Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of ESKAPE pathogens in the neonatal intensive care unit of the women and newborn hospital in Lusaka, Zambia.","authors":"Sharon Namukonda, Misheck Shawa, Amon Siame, James Mwansa, Gina Mulundu","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01588-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01588-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial contamination of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) poses a significant risk for cross-transmission, potentially leading to infections in vulnerable neonates. Key pathogens involved in NICU-acquired infections such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. are collectively known as ESKAPE pathogens. They are known for their antibiotic resistance, posing challenges for treatment. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of ESKAPE pathogens in the NICU at the Women and Newborn Hospital (WNH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 344 Samples were collected from different medical equipment, inanimate, animate surfaces and indoor air using standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was then performed using the Kirby-Bauer method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacterial contamination rate was 323/344 (93.9%), with 83/323 (25.7%) of samples containing ESKAPE pathogens. Antimicrobial susceptibility varied among ESKAPE pathogens with a total of 75/83 (90%) of the ESKAPE isolates being multi-drug resistant (MDR). Gram-negative isolates exhibited high resistance to β-lactams, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones, with susceptibility to aminoglycosides, while Gram-positive isolates showed resistance to β-lactams and macrolides but remained largely susceptible to linezolid, clindamycin, and vancomycin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a high level of contamination with MDR ESKAPE pathogens in the NICU. This highlights the need for improved infection prevention and control measures as well as antimicrobial stewardship to prevent further resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protracted outbreaks of VIM-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a surgical intensive care unit in France, January 2018 to June 2024.","authors":"Benjamin Querin, Maxime Danjean, Sarah Jolivet, Jeanne Couturier, Soumaya Oubbéa, Claire Jouans, Christelle Lazare, Théo Montagne, Aurélia Chamming's, Solweig Luce, Gil Dhenin, Nathalie Audrain, Fabienne Fieux, Franck Verdonk, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Florence Stordeur, Frédéric Barbut","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01599-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01599-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently responsible for hospital-acquired infections. It may be isolated in healthcare environment where it can survive. Between January 2018 and June 2024, a growing number of VIM-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA-VIM) were isolated from patients hospitalized in our surgical intensive care unit (SICU). The aim of this study was to investigate SICU long-term PA-VIM outbreaks involving a persistent environmental reservoir.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Investigations included an active case finding, a matched case-control study to identify factors associated with PA-VIM acquisition, the identification of environmental reservoirs, a whole-genome sequencing analysis of patient and environmental strains, and the implementation of control measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During these outbreaks, 32 patients were colonized or identified with at least one PA-VIM positive clinical sample during their SICU stay. Factors significantly associated with the PA-VIM acquisition in the conditional univariate analysis included exposure to antibiotics (e.g., carbapenem) and antifungals, and the use of a nasogastric tube and enteral nutrition. Among 342 environmental samples collected in the SICU (including sink drains, syringes and glasses containing syringes used for enteral nutrition), 67 (19.6%) were found positive for PA-VIM. Core-genome Multi-Locus Sequence Typing analysis identified 2 major clones, each including patients and environmental strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These long-lasting outbreaks of PA-VIM were associated to a persistent environmental contamination of sink drains. All the strategies aiming at eradicating PA-VIM reservoirs (disinfection, descaling, or replacement of sink drains) failed or only showed a temporary effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12323155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and actionable nasal-swab screening supports antimicrobial stewardship in patients with pneumonia: a prospective study.","authors":"Siyao Chen, Yuanyuan Xiao, Caixia Tan, Juan Zhou, Ting Liu, Sisi Zhang, Yiran Hu, Yang Liu, Ming Zheng, Letao Chen, Xinghui Gao, Yi-Wei Tang, Fred C Tenover, Anhua Wu, Chunhui Li","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01615-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01615-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal screening by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid diagnostic tool with a high negative predictive value for pneumonia caused by MRSA. MRSA remains an important emerging pathogen in China and at present, there is little published data on the effect of rapid MRSA test results on antibiotic utilization for pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 300 inpatients who met the criteria of pneumonia in a tertiary general hospital were randomly assigned to a notification group (NG, n = 150) or a control group (CG, n = 150). Nasal swabs were collected and tested with the Xpert SA Nasal Complete Test (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA) to determine MRSA colonization status. Attending clinicians were immediately informed of test results for patients in NG while results were not released to an attending physician in CG. Subsequently, relevant medical records were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the NG received a shorter duration of antimicrobial therapy compared to the CG (5.66 vs. 7.87 days, P < 0.001). Fewer renal injuries (1.33% vs. 8%; P = 0.015), and lower costs of antimicrobial agents ($621.78 vs. $881.70; P = 0.013) were observed in NG patients compared to those in the CG. Further, this intervention did not increase the in-hospital mortality (12.67% vs. 16.67%, P = 0.327).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rapid and actionable MRSA PCR screening using nasal swabs helped reduce unnecessary anti-MRSA treatment. Early management of antimicrobials not only reduced the duration of anti-MRSA drug exposure but also antimicrobial-related adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12318421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare workers´ perspectives on antibiotic utilization in children under five years of age in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.","authors":"Jeannière T Manegabe, Rose Mwangi, John Mulindwa, David Sumaili, Gloire M Kapalata, Rune Andersson, Margret Lepp, Florida Muro, Susann Skovbjerg, Matilda Emgård, Archippe M Birindwa","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01596-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01596-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12315395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of dry-fogged hydrogen peroxide as an \"untact\" room disinfection automation system for rapid terminal decontamination of a single isolation room in a healthcare institution.","authors":"Jin Woong Suh, Jeong Yeon Kim, Jang Wook Sohn, Sung Eun Lee, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Woo Jin Chi, Mi Na Lee, Young Kyung Yoon","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01613-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01613-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates the efficacy of dry-fogged hydrogen peroxide (dHP) as an \"untact\" room disinfection automation system (URDAS) for rapid terminal room decontamination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study was conducted at a university-affiliated hospital in Korea. After patient discharge, dHP technology was used to decontaminate single rooms. Environmental cultures were collected from inanimate surfaces and room air before and after the decontamination process. Routine manual cleaning and disinfection were performed only after environmental sampling during terminal decontamination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After applying URDAS using dHP, culture positivity in the surface samples decreased from 20.5% (16/78) to 5.1% (4/78). Particularly, bed-removable tables and bedsheets used by patients often remain contaminated even after disinfection. Thirty-six species were isolated from the air cultures before disinfection, which decreased to 23 species after disinfection, representing a 36.1% reduction. The most frequently isolated pathogens after disinfection were S. aureus on fabric materials from surface samples and Aspergillus species from air samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that URDAS using dHP is an effective tool for disinfecting contaminated environmental surfaces and spaces in single isolation rooms with minimal risk of exposure to medical staff. However, further optimization is required to address the material- and pathogen-specific disinfection challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12296622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and economic burden of healthcare-associated infections among patients supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the ICU: a cohort study from China.","authors":"Zhenyu Hu, Minjin Peng, Chen Dong, Li Li, Qiao Hu, Hanlin Liao, Haining Jiang, Xianglan Fang, Qifei Zhang, Binbin Fu, Tingyu Lan, Kun Meng, Yijun Tang, Duoshuang Xie","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01611-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01611-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a critical life-support technology widely used for managing patients with cardiopulmonary failure. However, ECMO patients are particularly susceptible to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) due to their critical illness and the invasive procedures. These infections not only reduce patients' quality of life but also increase healthcare resource utilization. Therefore, understanding the characteristics and risk factors of HAIs in ECMO patients and establishing/implementing targeted preventive strategies are essential.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HAIs, investigate associated risk factors, and assess the economic impact on patients receiving ECMO support.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study included patients who received ECMO support at Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, from February 2017 to September 2023. Patients were categorized into an infection group and a non-infection group based on the occurrence of HAIs. Collected data included basic patient information, infection sites, pathogen distribution, and economic burden. Risk factors for ECMO-related HAIs were analyzed using both univariate and multivariate methods, with statistical significance defined as p < 0.05. Multivariate competing risk regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors significantly associated with ECMO-related HAIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 97 eligible ECMO patients, predominantly male (77, 79.38%), with a mean age of 46.7 ± 16.5 years. The total ECMO support duration across all patients was 467.3 days, with a median hospital stay of 12.5 days (range: 4.4-25.5 days). Of note, 86.60% of the patients received venoarterial (VA) ECMO support. Among these patients, 14.43% developed ECMO-related HAIs, resulting in 17 HAI events among 14 patients. These events comprised 10 respiratory tract infections (RTIs), 4 bloodstream infections (BSIs), 2 surgical site infections (SSIs), and 1 urinary tract infection (UTI). The rate of ECMO-related HAIs was 36.4 cases per 1,000 ECMO days. A total of 29 pathogenic microbial strains were identified, including 21 multidrug-resistant bacteria (72.41%; 72.41% Gram-negative, 20.69% Gram-positive), and 2 fungal strains (6.90%). Independent risk factors for ECMO-related HAIs included tracheostomy (odds ratio [OR] = 28.6, p = 0.003) and decreased platelet count (OR = 0.975, p = 0.004). Median total hospitalization expenses were significantly higher in the infection group (US$100,270.4 vs. US$32,108.6; p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients receiving ECMO support are at a heightened risk of developing HAIs, with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and bloodstream infections (BSIs) being the most prevalent types. The study identified tracheostomy and decreased platelet count as independent risk factors for ECMO-","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broad-spectrum and Watch antimicrobials are commonly used to treat hospital-acquired infections in German acute care hospitals: results from the 2022 national point prevalence survey.","authors":"Seven Johannes Sam Aghdassi, Selin Saydan, Frieder Pfäfflin, Miriam Songa Stegemann, Anja Theloe, Michael Behnke, Luis Alberto Peña Diaz, Alexander Gropmann, Christine Geffers, Brar Piening, Sonja Hansen","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01608-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01608-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hospital-acquired infections (HI) and associated antimicrobial use (AU) significantly contribute to antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to analyse AU patterns for HI treatment in German acute care hospitals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed data from the German 2022 point prevalence survey (PPS) on AU and healthcare-associated infections, using the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control protocol across 252 hospitals. Analyses focused on key infection prevention and control (IPC), antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) indicators and AU for HI, categorised by the World Health Organisation AWaRe classification. Comparisons were made to the previous national PPS in 2016 and 2011.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22 422 antimicrobial prescriptions were recorded in 66 586 patients. HI treatment accounted for 20% of AU. Penicillins with beta-lactamase inhibitors, carbapenems and third-generation cephalosporins accounted for over 50% of AU for HI treatment. Watch antimicrobials dominated HI treatment prescriptions, accounting for around 62% of use, particularly in respiratory infections, while use of Access antimicrobials was limited (24%). Skin and soft tissue as well as bone and joint infections, respiratory infections, and urinary tract infections were the most commonly treated HI. Over time, IPC indicators, such as alcohol-based hand rub consumption and IPC staffing, improved significantly, yet AMS staffing remained low and comprehensive hospital-wide post-prescription reviews were limited to around a quarter of hospitals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscore the importance of reducing HI to curb the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials in German hospitals. IPC should be included in AMS strategies, alongside aspects like improving AMS staffing and establishing post-prescription review programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-adherence to surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines: findings from a mixed-methods study in a developing country.","authors":"Noha Ali, Ranim Hamouda, Rana Tarek, Menna Abdelhamid, Abdullah Lashin, Rania Hassan, Rania Gamal, Mourad Elfaham, Aya Attia, Ahmed Abdelaleem, Noha Sakna, Amgad Gamal, Sally Aboelenin, Rahma AbdelHafez, Sara Abdelkader, Ashraf Nabhan","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01607-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01607-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The effectiveness of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the risk of post-operative infectious morbidity, depends on its appropriate use. We aimed to assess adherence to surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines and to explore the factors contributing to non-adherence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This mixed-methods study comprised a cross-sectional survey and qualitative analysis. The cross-sectional survey included all surgical procedures performed in Ain Shams University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology from November 1 2024 to December 31 2024. Trained medical interns collected routine data in real-time in the operative theater and in the wards by observing and documenting three key variables namely the antibiotic prescribed, timing of administration, and the duration of use. The overall adherence rate was calculated as the proportion of cases meeting all three criteria. The survey was followed by a qualitative research through synchronous online focus group of eight participants. Following transcription of the audio-recorded discussion, three researchers used a deductive approach to content analysis of the focus group discussion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and eighty surgical procedures were analyzed, with cesarean sections accounting for 48.6% (136/280). Full adherence to surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines was observed in 0% of cases. The appropriate antibiotic was prescribed in 62.5% (175/280) of procedures. Timely administration within the recommended 60-minute pre-incision window occurred in 38.2% (107/280). In contrast, 61.4% (172/280) of procedures had delayed antibiotic administration post-incision. The recommended single-dose or ≤ 24-hour regimen was administered in only 6.1% (17/280), whereas 93.9% (263/280) had prolonged parenteral antibiotic use beyond 24 h, with 98.9% (277/280) transitioning to oral antibiotics upon discharge. Key barriers to adherence included knowledge gaps, workflow inefficiencies, inadequate monitoring, limited antibiotic availability, financial constraints, and weak enforcement of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Non-adherence to surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines is high, particularly regarding timing and duration. Addressing systemic barriers and enforcing guideline compliance is essential to improving antibiotic stewardship in surgical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving epidemiology of Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Canadian acute care facilities, 2010-2023.","authors":"Robyn Mitchell, Laura Mataseje, Joëlle Cayen, Erin McGill, Kristine Cannon, Ian Davis, Tamara Duncombe, Chelsey Ellis, Jennifer Ellison, Jennifer Happe, Susy S Hota, Kevin C Katz, Pamela Kibsey, Santina Lee, Jerome A Leis, Xena Li, Allison McGeer, Jessica Minion, Sonja Musto, Connie Patterson, Ewa Rajda, Stephanie W Smith, Jocelyn A Srigley, Kathryn N Suh, Nisha Thampi, Jen Tomlinson, Joseph Vayalumkal, Kristen Versluys, Titus Wong, Yves Longtin","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01602-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01602-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality with limited treatment options and have an ability to spread rapidly in healthcare settings. We analyzed surveillance data from the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program to describe trends and the epidemiology of CPE from 2010 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participating acute-care hospitals submitted eligible isolates to the National Microbiology Laboratory for detection of carbapenemase genes. Trained infection control professionals applied standardized definitions to collect epidemiological data by chart review from 30-97 hospitals from 2010 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The national incidence of CPE infection (0.03 to 0.14 per 10,000 patient days; R² = 0.76) and colonization (0.02 to 0.78 per 10,000 patient days; R² = 0.83) increased exponentially from 2010 to 2023. We identified rapidly rising rates of healthcare-associated (HA) CPE infections from 2019 to 2023 (0.05 to 0.09 per 10,000 patient-days, p = 0.04), attributed to select hospitals (7/97) which accounted for half (53%) of all HA-CPE infections in 2023. Similarly, we identified that 2023 HA-CPE colonization rates were highest in medium (201-499 beds) and large (≥500 beds) hospitals in the Central region. Most patients did not report international travel (66%) nor receipt of medical care abroad (74%). Travel and receipt of medical care were less commonly reported among bla_KPC associated cases (7.1% and 5.3% respectively) compared to bla_NDM (55% and 45% respectively) and bla_OXA-48 (57% and 39%) associated cases. Furthermore, bla_KPC was the predominant carbapenemase among all HA-CPE isolates (62%, 950/1,534).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surveillance data from a national network of Canadian acute care hospitals indicates that while the incidence of CPE in Canada remains low, it is accelerating at an exponential rate. Our findings suggest that nosocomial transmission is driving the recent increase in CPE incidence in Canada. Improved infection control measures and antimicrobial stewardship as well as access to newer antimicrobials are all urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12256002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity versus clonality in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii: a two-year surveillance study in four intensive care units at a large teaching hospital in Rome, Italy.","authors":"Mariateresa Ceparano, Valerio Capitani, Giuseppe Migliara, Silvia Rondón, Valentina Baccolini, Alessandra Carattoli, Paolo Villari, Carolina Marzuillo","doi":"10.1186/s13756-025-01605-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-025-01605-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections, which showed a significant increase during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). The spread of A. baumannii in these environments is facilitated by contact with contaminated surfaces or infected patients, particularly via the hands of healthcare workers. This study analysed the spread and emergence of specific MDR A. baumannii clusters in four ICUs at the Umberto I teaching hospital in Rome, Italy, between January 2020 and January 2022. Genetic relatedness among A. baumannii isolates was determined by pulsed- field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole- genome sequencing (WGS) performed on representative isolates. A total of 178 A. baumannii isolates, collected from 129 SARS-CoV-2-positive and 49 SARS-CoV-2-negative patients, were classified into 17 PFGE pulsotypes. Overall, 117 isolates belonged to clone A and exhibited an MDR phenotype; all of them belonged to international clonal lineage II. WGS analysis confirmed the presence of outbreaks within and between wards. Reconstruction of the evolutionary distances among isolates identified two locally circulating lineages (LCLs), two distinct clusters, and four outbreaks. Transmission between wards designated for SARS-CoV-2-positive patients and ICUs restricted to SARS-CoV-2-negative patients was also observed. All isolates showed resistance to carbapenems, mainly attributed to the bla_OXA-23 gene, and resistance to aminoglycosides, mediated by the armA gene. The study traced epidemic and sporadic infections, yielding valuable information on the implementation of preventive strategies and highlighting the importance of infection control measures to limit the spread of A. baumannii in hospital environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"14 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}