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Annual review of microbiology最新文献

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Cyanobacteriochromes: A Rainbow of Photoreceptors. 蓝藻色素：光感受器的彩虹
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-094613
Nathan C Rockwell, J Clark Lagarias
{"title":"Cyanobacteriochromes: A Rainbow of Photoreceptors.","authors":"Nathan C Rockwell, J Clark Lagarias","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-094613","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-094613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Widespread phytochrome photoreceptors use photoisomerization of linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores to measure the ratio of red to far-red light. Cyanobacteria also contain distantly related cyanobacteriochrome (CBCR) proteins that share the bilin-binding GAF domain of phytochromes but sense other colors of light. CBCR photocycles are extremely diverse, ranging from the near-UV to the near-IR. Photoisomerization of the bilin triggers photoconversion of the CBCR input, thereby modulating the biochemical signaling state of output domains such as histidine kinase bidomains that can interface with cellular signal transduction pathways. CBCRs thus can regulate several aspects of cyanobacterial photobiology, including phototaxis, metabolism of cyclic nucleotide second messengers, and optimization of the cyanobacterial light-harvesting apparatus. This review examines spectral tuning, photoconversion, and photobiology of CBCRs and recent developments in understanding their evolution and in applying them in synthetic biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"61-81"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141287662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large Roles of Small Proteins. 小蛋白质的大作用
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-112723-083001
Aisha T Burton, Rilee Zeinert, Gisela Storz
{"title":"Large Roles of Small Proteins.","authors":"Aisha T Burton, Rilee Zeinert, Gisela Storz","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-112723-083001","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-112723-083001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial proteins of ≤50 amino acids, denoted small proteins or microproteins, have been traditionally understudied and overlooked, as standard computational, biochemical, and genetic approaches often do not detect proteins of this size. However, with the realization that small proteins are stably expressed and have important cellular roles, there has been increased identification of small proteins in bacteria and eukaryotes. Gradually, the functions of a few of these small proteins are being elucidated. Many interact with larger protein products to modulate their subcellular localization, stabilities, or activities. Here, we provide an overview of these diverse functions in bacteria, highlighting generalities among bacterial small proteins and similarly sized proteins in eukaryotic organisms and discussing questions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biogenesis and Functionality of Sortase-Assembled Pili in Gram-Positive Bacteria. 革兰氏阳性细菌中分选酶组装的纤毛虫的生物生成和功能。
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-112123-100908
Chungyu Chang, Nicholas A Ramirez, Aadil H Bhat, Minh T Nguyen, Poonam Kumari, HyLam Ton-That, Asis Das, Hung Ton-That
{"title":"Biogenesis and Functionality of Sortase-Assembled Pili in Gram-Positive Bacteria.","authors":"Chungyu Chang, Nicholas A Ramirez, Aadil H Bhat, Minh T Nguyen, Poonam Kumari, HyLam Ton-That, Asis Das, Hung Ton-That","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-112123-100908","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-112123-100908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A unique class of multimeric proteins made of covalently linked subunits known as pili, or fimbriae, are assembled and displayed on the gram-positive bacterial cell surface by a conserved transpeptidase enzyme named pilus-specific sortase. Sortase-assembled pili are produced by a wide range of gram-positive commensal and pathogenic bacteria inhabiting diverse niches such as the human oral cavity, gut, urogenital tract, and skin. These surface appendages serve many functions, including as molecular adhesins, immuno-modulators, and virulence determinants, that significantly contribute to both the commensal and pathogenic attributes of producer microbes. Intensive genetic, biochemical, physiological, and structural studies have been devoted to unveiling the assembly mechanism and functions, as well as the utility of these proteins in vaccine development and other biotechnological applications. We provide a comprehensive review of these topics and discuss the current status and future prospects of the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"403-423"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141981540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the Diversity, Evolution, Ecology, and Applications of Mycoviruses. 了解霉菌病毒的多样性、进化、生态和应用。
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-105358
Jiatao Xie, Daohong Jiang
{"title":"Understanding the Diversity, Evolution, Ecology, and Applications of Mycoviruses.","authors":"Jiatao Xie, Daohong Jiang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-105358","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-105358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycoviruses are widely distributed among various kinds of fungi. Over the past 10 years, more novel mycoviruses have been discovered with the use of high-throughput sequencing techniques, and research on mycoviruses has made fantastic progress, promoting our understanding of the diversity, classification, evolution, and ecology of the entire virosphere. Mycoviruses affect the biological and ecological functions of their hosts, for example, by suppressing or improving hosts' virulence and reproduction ability, and subsequently affect the microbiological community where their hosts live; hence, we may develop mycoviruses to regulate the health of environments, plants, animals, and human beings. In this review, we introduce recently discovered mycoviruses from fungi of humans, animals, plants, and environments, and their diversity, evolution, and ecological characteristics. We also present the potential application of mycoviruses by describing the latest progress on using mycoviruses to control plant diseases. Finally, we discuss the main issues facing mycovirus research in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"595-620"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction. 介绍。
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-mi-78-100324-100001
Susan Gottesman
{"title":"Introduction.","authors":"Susan Gottesman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-mi-78-100324-100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-mi-78-100324-100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":"78 1","pages":"v"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Periplasmic Chaperones: Outer Membrane Biogenesis and Envelope Stress. 外膜伴侣蛋白：外膜生物生成与包膜压力
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102901
Ashton N Combs, Thomas J Silhavy
{"title":"Periplasmic Chaperones: Outer Membrane Biogenesis and Envelope Stress.","authors":"Ashton N Combs, Thomas J Silhavy","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102901","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Envelope biogenesis and homeostasis in gram-negative bacteria are exceptionally intricate processes that require a multitude of periplasmic chaperones to ensure cellular survival. Remarkably, these chaperones perform diverse yet specialized functions entirely in the absence of external energy such as ATP, and as such have evolved sophisticated mechanisms by which their activities are regulated. In this article, we provide an overview of the predominant periplasmic chaperones that enable efficient outer membrane biogenesis and envelope homeostasis in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. We also discuss stress responses that act to combat unfolded protein stress within the cell envelope, highlighting the periplasmic chaperones involved and the mechanisms by which envelope homeostasis is restored.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"191-211"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nucleotide Immune Signaling in CBASS, Pycsar, Thoeris, and CRISPR Antiphage Defense. CBASS、Pycsar、Thoeris 和 CRISPR 反虹吸防御中的核苷酸免疫信号转导。
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041222-024843
Samuel J Hobbs, Philip J Kranzusch
{"title":"Nucleotide Immune Signaling in CBASS, Pycsar, Thoeris, and CRISPR Antiphage Defense.","authors":"Samuel J Hobbs, Philip J Kranzusch","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041222-024843","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041222-024843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteria encode an arsenal of diverse systems that defend against phage infection. A common theme uniting many prevalent antiphage defense systems is the use of specialized nucleotide signals that function as second messengers to activate downstream effector proteins and inhibit viral propagation. In this article, we review the molecular mechanisms controlling nucleotide immune signaling in four major families of antiphage defense systems: CBASS, Pycsar, Thoeris, and type III CRISPR immunity. Analyses of the individual steps connecting phage detection, nucleotide signal synthesis, and downstream effector function reveal shared core principles of signaling and uncover system-specific strategies used to augment immune defense. We compare recently discovered mechanisms used by phages to evade nucleotide immune signaling and highlight convergent strategies that shape host-virus interactions. Finally, we explain how the evolutionary connection between bacterial antiphage defense and eukaryotic antiviral immunity defines fundamental rules that govern nucleotide-based immunity across all kingdoms of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"255-276"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cytoskeleton Organization in Formation and Motility of Apicomplexan Parasites. 寄生虫形成和运动过程中的细胞骨架组织
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041222-011539
Ross G Douglas, Robert W Moon, Friedrich Frischknecht
{"title":"Cytoskeleton Organization in Formation and Motility of Apicomplexan Parasites.","authors":"Ross G Douglas, Robert W Moon, Friedrich Frischknecht","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041222-011539","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041222-011539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apicomplexan parasites are a group of eukaryotic protozoans with diverse biology that have affected human health like no other group of parasites. These obligate intracellular parasites rely on their cytoskeletal structures for giving them form, enabling them to replicate in unique ways and to migrate across tissue barriers. Recent progress in transgenesis and imaging tools allowed detailed insights into the components making up and regulating the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton as well as the alveolate-specific intermediate filament-like cytoskeletal network. These studies revealed interesting details that deviate from the cell biology of canonical model organisms. Here we review the latest developments in the field and point to a number of open questions covering the most experimentally tractable parasites: <i>Plasmodium</i>, the causative agent of malaria; <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis; and <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, a major cause of diarrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"311-335"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Petri Dishes to Patients to Populations: Scales and Evolutionary Mechanisms Driving Antibiotic Resistance. 从培养皿到病人再到群体：驱动抗生素耐药性的规模和进化机制。
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102707
Célia Souque, Indra González Ojeda, Michael Baym
{"title":"From Petri Dishes to Patients to Populations: Scales and Evolutionary Mechanisms Driving Antibiotic Resistance.","authors":"Célia Souque, Indra González Ojeda, Michael Baym","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102707","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-102707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tackling the challenge created by antibiotic resistance requires understanding the mechanisms behind its evolution. Like any evolutionary process, the evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is driven by the underlying variation in a bacterial population and the selective pressures acting upon it. Importantly, both selection and variation will depend on the scale at which resistance evolution is considered (from evolution within a single patient to the host population level). While laboratory experiments have generated fundamental insights into the mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance evolution, the technological advances in whole genome sequencing now allow us to probe antibiotic resistance evolution beyond the lab and directly record it in individual patients and host populations. Here we review the evolutionary forces driving antibiotic resistance at each of these scales, highlight gaps in our current understanding of AMR evolution, and discuss future steps toward evolution-guided interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"361-382"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141981541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconstructing Early Microbial Life. 重建早期微生物生命
IF 8.5 1区 生物学
Annual review of microbiology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-103400
Betül Kaçar
{"title":"Reconstructing Early Microbial Life.","authors":"Betül Kaçar","doi":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-103400","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-micro-041522-103400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For more than 3.5 billion years, life experienced dramatic environmental extremes on Earth. These include shifts from oxygen-less to overoxygenated atmospheres and cycling between hothouse conditions and global glaciations. Meanwhile, an ecological revolution took place. Earth evolved from one dominated by microbial life to one containing the plants and animals that are most familiar today. Many key cellular features evolved early in the history of life, collectively defining the nature of our biosphere and underpinning human survival. Recent advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics have greatly improved our understanding of microbial evolution across deep time. However, the incorporation of molecular genetics, population biology, and evolutionary biology approaches into the study of Precambrian biota remains a significant challenge. This review synthesizes our current knowledge of early microbial life with an emphasis on ancient metabolisms. It also outlines the foundations of an emerging interdisciplinary area that integrates microbiology, paleobiology, and evolutionary synthetic biology to reconstruct ancient biological innovations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7946,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"463-492"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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