{"title":"Nutritional and Metabolic Control of Ferroptosis.","authors":"Eikan Mishima, M. Conrad","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-114541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-114541","url":null,"abstract":"Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death characterized by an excessive lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes caused by the disruption of the antioxidant defense system and/or an imbalanced cellular metabolism. Ferroptosis differentiates from other forms of regulated cell death in that several metabolic pathways and nutritional aspects, including endogenous antioxidants (such as coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, and di/tetrahydrobiopterin), iron handling, energy sensing, selenium utilization, amino acids, and fatty acids, directly regulate the cells' sensitivity to lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. As hallmarks of ferroptosis have been documented in a variety of diseases, including neurodegeneration, acute organ injury, and therapy-resistant tumors, the modulation of ferroptosis using pharmacological tools or by metabolic reprogramming holds great potential for the treatment of ferroptosis-associated diseases and cancer therapy. Hence, this review focuses on the regulation of ferroptosis by metabolic and nutritional cues and discusses the potential of nutritional interventions for therapy by targeting ferroptosis. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 42 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46397488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Oscillating Gut Microbiome and Its Effects on Host Circadian Biology.","authors":"Lev Litichevskiy, Christoph A. Thaiss","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-111321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-111321","url":null,"abstract":"The microbial community colonizing the gastrointestinal tract, collectively termed the gut microbiota, is an important element of the host organism due to its impact on multiple aspects of health. The digestion of food, secretion of immunostimulatory molecules, performance of chemical reactions in the intestine, and production of metabolites by the microbiota contribute to host homeostasis and disease. Recent discoveries indicate that these major functions are not constantly performed over the course of a day, but rather undergo diurnal fluctuations due to compositional and biogeographical oscillations in the microbiota. Here, we summarize the characteristics and origins of diurnal microbiome rhythms as well as their functional consequences for the circadian biology of the host. We describe the major known pathways of circadian host-microbiome communication and discuss possible implications of altered diurnal microbiome rhythms for human disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 42 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44006669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Female Career in Research.","authors":"K. Flegal","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-103411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-103411","url":null,"abstract":"After a long career at the National Center for Health Statistics, I retired and joined the Stanford Prevention Research Center as an unpaid associate. I was once described by a former US Food and Drug Administration commissioner as \"one of the great epidemiologists.\" The chair of the Harvard nutrition department, speaking on National Public Radio, once described my research as \"rubbish.\" Both may be exaggerations. Here I address some of the events that led to these contrasting descriptions. I also address the extent to which the so-called Matilda effect may have influenced my career. Are women in science on an equal footing with men? The Matilda effect suggests not. Unlike the Matthew effect for scientists, whereby those of higher prestige accrue a disproportionate share of recognition and rewards, the Matilda effect proposes that women scientists are systematically undervalued and underrecognized. I could never get a faculty job and was often treated like an underling. Nonetheless I persevered to publish highly cited research on several high-profile and sometimes controversial topics. Though overt sexism in science and workplaces has diminished over the course of my career, progress toward eliminating unconscious bias has been slower. The Matthew and Matilda effects are still powerful forces that distort incentives and rewards in science. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 42 is August 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41599663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2021-10-11Epub Date: 2021-08-06DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437
Elaine M Glenny, Michael F Coleman, Erin D Giles, Elizabeth A Wellberg, Stephen D Hursting
{"title":"Designing Relevant Preclinical Rodent Models for Studying Links Between Nutrition, Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer.","authors":"Elaine M Glenny, Michael F Coleman, Erin D Giles, Elizabeth A Wellberg, Stephen D Hursting","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-120420-032437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet and nutrition are intricately related to cancer prevention, growth, and treatment response. Preclinical rodent models are a cornerstone to biomedical research and remain instrumental in our understanding of the relationship between cancer and diet and in the development of effective therapeutics. However, the success rate of translating promising findings from the bench to the bedside is suboptimal. Well-designed rodent models will be crucial to improving the impact basic science has on clinical treatment options. This review discusses essential experimental factors to consider when designing a preclinical cancer model with an emphasis on incorporatingthese models into studies interrogating diet, nutrition, and metabolism. The aims of this review are to (<i>a</i>) provide insight into relevant considerations when designing cancer models for obesity, nutrition, and metabolism research; (<i>b</i>) identify common pitfalls when selecting a rodent model; and (<i>c</i>) discuss strengths and limitations of available preclinical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"41 ","pages":"253-282"},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8900211/pdf/nihms-1785130.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9951889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2021-10-11Epub Date: 2021-06-11DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124228
William S Blaner, Igor O Shmarakov, Maret G Traber
{"title":"Vitamin A and Vitamin E: Will the Real Antioxidant Please Stand Up?","authors":"William S Blaner, Igor O Shmarakov, Maret G Traber","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124228","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin A, acting through its metabolite, all-<i>trans</i>-retinoic acid, is a potent transcriptional regulator affecting expression levels of hundreds of genes through retinoic acid response elements present within these genes. However, the literature is replete with claims that consider vitamin A to be an antioxidant vitamin, like vitamins C and E. This apparent contradiction in the understanding of how vitamin A acts mechanistically within the body is a major focus of this review. Vitamin E, which is generally understood to act as a lipophilic antioxidant protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids present in membranes, is often proposed to be a transcriptional regulator. The evaluation of this claim is another focus of the review. We conclude that vitamin A is an indirect antioxidant, whose indirect function is to transcriptionally regulate a number of genes involved in mediating the body's canonical antioxidant responses. Vitamin E, in addition to being a direct antioxidant, prevents the increase of peroxidized lipids that alter both metabolic pathways and gene expression profiles within tissues and cells. However, there is little compelling evidence that vitamin E has a direct transcriptional mechanism like that of vitamin A. Thus, we propose that the term antioxidant not be applied to vitamin A, and we discourage the use of the term transcriptional mediator when discussing vitamin E.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"41 ","pages":"105-131"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9704486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hylde Zirpoli, Chuchun L Chang, Yvon A Carpentier, Adina T Michael-Titus, Vadim S Ten, Richard J Deckelbaum
{"title":"Novel Approaches for Omega-3 Fatty Acid Therapeutics: Chronic Versus Acute Administration to Protect Heart, Brain, and Spinal Cord.","authors":"Hylde Zirpoli, Chuchun L Chang, Yvon A Carpentier, Adina T Michael-Titus, Vadim S Ten, Richard J Deckelbaum","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article reviews novel approaches for omega-3 fatty acid (FA) therapeutics and the linked molecular mechanisms in cardiovascular and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In vitro and in vivo research studies indicate that omega-3 FAs affect synergic mechanisms that include modulation of cell membrane fluidity, regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, and production of bioactive mediators. We compare how chronic and acute treatments with omega-3 FAs differentially trigger pathways of protection in heart, brain, and spinal cord injuries. We also summarize recent omega-3 FA randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses and discuss possible reasons for controversial results, with suggestions on improving the study design for future clinical trials. Acute treatment with omega-3 FAs offers a novel approach for preserving cardiac and neurological functions, and the combinations of acute treatment with chronic administration of omega-3 FAs might represent an additional therapeutic strategy for ameliorating adverse cardiovascular and CNS outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"40 ","pages":"161-187"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38410221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maureen M Black, Angela C B Trude, Chessa K Lutter
{"title":"All Children Thrive: Integration of Nutrition and Early Childhood Development.","authors":"Maureen M Black, Angela C B Trude, Chessa K Lutter","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-120219-023757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120219-023757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Building on the successes of child survival, we review the evidence needed to ensure both that children who survive also thrive and that recommendations promote equity, with no child left behind. To illustrate the critical roles played by nutrition and child development, we revise the Conceptual Framework for the Causes of Malnutrition and Death and the Nurturing Care Framework to create the Conceptual Framework of All Children Surviving and Thriving. The revised framework highlights the goals of child growth and development, supported by health, nutrition, learning, responsive caregiving, and security and safety. We review the challenges posed by undernutrition, stunting, micronutrient deficiencies, overweight, and children not reaching their developmental potential. Although integrated nutrition-childhood development interventions have shown promising effects, most have not been implemented at scale. Implementation science that investigates how and why integrated interventions work in real life, along with the acceptability, feasibility, cost, coverage, and sustainability of the interventions, is needed to ensure equity for all children thriving.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"40 ","pages":"375-406"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120219-023757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38507534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutrition and the 2020 Pandemic.","authors":"Patrick J Stover, Rudi Balling","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nu-40-082120-100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nu-40-082120-100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"40 ","pages":"v-vi"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nu-40-082120-100001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38507536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2020-09-23Epub Date: 2020-07-06DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120919-041411
Xin Erica Shu, Robert V Swanda, Shu-Bing Qian
{"title":"Nutrient Control of mRNA Translation.","authors":"Xin Erica Shu, Robert V Swanda, Shu-Bing Qian","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-120919-041411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120919-041411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of genome-wide analyses to interrogate cellular DNA, RNA, and protein content has revolutionized the study of control networks that mediate cellular homeostasis. mRNA translation represents the last step of genetic flow and primarily defines the proteome. Translational regulation is thus critical for gene expression, in particular under nutrient excess or deficiency. Until recently, it was unclear how the global effects of translational control are orchestrated by nutrient signaling pathways. An emerging concept of translational reprogramming addresses how to maintain the expression of specific proteins during nutrient stress by translation of selective mRNAs. In this review, we describe recent advances in our understanding of translational control principles; nutrient-sensing mechanisms; and their dysregulation in human diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and aging. The mechanistic understanding of translational regulation in response to different nutrient conditions may help identify potential dietary and therapeutic targets to improve human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"40 ","pages":"51-75"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120919-041411","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38124351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annual review of nutritionPub Date : 2020-09-23Epub Date: 2020-07-07DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-120419-015419
Frank Madeo, Sebastian J Hofer, Tobias Pendl, Maria A Bauer, Tobias Eisenberg, Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Guido Kroemer
{"title":"Nutritional Aspects of Spermidine.","authors":"Frank Madeo, Sebastian J Hofer, Tobias Pendl, Maria A Bauer, Tobias Eisenberg, Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Guido Kroemer","doi":"10.1146/annurev-nutr-120419-015419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120419-015419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural polyamines (spermidine and spermine) are small, positively charged molecules that are ubiquitously found within organisms and cells. They exert numerous (intra)cellular functions and have been implicated to protect against several age-related diseases. Although polyamine levels decline in a complex age-dependent, tissue-, and cell type-specific manner, they are maintained in healthy nonagenarians and centenarians. Increased polyamine levels, including through enhanced dietary intake, have been consistently linked to improved health and reduced overall mortality. In preclinical models, dietary supplementation with spermidine prolongs life span and health span. In this review, we highlight salient aspects of nutritional polyamine intake and summarize the current knowledge of organismal and cellular uptake and distribution of dietary (and gastrointestinal) polyamines and their impact on human health. We further summarize clinical and epidemiological studies of dietary polyamines.</p>","PeriodicalId":8009,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of nutrition","volume":"40 ","pages":"135-159"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120419-015419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38126764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}