Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control最新文献

{"title":"Baseline evaluation of the World Health Organization (WHO) infection prevention and control (IPC) core components in Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs).","authors":"Margaret Leong, Rochelle Picton, Melanie Wratten, Ana Mahe, Peta-Anne Zimmerman","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01447-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01447-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comprehensive infection prevention and control (IPC) programmes are proven to reduce the spread of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, published assessments of IPC programmes against the World Health Organization (WHO) IPC Core Components in Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) at the national and acute healthcare facility level are currently unavailable.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2022 to April 2023, a multi-country, cross-sectional study was conducted in PICTs. The self reporting survey was based on the WHO Infection Prevention Assessment Framework (IPCAF) that supports implementing the minimum requirements of the WHO eight core components of IPC programmes at both the national and facility level. The results were presented as a 'traffic light' (present, in progress, not present) matrix. Each PICT's overall status in achieving IPC core components was summarised using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen PICTs participated in this study. Ten (67%) PICTs had national IPC programmes, supported mainly by IPC focal points (87%, n = 13), updated national IPC guidelines (80%, n = 12), IPC monitoring and feedback mechanisms (80%, n = 12), and waste management plans (87%, n = 13). Significant gaps were identified in education and training (20%, n = 3). Despite being a defined component in 67% (n = 10) of national IPC programmes, HAI surveillance and monitoring was the lowest scoring core component (13%, n = 2). National and facility level IPC guidelines had been adapted and implemented in 67% (n = 10) PICTs; however, only 40% (n = 6) of PICTs had a dedicated IPC budget, 40% (n = 6) had multimodal strategies for IPC, and 33% (n = 5) had daily environmental cleaning records.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Identifying IPC strengths, gaps, and challenges across PICTs will inform future IPC programme priorities and contribute to regional efforts in strengthening IPC capacity. This will promote global public health through the prevention of HAIs and AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11437787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of chlorine-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospital water systems: threat of waterborne infections for patients.","authors":"Sahar Gholipour, Mahnaz Nikaeen, Mohammadmehdi Mehdipour, Farzaneh Mohammadi, Davarkhah Rabbani","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01468-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01468-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several healthcare-associated infection outbreaks have been caused by waterborne Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibiting its ability to colonize water systems and resist conventional chlorine treatment. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospital drinking water systems and the antimicrobial resistance profiles (antibiotic and chlorine resistance) of isolated strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water and biofilms developed in nine hospital water systems (n = 192) using culture-based and molecular methods. We further assessed the survival of isolated strains after exposure to 0.5 and 1.5 ppm concentrations of chlorine. The profile of antibiotic resistance and presence of antibiotic resistance genes in isolated strains were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using direct PCR method, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in 22% (21/96) of water and 28% (27/96) of biofilm samples. However, culturable Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from 14 samples. Most of P. aeruginosa isolates (86%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic (mainly β-lactams), with 50% demonstrating multidrug resistance. Moreover, three isolates harbored intI1 gene and two isolates contained bla_OXA-24,bla_OXA-48, and bla_OXA-58‌ genes. Experiments with chlorine disinfection revealed that all tested Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were resistant to a 0.5 ppm concentration. However, when exposed to a 1.5 ppm concentration of chlorine for 30 min, 60% of the strains were eliminated. Interestingly, all chlorine-resistant bacteria that survived at 30-minute exposure to 1.5 ppm chlorine were found to harbor the intI1 gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The detection of antimicrobial resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospital water systems raises concerns about the potential for infections among hospitalized patients. The implementation of advanced mitigation measures and targeted disinfection methods should be considered to tackle the evolving challenges within hospital water systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11437889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Development and application of a risk nomogram for the prediction of risk of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in neuro-intensive care unit: a mixed method study.","authors":"Yuping Li, Xianru Gao, Haiqing Diao, Tian Shi, Jingyue Zhang, Yuting Liu, Qingping Zeng, JiaLi Ding, Juan Chen, Kai Yang, Qiang Ma, Xiaoguang Liu, Hailong Yu, Guangyu Lu","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01469-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01469-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genetic relationship between human and pet isolates: a core genome multilocus sequence analysis of multidrug-resistant bacteria.","authors":"Antonia Genath, Carolin Hackmann, Luisa Denkel, Anna Weber, Friederike Maechler, Axel Kola, Stefan Schwarz, Petra Gastmeier, Rasmus Leistner","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01457-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01457-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global increase of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is one of the most urgent public health threats affecting both humans and animals. The One Health concept emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal and environmental health and highlights the need for integrated approaches to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Although the sharing of environments and antimicrobial agents between companion animals and humans poses a risk for MDRO transmission, companion animals have been studied to a lesser extent than livestock animals. This study therefore used core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) to investigate the genetic relationships and putative transmission of MDROs between humans and pets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive integrated typing study included 252 human isolates, 53 dog isolates and 10 cat isolates collected from 2019 to 2022 at the Charité University Hospital in Berlin, Germany. CgMLST was performed to characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci and multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. The genetic diversity of the MDROs of the different host populations was determined and compared based on sequence type and core genome complex type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within this study the majority of samples from pets and humans was genetically distinct. However, for some isolates, the number of allelic differences identified by cgMLST was low. Two cases of putative household transmission or shared source of VR E. faecium and MDR E. coli between humans and pets were documented.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The interaction between humans and their pets appears to play a minor role in the spread of the MDROs studied. However, further research is needed. This study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive molecular surveillance and a multidisciplinary One Health approach to understand and contain the spread of MDROs in human and animal populations.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study is registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00030009).</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of self-medication practices with antibiotics and associated factors among students in five colleges in Eritrea: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nahom Kiros Gebregziabher, Tesfit Brhane Netsereab, Bethiel Tekie Franchesko, Hanna Habte Ghebreamlak, Natnael Mulugeta Yihdego","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01466-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01466-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite their significant contribution to reducing mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases, antibiotics face challenges due to their inappropriate use, one of which is self-medication. This study assessed the prevalence of|| self-medication with antibiotics among Eritrean college students and its associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analytical cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among students from five colleges from September 2019 to February 2020. Participants were selected through simple random sampling, and each participant completed a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotics, and self-medication practices. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with self-medication with antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study distributed 380 questionnaires, with 375 returned, yielding a response rate of 98.68%. Findings revealed that 80.3% of participants were familiar with antibiotics. Additionally, 18.8% agreed with non-prescription antibiotic use for simple ailments. Of the 252 respondents who answered, 67.1% reported self-medication with antibiotics. Within the preceding six months, the prevalence of such self-medication was 34.3%. Factors associated with self-medication included college affiliation, with participants from the College of Science (COS) exhibiting lower odds (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16-0.91, p = 0.03) compared to the College of Business and Social Sciences (CBSS) students. Those living in dormitories had 2.4 times higher odds (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.7-5.02, p = 0.017) to self-medicate compared to those living with family. Moreover, individuals unaware of antibiotic resistance had higher odds (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.24-4.7, p = 0.009) of self-medication. Attitude score was also significantly associated with self-medication (AOR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.8-0.98, p = 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results highlight the necessity for tailored educational programs to advocate for appropriate antibiotic utilization and mitigate the prevalent misuse of antibiotics among college students. Initiatives focused on increasing knowledge about the dangers linked with self-medication and advocating for conscientious antibiotic usage are essential in combating the escalating challenge of antibiotic resistance and safeguarding public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11414089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology, microbiological features and infection control strategies for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a German burn and plastic surgery center (2020-2022).","authors":"Marius Vital, Sabrina Woltemate, Dirk Schlüter, Nicco Krezdorn, Thorben Dieck, Khaled Dastagir, Franz-Christoph Bange, Ella Ebadi, Peter M Vogt, Leonard Knegendorf, Claas Baier","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01459-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-024-01459-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) frequently causes both healthcare-associated infections and nosocomial outbreaks in burn medicine/plastic surgery and beyond. Owing to the high antibiotic resistance, infections are difficult to treat, and patient outcomes are often compromised. The environmental persistence capability of CRAB favors its transmission in hospitals. A comprehensive analysis and understanding of CRAB epidemiology and microbiology are essential for guiding management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-year retrospective cohort study (2020-2022) was conducted in a German tertiary burn and plastic surgery center. In addition to epidemiological analyses, microbiological and molecular techniques, including whole-genome sequencing, were applied for the comprehensive examination of isolates from CRAB-positive patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, eight CRAB cases were found, corresponding to an overall incidence of 0.2 CRAB cases per 100 cases and an incidence density of 0.35 CRAB cases per 1000 patient-days. Six cases (75%) were treated in the burn intensive care unit, and four cases (50%) acquired CRAB in the hospital. Molecular analyses comprising 74 isolates supported the epidemiologic assumption that hospital acquisitions occurred within two separate clusters. In one of these clusters, environmental CRAB contamination of anesthesia equipment may have enabled transmission. Furthermore, molecular diversity of CRAB isolates within patients was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRAB can pose a challenge in terms of infection prevention and control, especially if cases are clustered in time and space on a ward. Our study demonstrates that high-resolution phylogenetic analysis of several bacterial isolates from single patients can greatly aid in understanding transmission chains and helps to take precision control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142144984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and readiness about critical antimicrobial resistant organisms among healthcare workers at colonial war memorial hospital in Fiji: a pre and post intervention study.","authors":"Kirsty Buising, Ravi Naidu, Shammi Prasad, Matthew Richards, Savneel Shivam Kumar, Alvina Lata, Ashlyn Datt, Sisilia Assisi Genaro, Timaima Ratusela, Ilisapeci Nabose, Donna Cameron, Ana Suka, Tracey Young-Sharma, Benjamin P Howden, Aneley Getahun Strobel","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01439-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-024-01439-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gram-negative bacteria resistant to carbapenems are also known as critical antimicrobial resistant organisms. Their emergence at Colonial War Memorial Hospital (CWMH), the largest hospital in Fiji, is a major clinical concern. This study was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and readiness of healthcare workers (HCW) at CWMH regarding management of patients with infections caused by critical antimicrobial resistant organisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was designed using a Likert scale to assess knowledge, attitudes, and readiness. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted, before and after the implementation of targeted educational activities which were informed by the pre-intervention study findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 393 and 420 HCW participated in the pre- and post-intervention studies, respectively. The majority of respondents were female (77.3%) and 18-34 years of age (67%). HCW professional roles included nurses (56.3%), doctors (31.6%), and laboratory personnel (12.2%). In the post-intervention study, significantly more HCW reported having received infection prevention and control (IPC) and antimicrobial resistance education and training (26.8% in pre to 45.5% in post intervention, p < 0.001). The majority of nurses and doctors (> 85% to ≥ 95%) were aware of how AMR organisms spread in healthcare settings and knew the IPC measures to prevent transmission of AMR infections including hand hygiene, standard and transmission-based precautions. Attitudes towards AMR were positive, with 84.2% pre intervention and 84.8% of HCW post intervention expressing their willingness to change their work environment to assist with AMR prevention. Perceived readiness to address the problem showed mixed results. Improvements in laboratory AMR surveillance data availability were noted (29.4-52.4%, p < 0001). Modest improvement in the hospital's capacity for outbreak response (44-51.9%, p = 0.01), and treatment of AMR infections (38.9-44.4%, p = 0.01) was reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data revealed high levels of staff awareness and knowledge about AMR and IPC. However, readiness for outbreak response and treatment of critical AMR infections requires more attention. Improving AMR prevention and containment in CWMH will likely require sustained and multisectoral interventions with strong administrative commitment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142124593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"What if the patient has a severe reaction, and it is my fault?\" A qualitative study exploring factors for sustainable implementation of penicillin allergy delabelling.","authors":"Marie Bjørbak Alnæs, Brita Skodvin, Jan Anker Jahnsen, Grete Kalleklev Velure, Oddvar Oppegaard, Bård Reiakvam Kittang, Torgeir Storaas, Margrethe Aase Schaufel","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01456-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-024-01456-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Penicillin allergy delabelling (PAD), the process of evaluating penicillin allergy labels, is a key target in antibiotic stewardship, but uptake of the procedure outside clinical studies is limited. We aimed to explore factors that need to be addressed to sustainably implement a clinical pathway for PAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with focus groups consisting of a purposive sample of twenty-five nurses and physicians working in four different hospitals in Western Norway. Systematic text condensation was applied for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychological safety was reported as crucial for clinicians to perform PAD. A narrative of uncertainty and anticipated negative outcomes were negatively associated with PAD performance. Education, guidelines, and colleague- and leadership support could together create psychological safety and empower health personnel to perform PAD. Key factors for sustainable implementation of PAD were facilitating the informant's profound motivation for providing optimal health care and for reducing antimicrobial resistance. Informants were motivated by the prospect of a simplified PAD procedure. We identified three main needs for implementation of PAD: (1) creating psychological safety; (2) utilising clinicians' inherent motivation and (3) optimal organisational structures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A planned implementation of PAD must acknowledge clinicians' need for psychological safety and aid reassurance through training, leadership, and guidelines. To implement PAD as an everyday practice it must be minimally disruptive and provide a contextually adaptive logistic chain. Also, the clinician's motivation for providing the best possible healthcare should be utilised to aid implementation. The results of this study will aid sustainable implementation of PAD in Norway.</p><p><strong>Ethics: </strong>The study was approved by the Western Norway Regional Committee for Medical Research Ethics (Study No:199210).</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"97"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection by inhibiting catheter bacterial biofilm formation: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Wei He, Peifen Ma, Lu Li, Dongmin Wang, Xin Li, Xingqiao Wen, Yi Zuo, Qin Guo, Yanhong Zhang, Ru Cheng, Zhiping Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01450-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13756-024-01450-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) remains the most significant challenge among hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), yet still unresolved. The present study aims to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of JUC Spray Dressing (name of U.S. FDA and CE certifications, while the medical device name in China is Long-acting Antimicrobial Material) alone for CAUTI without combining with antibiotics and to evaluate the impact of bacterial biofilm formation on CAUTI results on the inserted catheters of patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind study, we enrolled adults who suffered from acute urinary retention (AUR) and required catheterization in 6 hospitals in China. Participants were randomly allocated 1:1 according to a random number table to receive JUC Spray Dressing (JUC group) or normal saline (placebo group). The catheters were pretreated with JUC Spray Dressing or normal saline respectively before catheterization. Urine samples and catheter samples were collected after catheterization by trial staff for further investigation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From April 2012 to April 2020, we enrolled 264 patients and randomly assigned them to the JUC group (n = 132) and the placebo group (n = 132). Clinical symptoms and urine bacterial cultures showed the incidence of CAUTI of the JUC group was significantly lower than the placebo group (P < 0.01). In addition, another 30 patients were enrolled to evaluate the biofilm formation on catheters after catheter insertion in the patients' urethra (10 groups, 3 each). The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that bacterial biofilm formed on the 5th day in the placebo group, while no bacterial biofilm formed on the 5th day in the JUC group. In addition, no adverse reactions were reported using JUC Spray Dressing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Continued indwelling urinary catheters for 5 days resulted in bacterial biofilm formation, and pretreatment of urethral catheters with JUC Spray Dressing can prevent bacterial biofilm formation by forming a physical antimicrobial film, and significantly reduce the incidence of CAUTI. This is the first report of a study on inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation on the catheters in CAUTI patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11367937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of nosocomial coronavirus disease 2019: comparison between single- and multiple-occupancy rooms.","authors":"Hyeon Jae Jo, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Ji Seon Kim, Mimi Lee, Minkyeong Lee, Jiyeon Bae, Chan Mi Lee, Chang Kyung Kang, Wan Beom Park, Nam Joong Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13756-024-01454-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-024-01454-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is an ongoing controversy regarding whether single-occupancy rooms are superior to multiple-occupancy rooms in terms of infection prevention. We investigated whether treatment in a multiple-occupancy room is associated with an increased incidence of nosocomial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with treatment in a single-occupancy room.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, every hospitalization period of adult patients aged ≥ 18 years at a tertiary hospital in Korea from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, was analyzed. If COVID-19 was diagnosed more than 5 days after hospitalization, the case was classified as nosocomial. We estimated the association between the number of patients per room and the risk of nosocomial COVID-19 using a Cox proportional hazards regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 25,143 hospitalizations per room type were analyzed. The incidence rate of nosocomial COVID-19 increased according to the number of patients per room; it ranged from 3.05 to 38.64 cases per 10,000 patient-days between single- and 6-bed rooms, respectively. Additionally, the hazard ratios of nosocomial COVID-19 showed an increasing trend according to the number of patients per room, ranging from 0.14 (95% confidence interval 0.001-1.03) to 2.66 (95% confidence interval 1.60-4.85) between single- and 6-bed rooms, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrated that the incidence of nosocomial COVID-19 increased according to the number of patients per room. To reduce nosocomial infections by respiratory viruses, the use of multiple-occupancy rooms should be minimized.</p>","PeriodicalId":7950,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control","volume":"13 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11365205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}