Annals of Applied Biology最新文献

{"title":"Interaction among growth cycle, photosynthesis, and nodule enzymatic activity in Phaseolus vulgaris L. inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899","authors":"Heloisa da Silva Baldinotti,&nbsp;Mariana Passos da Conceição,&nbsp;Yanka Rocha Kondo,&nbsp;Enderson Petronio de Brito Ferreira,&nbsp;Mariangela Hungria,&nbsp;Glaciela Kaschuk","doi":"10.1111/aab.70142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Common bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) exhibits lower rates of biological N₂ fixation (BNF) than other legumes and often relies on nitrogen (N) fertilizers to maintain yields. Since BNF is supported by photosynthesis, there is ongoing debate about whether super-early-cycle cultivars can support the photosynthetic costs associated with BNF. We hypothesized that inoculation with an efficient <i>Rhizobium</i> strain would directly enhance nodule activity and BNF and indirectly stimulate photosynthesis across common bean cultivars. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using three cultivars with different growth cycles: BRS FC104 (super-early, 65 days), BRS Pontal (intermediate, 87 days), and BRS Vereda (long, 93 days). Plants were subjected to one of three treatments: (1) no inoculation or N fertilization, (2) N fertilization without inoculation, or (3) inoculation with <i>Rhizobium</i> <i>tropici</i> CIAT 899. At growth stages V4 and R6, we measured photosynthesis rates, shoot and root biomass, petiole N-ureides, leaf N content, soluble sugars, and nodule enzyme activities (GS and GOGAT). Inoculation increased nodule enzymatic activity (e.g., GOGAT at R6: 6.8 μmol NADH min⁻¹ in inoculated plants, compared with 5.3 in control and 4.8 in N-fertilized plants), indicating enhanced BNF. The intermediate-cycle cultivar BRS Pontal showed the highest N-ureide accumulation, even under N fertilization (37.7 nmol g⁻¹, compared with 15.2 in BRS FC104 and 17.0 in BRS Vereda). Thus, BRS Vereda could serve as a model for future studies aimed at improving BNF in common beans. Under the conditions of this study, super-early cycle BRS FC104 sustained BNF at levels comparable to those observed in the intermediate- (BRS Pontal) and long-cycle (BRS Vereda) cultivars. Overall, inoculation increased both photosynthesis and nodule activity, regardless of growth cycle length.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus: A persistent seed-borne threat to cucurbits","authors":"Esperanza Gea-Caballero,&nbsp;Miguel A. Aranda","doi":"10.1111/aab.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV; <i>Tobamovirus viridimaculae</i>, <i>Virgaviridae</i>) is a mechanically transmitted plant virus that poses a major threat to cucurbit (cucumber, watermelon, melon and squash, among others) production worldwide. Its virions are rigid, non-enveloped, rod-shaped particles (~300 nm × 18 nm) composed of helically arranged monomers of the coat protein (CP) which encapsidate a positive-sense (+) single-stranded RNA genome (~6.4 kb). The CGMMV (+) RNA encodes two replication-associated proteins, a movement protein, and the CP. CGMMV virions are extremely stable and can persist for extended periods in plant debris and on contaminated surfaces. The virus is primarily associated with <i>Cucurbitaceae</i>, but it can infect plants from other families. Two major genetic types are recognized: Clade I and Clade II, often assimilated to European (EU) and Asian (AS) types, respectively, with Clade II isolates typically causing more severe symptoms and spreading globally. Transmission occurs mainly via mechanical contact, including through contaminated soil and tools, irrigation water, and infected seed, with seed-to-seedling transmission ranging widely from &lt;0.1% to ~70%. Infected plants display stunting, foliar mosaic and deformation, and fruit discoloration and malformation, leading to severe economic losses. Resistances are available in commercial cultivars but do not abolish virus multiplication. Effective control requires integrated management combining prevention, rapid detection, and containment. CGMMV also serves as a valuable model for studying molecular interactions between cucurbits and viruses, and for gene functional studies in this plant family.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.70136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From diversity to utility: Agro-morphological and nutritional insights into Vigna species for crop breeding","authors":"Rahul Jahageerdar,&nbsp;Padmavati G. Gore,&nbsp;Jyotsna Verma,&nbsp;Rinky Resma Panda,&nbsp;Rakesh Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Jyoti Kumari,&nbsp;R. K. Pamarthi,&nbsp;Divya Chaudhary,&nbsp;P. K. Singh,&nbsp;Jai Chand Rana,&nbsp;Ramakrishnan M. Nair,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Gautam,&nbsp;Gyanendra Pratap Singh,&nbsp;Kuldeep Tripathi","doi":"10.1111/aab.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The genus <i>Vigna</i> includes several cultivated species, such as cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp.), urdbean (<i>Vigna mungo</i> (L.) Hepper), mungbean (<i>Vigna radiata</i> (L.) Wilczek), mothbean (<i>Vigna aconitifolia</i> (Jacq.) Marechal), adzuki bean (<i>Vigna angularis</i> (Willd) Ohwi and H. Ohashi), and ricebean (<i>Vigna umbellata</i> (Thunb.) Ohwi and H. Ohashi), which face yield losses due to climate change, pests, diseases, and changing cultivation practices. It is crucial to characterise wild species for agro-morphological traits and biochemical traits to identify promising accessions for future <i>Vigna</i> breeding programmes. The present study characterised 12 <i>Vigna</i> species (71 accessions) selected from the entire wild <i>Vigna</i> collection conserved in the National Genebank of India for morphological traits (20 quantitative and 28 qualitative traits) at two locations using an augmented block design (ABD) and eight biochemical traits. Significant differences were observed both within and between species in all quantitative traits. Eight distinct groups were identified by cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) captured 85.18% of the best variation among traits and accessions. Promising accessions were identified for key traits, viz., for early flowering EC1036864—24 days (<i>Vigna subterranea</i>); for the highest pod length IC259504—16.6 cm (<i>Vigna vexillata</i>); for the highest seed weight, EC1036860—81.53 g (<i>V. subterranea</i>); for the highest number of pods per peduncle IC553539—9.7 (<i>V. stipulacea</i>). A significant variation was also observed across various biochemical traits, and PCA explained 83.35% of the variation. Promising accessions were identified for iron content-EC1170496—134.79 ppm (<i>Vigna oblongifolia</i>); zinc content—80.25 ppm EC1170517 (<i>V</i>. <i>unguiculata</i> subsp. <i>stenophylla</i>); and protein content—30.23% —EC1170492 (<i>V</i>. <i>oblongifolia</i>). These elite accessions had great potential to serve as donors for improving cultivated <i>Vigna</i> species, acting as a baseline for domestication, breeding, and improvement, ensuring the future utilisation of wild <i>Vigna</i> genetic resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148174138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A resilient UK edible horticulture sector: Analysis of recent national strategy documents","authors":"Alex Kelly,&nbsp;Rosemary Collier,&nbsp;Richard Napier","doi":"10.1111/aab.70132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is widely recognised that the average UK diet does not meet recommended daily intakes of fruit and vegetables and that this is leading towards considerable additional stress on the UK's healthcare system. At the same time, the United Kingdom produces less home-grown fresh produce each year and the increasing dependence on imports reduces resilience in the UK's food system. The resulting opportunity gap has encouraged many organisations to publish food and farming strategies that focus on, or involve, the UK edible horticulture sector. This paper is a synthesis of these publications with common themes discussed critically. We compiled a synthesis of 11 strategy and advocacy documents involving the edible horticulture sector, including reports to Parliamentary Committees, policy papers and strategy briefings. We have drawn out common and repeated strategic priorities and relate these to contemporary policy developments. Some of these themes have been addressed in recent government policy advances as part of wider considerations, such as The UK government food strategy for England, 2025. Others remain more sector specific. This is the first critical analysis to draw together the views of diverse organisations and to frame priority actions for government. It is imperative that edible horticulture is given more prominence in national strategic thinking and policy making.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.70132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148086247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148075347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148068649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148069628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148067090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148097158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}