Hajime Nagahata, Nodoka Komori, Mayu Fukutome, Tomochika Sugiura, Keiichi Hisaeda, Satoshi Gondaira, Hidetoshi Higuchi, Tatsuya Ando, Ken Nakada
{"title":"Changes in mammary infection status in dairy cows during the dry period using dry cow therapy approaches on three farms","authors":"Hajime Nagahata, Nodoka Komori, Mayu Fukutome, Tomochika Sugiura, Keiichi Hisaeda, Satoshi Gondaira, Hidetoshi Higuchi, Tatsuya Ando, Ken Nakada","doi":"10.1111/asj.13993","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.13993","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This case study evaluated the mammary infection status of dairy cows during the dry periods and explored the associated problems in their quarters with dry cow therapy (DCT). This study assessed intramammary infections, antibiotic efficacy, and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens in 464-quarter milk samples from 59 dairy cows during the dry periods after applying blanket DCT, non-DCT, and selective DCT approaches on three farms. The recovery rates of intramammary infections were 95% (19/20 quarters) with blanket DCT on farm A, 70% (14/20) with non-DCT on farm B, and 19% (4/21) with selective DCT on farm C. Analysis of mammary infections in cows with DCT revealed that mammary infections were controlled by blanket DCT, well controlled by non-DCT, and substantial problems remained in selective DCT. Lower intramammary infection prevalence in the quarters at postpartum appeared to be associated with higher recovery of mammary infections, fewer new infections, and lower uncured mammary infections within the herds. Antibacterial resistance in 14 coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated to six antimicrobial drugs was suggested to be linked to antibiotic use on the farm. Follow-up studies on the quarter-based infection status with DCT will assist in improving mastitis control in cows during the dry period.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic parameters of behavior traits of beef cattle classified using wearable devices","authors":"Akio Onogi, Riku Fujii, Toshio Watanabe, Atsushi Ogino, Masakazu Shinomiya, Kazuhito Kurogi","doi":"10.1111/asj.14002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.14002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the development of wearable devices, it is now possible to monitor livestock behavior 24 h a day. In this study, we estimated the genetic parameters of the daily duration of six behaviors (feeding, moving, lying, standing, ruminating while lying, and ruminating while standing) in beef cattle, automatically classified using wearable devices. The devices were attached to 332 Japanese beef cattle at two stations for approximately 5 months. We compared repeatability, Poisson regression, and random regression models using the deviance information criterion. Poisson regression models were selected for all traits at each station, probably because of the non-normal distribution of the phenotypes. The heritability estimates by the Poisson regression models were moderate at each station: 0.67 and 0.68 for feeding, 0.68 and 0.53 for moving, 0.47 and 0.55 for lying, 0.45 and 0.40 for standing, 0.51 and 0.59 for ruminating while lying, and 0.37 and 0.45 for ruminating while standing. The genetic correlations between these traits were all negative at both stations, whereas the residual correlations showed different directions depending on the station. Although validation studies with larger populations are needed to confirm these findings, this study provides fundamental knowledge of the genetic basis of daily behavior in beef cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of bakery by-products containing high starch and sugar","authors":"Sandi Nayohan, Miyu Sekoguchi, Yoshimasa Nishikawa, Masaya Matamura, Anuraga Jayanegara, Hiroki Matsui, Makoto Kondo","doi":"10.1111/asj.14000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.14000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objectives of this study were to evaluate the nutritional characteristics of bakery by-products (castella, pancake, baumkuchen) and their effect on rumen fermentation in vitro as compared with steam-flaked corn and barley as human-edible grains. The fermentation pattern of sugar and starch as pure components was also investigated. Additionally, rumen pH was evaluated using a low-capacity buffer. Bakery by-products contained high sugar (212–590 g/kg DM) and starch (262–545 g/kg DM). Castella exhibited the highest sugar content, whereas pancake and baumkuchen were rich in starch and ether extract within bakery by-products, respectively. The gas production rate at the early phase of incubation was higher in bakery by-products than in grains, and the highest in castella among all feeds. Bakery by-products produced higher total organic acids and propionate than grains. Bakery by-products also exhibited a lower rumen pH than grains during twenty-four hours of incubation with a low-capacity buffer. As pure components, sucrose showed a higher gas production rate and lower pH than starch. Overall, compared with grains, bakery by-products have the potential not only to supply more energy to ruminants but also decrease rumen pH because sugar and starch in bakery by-products ferment rapidly and produce higher organic acids in the rumen.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asj.14000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protective effects of sodium humate on the intestinal barrier damage of Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged broilers","authors":"Weiming Ma, Xing Zou, Xinyu Sun, Wenzhe Wang, Kexin Liu, Yanjun He, Yun Liu, Dong Wang","doi":"10.1111/asj.14004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.14004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Salmonella Typhimurium</i> (<i>S. Typhimurium</i>) infections can lead to severe intestinal damage and reduce growth performance in broilers. Thus, this study examined the potential mitigating impact of sodium humate (HNa) on intestinal barrier damage resulting from <i>S. Typhimurium</i> infection in broilers. A total of 320 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned into 5 treatments with 8 replicates. On d 22–24, broilers in the CON group were challenged with 1 ml of PBS, while broilers in the other groups were challenged with 1 ml of 3 × 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/ml <i>S. Typhimurium</i>, daily. Dietary administration with 4 g/kg of HNa increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) the final body weight, jejunal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels as compared with the MOD group broilers. Furthermore, HNa alleviated intestinal barrier damage by increasing villus height (VH), upregulating protein expression of Occludin, Claudin-1, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway activation, and decreasing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Collectively, the present study showed that HNa mitigated intestinal barrier damage induced by <i>S. Typhimurium</i> infection in broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of parity, calving season, and previous lactation's milk yield on fertility of dairy cows on a commercial farm","authors":"Yosuke Sasaki, Seishiro Kaneda, Tomoya Minamino, Kazuyuki Honkawa, Yoichiro Horii","doi":"10.1111/asj.13998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.13998","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the effects of parity, season, and the previous lactation's milk yield on fertility in dairy cows. A total of 5,514 calving records for Holstein cows that calved between 2016 and 2018 on a single large dairy farm in Japan were used for analysis. The proportion of cows that get pregnant by 360 days after calving was defined as the percentage of all cows eligible for breeding that became pregnant. In the all-cow model, pregnancy probability associated with both parity and calving season (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Pregnancy probability decreased with an increase in parity, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.75 (1.58–1.94) for parity 1, 1.25 (1.13–1.39) for parity 2, 1.15 (1.04–1.29) for parity 3, and 1.13 (1.00–1.27) for parity 4, relative to parity ≥5. In terms of calving season, the lowest pregnancy probability was found in spring, and the HRs relative to spring were 1.16 (1.07–1.26) for summer, 1.35 (1.24–1.47) for autumn, and 1.17 (1.07–1.27) for winter. In the multiparous-cow model, pregnancy probability associated with the previous lactation's milk yield (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but not with parity or calving season. Cows with high and middle previous milk yields had lower pregnancy probabilities than those with low milk yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PMEL p.L18del associates with beef quality of Kumamoto sub-breed of Japanese Brown cattle","authors":"Taito Yamashita, Toko Hatakeyama, Syun Hashimoto, Toshiaki Inenaga, Atsushi Kashimura, Hirokazu Matsumoto","doi":"10.1111/asj.14003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.14003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Japanese Brown cattle is the second most popular breed among Wagyu breeds and raised mainly in Kumamoto and Kochi Prefectures. Typical coat color of the Kumamoto sub-breed is solid brown, but individuals with diluted coat color are sometimes born. We previously detected four SNPs in <i>PMEL</i> gene and identified p.L18del as the causative polymorphism of this diluted phenotype. The current study examined the association between the SNPs in <i>PMEL</i> gene and carcass traits of the Kumamoto sub-breed. Our association analysis revealed that p.L18del had significant effects on BMS (<i>p</i> = 0.0263), meat brightness (<i>p</i> = 0.0179), meat firmness (<i>p</i> = 0.0102), and meat texture (<i>p</i> = 0.0252) and that del allele of this SNP might be useful to improve these carcass traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gamal A. Mousa, Ahmed E. Kholif, Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez, Mohamed M. Abdo, Ola G. A. Hassan
{"title":"Rocket seed meal (Eruca sativa) can replace soybean meal in fattening lamb diets improving performance, protein metabolism, and economic balance","authors":"Gamal A. Mousa, Ahmed E. Kholif, Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez, Mohamed M. Abdo, Ola G. A. Hassan","doi":"10.1111/asj.13994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.13994","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study determined the effects of replacing different levels of soybean meal (SBM) with rocket seed cake (RSC) in the diets of growing lambs on feed utilization and growth performance. Twenty-eight male lambs (180 ± 5 d old) were divided into four groups in a complete randomized design with repeated measures for 105 d. Soybean meal was replaced with RSC at 0% (RSC0), 25% (RSC25), 50% (RSC50), and 75% (RSC75). The RSC75 group had the lowest final weight, total weight gain, and daily weight gain. The RSC25 increased (P < 0.001) the intakes of DM, starch value (SV), total digestible nutrients (TDN), digestible energy (DE), and digestible crude protein (DCP) compared to the other diets, while the RSC75 decreased these values. Moreover, the RSC25 decreased (P < 0.05) feed conversion of DM compared to other diets. Treatments did not affect nutrient digestibility or diet's nutritive values expressed as true SV, TDN, DCP, and DE. The RSC linearly increased albumin and urea and lowered the high-density lipoprotein concentrations in lamb's blood. The inclusion of RSC in the diet increased economic efficiency, with the highest relative percentages of net revenue with the RSC25. Overall, RSC can replace SBM at 25% in the diet of growing lambs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/asj.13994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong Peng Duan, Ya Zhi Yang, Yue Cao, Hao Ming Li, Ze Wei Hu, Ri Liang Cao, Zhen Yu Liu
{"title":"Path planning optimization for swine manure-cleaning robots through enhanced slime mold algorithm with cellular automata","authors":"Yong Peng Duan, Ya Zhi Yang, Yue Cao, Hao Ming Li, Ze Wei Hu, Ri Liang Cao, Zhen Yu Liu","doi":"10.1111/asj.13992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.13992","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the primary challenges for robotic manure cleaners in pig farming is to plan the shortest path to designated cleaning points under specified conditions with minimal processing cost and time, while avoiding collisions. However, pigs are randomly distributed in actual pig farms, which obstructs the robots' movement and complicates the rapid determination of optimal solutions. To address these issues, this study introduces the concept of interaction among cellular automaton cell neighborhoods and proposes the Cellular Automata Slime Mold Algorithm (CASMA). This enhanced slime mold algorithm accelerates convergence speed and improves search accuracy. To validate its effectiveness, CASMA was compared with four metaheuristic algorithms (ACO, FA, PSO, and WPA) through performance tests and simulated experiments. Results demonstrate that in complex pigsty environments with varying numbers of pigs, CASMA reduces average step consumption by 8.03%, 1.61%, 0.99%, and 4.26% compared with these algorithms and saves processing time by averages of 13.20%, 20.11%, 10.86%, and 6.4%, respectively. In addition, in dynamic obstacle experiments, CASMA achieved average time savings of 48.27% and 56.28% compared with A* and TS, respectively, while reducing step consumption. Overall, CASMA enhances the efficiency of manure-cleaning robots in pig farms, thereby improving animal welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maternal genetic phylogeography analysis of Kyrgyz native cattle","authors":"Ayin, Ryo Masuko, Naho Kakutani, Fuki Kawaguchi, Shinji Sasazaki, Sanjar Sultankulov, Asankadyr Zhunushov, Masahide Nishibori, Takahiro Yonezawa, Hideyuki Mannen","doi":"10.1111/asj.13999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.13999","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents the first mitochondrial DNA analysis of native cattle in Kyrgyzstan, examining sequences from the D-loop region of 20 Kyrgyz native cattle. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to estimate the genetic diversity and lineages, revealing two major haplogroups (T and I). Regional analysis showed a significant frequency difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between these haplogroups: Haplogroup I was found to be more prevalent (0.556) in the lower elevation areas (elevation ~1000 m) and less prevalent (0.100) in the higher elevations (elevation ~2500 to 3000 m), suggesting that environmental factors influence genetic distribution among Kyrgyz cattle. Three sub-haplogroups T2, T3, and T4 were observed within major haplogroup T, whereas only one sub-haplogroup (I1) was observed in this study. We also compared the distribution patterns of haplogroups T and I in Kyrgyz with those of some areas in Asia previously reported and found that in Central and Northeast Asia, haplogroup T was dominant, but the gene flow of haplogroup I was also present. The results of this study underscore the importance of regional environmental factors, including altitude, in shaping the genetic structure of livestock populations and would be useful to understand the historical movements and adaptations of Kyrgyz native cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement of nonsurgical artificial insemination with cryopreserved spermatozoa in Alexandromys montebelli, Japanese grass vole","authors":"Konosuke Okada, Astuko Kageyama","doi":"10.1111/asj.13990","DOIUrl":"10.1111/asj.13990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Microtus</i> genus is the herbivorous animal with multiple stomachs, and some of them possess a mating system similar to human and thereby has been expected as a model animal for the large herbivory and human mating system model, respectively. Thus, it is significant to maintain <i>Microtus</i> as an animal genetic resource. We have studied the establishment of assisted reproductive technologies in <i>Alexandromys. montebelli</i> (formerly as <i>Microtus motebelli</i>: <i>A</i>. <i>motebelli</i>), and here, we investigated the effects of hypotaurine treatment to frozen–thawed (FT) spermatozoa and modified timing of nonsurgical artificial insemination (AI) on the number of offspring. As the results, regardless of without or with hypotaurine treatment, when the timing of nonsurgical AI was made closer to the estimated ovulation time (at 7–9 h post coitus), the total number of offspring derived from FT spermatozoa (27 and 28 pups, respectively) increased compared with AI at 4–6 h (five and six pups, respectively) and was equivalent to those of fresh spermatozoa (43 pups) or natural mating (33 pups). These results will lead to further dissemination of nonsurgical AI and could support the “3R principle,” which is the standard philosophy of animal experiment because the procedure declines the stress and the recipient can be used repeatedly.</p>","PeriodicalId":7890,"journal":{"name":"Animal Science Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}