Transport in Porous Media最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Lattice Boltzmann and Boundary Element Methods for Stokes and Visco-Inertial Flow in a Two-Dimensional Porous Medium","authors":"Patrick Hassard,&nbsp;Ian Turner,&nbsp;Daniel Lester","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02028-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02028-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In porous media, limitations imposed by macroscale laws can be avoided with a dual-scale model, in which the pore-scale phenomena of interest are modelled directly over a large number of realisations. Such a model requires a robust, accurate and efficient pore-scale solver. We compare the boundary element method (BEM) and two variants of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) as pore-scale solvers of 2D incompressible flow. The methods are run on a number of test cases and the performance of each simulation is assessed according to the mean velocity error and the computational runtime. Both the porous geometry (porosity, shape and complexity), and the Reynolds number (from Stokes to visco-inertial flow) are varied between the test cases. We find that, for Stokes flow, BEM provides the most efficient and accurate solution in simple geometries (with small boundary length) or when a large runtime is practical. In all other situations we consider, one of the variants of LBM performs best. We furthermore demonstrate that these findings also apply in a dual-scale model of Stokes flow through a locally-periodic medium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-023-02028-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138502230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharp Instability Estimates for Bidisperse Convection with Local Thermal Non-equilibrium","authors":"Franca Franchi,&nbsp;Roberta Nibbi,&nbsp;Brian Straughan","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02038-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02038-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We analyse a theory for thermal convection in a Darcy porous material where the skeletal structure is one with macropores, but also cracks or fissures, giving rise to a series of micropores. This is thus thermal convection in a bidisperse, or double porosity, porous body. The theory allows for non-equilibrium thermal conditions in that the temperature of the solid skeleton is allowed to be different from that of the fluid in the macro- or micropores. The model does, however, allow for independent velocities and pressures of the fluid in the macro- and micropores. The threshold for linear instability is shown to be the same as that for global nonlinear stability. This is a key result because it shows that one may employ linearized theory to ensure that the key physics of the thermal convection problem has been captured. It is important to realize that this has not been shown for other theories of bidisperse media where the temperatures in the macro- and micropores may be different. An analytical expression is obtained for the critical Rayleigh number and numerical results are presented employing realistic parameters for the physical values which arise.</p>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-023-02038-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow Characterization in Triply-Periodic-Minimal-Surface (TPMS)-Based Porous Geometries: Part 2—Heat Transfer","authors":"Surendra Singh Rathore,&nbsp;Balkrishna Mehta,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar,&nbsp;Mohammad Asfer","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02036-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02036-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Complex physical phenomena take place while dealing with the convective heat transfer in porous medium. Due to involved complexities, most of the earlier numerical studies are performed using various porous models compromising the detailed phenomena. Therefore, a pore-scale simulation has been performed for convective heat transfer in triply-periodic-minimal-surface lattices, with identical void fraction and unit-cell size, but different geometrical shapes (tortuosity), namely Diamond, Inverted Weaire–Phelan, Primitive, and Gyroid. Further, each lattice derived into three different types of porous structures by designing second subdomain as solid (in Type 1), fluid (in Type 2), and microporous zones (in Type 3). The convective heat transfer in a square mini-channel filled with the porous structures is investigated for the range of flow Reynolds number <span>(0.01&lt;mathrm{Re}&lt;100)</span> and <span>(mathrm{Pr}=7)</span>. The temperature distributions, solid and fluid Nusselt numbers on the external walls and on the internal walls, and quantitative departure from local thermal equilibrium (LTE) assumption are calculated for different porous media. The effect of porous morphology/tortuosity and effective porosity on the heat transfer is examined. The results revealed that the maximum temperature within the domain is found in Type 2 treatment, leading to inferior heat transfer performance compared to Type 1 and Type 3. Among all the lattices, the Diamond lattice provides more uniform temperature distribution over the external walls and within the volume including solid and fluid. The effective and the internal Nusselt numbers increase drastically for Re &gt; 10. For the range of Re considered here, the Primitive lattice shows the maximum deviation from LTE assumption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immiscible Viscous Fingering: The Effects of Wettability/Capillarity and Scaling","authors":"A. Beteta,&nbsp;K. S. Sorbie,&nbsp;A. Skauge,&nbsp;T. Skauge","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02034-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02034-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Realistic immiscible viscous fingering, showing all of the complex finger structure observed in experiments, has proven to be very difficult to model using direct numerical simulation based on the two-phase flow equations in porous media. Recently, a method was proposed by the authors to solve the viscous-dominated immiscible fingering problem numerically. This method gave realistic complex immiscible fingering patterns and showed very good agreement with a set of viscous unstable 2D water → oil displacement experiments. In addition, the method also gave a very good prediction of the response of the system to tertiary polymer injection. In this paper, we extend our previous work by considering the effect of wettability/capillarity on immiscible viscous fingering, e.g. in a water → oil displacements where viscosity ratio &lt;span&gt;(left( {mu_{{text{o}}} /mu_{{text{w}}} } right) gg 1)&lt;/span&gt;. We identify particular wetting states with the form of the corresponding capillary pressure used to simulate that system. It has long been known that the broad effect of capillarity is to act like a nonlinear diffusion term in the two-phase flow equations, denoted here as &lt;span&gt;(D(S_{w} ))&lt;/span&gt;. Therefore, the addition of capillary pressure, &lt;span&gt;(P_{c} (S_{w} ))&lt;/span&gt;, into the equations acts as a damping or stabilisation term on viscous fingering, where it is the &lt;i&gt;derivative&lt;/i&gt; of this quantity that is important, i.e. &lt;span&gt;(D(S_{w} )simleft( {dP_{c} (S_{w} )/dS_{w} } right))&lt;/span&gt;. If this capillary effect is sufficiently large, then we expect that the viscous fingering to be completely damped, and linear stability theory has supported this view. However, no convincing numerical simulations have been presented showing this effect clearly for systems of different wettability, due to the problem of simulating realistic immiscible fingering in the first place (i.e. for the viscous-dominated case where &lt;span&gt;(P_{c} = 0)&lt;/span&gt;). Since we already have a good method for numerically generating complex realistic immiscible fingering for the &lt;span&gt;(P_{c} = 0)&lt;/span&gt; case, we are able for the first time to present a study examining both the viscous-dominated limit and the gradual change in the viscous/capillary force balance. This force balance also depends on the physical size of the system as well as on the length scale of the capillary damping. To address these issues, scaling theory is applied, using the classical approach of Rapport (1955), to study this scaling in a systematic manner. In this paper, we show that the effect of wettability/capillarity on immiscible viscous fingering is somewhat more complex and interesting than the (broadly correct) qualitative description above. From a “lab-scale” base case 2D water → oil displacement showing clear immiscible viscous fingering which we have already matched very well using our numerical method, we examine the effects of introducing either a water wet (WW) or an oil wet (OW) capillary pressure, of diff","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-023-02034-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Ensemble Analysis of Fluid Flow in Porous Media Across Simulation Codes and Experiment","authors":"Ruben Bauer,&nbsp;Quynh Quang Ngo,&nbsp;Guido Reina,&nbsp;Steffen Frey,&nbsp;Bernd Flemisch,&nbsp;Helwig Hauser,&nbsp;Thomas Ertl,&nbsp;Michael Sedlmair","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02019-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02019-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the question of how visual analysis can support the comparison of spatio-temporal ensemble data of liquid and gas flow in porous media. To this end, we focus on a case study, in which nine different research groups concurrently simulated the process of injecting CO<span>(_2)</span> into the subsurface. We explore different data aggregation and interactive visualization approaches to compare and analyze these nine simulations. In terms of data aggregation, one key component is the choice of similarity metrics that define the relationship between different simulations. We test different metrics and find that using the machine-learning model “S4” (tailored to the present study) as metric provides the best visualization results. Based on that, we propose different visualization methods. For overviewing the data, we use dimensionality reduction methods that allow us to plot and compare the different simulations in a scatterplot. To show details about the spatio-temporal data of each individual simulation, we employ a space-time cube volume rendering. All views support linking and brushing interaction to allow users to select and highlight subsets of the data simultaneously across multiple views. We use the resulting interactive, multi-view visual analysis tool to explore the nine simulations and also to compare them to data from experimental setups. Our main findings include new insights into ranking of simulation results with respect to experimental data, and the development of gravity fingers in simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-023-02019-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic Validation of a Pore Network Model for Hygric Properties of Porous Materials","authors":"Daan Deckers,&nbsp;Hans Janssen","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02035-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02035-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a pore network model, microscopic moisture storage and transport processes are modeled at pore level after which this information is extrapolated to obtain macroscopic properties describing the material’s moisture behavior. Such a model is typically validated by comparing measured and simulated macroscopic properties. However, due to the uncertainty associated with the experimental property determination, a possibly incorrect description of the model’s microscopic processes can be overlooked. Assessing the model’s ability to correctly simulate the moisture behavior at pore level is therefore required for its complete validation. To this aim, the moisture stored in the individual pores of unsaturated materials is imaged with the help of X-ray computed tomography images and compared to the moisture distribution simulated with a pore network model. The acquired X-ray computed tomography images clearly show the evolution of the drying process, wherein emptied pores retain water in their irregularly shaped corners. While some corners do not store any moisture, others allow a maximum of 10 % of the pore’s volume to be filled with corner islands. By comparing these images with the pore network model, however, it becomes clear that the amount of water, trapped in these pore corners is heavily overestimated in the model’s current implementation. Since this implementation is commonly used in existing pore network models, this paper proves the need of a detailed investigation of the corner islands in real porous media to formulate a different way of calculating moisture storage in pore corners.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Elder Problem with Reactive Infiltration Effects","authors":"Radoslav Hurtiš,&nbsp;Peter Guba,&nbsp;Juraj Kyselica","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02026-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02026-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The occurrence of buoyancy-driven flow and reactive solute transport in a fluid-saturated porous medium can be induced by either natural processes or human activities. Typical examples include the groundwater salinization in carbonate-rock aquifers and the acid treatment of oil wells in petroleum drilling industry. In this paper, the classical Elder problem of buoyancy-driven convection in two-dimensional porous media is extended to include the local chemical interactions between the solute in the pore liquid (e.g. salt such as NaCl or acids such as HCl and HCl/HF mixtures) and the solid space of the porous medium (e.g. minerals such as calcite and dolomite). Effects of the geochemical processes on the flow and mass transport are investigated. For the reactive, strongly solute-driven case in the regime dominated by the diffusive mass transport, a decrease in the net solute concentration is found as compared to the non-reactive case. This decrease is pronounced at higher values of the Damköhler number when the solute reaction rate becomes larger than the solute diffusion rate. Furthermore, the flow structure is affected by products generated by the chemical reaction when the Rayleigh number for the products is sufficiently high. In that case, numerical simulations show the formation of diluted fluid tongues exhibiting damped periodic oscillations about a nonzero mean. The results are obtained using the pseudospectral numerical method, verified against the analytical solution for the non-reactive, purely diffusive case.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11242-023-02026-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135042630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Impact of Two-Phase Flow Pattern on Solvent Vapour Extraction","authors":"Merouane Khammar,&nbsp;Vahid Niasar","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02024-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02024-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Numerical Study of Moisture and Ionic Transport in Unsaturated Concrete by Considering Multi-ions Coupling Effect","authors":"Zhaozheng Meng,&nbsp;Yufei Zhang,&nbsp;Wei-kang Chen,&nbsp;Chuan-qing Fu,&nbsp;Qing Xiang Xiong,&nbsp;Cheng-lin Zhang,&nbsp;Qing-feng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02011-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02011-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the transport mechanisms within unsaturated porous media is essential to the durability problems associated with cement-based materials. However, the involvement of multi-ions electrochemical coupling effect, especially under unsaturated condition makes the transport mechanisms even more complex. In this study, the moisture and multi-ionic transport in unsaturated concrete have been modeled in three-dimensional cases. The contribution from both water vapor and liquid has been considered in moisture transport. By adopting the constitutive electrochemical law, the electrostatic potential induced by inherent charge imbalance was calculated. With parameter calibration, the numerical results agreed well with the experimental data, proving the validity of the presented model. Results from a parametric analysis showed that neglecting multi-ions coupling effect will lead to an underestimated chloride concentration, and saturated degree has an obvious impact on the coupling strength among different ions. In addition, the existence of coarse aggregates will not only block mass transport but also make the discrepancies between two-dimensional model and three-dimensional model results more obvious. Other findings which have not been reported in existing studies are also highlighted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136234013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Upconing in Underground Hydrogen Storage: Sensitivity Analysis to Inform Design of Withdrawal","authors":"Curtis M. Oldenburg,&nbsp;Stefan Finsterle,&nbsp;Robert C. Trautz","doi":"10.1007/s11242-023-02033-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11242-023-02033-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The gas–water interface in Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) reservoirs creates the possibility that water will upcone to the well during hydrogen (H₂) withdrawal with detrimental impacts. We study the upconing of water to a hydrogen injection/withdrawal (I/W) well using both an analytical solution and numerical simulation. We carried out sensitivity analyses of the engineered properties (e.g., distance of well bottom to gas–water interface, withdrawal rate) and the intrinsic properties (e.g., reservoir permeability, porosity) of an idealized UHS system. Horizontal permeability is the main parameter controlling the height of upconing. Daily I/W cycles to some degree mitigate upconing because injection pushes down the gas–water interface. Sampling-based global sensitivity analyses show clearly that reservoirs with large horizontal permeability are preferred for avoiding upconing. Minimizing withdrawal rate and maximizing either the distance from well to gas–water interface or the length of the perforated well interval are important engineering controls to minimize upconing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":804,"journal":{"name":"Transport in Porous Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136377310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}