{"title":"Methods for Direct Reductive N-Methylation of Nitro Compounds","authors":"Zhijie Jiang, Evan Abdulkareem Mahmood, Nazanin Zare Harofteh, Abdol Ghaffar Ebadi, Mohsen Toughani, Esmail Vessally","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00382-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00382-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Direct reductive <i>N</i>-methylation of inexpensive and readily available nitro compounds as raw material feedstocks is more attractive and straightforward compared with conventional <i>N</i>-methylation of amines to prepare biologically and pharmaceutically important <i>N</i>-methylated amine derivatives. This strategy for synthesis of <i>N</i>-methylamines avoids prepreparation of NH-free amines and therefore significantly shortens the separation and purification steps. In recent years, numerous methylating agents and catalytic systems have been reported for this appealing transformation. Thus, it is an appropriate time to summarize such advances. This review elaborates on the most important discoveries and advances in this research arena, with special emphasis on the mechanistic aspect of reactions that may provide new insights into catalyst improvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42124644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Haese, Kai Winterhalter, Jessica Jung, Magnus S. Schmidt
{"title":"Like Visiting an Old Friend: Fischer Glycosylation in the Twenty-First Century: Modern Methods and Techniques","authors":"Matteo Haese, Kai Winterhalter, Jessica Jung, Magnus S. Schmidt","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00383-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00383-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fischer glycosylation is typically the chemical reaction of a monosaccharide and an alcohol in presence of an acidic catalyst to afford glycosides in pyranosidic and furanosidic forms. This reaction is still applied today for the synthesis of specialized glycosides, and optimization and modification of the method have continued since its discovery by Emil Fischer in the 1890s. This review presents advancements in Fischer glycosylation described in literature of the past 15 years and its implementation in modern chemical methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41061-022-00383-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90731039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan Gao, Songwei Jiang, Nian-Dong Mao, Huan Xiang, Ji-Long Duan, Xiang-Yang Ye, Li-Wei Wang, Yang Ye, Tian Xie
{"title":"Recent Progress in Fragmentation of Katritzky Salts Enabling Formation of C–C, C–B, and C–S Bonds","authors":"Yuan Gao, Songwei Jiang, Nian-Dong Mao, Huan Xiang, Ji-Long Duan, Xiang-Yang Ye, Li-Wei Wang, Yang Ye, Tian Xie","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00381-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00381-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since their discovery in 1970s, Katritzky salts have emerged as one of the most important classes of building blocks for use in organic synthesis and drug discovery. These bulky pyridinium salts derived from alkylamine can readily generate alkyl radical and undergo a variety of organic transformation reactions such as alkylation, arylation, alkenylation, alkynylation, carbonylation, sulfonylation, and borylation. Through these transformations, complexed molecules bearing new C–C, C–B, or C–S bonds can be constructed in easy ways and in simple steps. This review aims to summarize recent advances in these versatile building blocks in well-classified categories. Representative examples and their reaction mechanisms are discussed. The hope is to provide the scientific community with convenient access to collective information and accelerate further research.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41813355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Molecular Diversity of 1H-Indole-3-Carbaldehyde Derivatives and Their Role in Multicomponent Reactions","authors":"Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Samira Hasani, Fatemeh Mohajer, Rajender S. Varma, Fatemeh Rafiee","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00379-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00379-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>1<i>H</i>-Indole-3-carbaldehyde and related members of the indole family are ideal precursors for the synthesis of active molecules. 1<i>H</i>-Indole-3-carbaldehyde and its derivatives are essential and efficient chemical precursors for generating biologically active structures. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) offer access to complex molecules. This review highlights the recent applications of 1<i>H</i>-indole-3-carbaldehyde in such inherently sustainable multicomponent reactions from the period, 2014 to 2021 and provides an overview of the field that awaits further exploitation in the assembly of pharmaceutically interesting scaffolds.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42448043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photon Upconversion Systems Based on Triplet–Triplet Annihilation as Photosensitizers for Chemical Transformations","authors":"Raúl Pérez-Ruiz","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00378-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00378-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photon upconversion (UC) based on triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA) is considered one of the most attractive methodologies for switching wavelengths from lower to higher energy. This two-photon process, which requires the involvement of a bimolecular system, has been widely used in numerous fields such as bioimaging, solar cells, displays, drug delivery, and so on. In the last years, we have witnessed the harnessing of this concept by the organic community who have developed new strategies for synthetic purposes. Interestingly, the generation of high-energetic species by this phenomenon has provided the opportunity not only to photoredox activate compounds with high-energy demanding bonds, expanding the reactivity window that lies outside the energy window of the initial irradiation wavelength, but also to sensitized conventional photocatalysts through energy transfer processes even employing infrared irradiation. Herein, an overview of the principal examples found in literature is described where TTA–UC systems are found to be suitable photosensitizers for several chemical transformations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4810161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanchen Li, Qinhua Chen, Xiaoyan Pan, Wen Lu, Jie Zhang
{"title":"Development and Challenge of Fluorescent Probes for Bioimaging Applications: From Visualization to Diagnosis","authors":"Yanchen Li, Qinhua Chen, Xiaoyan Pan, Wen Lu, Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00376-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00376-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluorescent probes have been used widely in bioimaging, including biological substance detection, cell imaging, in vivo biochemical reaction process tracking, and disease biomarker monitoring, and have gradually occupied an indispensable position. Compared with traditional biological imaging technologies, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the attractive advantages of fluorescent probes, such as real-time imaging, in-depth visualization, and less damage to biological samples, have made them increasingly popular. Among them, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) fluorescent probes still occupy the mainstream in the field of fluorescent probes due to the advantages of available structure, simple synthesis, strong versatility, and wide application. In recent years, fluorescent probes have become an indispensable tool for bioimaging and have greatly promoted the development of diagnostics. In this review, we focus on the structure, design strategies, advantages, representative probes and latest discoveries in application fields of UV–visible fluorescent probes developed in the past 3–5 years based on several fluorophores. We look forward to future development trends of fluorescent probes from the perspective of bioimaging and diagnostics. This comprehensive review may facilitate the development of more powerful fluorescent sensors for broad and exciting applications in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41061-022-00376-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4482172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Zorin, Lukas Klenk, Tonia Mack, Hans-Peter Deigner, Magnus S. Schmidt
{"title":"Current Synthetic Approaches to the Synthesis of Carbasugars from Non-Carbohydrate Sources","authors":"Alexandra Zorin, Lukas Klenk, Tonia Mack, Hans-Peter Deigner, Magnus S. Schmidt","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00370-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00370-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbasugars are a group of carbohydrate derivatives in which the ring oxygen is replaced by a methylene group, producing a molecule with a nearly identical structure but highly different behavior. Over time, this definition has been extended to include other unsaturated cyclohexenols and carba-, di-, and polysaccharides. Such molecules can be found in bacterial strains and the human body, acting as neurotransmitters (e.g., inositol trisphosphate). In science, there are a wide range of research areas that are affected by, and involve, carbasugars, such as studies on enzyme inhibition, lectin-binding, and even HIV and cancer treatment. In this review article, different methods for synthesizing carbasugars, their derivatives, and similar cyclohexanes presenting comparable characteristics are summarized and evaluated, utilizing diverse starting materials and synthetic procedures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41061-022-00370-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4380443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research Progress of FeSe-based Superconductors Containing Ammonia/Organic Molecules Intercalation","authors":"Han-Shu Xu, Shusheng Wu, Hui Zheng, Ruotong Yin, Yuanji Li, Xiaoxiong Wang, Kaibin Tang","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00368-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00368-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an important part of Fe-based superconductors, FeSe-based superconductors have become a hot field in condensed matter physics. The exploration and preparation of such superconducting materials form the basis of studying their physical properties. With the help of various alkali/alkaline-earth/rare-earth metals, different kinds of ammonia/organic molecules have been intercalated into the FeSe layer to form a large number of FeSe-based superconductors with diverse structures and different layer spacing. Metal cations can effectively provide carriers to the superconducting FeSe layer, thus significantly increasing the superconducting transition temperature. The orientation of organic molecules often plays an important role in structural modification and can be used to fine-tune superconductivity. This review introduces the crystal structures and superconducting properties of several typical FeSe-based superconductors containing ammonia/organic molecules intercalation discovered in recent years, and the effects of FeSe layer spacing and superconducting transition temperature are briefly summarized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4207417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui-Min Ren, Hong-Wei Wang, Yuan-Fan Jiang, Zhi-Xiong Tao, Chen-Yu Mu, Gang Li
{"title":"Proton Conductive Lanthanide-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks: Synthesis Strategies, Structural Features, and Recent Progress","authors":"Hui-Min Ren, Hong-Wei Wang, Yuan-Fan Jiang, Zhi-Xiong Tao, Chen-Yu Mu, Gang Li","doi":"10.1007/s41061-022-00367-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-022-00367-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the fields of proton exchange membrane fuel cells as well as impedance recognition, molecular sieve, and biochemistry, the development of proton conductive materials is essential. The design and preparation of the next generation of proton conductive materials—crystalline metal–organic framework (MOF) materials with high proton conductivity and excellent water stability—are facing great challenges. Due to the large radius and high positive charge of lanthanides, they often interact with organic ligands to exhibit high coordination numbers and flexible coordination configurations, resulting in the higher stability of lanthanide-based MOFs (Ln-MOFs) than their transition metal analogues, especially regarding water stability. Therefore, Ln-MOFs have attracted considerable attention. This review offers a view of the latest progress of proton conductive Ln-MOFs, including synthesis strategy, structural characteristics, and advantages, proton conductivity, proton conductive mechanism, and applications. More importantly, by discussing structure–property relationships, we searched for and analyzed design techniques and directions of development of Ln-MOFs in the future.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>The latest progress of synthesis strategy, structural characteristics, proton conductive properties and mechanism and applications on Ln-MOFs.<i> Ln-MOFS</i> Lanthanide-based MOFs,<i> MOF</i> metal–organic framework,<i> PEMFC</i> proton exchange membrane fuel cells</p>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4156871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single-Atoms on Covalent or Metal–Organic Frameworks: Current Findings and Perspectives for Pollutants Abatement, Hydrogen Evolution, and Reduction of CO2","authors":"Shadpour Mallakpour, Fariba Sirous, Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00363-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41061-021-00363-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, attention to single-atoms and also porous structures like metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) for the preparation of high-performance material is expanding rapidly. These dazzling materials with unprecedented properties have lots of applications, especially as promising catalysts for organic pollutants abatement, hydrogen evolution, reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>, etc. To provide an in-depth understanding, in this mini-review, we begin with a brief description and a general background about single-atoms, COFs, as well as MOFs. After considering some fundamentals, the synergism effects, advantages, and their applications are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"380 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41061-021-00363-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5031452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}