Silicon最新文献

{"title":"Preparation of Coal Gasification Coarse Slag-Based Mesoporous Silica and Regulation of Microscopic Morphology","authors":"Xuxu Fu,&nbsp;Yanhua Teng,&nbsp;Xinyu Fang,&nbsp;Changguo Xue,&nbsp;Jinjie Song,&nbsp;Yuhang Guo,&nbsp;Hanxu Li","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03696-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03696-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coal Gasification Crude Slurry (CGCS) is rich in silicon and aluminum elements and possesses a natural porous structure, making it a promising candidate for developing a large-scale, low-cost, and highly efficient inorganic silicon source. Due to its complex composition and irregular morphology, regulating its pore structure is essential to expand its applications. Using three cationic quaternary ammonium salt templates-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), 1 hexadecyl 3 methylimidazolium bromide ([C₁₆MIm]Br₃), and octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (OTAB) the microstructure of mesoporous SiO₂ based on CGCS was effectively controlled under conditions of pH = 1, surfactant concentration 3 × 10^–5 mol L⁻¹, CGCS liquid-to-solid ratio 8:1, and aging at 90°C. SEM and TEM analyses revealed dendritic, layered, and cauliflower-like microstructures. XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed an amorphous microstructure. BET and BJH analyses indicated a two-dimensional pore network with pore sizes of 4.04–4.63 nm and specific surface areas of 656–818 m² g⁻¹. The template agent promoted the rearrangement of silicate units [SiO₄]⁴⁻ and [Si₂O₇]⁶⁻, preserving lattice integrity while enhancing structural order and porosity. In this study, the preparation process is simple and inexpensive, and the cationic templates can be used to extract mesoporous SiO₂ with different surface morphology from CGCS, which has a good application prospect as an inorganic silicon source.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"3001 - 3009"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice Straw-Derived Silica Nanoparticles via a Combustion-Free Route: Physicochemical Properties and Dye Removal Potential","authors":"Ghada M. Mohamed,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Selim,&nbsp;Reham M. Aboelenin,&nbsp;Sohair A. Sayed Ahmed,&nbsp;Doaa M. EL-Mekkawi","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03697-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03697-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amorphous silica nanoparticles were sustainably synthesized from rice straw waste via a simple non-combustive route involving alkaline extraction, acid precipitation, and calcination. The process yielded up to 18.9% silica recovery, closely matching the 20% ash produced by combustion at 1000 °C. Two variants were prepared: plain SiO₂ (without additives) and ethylene glycol-assisted SiO₂-G, which represents a distinctive strategy to tailor silica’s physicochemical properties. Characterization revealed semi-spherical, mesoporous nanoparticles, with SiO₂-G (2–19 nm) exhibiting higher surface area (402 m²/g) and more uniform morphology than plain SiO₂ (5–29 nm, 174 m²/g), which showed a more fragile and heterogeneous structure. Over 95% of dye equilibrium capacity was reached within 10 min, indicating rapid uptake. Despite its lower surface area and less uniformity, plain SiO₂ showed superior adsorption capacities, 75 mg/g for methylene blue and 285 mg/g for astrazon blue, compared to SiO₂-G (49 mg/g and 136 mg/g, respectively), attributed to its higher density of free silanol groups. Compared to literature values, both silica variants exhibited competitive performance, surpassing several conventional and silica-based adsorbents, including those derived from rice residues. This work introduces a low-cost, eco-friendly route for dye remediation using agricultural waste, with ethylene glycol modification offering a promising avenue for future material design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2983 - 2999"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorisation of Citric Fruit Peel Ceramic Biosilica and Coconut Husk Fibre for the Development of Biocomposites for Safe Environmental Application: Fabrication and Characterization","authors":"S. Vinodha,&nbsp;G. Yuvaraj,&nbsp;V. Selvam,&nbsp;E. Balaji","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03692-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03692-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Growing emphasis on sustainable development, greener economy, and circular economy concepts has accelerated innovation in material science, particularly toward reducing the dependency on petrochemical-based compounds. Consequently, extensive research has been directed toward the development of eco-friendly biocomposites. The present study investigates the fabrication and characterization of vinyl ester composites reinforced with silane-treated coconut husk micro-fibres and surface-modified biosilica particles derived from lemon peel. The novelty of this research lies in the synergistic reinforcement effect achieved by combining natural fibre and biosilica filler, both chemically modified to enhance interfacial adhesion. The composites were fabricated using the stir-casting technique and evaluated for mechanical, wear, thermal conductivity, and water contact angle behaviour in accordance with ASTM standards.Among the fabricated specimens, the composite VCB2 (40 vol.% fibre and 3 vol.% biosilica) exhibited the highest mechanical performance, with tensile, flexural, compressive, and impact strengths of 94 MPa, 141 MPa, 108 MPa, and 4.28 J, respectively. Increasing the biosilica content to 5 vol.% (VCB3) resulted in slightly reduced tensile and impact strength but improved hardness (83 Shore-D), wear resistance (specific wear rate 0.009 mm3/Nm), lower coefficient of friction (0.18), and enhanced thermal conductivity (0.304 W/m·K). The contact angle measurement of 72° for VCB3 indicated improved surface wettability compared to the neat resin, suggesting moderate hydrophilicity due to the presence of hydroxyl and silanol groups. However, the silane treatment stabilized the fibre and filler interface, preventing excessive moisture absorption and enabling the composite to retain adequate hydrophobic resistance over time. Owing to its high strength-to-weight ratio, improved wear and thermal properties, low density, and eco-friendly nature, the developed biocomposite demonstrates strong potential for applications in automotive interior components, aerospace panel laminates, air-conditioning casings, and civil or marine structural applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2969 - 2981"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Alkali Activators for Geopolymer Concrete: A Systematic Review of Macro- and Microstructural Properties","authors":"Mohana Rajendran,&nbsp;Chithambar Ganesh A","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03703-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03703-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has gained attention as a sustainable alternative to Portland cement-based concrete due to its reduced carbon emissions and favorable mechanical properties<b>.</b> However, its broader application is limited by the high cost and carbon footprint associated with commercial alkaline activators. To address this, recent studies have explored the use of alternative activators derived from commercial and agro-industrial wastes, aiming to improve the environmental and economic viability of GPC. This review evaluates the performance of GPC incorporating waste-derived activators, with insights from microstructural analyses such as Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Analysis. These activators demonstrated enhanced dissolution rates and nucleation effects, promoting the formation of reaction products like C-A-S–H, N-A-S–H, and K-A-S–H gels. For instance, dedust and rice husk ash (RHA) reduced initial setting time by 64% and 57%, respectively. Compressive strength increased by 16.4% with dedust and 4% with silica fume (SF), while flexural strength improved by 47% with olive biomass ash (OBA) and 28% with RHA. In terms of durability, paper sludge and wood biomass ash (WBA) reduced water absorption by 22% and 13%, respectively, and SF reduced drying shrinkage by 25% compared to commercial activators. Cost–benefit analysis further confirms the economic feasibility of these alternatives. While the results are promising, further research is needed to fully understand the environmental impacts and long-term performance of waste-derived activators in GPC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2941 - 2967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Tolerance to Freezing Stress Under the Influence of Potassium Silicate Foliar Application with Emphasis on Photosynthetic Metabolism and Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Jafar Nabati,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Ahmadi-Lahijani,&nbsp;Nazanin Miri,&nbsp;Hossein Matinzadeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Bagher Ghannadtoosi,&nbsp;Morteza Goldani,&nbsp;Mehdi Parsa","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03691-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03691-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Temperature is a key environmental factor that influences plant growth. Low temperatures reduce crop yields, while silicon and potassium help strengthen plants’ resistance to environmental stresses. The ameliorating effects of the foliar application of potassium silicate (K₂SiO₃) on the freezing-stressed (zero (control), -12, -20, and − 25°C) barley plants at two stress exposure durations (SED; 2 and 5 h) were investigated. The results showed that when the temperature decreased to -20°C, plant survival rate decreased; however, K₂SiO₃ increased plant survival and improved leaf water status at temperatures up to -12°C. K₂SiO₃ also reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage (EL), and improved cell membrane integrity. The highest H₂O₂ activity was recorded at -20°C under the control at 2 h, while K₂SiO₃ at -12°C decreased H₂O₂ activity. The electron transport rate (ETR) increased over time by K₂SiO₃, and at 96 h of the recovery period, K₂SiO₃-treated plants showed ~ 47 times higher ETR than the control. The PSII potential (<i>F</i>_<i>v</i><i>’/F</i>_<i>m</i><i>’</i>) and operational (<i>F</i>_<i>q</i><i>’/F</i>_<i>m</i><i>’</i>) efficiencies were higher in the K₂SiO₃-treated plants than in the control. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that flavonoid content, chlorophyll a and b, H₂O₂, total phenols, root and leaf EL, and <i>F</i>_<i>v</i><i>’/F</i>_<i>m</i><i>’</i> were most correlated with the first component and plant survival, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity, dry weight, leaf relative water content, proline, and MDA with the second component. The results of cluster analysis showed a close relationship between the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the photosynthetic pigments. In general, K₂SiO₃ can increase the tolerance of barley plants to freezing stress, especially at lower temperatures and longer SED. These analyses can be beneficial in developing management strategies to improve plant resistance to freezing stress, including the application of K₂SiO₃.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2909 - 2925"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Novel 2D Materials-Based MEMS Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor","authors":"Yuvraj Singh,&nbsp;Gulshan Kumar,&nbsp;Harsh Ranjan,&nbsp;Himanshu Jangir,&nbsp;Shilpi Birla,&nbsp;Saurabh Kumar Pandey","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03699-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03699-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work presents a simulation-based comparison of MEMS piezoresistive pressure sensors using Boron-Doped Graphene (BDG), MXene, Single Crystal Silicon, and Polycrystalline Silicon. The sensors were analyzed for pressure ranges from 0 to 100 kPa and diaphragm thicknesses between 20 µm and 40 µm. Under 100 kPa, Boron-Doped Graphene showed the highest von Mises stress of 432 MPa, while MXene, Single Crystal Si, and Poly-Si recorded 233 MPa, 109 MPa, and 103 MPa, respectively. Electric potential distribution reached up to 2.96 V for all materials, but with higher localization in Boron-Doped Graphene. Output voltage at 100 kPa was approximately 540 mV (Graphene), 690 mV (MXene), 1.505 V (Single Si), and 1.530 V (Poly-Si). A uniform flat-diaphragm structure without any stress concentrators was used to ensure reliable sensitivity evaluation at normal room temperature with nonlinearity of 0.18% FS. Boron-Doped Graphene (38.9 mV/V/bar) and MXene (10.54 mV/V/bar) show notably higher sensitivity and flexibility than silicon-based materials (0.72–4.09 mV/V/bar), enabling next-generation high-performance MEMS sensors. Normalized sensitivity and stress trends confirm Boron-Doped Graphene as a strong candidate for high-performance pressure sensing in MEMS applications. BDG and MXene-based sensors offer high precision in detecting small pressure changes, low power operation, and excellent stability under strain, making them well-suited for biomedical, wearable, and flexible electronic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2927 - 2939"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Analysis in Thermo-optic Mach–Zehnder Switch with Insulating Trench Based on SOI","authors":"Yuchi Jiang,&nbsp;Fengzhi Li","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03688-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03688-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we propose the schematic configuration of the thermo-optic switch with air trench and simulate the relative temperature variation, thermal crosstalk and response time in the silicon waveguide using the finite element method. Results show that higher thermal efficiency and less switching power with 14.9milliwatt can be obtained in the thermo-optic switch with air isolating trench. Meanwhile, the extinction ratio of larger than 18.5 dB is obtained for the trench structure when considering the thermal crosstalk between two phase shifters. The short response time including rising time of 18us and falling time of 17us means the proposed thermo-optic switch has great advantages in enhancing the stability and usability in optical networking.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2903 - 2908"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conversion of Agricultural Wastes into Value-Added Silicate-Based Glass Ceramics for Wide Band Gap Application","authors":"Venu Chaudhary,&nbsp;Rajni Kansal,&nbsp;Kulvir Singh","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03686-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03686-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wheat husk ash (WHA) and sugarcane leaf ash (SCLA) are secondary wastes of agricultural residues. The ashes of these two wastes are heat-treated at 1400 °C for 6 h. These samples are analysed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible) spectroscopy. Both samples largely contain silicates, along with minor amounts of alkali and alkaline earth oxides. XRD confirmed the presence of cristobalite, tridymite, and quartz along with an amorphous matrix. The amount of quartz is ~ 5% along with amorphous phase in WHA sample. Contrary to this, SCLA precursor sample contained higher content of two different crystalline phases i.e. 57% (cristobalite and tridymite) with 43% amorphous phase. The optical band gaps are 3.88 eV and 3.70 eV for SCLA and WHA-derived samples, respectively. The dielectric constant of SCLA and WHA samples is 4.97 and 4.81, respectively. The present findings demonstrate that the above-mentioned secondary wastes can be directly converted, using solid state reaction technique, into wide band gap, low dielectric constant materials for engineering and medical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2893 - 2902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silane–Nano Hybrid “Dual-Lock” Molecular Bridge Reconstructing Waste Rubber Powder Surface: Reversible Energy-Dissipating Microstructure Enhances the Mechanical Properties of Cement Sheaths in Gas Storage Well","authors":"Qian Feng,&nbsp;Yu Long,&nbsp;Xinglong Zhao,&nbsp;Zhigang Peng,&nbsp;Yong Zheng,&nbsp;Xuejie Li","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03679-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03679-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The integrity of cement sheaths in underground gas storage wells is critically challenged by cyclic thermo-mechanical loads during frequent gas injection/production cycles. To address this, enhancing the cement's elasticity and toughness is essential. This study introduces a surface-modified waste rubber powder (MWRP), designed to significantly improve the mechanical performance of cement. MWRP was synthesized by loading a nano-SiO₂ layer onto waste rubber powder(RP) using a sol–gel process with TEOS and a silane coupling agent, creating a \"dual-lock\" molecular bridge at the interface. The modified powder exhibited a transition from hydrophobic (contact angle 134.4°) to hydrophilic (contact angle 68.7°), with vastly improved dispersion in water. Compared to a cement matrix with RP, that with 3% MWRP saw flexural and compressive strengths rise by 16.92% and 52.13%, initial and final cracking impact energy surge by 119.99% and 44.44%, elastic modulus drops by 6.89%, and toughness gains by 9.78%. SEM analysis revealed that the performance improvement is attributed to two key mechanisms: the nano-SiO₂ coating provides strong \"physical anchoring\" with the cement matrix, while its abundant surface hydroxyl groups form \"chemical anchoring\" with C-S–H gel. This synergistic interface strengthening allows MWRP to act as an efficient energy-dissipating phase, inhibiting crack propagation and improving the overall toughness and durability of the cement sheath under dynamic loads. This approach not only improves cement properties but also offers an eco-friendly pathway for waste tire valorization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2875 - 2891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148433798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Analysis of Mg2Si Source Based Vertical Quantum Tunneling Transistor to Enhance DC Switching Performance and its Application as Biosensors","authors":"Maryam Raza,&nbsp;Imran Ahmed Khan,&nbsp;M. Nizamuddin,&nbsp;Aadil Anam","doi":"10.1007/s12633-026-03682-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-026-03682-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, a novel Mg₂Si source-based double-gate vertical TFET (DG-VTFET) is proposed, where magnesium silicide (Mg₂Si)—a low bandgap material—is employed as a source material engineering (SME) approach to replace the conventional silicon source in a silicon-based vertical TFET. Using a silicide with a reduced bandgap, along with the conduction band discontinuities with silicon formed at the heterointerface, enhances band-to-band tunneling and improves carrier transport. The impact of temperature variation on electrical characteristics is also investigated to assess reliability over a wide operating range from 200 to 600 K. Furthermore, a dielectric-modulated biosensor architecture is explored by immobilizing biomolecules inside a sensing cavity and varying the dielectric constant (k) from 1 to 12 for cavity thicknesses of 2 nm, 3 nm, and 4 nm, confirming clear sensitivity trends with respect to permittivity and cavity geometry. For the proposed device, the extracted ON-current (I_ON), OFF-current (I_OFF), and subthreshold swing are 9.488 × 10⁻⁵ A/µm, 2.265 × 10⁻¹⁴ A/µm, and 33.6 mV/dec, respectively, indicating significant improvement in current conduction and switching steepness primarily due to an increased tunneling rate and stronger electrostatic control ideal for low-power biosensing applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"18 8","pages":"2857 - 2873"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}