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Annual review of microbiology最新文献

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Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Remodeling in Malaria Parasites. 疟疾寄生虫的表观遗传学调控和染色质重塑。
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-041554
Thomas Hollin, Zeinab Chahine, Karine G Le Roch
{"title":"Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Remodeling in Malaria Parasites.","authors":"Thomas Hollin, Zeinab Chahine, Karine G Le Roch","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-041554","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-041554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>, the human malaria parasite, infects two hosts and various cell types, inducing distinct morphological and physiological changes in the parasite in response to different environmental conditions. These variations required the parasite to adapt and develop elaborate molecular mechanisms to ensure its spread and transmission. Recent findings have significantly improved our understanding of the regulation of gene expression in <i>P. falciparum</i>. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview of technologies used to highlight the transcriptomic adjustments occurring in the parasite throughout its life cycle. We also emphasize the complementary and complex epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene expression in malaria parasites. This review concludes with an outlook on the chromatin architecture, the remodeling systems, and how this 3D genome organization is critical in various biological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"255-276"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10961138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10331628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Targeting Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases for Antimalarial Drug Development. 用于抗疟疾药物开发的靶向氨基酰基tRNA合成酶。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-121210
Stanley C Xie, Michael D W Griffin, Elizabeth A Winzeler, Lluis Ribas de Pouplana, Leann Tilley
{"title":"Targeting Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetases for Antimalarial Drug Development.","authors":"Stanley C Xie,&nbsp;Michael D W Griffin,&nbsp;Elizabeth A Winzeler,&nbsp;Lluis Ribas de Pouplana,&nbsp;Leann Tilley","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-121210","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-121210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infections caused by malaria parasites place an enormous burden on the world's poorest communities. Breakthrough drugs with novel mechanisms of action are urgently needed. As an organism that undergoes rapid growth and division, the malaria parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> is highly reliant on protein synthesis, which in turn requires aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) to charge tRNAs with their corresponding amino acid. Protein translation is required at all stages of the parasite life cycle; thus, aaRS inhibitors have the potential for whole-of-life-cycle antimalarial activity. This review focuses on efforts to identify potent plasmodium-specific aaRS inhibitors using phenotypic screening, target validation, and structure-guided drug design. Recent work reveals that aaRSs are susceptible targets for a class of AMP-mimicking nucleoside sulfamates that target the enzymes via a novel reaction hijacking mechanism. This finding opens up the possibility of generating bespoke inhibitors of different aaRSs, providing new drug leads.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"111-129"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10277936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Understanding Fungi in Glacial and Hypersaline Environments. 了解冰川和高盐环境中的真菌。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-020922
Cene Gostinčar, Nina Gunde-Cimerman
{"title":"Understanding Fungi in Glacial and Hypersaline Environments.","authors":"Cene Gostinčar,&nbsp;Nina Gunde-Cimerman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-020922","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-020922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypersaline waters and glacial ice are inhospitable environments that have low water activity and high concentrations of osmolytes. They are inhabited by diverse microbial communities, of which extremotolerant and extremophilic fungi are essential components. Some fungi are specialized in only one of these two environments and can thrive in conditions that are lethal to most other life-forms. Others are generalists, highly adaptable species that occur in both environments and tolerate a wide range of extremes. Both groups efficiently balance cellular osmotic pressure and ion concentration, stabilize cell membranes, remodel cell walls, and neutralize intracellular oxidative stress. Some species use unusual reproductive strategies. Further investigation of these adaptations with new methods and carefully designed experiments under ecologically relevant conditions will help predict the role of fungi in hypersaline and glacial environments affected by climate change, decipher their stress resistance mechanisms and exploit their biotechnological potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"89-109"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10278873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Transporter Proteins as Ecological Assets and Features of Microbial Eukaryotic Pangenomes. 转运蛋白作为微生物真核泛基因组的生态资产和特征。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-115538
David S Milner, Luis Javier Galindo, Nicholas A T Irwin, Thomas A Richards
{"title":"Transporter Proteins as Ecological Assets and Features of Microbial Eukaryotic Pangenomes.","authors":"David S Milner,&nbsp;Luis Javier Galindo,&nbsp;Nicholas A T Irwin,&nbsp;Thomas A Richards","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-115538","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-115538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we review two connected themes in evolutionary microbiology: (<i>a</i>) the nature of gene repertoire variation within species groups (pangenomes) and (<i>b</i>) the concept of metabolite transporters as accessory proteins capable of providing niche-defining \"bolt-on\" phenotypes. We discuss the need for improved sampling and understanding of pangenome variation in eukaryotic microbes. We then review the factors that shape the repertoire of accessory genes within pangenomes. As part of this discussion, we outline how gene duplication is a key factor in both eukaryotic pangenome variation and transporter gene family evolution. We go on to outline how, through functional characterization of transporter-encoding genes, in combination with analyses of how transporter genes are gained and lost from accessory genomes, we can reveal much about the niche range, the ecology, and the evolution of virulence of microbes. We advocate for the coordinated systematic study of eukaryotic pangenomes through genome sequencing and the functional analysis of genes found within the accessory gene repertoire.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"45-66"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10626412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Molecular Biology of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Caused by Wolbachia Endosymbionts. 沃尔巴克氏体内共生体引起细胞质不亲和性的分子生物学。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041020-024616
Mark Hochstrasser
{"title":"Molecular Biology of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Caused by <i>Wolbachia</i> Endosymbionts.","authors":"Mark Hochstrasser","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041020-024616","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041020-024616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among endosymbiotic bacteria living within eukaryotic cells, <i>Wolbachia</i> is exceptionally widespread, particularly in arthropods. Inherited through the female germline, it has evolved ways to increase the fraction of bacterially infected offspring by inducing parthenogenesis, feminization, male killing, or, most commonly, cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). In CI, <i>Wolbachia</i> infection of males causes embryonic lethality unless they mate with similarly infected females, creating a relative reproductive advantage for infected females. A set of related <i>Wolbachia</i> bicistronic operons encodes the CI-inducing factors. The downstream gene encodes a deubiquitylase or nuclease and is responsible for CI induction by males, while the upstream product when expressed in females binds its sperm-introduced cognate partner and rescues viability. Both toxin-antidote and host-modification mechanisms have been proposed to explain CI. Interestingly, male killing by either <i>Spiroplasma</i> or <i>Wolbachia</i> endosymbionts involves deubiquitylases as well. Interference with the host ubiquitin system may therefore be a common theme among endosymbiont-mediated reproductive alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"299-316"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10644958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The phc Quorum-Sensing System in Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex. 青枯菌种群复合体的phc群体感应系统。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-030537
Kenji Kai
{"title":"The <i>phc</i> Quorum-Sensing System in <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Species Complex.","authors":"Kenji Kai","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-030537","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-030537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> species complex (RSSC) strains are devastating plant pathogens distributed worldwide. The primary cell density-dependent gene expression system in RSSC strains is <i>phc</i> quorum sensing (QS). It regulates the expression of about 30% of all genes, including those related to cellular activity, primary and secondary metabolism, pathogenicity, and more. The <i>phc</i> regulatory elements encoded by the <i>phcBSRQ</i> operon and <i>phcA</i> gene play vital roles. RSSC strains use methyl 3-hydroxymyristate (3-OH MAME) or methyl 3-hydroxypalmitate (3-OH PAME) as the QS signal. Each type of RSSC strain has specificity in generating and receiving its QS signal, but their signaling pathways might not differ significantly. In this review, I describe the genetic and biochemical factors involved in QS signal input and the regulatory network and summarize control of the <i>phc</i> QS system, new cell-cell communications, and QS-dependent interactions with soil fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"213-231"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10644412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Collab or Cancel? Bacterial Influencers of Inflammasome Signaling. Collab还是Cancel？炎症小体信号的细菌影响因素。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-024017
Beatrice I Herrmann, James P Grayczyk, Igor E Brodsky
{"title":"Collab or Cancel? Bacterial Influencers of Inflammasome Signaling.","authors":"Beatrice I Herrmann,&nbsp;James P Grayczyk,&nbsp;Igor E Brodsky","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-024017","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-024017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immune system of multicellular organisms protects them from harmful microbes. To establish an infection in the face of host immune responses, pathogens must evolve specific strategies to target immune defense mechanisms. One such defense is the formation of intracellular protein complexes, termed inflammasomes, that are triggered by the detection of microbial components and the disruption of homeostatic processes that occur during bacterial infection. Formation of active inflammasomes initiates programmed cell death pathways via activation of inflammatory caspases and cleavage of target proteins. Inflammasome-activated cell death pathways such as pyroptosis lead to proinflammatory responses that protect the host. Bacterial infection has the capacity to influence inflammasomes in two distinct ways: activation and perturbation. In this review, we discuss how bacterial activities influence inflammasomes, and we discuss the consequences of inflammasome activation or evasion for both the host and pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"451-477"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10650408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Unique Properties of Apicomplexan Mitochondria. Apicocomplian线粒体的独特特性。
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-120540
Ian M Lamb, Ijeoma C Okoye, Michael W Mather, Akhil B Vaidya
{"title":"Unique Properties of Apicomplexan Mitochondria.","authors":"Ian M Lamb, Ijeoma C Okoye, Michael W Mather, Akhil B Vaidya","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-120540","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-120540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apicomplexan parasites constitute more than 6,000 species infecting a wide range of hosts. These include important pathogens such as those causing malaria and toxoplasmosis. Their evolutionary emergence coincided with the dawn of animals. Mitochondrial genomes of apicomplexan parasites have undergone dramatic reduction in their coding capacity, with genes for only three proteins and ribosomal RNA genes present in scrambled fragments originating from both strands. Different branches of the apicomplexans have undergone rearrangements of these genes, with <i>Toxoplasma</i> having massive variations in gene arrangements spread over multiple copies. The vast evolutionary distance between the parasite and the host mitochondria has been exploited for the development of antiparasitic drugs, especially those used to treat malaria, wherein inhibition of the parasite mitochondrial respiratory chain is selectively targeted with little toxicity to the host mitochondria. We describe additional unique characteristics of the parasite mitochondria that are being investigated and provide greater insights into these deep-branching eukaryotic pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"541-560"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10279540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frameworks for Interpreting the Early Fossil Record of Eukaryotes. 解释真核生物早期化石记录的框架。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-113254
Susannah M Porter, Leigh Anne Riedman
{"title":"Frameworks for Interpreting the Early Fossil Record of Eukaryotes.","authors":"Susannah M Porter,&nbsp;Leigh Anne Riedman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-113254","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-113254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The origin of modern eukaryotes is one of the key transitions in life's history, and also one of the least understood. Although the fossil record provides the most direct view of this process, interpreting the fossils of early eukaryotes and eukaryote-grade organisms is not straightforward. We present two end-member models for the evolution of modern (i.e., crown) eukaryotes-one in which modern eukaryotes evolved early, and another in which they evolved late-and interpret key fossils within these frameworks, including where they might fit in eukaryote phylogeny and what they may tell us about the evolution of eukaryotic cell biology and ecology. Each model has different implications for understanding the rise of complex life on Earth, including different roles of Earth surface oxygenation, and makes different predictions that future paleontological studies can test.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"173-191"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10285350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Microbiology of Biological Soil Crusts. 生物土壤外壳的微生物学。
IF 10.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Epub Date: 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-015202
Ferran Garcia-Pichel
{"title":"The Microbiology of Biological Soil Crusts.","authors":"Ferran Garcia-Pichel","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-015202","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-032521-015202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological soil crusts are thin, inconspicuous communities along the soil atmosphere ecotone that, until recently, were unrecognized by ecologists and even more so by microbiologists. In its broadest meaning, the term biological soil crust (or biocrust) encompasses a variety of communities that develop on soil surfaces and are powered by photosynthetic primary producers other than higher plants: cyanobacteria, microalgae, and cryptogams like lichens and mosses. Arid land biocrusts are the most studied, but biocrusts also exist in other settings where plant development is constrained. The minimal requirement is that light impinge directly on the soil; this is impeded by the accumulation of plant litter where plants abound. Since scientists started paying attention, much has been learned about their microbial communities, their composition, ecological extent, and biogeochemical roles, about how they alter the physical behavior of soils, and even how they inform an understanding of early life on land. This has opened new avenues for ecological restoration and agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"149-171"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10281183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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