefficient of the same solute in the fluid filling the pores. Water is used as the solvent, with the fluorescent dye Rhodamine B acting as the solute. The porous medium is modeled using a thin rectangular cell filled with monosized hard spheres. The models differ in cell thickness and sphere diameter, allowing the porosity of the medium to be varied between 0.40 and 0.55. The porosity and the shape of the porous medium skeleton influence the tortuosity, which in the conditions of this study varies from 1.20 to 1.46. The obtained data on diffusion tortuosity are compared with theoretical predictions for porous media with a skeleton consisting of hard spheres, as well as with experimental findings by other authors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148751947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow and Heat Transfer in Microscale Porous Media with Pore Regulation","authors":"Xiaojuan Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Fan","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02342-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02342-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In transpiration cooling, when the coolant flows through a porous matrix, the gradient pressure distribution formed by the mainstream will induce transverse flow of the coolant within the porous medium. In this study, porous materials with randomly distributed pores were constructed to investigate the flow and heat transfer process of a coolant inside the porous medium under a gradient pressure distribution at the outlet. The cooling performance was improved through microscopic pore regulation. The results show that under full penetration conditions, the high-temperature mainstream counter-permeates into the porous medium, leading to significant localized high-temperature effects. By implementing local microscopic pore regulation, the large-area counter-permeation of the high-temperature mainstream into the porous medium can be avoided, achieving flow field reconstruction within the porous medium and enhancing the effectiveness of transpiration cooling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148628703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersion Measurements for Underground Hydrogen Storage over Sequestered CO2","authors":"Sam Kobeissi,&nbsp;Nicholas N. A. Ling,&nbsp;Minzhen Li,&nbsp;Eric F. May,&nbsp;Michael L. Johns","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02344-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02344-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in depleted gas reservoirs is an effective strategy for balancing renewable energy supply and demand, with cushion gases being used to maintain storage pressure. Here CO₂ is investigated as a cushion gas via measurements of the dispersion between hydrogen and CO₂ in a (Bentheimer sandstone) rock core, performed at reservoir-relevant conditions using a novel core flooding apparatus. Such data is required to quantify undesirable mixing between the stored hydrogen and the cushion gas. Dispersion coefficients (<i>K</i>_<i>L</i>) were measured at 50–100 bar and 22–60 °C, with injection velocities up to 170 m/day, employing benchtop NMR spectroscopy for effluent composition analysis. The value of <i>K</i>_<i>L</i> ranged from 0.018 to 0.06 m²/day, with most of the measurements performed for H₂ extraction (CO₂ displacing H₂). At 22 °C and 50 bar, a representative comparison showed higher dispersion during H₂ injection (H₂ displacing CO₂) than during H₂ extraction. This behaviour is attributed to the viscosity ratio (ratio of displaced to displacing fluid) exceeding unity during H₂ injection, promoting viscous fingering. Extrapolation of <i>K</i>_<i>L</i> to its value at minimal flow velocity produced a tortuosity value that ranged from 2.24 to 2.63 depending on the diffusion coefficient used, which was consistent with the independent measurement of 2.32 ± 0.20 produced using pulse field gradient (PFG) NMR measurements. Values of the molecular diffusion coefficient (<i>D</i>₁₂) estimated using Thorne-Enskog theory resulted in the normalised <i>K</i>_<i>L</i>/<i>D</i>₁₂ data collapsing onto a single curve for all of the temperature and pressure conditions considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-026-02344-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148628398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability Evaluation of CO2 Hydrate Barrier Layers in Porous Media with Different Surface Areas and Wettabilities by Water Permeability Measurements","authors":"Keichi Obata,&nbsp;Yanrong Li,&nbsp;Terumi Inagaki,&nbsp;Satoshi Someya","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02345-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02345-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CO₂ hydrate formation within the gas hydrate stability zone is expected to provide a redundant safety barrier for sub-seabed geological CO₂ storage by suppressing fluid flow during leakage. However, hydrate morphology and sealing performance in porous media depend strongly on rock properties, including particle size and wettability. In this study, seabed sediments were simulated using packed glass beads (0.05–0.21 mm) with hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. After hydrate formation, water was injected and barrier performance was quantified using permeability reduction and the relative pressure rise rate during injection. Hydrate formation reduced permeability by up to four orders of magnitude compared with the no-hydrate case. For intermediate particle sizes (0.07–0.09 mm), hydrophilic conditions promoted more stable hydrate barriers, whereas hydrophobic conditions tended to cause intermittent re-opening and re-formation. The finest particles (0.05 mm) exhibited strong flow inhibition regardless of wettability, consistent with a larger specific surface area available for hydrate growth. These results provide quantitative constraints for predicting hydrate barrier development and strengthening risk assessment for sub-seabed CO₂ storage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectral Characterization of Capillary Connectivity in Spontaneous Imbibition","authors":"P. Torsu","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02341-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02341-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a capillary connectivity spectrum framework for spontaneous imbibition in fractured porous media. The matrix is modeled as a continuum of capillary-accessible subdomains, each characterized by a local imbibition time scale, yielding a superposition of exponential relaxation processes. This formulation produces a recovery-kernel representation and an equivalent relaxation-spectrum description that connects macroscopic recovery dynamics to pore-scale accessibility. We show that the resulting recovery curves are bounded, monotone, and concave, while the recovery deficit is completely monotone. The inverse problem is formulated as a spectrum-inversion problem for reconstructing the underlying accessibility distribution from recovery observations. Conditions for identifiability are established, and the ill-posedness and intrinsic resolution limits of the inversion are analyzed. A regularized numerical implementation is developed for stable reconstruction. Synthetic and experimental results demonstrate accurate recovery of multiscale imbibition dynamics and improved performance relative to single- and bi-exponential models. The formulation provides a physically interpretable link between pore-scale connectivity and macroscopic recovery behavior while unifying classical exponential and multirate descriptions within a single continuum formulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rapid Laboratory Method for Matrix-Scale Permeability Characterisation in Tight Rocks","authors":"Brian Mutuma Mbui,&nbsp;Garri Gaus,&nbsp;Ralf Littke,&nbsp;Florian Amann","doi":"10.1007/s11242-026-02332-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-026-02332-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A rapid laboratory method is presented for estimating gas permeability in tight, fine-grained rocks based on transient gas uptake following controlled pressure expansion between two connected cells. The technique operates under unconfined, isothermal conditions and enforces radial transport through an axially sealed core plug. Pressure-dependent apparent permeability and Klinkenberg-corrected permeability are derived directly from the pressure decay using analytical solutions and established relationships. Analysis was performed on a synthetic ceramic material and a suite of claystones. Method reliability is demonstrated by: (i) resolving fluid dynamic effects; (ii) reproducing published permeability and slip-flow behaviour in the rigid ceramic, serving as an internal benchmark; and (iii) capturing established maturity-related permeability trends in the claystones, supporting geological sensitivity. Klinkenberg-corrected permeability ranged between 10^–19 and 10^–21 m². Slip factors ranged between 1.4 and 9.3 MPa, corresponding to average transport radii of ~ 2–20 nm, smaller in the claystones than in the ceramic and consistent with pore-size measurements. For the ceramic, gas-specific Klinkenberg slopes followed the expected ordering based on kinetic diametre, consistent with classical slip-flow theory. In contrast, the claystones exhibited more complex gas-dependent behaviour: helium and hydrogen showed stronger slip enhancement, whereas methane, nitrogen, and argon deviated from simple slip flow. These deviations are primarily attributed to gas–solid interactions consistent with momentum accommodation behaviour, with methane exhibiting enhanced apparent transport that may reflect additional sorption-related processes. While not intended to replace high-precision permeability measurements under confinement, the proposed method provides a reproducible and physically consistent means of rapidly estimating matrix-scale transport properties in tight rocks. The method confers numerous advantages including simplicity, minimal hardware requirements, and the ability to resolve pressure and gas dependence, making it well suited for early-stage screening, analogue comparison, and resource-limited applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":"153 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-026-02332-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}