Silicon最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Effect of Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles on the Mechanical, Barrier, Antibacterial and Biodegradable Properties of Pullulan/Lignin Bio Nanocomposite Blends for Food Packaging Applications","authors":"Vishnuvarthanan Mayakrishnan, Raja Venkatesan, Maher M. Alrashed, Ramji Vaidhyanathan, Asha Anish Madhavan","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03318-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03318-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1077 - 1077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano Silicon as a Potential Seed Priming Agent for Enhancing Resilience against Moisture Stress in Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L.)","authors":"Kathiravan Muthuselvan,&nbsp;Vanitha Chinnapaiyan,&nbsp;Umarani Renganathan,&nbsp;Poovarasu Kesavamoorthy,&nbsp;Gayathry Gunavijayan,&nbsp;Sathiya Kumaresan,&nbsp;Yuvaraj Muthuraman,&nbsp;Ayyadurai Pachamuthu","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03268-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03268-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Moisture stress is one of the detrimental abiotic stressors that impacts growth and productivity of finger millet. This study investigated the plant biological responses of finger millet in various intensity of drought (0 bar, -5 bar, -6 bar, -7 bar and -8 bar) induced by PEG 6000 and nano priming treatment with SiO₂ nano particles. The findings indicate that increasing moisture stress significantly reduces all seed and seedling quality parameters. Under non-moisture stress conditions (0 bar), germination reached 82%, whereas severe moisture stress (-8 bar) led to a dramatic decrease to 41%. As moisture stress intensified, there was a corresponding decline in germination rates and seedling quality parameters characterized by seedling length, dry matter production, and vigor. The biochemical attributes such as tissue water content and chlorophyll pigment diminished significantly whereas electrolyte leakage and proline elevated under increasing moisture stress. Among the different ranges of drought, the optimal stress level (-7 bar) was selected based on germination percent (≤ 65% and ≥ 50%) to assess the response of finger millet to SiO₂ nano priming treatment under that stress condition. The results revealed that control seeds exhibited 82% germination in non-stress (0 bar) conditions, which dropped to 62% under -7 bar stress. In contrast, seeds primed with SiO₂ nanoparticles @ 500 mg/L registered 96% germination, 13.4 cm root length under non-stress and 85% germination, 11.3 cm root length under -7 bar stress condition. Primed seeds also exhibited maximum tissue water content in shoot (84.2%), root (88.6%), total chlorophyll content (9.35 µg/g) and also enhanced the proline accumulation and antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), under moisture stress. These results highlight the potential of SiO₂ nanoparticle priming to enhance resilience in finger millet against moisture stress by promoting better germination, seedling vigour and antioxidant enzyme activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1177 - 1194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminium Alloy Nanocomposite Featured with Barium and Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles: Mechanical and Wear Studies","authors":"Dhiravidamani Periyasamy,&nbsp;Jagadeesh Duraisamy,&nbsp;Sami Al Obaid,&nbsp;Venkatesh Rathinavelu","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03263-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03263-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aluminium alloy (A356) is well-known for its use in automotive structural applications due to its excellent corrosion resistance, superior tensile strength, and lightweight properties. This investigation focuses on enhancing the mechanical and wear behaviour of A356 alloy nanocomposites by incorporating micron-sized barium (Ba) and nano-sized silicon carbide (SiC) particles. These enhancements are achieved through an advanced squeeze stir casting process, applying a compressive pressure of 100 MPa. The study analyzes the effects of multi-reinforcements and the squeeze casting process on the structural behaviour of the alloy, utilizing techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The examination reveals that the microstructure and crystal structure of the A356 alloy show a consistent distribution of multi-reinforcements, which leads to improved tensile strength, hardness, and wear resistance. Combining squeeze cast with multi-reinforcements in the A356 alloy matrix results in an actual density of 2.70 g/cc and a reduced porosity level of 0.86%. Furthermore, the addition of 0.5 wt% Ba and 5 wt% SiC significantly enhances the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, achieving values of 204 ± 6 MPa and 288 ± 11 MPa, respectively. The microhardness is improved to 117 ± 6 HV, and the wear resistance reaches 0.328 mg/m at a load of 40N.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1165 - 1176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Study on Different Shapes of Heat Shields in Continuous Czochralski Silicon","authors":"Wenjia Su,&nbsp;Ruilin Guo,&nbsp;Jiaqi Li,&nbsp;Yanshuo Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03253-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03253-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monocrystalline silicon is the core material of solar cells and integrated circuits and its quality have a direct impact on device performance. The Continuous Czochralski method is a very well know technique which can grow large-sized monocrystalline silicon, with uniform axial resistivity distribution and higher growth efficiency. However, there are still some flaws such as unstable melt flow, temperature fluctuations, and high oxygen content. A two-dimensional axisymmetric global quasi steady numerical model is proposed by Fluent software for Continuous Czochralski growth of monocrystalline silicon. Two types of heat shields are designed (SHS and IHS), and the effects of changes in heat shields on heater power, argon velocity, crystal thermal stress, oxygen impurity concentration, melt/crystal interface, melt temperature and flow fields are studied. The results show that the IHS increases the velocity of argon above the melt free surfaces about 56.3%, weaken the reflux phenomenon. The technique helps to save the heater power by 2.7%, decrease the oxygen concentration on melt-crystal interface by 10.2% and smooth the melt/crystal interface, ultimately reducing crystal production costs and improving crystal quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1153 - 1163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of a Novel Multifunctional Nano Silica-based Polymer Composite for Efficient Removal of Dye From Wastewater","authors":"Md. Aminul Islam,&nbsp;Mazen K. Nazal,&nbsp;Muhammad Ilyas,&nbsp;Adeola Akeem Akinpelu,&nbsp;Safyan Akram Khan,&nbsp;Saleh N. Balobaid,&nbsp;Muhammad Mansha","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03262-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03262-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Herein, an in-situ process was successfully adopted for a two-steps reaction in one pot to develop a composite of a novel polymer and silica nanoparticles. The synthesis of this composite was envisaged by using a commercial polymer poly (isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PIMA) and (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES). The novel composite PIMA-SiO₂ was systematically characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, CP-Mass ¹³CNMR, SEM, EDS, BET, and TGA. The point of zero charge (pHpzc) was determined on the composite and found 8.70. The specific surface area (SSA) of the composite was 68.0 m² g⁻¹ and it classified the composite as mesoporous material. The adsorption results show that the uptake of methylene blue (MB) was highly dependent on contact time and pH of the solution. Adsorption isotherm models (i.e. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin), and kinetic models (i.e. pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), Elovich, and Intra-particle diffusion (IPD)), were employed. Temkin isotherm and PSO models were found to be the best fit for adsorption of MB. The maximum MB adsorption capacity was found to be 176.53 mg g⁻¹ at 25 °C. The presence of various salts exhibited an inhibitory effect during MB uptake onto PIMA-SiO₂. Under the experimental conditions, MB uptake was thermodynamically favorable and endothermic. The main contributory mechanisms toward MB uptake onto the composite involved electrostatic interaction, H-bonding, pore-filling, and van der Waals forces. The high uptake capacity and subsequent capability to be recycled in multiple cycles support the PIMA-SiO₂ composite to become an encouraging adsorptive material for the removal of MB from wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1129 - 1142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Properties and Applications of Ormosil for Biosensing","authors":"Purnima Justa,&nbsp;Nancy Jaswal,&nbsp;Deeksha Rana,&nbsp;Hemant Kumar,&nbsp;Neha Yadav,&nbsp;Vijay Bahadur,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03256-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03256-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ormosil, known for its unique attributes such as tuneable porosity, ability to possess a high amount of exposed surface area relative to their volume, and compatibility with living organisms, is promising as a biosensor material. This review covers current advances, methods, and obstacles associated with the use of Ormosil-based biosensors for the recognition of various analytes, including biomolecules, ions, and gases. Synthesis methods specifically tailored to biosensing are discussed, with an emphasis on strategies to brush up the sensitivity, selectivity, and stability of the sensors. It concludes by outlining prospects and challenges, emphasizing the potential of Ormosil-based biosensors in healthcare, environmental monitoring, industrial control processes, drug delivery and food safety. It highlights the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative approaches to overcome current limitations and fully exploit Ormosil's capabilities in biosensor applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"953 - 979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of the Conversion Reaction of Trimethylchlorosilane to bis(trimethylsilyl) ether (hexamethyldisiloxane)","authors":"Arzu Erol,&nbsp;Cengiz Temiz,&nbsp;Bengisu Yöney,&nbsp;Emine Derin","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03266-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03266-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Considering the current literature, studies using SEM analysis to determine the reactions and transformation of TMCS are very limited. It is known that trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) molecules convert to bis(trimethylsilyl) ether (hexamethyldisiloxane, HMDSO) upon contact with moisture. The conversion process of TMCS to HMDSO was observed using SEM. EDX analysis confirmed that no contaminants were present on the surface, except for TMCS and HMDSO molecules. To monitor the reaction, samples containing TMCS were incubated for 8 to 24 h at room temperature under both humid and non-humid conditions. The molecular images and reaction stages observed during this process were meticulously documented. The SEM–EDX analysis, along with the contribution of the targets, shows significant potential for adding unique value to the literature. It is clear that the literature needs the innovative perspective and contributions that our study provides. A clear determination of the conversion of TMCS to ether in a controlled humidity environment has been made. The most important conclusion is that the validation of these results, both at the elemental level and through SEM analysis, demonstrates that this is an efficient experimental process. This method holds significant potential for application in various multidisciplinary fields, including industrial analysis and chemical reaction monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1143 - 1151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DFT Analysis of Si- Based Oxide Perovskite for Optoelectronic Applications","authors":"Rashid Ahmad,&nbsp;Wasi Ullah,&nbsp;Nasir Rahman,&nbsp;Hind Albalawi,&nbsp;Mudasser Husain,&nbsp;Mohamed Hussien,&nbsp;Vineet Tirth,&nbsp;Khamael M. Abualnaja,&nbsp;Ghaida Alosaimi,&nbsp;Eman Almutib,&nbsp;Yazen M. Alawaideh,&nbsp;Farooq Ali,&nbsp;Asif Jamil,&nbsp;Rajwali Khan,&nbsp;Ahmed Azzouz-Rached","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03267-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03267-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the past decade, silicates have garnered significant attention in the geophysical community due to their abundance. However, maintaining cubic silicate perovskites under normal conditions presents challenges, leading to extensive experimental and theoretical investigations to adjust crystal parameters. This study uses density functional theory to investigate the physical characteristics of MSiO₃ (M = Be, Pd) silicate perovskites. The BeSiO₃ and PdSiO₃ compounds were optimized using the Birch–Murnaghan equation to assess their structural stability through pressure–volume data fitting, while elastic constants are determined using the IRelast program to confirm their flexible stability and elastic behavior. The formation energies (Eform) of BeSiO₃ (-3.0845 eV/atom) and PdSiO₃ (-2.2015 eV/atom) confirm their thermodynamic stability, with BeSiO₃ being more stable and energetically favored. BeSiO₃ is a non-magnetic semiconductor with a 2.71 eV bandgap in both spin channels, indicating no spin polarization. PdSiO₃ exhibits half-metallicity, with a 5.04 eV bandgap in the spin-up channel and metallic behavior in the spin-down channel, highlighting its potential for spintronic applications. Optical characteristics, including dielectric functions, extinction coefficients, reflectivity, refractive indices, absorption coefficients, and energy loss factors, are examined closely. The focus is on the sensitivity of both materials to ultraviolet (UV) light, investigating their reactions specifically to this segment of the electromagnetic spectrum. Transparency and maximum reflectivity at specific energies, along with confirmation using Penn's model, suggest potential practical applications of these compounds in optoelectronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1103 - 1114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Lanzhou and Ad-hoc Lanzhou Indices of Derived Graphs and Silicate Structures","authors":"Madhumitha K. V.,&nbsp;Harshitha A.,&nbsp;Swati Nayak,&nbsp;Sabitha D’Souza","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03258-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03258-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Degree-based topological indices are among the most widely used descriptors in chemical graph theory. These indices rely on the degrees (or valencies) of the vertices in a molecular graph, where the degree of a vertex corresponds to the number of edges (bonds) connected to it. One among these types of indices is the Lanzhou index, given by <span>( Lz(G) = sum limits _{ain V(G)}d_G(a)^2d_{overline{G}}(a),)</span> where <span>(d_G(a))</span> and <span>(d_{overline{G}}(a))</span> denote the degree of the vertex <i>a</i> in <i>G</i> and the complement graph of <i>G</i>, respectively. Ad-hoc Lanzhou index, <span>(overline{Lz}(G))</span> is obtained by switching the roles of degrees of vertices, i.e., <span>(overline{Lz}(G)=sum limits _{a in V(G)}d_G(a)d_{overline{G}}(a)^2.)</span> In this manuscript, expressions for the Lanzhou and Ad-hoc Lanzhou indices of derived graphs, namely, subdivision, line, vertex semi-total, edge semi-total, and total graphs, are obtained. Also, Lanzhou and Ad-hoc Lanzhou indices of <span>(Si_2C_3-MakeUppercase {i}(s,t), Si_2C_3-MakeUppercase {ii}(s,t),)</span> and <span>(Si_2C_3-MakeUppercase {iii}(s,t))</span> are obtained and their graphical analysis have been made.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1115 - 1127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12633-025-03258-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally Friendly Gel Tape Casting of Silicon Nitride Ceramic Substrates with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity","authors":"Yuanfei Liu,&nbsp;Jie Fu,&nbsp;Yuan Liu,&nbsp;Zhengxia Gao,&nbsp;Chengliang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s12633-025-03234-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12633-025-03234-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the development of third-generation semiconductors, the heat dissipation problems of electronic packaging systems and the harsh usage environment of high-power devices have put forward higher requirements on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of silicon nitride ceramic substrates. As an almost defect-free ceramic forming technology, aqueous gel tape casting technology is very suitable for the forming of ceramic substrate materials because of the high density, low porosity and large forming size of the ceramic flakes produced. However, the existing acrylamide-methylene bisacrylamide (AM-MBAM) gel system has a complicated process, is subject to oxygen depolymerisation and has problems such as neurotoxicity. For this reason, in this study, a non-toxic and environmentally friendly isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer (Isobam) gel system was used to prepare silicon nitride ceramic substrates in-situ by combining the methods of gel tape casting and reaction sintering. The rheological properties of the slurry were optimized by adjusting the dosage of additives, and the effects of the nitriding reaction process of silicon powder and different sintering aids on the properties of Si3N4 ceramic substrates after resintering were investigated in detail. The results show that the slurries with different additive contents show shear-thinning behaviour and relatively high solid content. Under 0.1 MPa nitrogen atmosphere, Si₃N₄ has been basically completely generated at 1400 °C, and the comprehensive performance of Si₃N₄ ceramics is optimal with the addition of Y₂O₃-MgO-ZrO₂ sintering additives. The relative density and thermal conductivity were 98.4% and 61.5 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, respectively, and Si₃N₄ showed columnar morphology, which effectively improved the hardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength of Si₃N₄ ceramics, up to 13.39 GPa, 6.9 MPa·m^1/2 and 684.5 MPa, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":776,"journal":{"name":"Silicon","volume":"17 5","pages":"1091 - 1101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}