ACS Applied Polymer Materials最新文献

{"title":"Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile-Based Scaffolds Reinforced with Argopecten purpuratus-Derived CaO for Enhanced Biomedical Functionality","authors":"Pablo Varela,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Fabián Álvarez-Carrasco,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Mauricio Sarabia-Vallejos,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Claudio García-Herrera*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Paula A. Zapata,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Laura Peponi,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Juan José Martinez,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Diana Zárate,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Canales*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c01981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c01981","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds are widely explored for biomedical applications, because of their high porosity and ability to mimic the extracellular matrix. However, synthetic polymers like polyacrylonitrile (PAN), while biocompatible, often require functional enhancement to improve their bioactivity and wound healing capacity. The incorporation of nanoparticles, especially those derived from waste, such as calcium oxide (CaO) from sustainable sources, has been shown to improve the properties of polymer matrices for various biomedical applications. In this study, calcium oxide nanoparticles (n-CaO) derived from <i>Argopecten purpuratus</i> shell waste (18.5 ± 4.5 nm) were incorporated into PAN at 5, 10, and 20 wt % by electrospinning, aiming to develop a sustainable and functional scaffold for tissue engineering and wound healing. The PAN and PAN/CaO matrices were characterized, revealing significant improvement in hydrophilicity and mechanical stability upon CaO incorporation. <i>In vitro</i> studies demonstrated bioactivity through the formation of hydroxyapatite layers and confirmed biocompatibility with human fetal osteoblasts and dermal fibroblasts, along with enhanced cell migration and wound closure rates. <i>In vivo</i> subdermal implantation in BALB/c mice confirmed the biocompatibility of the scaffolds, showing advanced healing and fibrovascular tissue formation. Our result suggested that PAN/CaO with 10 wt % of CaO showed better promise for engineering and wound healing therapies due to its morphological, mechanical, bioactive, and biological parameters for their possible applications. These findings suggest that the combination of waste-derived PAN and n-CaO is a promising and environmentally friendly candidate for applications in tissue engineering and wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12269–12282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Traditional Luminescent Polyurethanes of n–π Electron Hybrid Structures with Varying Separation of Aromatic Rings","authors":"Ziwei Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yingqi Li,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Han Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Nan Jiang*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jiawei Xu*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Dongxia Zhu,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Martin R. Bryce*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02091","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Detailed structure–activity relationships and molecular design criteria for nonconventional and nonconjugated luminescent polymers are still ambiguous. This work reports <i>n</i>–π electron hybrid polyurethane derivatives (<b>PUs</b>) with varying separation of benzene rings in the backbone. Experimental and computational results show that although through-bond conjugation is not the main source of luminescence, the separated benzene rings still modulate the photophysical properties by affecting the molecular conformation and electron transport. Meanwhile, hydrogen bonds and <i>p</i>–π* interactions exert a significant influence on the emission wavelengths by regulating the aggregated-state structures. In <b>PU1</b>, the excited state is predominantly charge transfer. With an increase in the number of benzene rings along the chain, the energy gap between the acceptor π and π* orbitals is reduced; alongside these effects, the modulation from hydrogen bonds and <i>p</i>–π* interactions promotes a transition to LE-dominated states in <b>PU3</b>, which incorporates terphenyl units. Proof-of-concept applications are demonstrated in information transmission and colorful displays. This work enhances the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the excitation-dependent properties of nonconventional polymers and provides a strategy for tuning and exploiting their intrinsic luminescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12337–12344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsapm.5c02091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering PSS-b-PAPEG (Poly(styrenesulfonate)-block-Poly(Allyloxy Polyethylene Glycol)) Block Copolymers for Bicontinuous PEDOT (Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)):PSS Networks: Unlocking Maximum Capacitance via Optimal Block Ratio Tuning","authors":"Qiao Fan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yufei Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chong Chen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Lanlan Wei,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yucheng Yin,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Tingting Luo,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shigui Peng,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Min He*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jie Yu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02279","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This work demonstrates a molecular engineering strategy to optimize the capacitive performance of PEDOT:PSS by precisely controlling the structure of the amphiphilic block copolymer PSS-<i>b</i>-PAPEG (poly(styrenesulfonate)-<i>block</i>-poly(allyloxy polyethylene glycol)). Five copolymers with PSS:PAPEG ratios of 2:1, 1.5:1, 1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2 were synthesized via controlled polymerization and integrated into a PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) matrix. Electrochemical testing revealed that the 1:1 ratio composite exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 32.1 F/g at 1 A/g, attributed to the synergistic effects of microphase-separated dual continuous networks and porous structures. Multiscale characterization (XPS, SEM, TEM, AFM, BET, and contact angle measurements) revealed that the 1:1 ratio forms optimal conductive pathways, interfacial doping, and ionic diffusion channels. This study establishes that block ratio engineering is an effective method for balancing conductivity and ionic pathways in conductive polymer-based supercapacitor electrode materials, providing a theoretical basis for high-performance energy storage materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12427–12440"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymer Molecular Weight as a Tuning Parameter for Enhancing CO2 Separation Performance in Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes","authors":"Sarang Ismail,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ahmad Arabi Shamsabadi,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jarod Harris,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Taylor Adams,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Semih Gulec,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Brousseau,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Siamak Nejati,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Mona Bavarian*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02276","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The molecular weight (MW) of polymers is among the parameters defining the self-organization of polymeric mixtures and complex fluids. Herein, we investigated the role of the MW of the support, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), on CO₂ sorption and permeation within supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs), prepared from a mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM][Tf2N]) and PVDF. We demonstrate direct correlations between polymer MW, crystallinity, morphology, and CO₂ interaction dynamics. It is noted that the use of low MW PVDF significantly enhances the CO₂ sorption capacity of the prepared SILMs, reaching three-fold higher values when compared with that of the free IL. Additionally, morphological analysis reveals that a 1:1 polymer-to-ionic liquid mass ratio (i.e., 50 wt % IL) facilitates the formation of the β-phase of PVDF, a polymorph with superior CO₂ affinity. The gas transport properties of the films are studied, and a CO₂ permeability of 22,100 ± 3110 barrer and a CO₂/N₂ ideal selectivity of 16 are measured.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12441–12449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable pH-Responsive Release Kinetics of Doxorubicin from Iron Oxide-Loaded Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers for Localized Drug Delivery","authors":"Dayae Kang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ji Ha Lee*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Azeem Ullah,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Gopiraman Mayakrishnan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chieri Inada,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Tomoki Nishimura,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jungsoon Lee*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Ick Soo Kim*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02631","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers incorporating Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were fabricated via electrospinning for the pH-responsive delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). The nanofiber morphology, surface wettability, chemical composition, and crystallinity were analyzed using FE-SEM, water contact angle measurements, FT-IR spectroscopy, and XRD, respectively. The incorporation of iron oxide nanoparticles altered the fiber diameter while maintaining the overall structural integrity of the CA matrix. The incorporation of iron oxide significantly enhanced DOX loading efficiency, with 2 wt % Fe₃O₄ nanofibers achieving the highest loading capacity. Drug release studies revealed sustained DOX release under physiological conditions (pH 7.2), governed by diffusion mechanisms, and accelerated release under acidic conditions (pH 5.0), associated with polymer relaxation and erosion. Nanofibers containing 2 wt % Fe₂O₃ and 2 wt % Fe₃O₄ exhibited optimal pH-responsive release profiles, maintained structural stability, and demonstrated favorable morphology. Cytotoxicity assays using CT26 cells confirmed the biological activity of DOX released from the nanofibers, demonstrating significant cancer cell suppression under tumor-mimicking acidic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12732–12742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible Sensing Materials for Smart Healthcare: Fabrication and Performance Characterization of Antibacterial BC/PVA–PAA-TA-PEDOT-S Hydrogels","authors":"Tingting Luo,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Lanlan Wei,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Nana Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yufei Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shigui Peng,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Qiao Fan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shuhao Qin,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Min He*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Heng Luo*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jie Yu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02359","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The demand for high-performance hydrogels in flexible sensors is growing, yet achieving stretchability, conductivity, sensory capabilities, and antimicrobial properties in a simple fabrication process remains challenging. This study integrates bacterial cellulose (BC) into a PVA/PAA/TA/PEDOT-S hydrogel system, addressing the trade-off between mechanical flexibility and electrical performance. With 18 wt % BC, the hydrogel achieved conductivity &gt;11.25 S/cm, a tensile strength of 0.50 MPa (up from 0.16 MPa), and an elongation at break of 930.31% (up from 466.58%). The hydrogel demonstrated excellent strain sensitivity for motion detection, biocompatibility (&gt;95% cell viability), and antibacterial activity, particularly against <i>S. aureus</i>. These findings highlight BC’s synergistic role in developing multifunctional hydrogels, offering a scalable approach for high-performance flexible electronics and wearable health monitoring technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12520–12529"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Regulation of Ion Transport via Photothermal Heating in Azobenzene-Based Polymer Networks","authors":"Eun Suk Lee,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Brandon C. Jeong,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Parham Ghasemiahangarani,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Kimberly Meléndez-Bonet,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Longmei Ge,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Theresa Schoetz*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Antonia Statt*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Alexa S. Kuenstler*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02412","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Azobenzene, a versatile molecule capable of reversible photoswitching between its <i>trans</i> and <i>cis</i> isomers upon exposure to specific wavelengths of light, presents unique opportunities to amplify molecular-level transformations into macroscopic property changes in polymers. Herein, we report an approach for modulating ionic conductivity in polymer networks using light by incorporating azobenzene photoswitches as pendant groups within poly(ethylene glycol) ionogels. While previous reports show that photoisomerization affects ion transport via changes in molecular interactions, we find that the photothermal effect dominates ionic conductivity modulation in polymer networks, enabling rapid and reversible conductivity enhancements under both UV and visible light. Our findings demonstrate a reversible enhancement of ionic conductivity by 40 to 110%, driven by localized heating from light-absorbing azobenzene moieties. These findings highlight promising implications for applications in flexible batteries, sensors, and actuators, where light-driven control of ion transport could offer advantages in device design and performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12540–12549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorless Triphenylamine-Based Polymers for Multicolor Electrochromism and Energy Storage Devices","authors":"Qianfeng Guo,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ziyan Duan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jiuzhou Cui,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xingxing Song,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yiying Han,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jian Liu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02403","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Electrochromic triphenylamine-based materials have emerged as promising candidates for smart windows and energy storage devices due to their reversible redox activity and color-switching properties. This study reported three triphenylamine-based monomers, namely, 4,4′-(1,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-1<i>H</i>-phenanthro[9,10-<span>d</span>]imidazole-6,9-diyl)bis(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diphenylaniline) (<b>FTPA</b>), 4,4′-(1,2-diphenyl-1<i>H</i>-phenanthro[9,10-<span>d</span>]imidazole-6,9-diyl)bis(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diphenylaniline) (<b>PTPA</b>), and 4,4′-(1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1<i>H</i>-phenanthro[9,10-<span>d</span>]imidazole-6,9-diyl)bis(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diphenyl aniline) (<b>OTPA</b>) and their electrochemical polymerization to prepare polymer thin films, namely, <b>PFTPA</b>, <b>PPTPA</b>, and <b>POTPA</b> for electrochromism and energy storage. The present polymers used as anodic electrochromic materials appeared colorless in the neutral state and exhibited multicolor electrochromism. Among them, <b>POTPA</b> exhibited the highest coloration efficiency (337.6 cm²/C) and rapid switching kinetics (0.31 s for coloring and 0.32 s for bleaching) at 765 nm, albeit with moderate cycling stability. <b>PFTPA</b> demonstrated balanced performance, retaining &gt;90% optical contrast after 150 cycles. Moreover, electrochromic energy storage devices based on these polymer thin films were fabricated, which displayed synchronized color transitions and energy storage capabilities, and powered light emitting diodes (LEDs) effectively. The findings highlighted the critical role of molecular design in optimizing electrochromic performance and underscored the potential of triphenylamine polymers in multifunctional smart technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12530–12539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible and Near-Infrared Electrochromic Polyamides and Polyimides Featuring a Phenothiazine-Triphenylamine Star-Shaped Architecture","authors":"Yu-Cheng Zhuang,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Sheng-Huei Hsiao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02178","url":null,"abstract":"<p >An aromatic diamine monomer featuring a phenothiazine<span>-</span>triphenylamine starburst structure, referred to as 3,7-bis-[4-amino-4′-methoxydiphenylamino]-10-(4-(di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)phenothiazine (<b>4</b>), has been synthesized. This led to the formation of electroactive aromatic polyamides (<b>6a</b> and <b>6b</b>) and polyimides (<b>8a</b> and <b>8b</b>) through polycondensation reactions with the appropriate dicarboxylic acid and dianhydride monomers. The resulting polymers show excellent solubility in a range of organic solvents and exhibit remarkable thermal stability, with negligible weight loss noted up to 450 °C and high glass transition temperatures between 248 and 280 °C. During the first cyclic voltammetry (CV) scan, the polymers reveal four redox couples across a potential range of 0 to 1.6 V, exhibiting a color transition from pale orange at 0.47 V to purple-blue at 0.74 V, and finally to a deep purple-blue between 1.0 and 1.6 V. These polymers demonstrate outstanding redox and electrochromic stability, achieving a high coloring efficiency of up to 246 cm²/C in both the first and second oxidation states. Notably, no significant loss in current density in the CV curves or optical contrast of the polymer films was observed after 1200 switching cycles. Furthermore, they demonstrate intense near-infrared absorption at approximately 1043 nm upon oxidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12367–12377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsapm.5c02178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas-Foaming Preparation of Fast Fading Porous Photochromic Hydrogels for Information Switching","authors":"Sha Long,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yanghang Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yu Jiang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yuting Xue,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Feiyue Zhou,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Dan Yu*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Wei Wang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02646","url":null,"abstract":"<p >At present, inorganic photochromic hydrogels have aroused great interest among researchers and have shown great application prospects in the intelligent display field of optical information switching. However, long coloring and self-bleaching times have greatly limited their development. In this paper, the photochromic unit ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate (Mo) was embedded in a network of polyacrylamide. Pore creation via confinement of the decomposition gas from fixed sodium bicarbonate (SB) yielded a porous photochromic hydrogel. The porous hydrogel possessed macro-sized pores of 500–800 μm and exhibited rapid photoresponse and self-bleaching properties. The resulting porous hydrogel underwent a photochromic reaction after 40 s of UV light exposure. Simultaneously, the blue-green hydrogel returned to its initial color state within 1 h under natural conditions (indoors; temperature: 25 °C; light intensity: 22 W/m²). This shows that the porous hydrogels have good reversibility. Compared with other photochromic hydrogels mixed with ammonium molybdate, the prepared porous hydrogels have good advantages. The as-prepared hydrogel exhibits excellent reversible repeatability, elasticity, and stable ultraviolet light response. In summary, its good stability and outstanding reversible repeatability make it a potential material for optical information switching, ink-free printing, information encryption, and rewritable systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 18","pages":"12695–12706"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}