Annals of Applied Biology最新文献

{"title":"Microbiome and nutrient dynamics of organic manures for precision NPK management in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)","authors":"Babitha Joseph,&nbsp;Subramanian Babu","doi":"10.1111/aab.12955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12955","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic manure plays an important role in soil fertility, microbial communities and sustainable agricultural strategies. In organic cultivation of crops, manures are mostly used without any calculation of the nutrients added to soil through their application. The quantities of nutrients supplied by the organic manures to the crop have to equalize the quantity of nutrients supplied by inorganic chemical fertilizers, in order to replace chemical fertilizers in organic farming. Since the organic manures release nutrients slowly into the soil over a period of time, the availability of nutrients to the standing crop requires precise estimation. In the present study, the amount of nutrients available in the soil as well as in all the manures was calculated. Moreover, the study included metagenomic analysis of different organic manures used by farmers and gives an insight to the role the microbiome plays in plant growth. Using a formula of STCR-IPNS (soil test crop response integrated plant nutrition system), the quantities of different combinations of organic manures required to supply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) to sunflower plants were calculated. Organic manure combinations using animal bone meal, neem cake, farmyard manure and vermicompost recorded better growth and yield responses in sunflower plants compared to inorganic chemical fertilizers. Based on the estimation of NPK in the individual manures and in the soil, pot experiments were carried out to understand the effect of organic manures as well as inorganic fertilizers in the vegetative and reproductive growth of sunflower.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 2","pages":"181-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professor Peter J. Lea: The man, the scientist","authors":"Ricardo A. Azevedo,&nbsp;Martin A. J. Parry,&nbsp;Alfred J. Keys,&nbsp;Ben J. Miflin,&nbsp;William J. Davies,&nbsp;Adam H. Price,&nbsp;Bertrand Hirel","doi":"10.1111/aab.12956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12956","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Professor Peter John Lea (Figure 1), PhD, Emeritus Professor at Lancaster University, passed away on 16 June 2024. Tributes such as the one by Lancaster University (https://portal.lancaster.ac.uk/intranet/news/article/professor-peter-lea-phd-dsc-liverpool-fibiol), among others, have been paid to him soon after and an announcement was published on the website of &lt;i&gt;Annals of Applied Biology&lt;/i&gt; (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/17447348).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peter was a highly esteemed colleague, former &lt;i&gt;Annals&lt;/i&gt; Senior Editor, and a dear friend. He retired as Emeritus Professor of Lancaster University and was renowned not only in his field, but well beyond.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peter Lea received his BSc, PhD and DSc from the University of Liverpool in the late 1960s. He was a postdoctoral research fellow in the Department of Botany and Microbiology at University College London from 1970 until 1973. Following this he worked for almost 12 years in the Biochemistry Department at Rothamsted Experimental Station, now Rothamsted Research (https://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/). In 1985 he moved to Lancaster where he worked at Biological Sciences Department, now Lancaster Environmental Centre (https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/lec/—Figure 2), Lancaster University (https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/), as Professor of Biology until his retirement over 20 years later. His main research interests have been the pathways and mechanisms by which plants are able to take up nitrogen and convert it to amino acids and proteins that are used as animal and human food.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peter's work on nitrogen assimilation was extremely relevant to crop improvement and to the work on nitrogen metabolism ever since. The discovery of glutamate synthases (E.C. 1.4.1.13 and E.C. 1.4.7.1) caused a major re-assessment of the way in which ammonium is assimilated in bacteria and higher plants. Two key articles (Lea &amp; Miflin, &lt;span&gt;1974&lt;/span&gt;; Miflin &amp; Lea, &lt;span&gt;1976&lt;/span&gt;) published with his colleague Prof. Ben Miflin are classical citations. He has also contributed with a significant amount of important work to the advancement of plant stress responses to abiotic stresses (Gratão et al., &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;), amino acids metabolism (Azevedo et al., &lt;span&gt;1997&lt;/span&gt;) and photorespiration (Keys et al., &lt;span&gt;1978&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peter was also heavily involved in numerous other activities and was a member of the Association of Applied Biologists (https://www.aab.org.uk/) as President Elect 2005–2006 and President 2007–2008. He was also an &lt;i&gt;Annals of Applied Biology&lt;/i&gt; Senior Editor for Crop Improvement for almost 12 years. He was a mentor to many students, scientists and editors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;He published/edited dozens of books and book chapters and over 300 papers. He also left his mark publishing important papers in &lt;i&gt;Annals&lt;/i&gt; such as “Asparagine in plants” (Lea et al., &lt;span&gt;2007&lt;/span&gt;), which is the 8th most cited paper of the journal in its 110 years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peter will be missed. We all worked together with","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.12956","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interview with Prof. Fernanda Fidalgo, Biology Department, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Portugal","authors":"Ricardo A. Azevedo","doi":"10.1111/aab.12953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12953","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prof. Fernanda Fidalgo, Associate Professor w/Habilitation at the Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Portugal, member of the GreenUPorto, and coordinator of the Plant Stress Lab.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 1","pages":"14-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.12953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient limitation shortly before harvest promotes high accumulation of antioxidants in lettuce","authors":"Hannah Holzgreve,&nbsp;Alena Weiß,&nbsp;Caterina Scholz,&nbsp;Christine Stöhr","doi":"10.1111/aab.12949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12949","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plants exposed to drought not only have to cope with a shortage of water, but also with a simultaneous decrease in nutrient availability. In this greenhouse experiment, the responses of antioxidants and key metabolites to 2 or 4 days of water limitation immediately prior to harvest were compared to the effect of nutrient limitation with continued water supply in lettuce leaves. Water limitation led to a faster increase in stress intensity than nutrient limitation. While moderate drought stress led to a slight increase in the antioxidant compounds studied, there was a concomitant sharp decrease in starch content. Under nutrient limitation, an increase in the content of ascorbic acid, the proportion of reduced ascorbic acid and the content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, soluble sugars and starch was observed in the mild phase of stress. These results suggest that reducing nutrient availability shortly before harvest could be a suitable means of improving the nutritional value of crops through cultivation practices as opposed to breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 2","pages":"157-167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.12949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superadditivity between control methods in pest management","authors":"Helmut F. van Emden","doi":"10.1111/aab.12951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12951","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pest Management (PM) has its 1959 origin in Integrated Control, a combination of a reduced dose of insecticide with biological control. At the time, it was not recognised that the interaction between these two control methods was more than additive. This ‘superadditivity’ can also be achieved with the full dose of insecticide, for example, by localising its application in space. There is also likely to be superadditivity in the interaction between partial plant resistance and biological control. Pests on resistant hosts are usually smaller and the same mortality can often be obtained with just two-thirds or one-half of the dose of insecticide needed on susceptible plants, giving superadditivity between partial plant resistance and chemical control. These positive interactions between biological control, chemical control and partial host plant resistance form a ‘Pest Management Triad’, though legislation and risk-aversion may limit the practicability of protocols based on the Triad.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 1","pages":"20-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annals of Applied Biology Editorial to introduce the new strapline","authors":"Geraint Parry,&nbsp;Ricardo Antunes Azevedo","doi":"10.1111/aab.12952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12952","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover of Annals of Applied Biology now features the strapline ‘Biosciences for Sustainability’.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.12952","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenological growth stages of kokum tree (Garcinia indica (Thouars) Choisy) according to the extended BBCH scale","authors":"Manjunath Sharanappa Tondihal,&nbsp;Vikram H. Chninnappa Gowda,&nbsp;Latha Madhavan,&nbsp;Bommanahalli M. Muralidhara,&nbsp;Siddanna Savadi,&nbsp;Jyothi Bhaskar","doi":"10.1111/aab.12943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12943","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kokum (<i>Garcinia indica</i> (Thouars) Choisy) is an evergreen fruit tree, naturally distributed in the tropical rainforests of the Western Ghats in India, displaying polygamous characteristics. The economic significance of this tree is attributed to its fruit rind rich in pharmaceutical compounds such as hydroxy citric acid, garcinol and anthocyanin. The fruit rind is commonly utilised to create refreshing beverages. The demand for both kokum fruit and its derived products is on the rise within the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. To facilitate genetic enhancement, agronomic management and commercial cultivation, a comprehensive understanding of the periodic growth of kokum is essential. Presently, the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemische Industrie (BBCH) phenological scale stands as the most credible and widely adopted framework. In this research endeavour, specific standard codes and descriptions were established for various growth stages of kokum. Utilising an extended BBCH scale ranging from 0 to 9, we delineated seven principal growth stages in kokum: Stage 0 for vegetative bud development, Stage 1 for leaf development, Stage 3 for shoot growth, Stage 5 for reproductive bud development, Stage 6 for flowering, Stage 7 for fruit development and Stage 8 for fruit maturity. Secondary stages were assigned based on observed growth event percentages. The duration and seasonal characteristics of each principal and secondary growth stage were meticulously recorded. This newly developed phenological scale serves as a versatile tool applicable to researchers, breeders and industrialists for enhancing agricultural production and effective scientific communication in the kokum research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 1","pages":"38-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing climate change impacts on crops: The influence of soil tillage on a triticale crop under water stress conditions","authors":"Paula Madejón,&nbsp;Elena Fernández-Boy,&nbsp;Engracia Madejón,&nbsp;Laura Morales-Salmerón,&nbsp;María Teresa Domínguez","doi":"10.1111/aab.12947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12947","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water limitations for agriculture will likely become crucial in the next decades in some regions such as the Mediterranean basin with the current climate change projections. In this context, recent evidence suggests that the application of conservation agriculture, which reduces the frequency and intensity of soil tillage, could confer a higher stability of agricultural systems against climate variability. However, not many experiments have addressed the interaction between tillage type and the resistance to drought in rainfed crops. In this work, we evaluated the resistance to drought of triticale (<i>Triticale hexaploide</i> L.) crops managed with different tillage systems: traditional tillage (TT), reduced tillage (RT) and no tillage (NT). A rainfall exclusion experiment was carried out in a typical wheat/legume Mediterranean rotation in SW Spain, in a long-term experiment established in 2008 comparing the three tillage systems. Grain yield and different variables related to plant ecophysiology, root development, biomass allocation and colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were evaluated over one crop cycle. Tillage type had a significant influence on soil water storage (SWS), such that soils under NT had, on average, a 16% greater SWS than soils under RT or TT. Grain yield was significantly reduced by rainfall exclusion, in particular in the TT, where drought reduced grain yield by 31%. Gas exchange data also showed that plants in the TT system were more sensitive to drought, such that maximum photosynthesis rates were reduced by 25% because of rainfall exclusion in this tillage system. Drought had a negative impact on root biomass across the three tillage systems, especially in the RT, where a reduction in the root:shoot ratio was observed. The effect of tillage on mycorrhizal colonisation was more evident than the effect of drought; in general, conservation tillage systems (RT and NT) tended to have higher values for all AMF traits compared to the TT. In summary, the NT system tended to exhibit more favourable performance in terms of soil water retention, grain yield stability under drought conditions and mycorrhizal symbiosis, which suggests enhanced resource use efficiency in this system.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 2","pages":"143-156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.12947","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Don't forget the blogosphere","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/aab.12948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12948","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heinen, R., Duffy, M., Fox, J. W., Heard, S. B., McGlynn, T., Ollerton, J., Rillig, M. C., Saunders, M. E., Millman, C. A., &amp; Azevedo, R. A. (2024). Don't forget the blogosphere. Annals of Applied Biology, <i>185</i>(2), 124–131. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12935.</p><p>In the above article, a name in the author byline was incorrect: “Ricardo Antunes de Azevedo” should have been “Ricardo Antunes Azevedo.” The original article has been updated to reflect this change.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.12948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barley yellow dwarf virus in winter barley: Control in light of resistance issues and loss of neonicotinoid insecticides","authors":"Louise Mc Namara,&nbsp;Seán Lacey,&nbsp;Stephen Kildea,&nbsp;Maximilian Schughart,&nbsp;Lael Walsh,&nbsp;Deidre Doyle,&nbsp;Michael T. Gaffney","doi":"10.1111/aab.12946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12946","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is the most widespread viral disease of cereal crops vectored by aphids, causing stunting of the crop and significant yield loss. Management recommendations for autumn sown cereals has centred on the timely control of aphid vectors, particularly their management before the crop has reached Growth Stage 31 (stem elongation). In recent years two separate but related issues have emerged, (i) the detection of pyrethroid resistance in a single <i>Sitobion avenae</i> SA3 clone and (ii) the withdrawal of neonicotinoid insecticide seed dressing; widely used to manage aphids in the early development of cereal crops. A series of replicated field studies were conducted from 2016 to 2019 to ascertain if the pyrethroid insecticide is still effective in light of the SA3 clones' presence in aphid populations and if withdrawal of neonicotinoid seed dressings has negatively affected aphid management. Both disease levels and yields confirmed that the neonicotinoid, clothianidin, applied as a seed treatment significantly contributed to the management of BYDV in the different trials investigated. Results of this study demonstrate application of a foliar (lambda-cyhalothrin or a sulfoxaflor) insecticide has a significant positive impact on yield. Foliar pyrethroid insecticides were as effective in protecting yield from BYDV as the neonicotinoid seed treatments. In the absence of neonicotinoid seed dressing, alternative insecticides still offer protection for winter barley crops against the aphid vectors of BYDV and associated yield loss. Furthermore, the presence of a pyrethroid resistant <i>Sitobion avenae</i> SA3 clone had no observable impact on field efficacy of the pyrethroid insecticide, lambda-cyhalothrin in these trials. However, this needs continuous monitoring because of potential further increases in resistance levels or emergence of additional resistance mechanisms, which could render pyrethroid insecticides ineffective.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":"186 2","pages":"132-142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aab.12946","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}