Annals of African Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Endotracheal Intubation Comparing Airtraq and McCoy Laryngoscope in Patients with Simulated Cervical Spine Immobilization.","authors":"Prashant Kumar, Pradeep Kumar Moolchandani, Jyoti Sharma, Sanjay Johar, Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Kiranpreet Kaur","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_137_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_137_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sniffing position for laryngoscopy requires flexion of the lower and extension of upper cervical spine and atlanto-occipital joint. Laryngoscopy is challenging in cervical spine pathology. This study was conducted to compare Airtraq with McCoy for ease of intubation in patients with simulated cervical immobilization.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred patients belonging to the American Society of Anaesthesiologists I-III of 20-60 years requiring intubation were randomly allocated into two groups - Group A (Airtraq) and Group M (McCoy laryngoscope). Philadelphia collar was applied in all patients before induction of anesthesia. Parameters observed were the number of attempts for intubation, intubation time, glottic view, intubation difficulty score (IDS), success rate, and hemodynamic changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demographic profiles were comparable. First-attempt success was higher in Group A. Mean intubation time was higher in Group M (P < 0.001). CL Grade 1, 2a, 2b, and 3a in Group A was 66%, 26%, 8%, and 0%, respectively, in Group M was 34%, 48%, 12%, and 6%, respectively (P = 0.008). The percentage of glottic opening score was higher in Group A (P < 0.001). IDS was better in Group A (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both Airtraq and McCoy laryngoscope offer high success rates in simulated difficult airways. However, Airtraq provides improved ease of intubation, better glottic view, and lesser hemodynamic alterations as compared to McCoy laryngoscope.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracotomy for Esophageal Pseudodiverticulum Following Cardiac Surgery.","authors":"Prabhat Nichkaode, Vivek Shukla","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_143_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_143_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Esophageal pseudodiverticulum (EPD), a rare benign condition, is typified by the presence of outpouching flask-shaped lesions across the esophagus. EPD, often secondary to a motility dysfunction, is associated with various condition, however, has not be reported following mitral valve replacement (MVR). We report a case of a 45-year-old male with progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids over 1 month, along with regurgitation and vomiting. Twelve months ago, he had undergone thoracotomy for MVR. Physical examination revealed signs of malnutrition and epigastric tenderness. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a fistulous opening, 33 cm from the incisors, in the lower esophagus. Moreover, endoscopic ultrasound suspected an esophageal fistula. Esophageal pH monitoring and esophageal manometry were normal. The patient underwent a right thoracotomy for diverticulum excision and primary esophageal repair. Postoperatively, the patient remained asymptomatic, with no recurrence of dysphagia at 18 months follow-up. Thus, our case highlights the importance of imaging in the diagnosis of EPD and demonstrates the effectiveness of thoracotomy in the resolution of symptoms with a favorable outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus among Elderly Living with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study in the Urban Area of West Bengal.","authors":"Anuska Maity, Subarna Sinha Mahapatra, Piush Pandey, Rakesh Kumar, Soumit Roy, Raghunath Misra, Sumit Kumar Dash","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_153_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_153_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In view of the latest evidence, dementia is also regarded as type 3 diabetes mellitus (T3DM) due to the important role of brain insulin resistance in its pathogenesis. Our study objectives were to find out the proportion and predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and T3DM (dementia) among the elderly people living with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending a medical college outpatient department (OPD).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted comparing elderly patients from diabetes clinic OPD and general medicine OPD of a medical college in West Bengal. Two groups consisting of 70 participants in each, based on their diabetic status, were made. A predesigned, pretested, and semistructured schedule was prepared incorporating the Alzheimer's questionnaire (AQ). Chi-square and logistics regression were used to find the predictors of MCI, T3DM in each group, and the median AQ score was compared using Mann-Whitney U-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among people with T2DM (PwD), 27 (38.6%) had MCI, and 17 (24.3%) had T3DM. Among people without T2DM, 45 (64.3%) had normal cognition. There was a significant difference in the median AQ score of both groups. A significant association was found between cognitive status and T2DM status (P = 0.004). Among diabetics, female gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 15.38, P = 0.012), primary education (AOR 27.14, P = 0.027), and family history of dementia (AOR 27.65, P = 0.013) were found to be predictors of dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant difference in the proportion of MCI and T3DM among elderly PwD and elderly nondiabetics was noted. Regular screening for T2DM and cognitive status is need of the hour.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motives Influencing Arab Students' Preference for Cardiology: A Cross-sectional Multicenter Study.","authors":"Safaa H Abudawoud, Lateefa Riyad, Fayiz Rahhal, Isra Idris, Omar Kanbr","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_107_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_107_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Choosing a medical specialty is a crucial decision influenced by factors such as personal interest, job opportunities, stability, patient variety, lifestyle, and financial incentives, with gender also playing a role. This study explores factors affecting Arab medical students' preference for cardiology, aiming to address the shortage of cardiologists amidst a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in the region and to promote interest in this specialty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted across Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, and Algeria. A total of 391 clinical-year medical students completed a structured questionnaire covering demographics, specialty preferences, and influencing factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were predominantly aged 18-24 (68.5%) with a balanced gender distribution (57.5% males). While many had completed rotations in internal medicine (81.8%), fewer had done so in cardiology (45.3%). About 47.1% expressed interest in cardiology. Key factors influencing interest included intellectual appeal, salary, national need, scholarship opportunities, and hands-on work. Significant predictors of cardiology interest were completing a cardiology rotation and valuing long-term patient relationships, hands-on work, and intellectual challenges (P < 0.001, P = 0.02, P = 0.04, respectively). Gender, marital status, and children were not significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and the shortage of cardiologists, interest in cardiology among Arab students is promising, exceeding some global trends. Enhancing hands-on experiences, promoting cardiology rotations, and emphasizing cardiology's intellectual and practical aspects may further boost interest. Future research should investigate educational strategies to promote pursuing a career in cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block to Attenuate the Pressor Response of Laryngoscopy and Intubation in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgeries Under General Endotracheal Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Double-blind Study.","authors":"Darshini Shivaramu, Ashwini Narasimha Murthy, K N Archana, Girish Bandigowdanahalli Kumararadhya, Dileep Kumar Annabattula, J S Sujana Theja","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_113_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_113_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are essential for airway management but provoke a transient pressor response characterized by hypertension and tachycardia. This reflex sympathetic stimulation can pose significant risks to patients with cardiovascular comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided bilateral superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB) using 2% lidocaine in attenuating hemodynamic responses and reducing postoperative airway complications during elective surgeries under general anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This randomized double-blind controlled study included 234 adult patients aged 18-60 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists I and II physical status, divided into Group-L (lidocaine, n = 117) and Group-N (normal saline, n = 117). Hemodynamic parameters-heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP)-were recorded at baseline, postinduction, and at defined intervals postlaryngoscopy and intubation. Postextubation complications, including cough, hoarseness, and sore throat, were assessed at 0, 2, 6, and 24 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group-L showed significantly attenuated HR, SBP, DBP, and MAP compared to Group-N (P < 0.001 at all-time points). Postoperative airway complications were significantly lower in Group-L immediately postextubation (P < 0.05) but comparable between groups at 6 and 24 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultrasound-guided SLNB effectively attenuates the pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation and reduces immediate postoperative airway complications. This technique offers a safe and effective strategy for haemodynamic stability in perioperative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Emotional Intelligence of Primigravida Mothers with Breastfeeding Self-efficacy in the Early Postpartum Period and Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates up to 6 Months.","authors":"Priyanka Reddy, Prasanna Mithra, Suchetha S Rao","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_183_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_183_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breastfeeding prevents the mortality and morbidity in children. The psychosocial factors, including breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSES SF), play a crucial role in breastfeeding success. Emotional intelligence (EI) facilitates people to comprehend and manage their own emotions and solve problems. We aimed to investigate the correlation between BSES SF and EI and their relation to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates till 6 months of age.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A hospital-based longitudinal study was undertaken in 185 primigravid women. Breastfeeding self-efficacy scale - short form (BFSE- SF) and EI questionnaire were administered to postnatal mother between 24 and 48 h after labor. The mothers were followed up at 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months, and the feeding pattern was recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participant's mean age was 24.6 (±3.8) years. Mean BFSE SF score was 60.4(±5.8). The mean EI score of the study subjects was 112 (±20.3). Mean EI scores showed a significant positive correlation with the BFSE SF scores (r 0.38, P < 0.001). EBF practices were seen in 96.8% of the infants at 2 months, 86.5% at 4 months, and 71.4% at 6 months, respectively. EBF practices at 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months showed a significant association with BFSE SF scores but not with EI scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed a positive correlation between the BFSE SF scores and EI scores. Breastfeeding self-efficacy was a determinant of exclusive breastfeeding practices till 6 months of age. EI did not have any association with exclusive breast-feeding practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered Eating Attitudes and its Psychological Determinants among Students in India: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Siddheesh Rajpurohit, Balaji Musunuri, Pooja Basthi Mohan, Shiran Shetty, Ganesh Bhat","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_131_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_131_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eating disorders (EDs) are one of the least understood and most challenging to diagnose psychiatric disorders, seen particularly among adolescents. The current study sought to identify the psychological determinants that are associated with increased risk of EDs among students in India.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among students of a private university. The survey included demographic details, questionnaires regarding ED risk using Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), and short questionnaires for screening of anxiety and depression using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the students was 22.2 ± 3.39, majority being female students (65.8%). A high risk of ED with EAT-26 score ≥20 was noted among 20%, while 34.8% and 33.4% of the participants had a high risk of depression and anxiety, respectively. Risk factors associated with high risk of ED were females (P < 0.001), those currently doing undergraduate course (P = 0.036), more hours spent on social media including over-the-top platforms (P = 0.008), and history of trauma (P < 0.001). Psychological factors contributing to ED risk included a high risk of anxiety or depression and altered perspectives regarding their own body image.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of disordered eating risk is high among university students in India. Several psychological and sociocultural factors are associated with a high risk of ED among students.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-guided Quadratus Lumborum Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Nephrectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Priyanka Shrivastava, Ridhima Sharma, Khushboo Saran, Jay Prakash, Amit Kumar, Khushboo Shrivastava, Ramesh Kumar Kharwar, Dipali Singh, Saket Verma","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_108_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_108_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) is used for intraoperative and postoperative pain relief in laparoscopic total and partial nephrectomy. The analgesic efficacy of QLB in nephrectomy remains under-explored and needs evaluation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was done to assess the effectiveness of preoperative QLB for nephrectomy. The primary objective was to evaluate postoperative opioid consumption following laparoscopic total and partial nephrectomy. In total nephrectomy, the opioid requirement was recorded at 24 h interval. In partial nephrectomy patients, postoperative opioid requirement was recorded at 6-12 h, 12-24 h and 24-48 h. The secondary objective was to assess the incidence of nausea and vomiting in both the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single-shot QLB was compared with no block or sham block in laparoscopic total and partial nephrectomy. In total laparoscopic nephrectomy, significant reduction of postoperative opioid consumption in patients with QLB (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -549.11, 456.07; P = 0.004) than the control group seen. Nausea was 35% lower in the QLB group than the control group (risk ratio [RR]: 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.39-1.10). In partial nephrectomy, QLB group had less opioid use at 6-12 h (WMD: -6.23, 95% CI: -9.76--2.70), 12-24 h (WMD: -5.40, 95% CI: -10.10--0.70) and 24-48 h (WMD: -1.12, 95% CI: -6.52-4.29). Partial nephrectomy group QLB showed 28% decrease in the vomiting than the control group (RR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.3-1.50).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant reduction in the requirement of postoperative opioid, nausea and vomiting in group receiving single-shot QLB in laparoscopic nephrectomy patients was seen. The results suggest that QLB can serve as an important part of multimodal analgesia strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vildagliptin and its Association with Bullous Pemphigoid.","authors":"Ameena Meah, K Snigdha Reddy, K A Rajeshwari","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_78_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_78_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease usually seen among the elderly and in conditions like stroke and dementia. It has been associated with various trigger factors and has an incidence of 0.2-3 per 1 lakh with an increase in recent times. Out of the various known triggers, drugs play a major role. Gliptins, a common group of antidiabetic medications used for the control of blood glucose levels routinely among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, have common adverse reactions like headache, weakness, and nausea with rare presentations of skin lesions. We report three cases of elderly diabetics who were on vildagliptin for routine diabetic control, who further developed blistering disease. On evaluation of the skin lesions, a diagnosis of BP was made and confirmed with the help of direct immunofluorescence test. Routine symptomatic management and topical steroids had no role to play in the improvement of symptoms, which led to the suspicion of drug-induced BP. Patients had significantly improved since the discontinuation of vildagliptin with complete resolution over a period. Thus, these case reports help us understand the association of vildagliptin and BP, which was previously not well understood. Considering the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in India and extensive use of various antidiabetic drugs, complete understanding of adverse reactions helps and guides physicians regarding treatment choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of End-tidal Sevoflurane Concentration Required for Optimal Depth of Anesthesia during Opioid-free General Anesthesia Using Intravenous Lignocaine versus Morphine.","authors":"Sunil Rajan, Gayathri Sreekumar, Roniya Ann Roy, Fazil Haleel, Maneesh Sheela Manikandan, Jerry Paul","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_167_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_167_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>In opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) protocol, intravenous lignocaine can offer perioperative analgesic benefits. However, maintaining adequate anesthetic depth during OFA, particularly with neuromuscular blockade, poses a challenge due to the unreliable nature of hemodynamic parameters as indicators of anesthetic depth. We aimed to compare the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration needed to maintain bispectral index (BIS) values of 40-60 in patients undergoing major head-and-neck cancer surgery using lignocaine-based OFA versus a morphine-based regimen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, randomized, double-blind study enrolled 30 patients undergoing wide excision and reconstruction for head-and-neck cancer. Group L received a lignocaine bolus (1.5 mg/kg) and infusion (1 mg/kg/h), while Group B received a morphine bolus (0.2 mg/kg) and 2 mg/h infusion. Propofol was used to induce anesthesia, and nasal intubation was carried out. Sevoflurane in a 1:1 air-oxygen mixture was used for maintenance, titrated to maintain BIS values between 40 and 60. Additional analgesics were added if indicated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>End-tidal sevoflurane concentration and sevoflurane consumption were significantly higher in Group L. Hypertension was significantly more frequent in Group L and required significantly more additional analgesics (P < 0.001). Mean heart rate was higher in Group L immediately after induction and at 1 min postintubation, while it was lower at 60 min postintubation. Neither group reported any incidence of intraoperative awareness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lignocaine-based OFA required a significantly higher end-tidal sevoflurane to maintain sufficient anesthetic depth compared to morphine-based anesthesia. In addition, sevoflurane use, intraoperative hypertension, and the need for supplemental analgesics were notably greater in the OFA group.</p>","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}