Shock Waves最新文献_第3页

Numerical study of viscous effects on the formation of the Mach reflection in a transition from regular reflection 对从常规反射过渡到马赫反射过程中形成的粘性效应的数值研究

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01213-1

G. Shoev, V. Nazarov, M. Timokhin

引用次数: 0

Development of a novel shock tube system to study shock-induced motion of a solid body 研究固体冲击运动的新型激波管系统的研制

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-025-01216-6

M. Oshima, K. Nakayama, Y. Sakamura

引用次数: 0

Comparison of the convergence to steady-state solution with weighted-type finite-difference schemes for the Euler equations 欧拉方程的加权型有限差分格式对稳态解的收敛性比较

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01204-2

R. Chen, L. Wu, Q. Song, Y. You

{"title":"Comparison of the convergence to steady-state solution with weighted-type finite-difference schemes for the Euler equations","authors":"R. Chen, L. Wu, Q. Song, Y. You","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01204-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01204-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Weighted-type finite-difference schemes are a class of widely used nonlinear schemes that can capture strong discontinuities accurately and efficiently. For the Euler equations without source terms, poor convergence of weighted-type schemes is a widely known difficulty in finding steady-state solutions with strong shock waves. The primary reason for this lies in the fact that classical weighted-type schemes produce spurious oscillations near strong discontinuities. Recently, a novel weighted-type scheme has been developed. The nonlinear weights of the new scheme are fourth-order accurate and do not reduce the accuracy at the high-order critical points, which is beneficial for steady-state convergence. In this paper, we compare the convergence performances of classical and new weighted-type schemes in detail. Several benchmark problems containing shock waves, contact discontinuities, and rarefaction waves were used to compare the convergence performance among different weighted-type schemes. The results show that the new weighted-type scheme basically eliminates slight post-shock oscillations, and the residual settles to machine zero. Compared to classical weighted-type schemes, the steady-state convergence performance of the new weighted-type scheme is significantly improved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"35 1","pages":"89 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measurement, self-similarity, and TNT equivalence of blasts from exploding wires 引线爆炸的测量、自相似性和TNT当量

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01209-x

A. Morsel, F. Masi, P. Kotronis, I. Stefanou

{"title":"Measurement, self-similarity, and TNT equivalence of blasts from exploding wires","authors":"A. Morsel, F. Masi, P. Kotronis, I. Stefanou","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01209-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01209-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reduced-scale experiments offer a controlled and safe environment for studying the effects of blasts on structures. Traditionally, these experiments rely on the detonation of solid or gaseous explosive mixtures, with only limited understanding of alternative explosive sources. This paper presents a detailed investigation of the blasts produced by exploding aluminum wires for generating shock waves of controlled energy levels. We meticulously design our experiments to ensure a precise quantification of the underlying uncertainties and conduct comprehensive parametric studies. We draw practical relationships of the blast intensity with respect to the stand-off distance and the stored energy levels. The analysis demonstrates self-similarity of blasts with respect to the conventional concept of the scaled distance, a desirable degree of sphericity of the generated shock waves, and high repeatability. Finally, we quantify the equivalence of the reduced-scale blasts from exploding wires with high explosives, including TNT. This experimental setup and the present study demonstrate the high degree of robustness and effectiveness of exploding aluminum wires as a tool for controlled blast generation and reduced-scale structural testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"35 1","pages":"17 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-024-01209-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterizing the transition between regular and Mach reflections induced by a shock wave–boundary layer interaction 激波-边界层相互作用诱导的规则反射和马赫反射之间的转换特性

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01210-4

S. Scharnowski, R. Baidya, C. J. Kähler

{"title":"Characterizing the transition between regular and Mach reflections induced by a shock wave–boundary layer interaction","authors":"S. Scharnowski, R. Baidya, C. J. Kähler","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01210-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01210-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Velocity field measurements by means of PIV are used in this work to characterize the flow in a shock wave–boundary layer interaction. For a free-stream Mach number of <span>(M_infty =2.56)</span>, the flow over a flat plate model is deflected by a <span>(16^circ )</span> wedge. For these flow conditions, an unsteady dual-state solution is observed where the shock switches between a regular reflection and a Mach reflection. This non-periodic mode switching is atypical for a shock wave–boundary layer interaction and causes significant changes in the flow field. The PIV measurements enable the Mach number and the flow direction to be determined from the measured velocity. In this way, both the position of the shocks and the flow deflection across the shocks can be reliably identified. Our analysis shows that regular reflection rarely occurs and that Mach reflection with varying Mach stem height is present for about <span>(85%)</span> of the measurement time. We provide evidence here that the transition to regular reflection is related to a temporarily thickening of the boundary layer ahead of the shock interaction, which is caused by the breathing of the separation bubble below the shock interaction. This phenomenon results in compression waves that alter the Mach number and flow direction in the region upstream of the shock system, enabling a momentary transition to a regular reflection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"35 2","pages":"125 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-024-01210-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geometric stability of detonation propagation in curved channels 弯曲通道内爆轰传播的几何稳定性

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01212-2

X. Shi, R. Hencel, J. Crane, M. Fotia, H. Wang

{"title":"Geometric stability of detonation propagation in curved channels","authors":"X. Shi, R. Hencel, J. Crane, M. Fotia, H. Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01212-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01212-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detonation propagation dynamics in circularly curved channels are investigated using both experimental and geometric modeling approaches. Quasi-two-dimensional curved channels with a range of channel widths and curve radii were tested. Experimentally, three propagation modes were observed: a stable propagation mode featuring a flat detonation front and steady near-CJ propagation, an unstable mode with varying frontal structures and velocity oscillations, and failure to propagate. Experimental data from the current study and those in the literature show that for a given ratio between channel width and detonation cell width, there exists a critical inner-to-outer radius ratio that sets apart the stable and unstable propagation modes. A regime map is proposed in the present work to describe the observed propagation modes. The regime map highlights the competition between the focusing effect of the outer concave boundary (with respect to the transverse waves) and the diverging effect of the inner convex boundary in addition to the effect from the channel-to-cell width ratio. With a reduced channel-to-cell width ratio, the inner-to-outer radius ratio critical to sustained detonation propagation must increase. Geometric modeling results are found to be in agreement with experimental observations. In addition, geometric modeling was used to test channel geometries beyond what has been experimentally tested and to provide a rational explanation for the regime map.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"35 2","pages":"157 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-024-01212-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An empirical method for modelling the secondary shock from high explosives in the far-field 远场烈性炸药二次激波模拟的经验方法

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01208-y

S. E. Rigby, E. Mendham, D. G. Farrimond, E. G. Pickering, A. Tyas, G. Pezzola

{"title":"An empirical method for modelling the secondary shock from high explosives in the far-field","authors":"S. E. Rigby, E. Mendham, D. G. Farrimond, E. G. Pickering, A. Tyas, G. Pezzola","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01208-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01208-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As the detonation product cloud from a high explosive detonation expands, an arresting flow is generated at the interface between these products and the surrounding air. Eventually this flow forms an inward-travelling shock wave which coalesces at the origin and reflects outwards as a secondary shock. Whilst this feature is well known and often reported, there remains no established method for predicting the form and magnitude of the secondary shock. This paper details an empirical superposition method for modelling the secondary shock, based on the physical analogy of the secondary loading pulse resembling the blast load from a smaller explosive relative to the original. This so-called dummy charge mass is determined from 58 experimental tests using PE4, PE8, and PE10, utilising Monte Carlo sampling to account for experimental uncertainty, and is found to range between 3.2–4.9% of the original charge mass. A further 18 “unseen” datapoints are used to rigorously assess the performance of the new model, and it is found that reductions in mean absolute error of up to 40%, and typically 20%, are achieved compared to the standard model which neglects the secondary shock. Accuracy of the model is demonstrated across a comprehensive range of far-field scaled distances, giving a high degree of confidence in the new empirical method for modelling the secondary shock from high explosives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"35 1","pages":"1 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-024-01208-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peculiarities of self-ignition of a hydrogen–air mixture in shock tubes of different roughnesses 不同粗糙度激波管内氢气-空气混合气自燃特性研究

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01203-3

A. V. Skilandz, O. G. Penyazkov, A. I. Leonchik

{"title":"Peculiarities of self-ignition of a hydrogen–air mixture in shock tubes of different roughnesses","authors":"A. V. Skilandz, O. G. Penyazkov, A. I. Leonchik","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01203-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01203-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The induction time in shock tubes with different surface roughnesses and different mixture densities was measured, local features of self-ignition were described, and the results obtained were compared with the results for tubes with other diameters in order to determine the effect of gasdynamic parameters on the formation of ignition kernels and ignition in general. It was discovered that ignition at temperature range of 904–1200 K for <span>(rho _{textrm{5}} = 2.80,{hbox {kg/m}}^{textrm{3}})</span> and 1020–1120 K for <span>(rho _{textrm{5}} = 1.53,{hbox {kg/m}}^{textrm{3}})</span> is determined by the ignition kernel that forms near the tube axis and is a consequence of the gasdynamic effect at the tube axis (axial effect), but is not explained by the adiabatic compression of the mixture due to the expansion of gas from the reflected shock wave bifurcation stagnation region. An increase in the size of the bifurcation structure due to an increase in tube surface roughness does not affect ignition at these temperatures, but expands the ignition range at lower temperatures, in which multi-kernels or volumetric ignition is observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"35 1","pages":"77 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting terrain effects on blast waves: an artificial neural network approach 预测地形对冲击波的影响：一种人工神经网络方法

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01206-0

R. Leconte, S. Terrana, L. Giraldi

{"title":"Predicting terrain effects on blast waves: an artificial neural network approach","authors":"R. Leconte, S. Terrana, L. Giraldi","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01206-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01206-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Large yield airbursts generate powerful outdoor blast waves. Over long propagation distances, the blast is significantly altered by the topographical relief. Usually, the terrain effects are quantified by running accurate but expensive hydrodynamics or CFD codes. We present an alternative approach based on artificial neural networks, which is applicable wherever the blast–relief interaction can be approximated by an axisymmetric configuration. A database of overpressures associated with a very large sample of the French topography is constructed by running a high-fidelity hydrodynamics code. The proposed neural networks then learn the relationship between the relief geometry and the ground overpressures. The predictive ability of the networks is assessed extensively over a test database for several error metrics. <span>({97}{%})</span> of the peak overpressure predictions can be considered accurate for most practical purposes, and the pressure impulse predictions are even more accurate. Finally, specific artificial neural networks able to estimate the model uncertainties are presented and their performances are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"35 1","pages":"37 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-024-01206-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of flow characteristics of various-aspect-ratio rectangular nozzles with an aft deck 带后甲板的不同展弦比矩形喷管流动特性研究

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-024-01188-z

W.-L. Chen, W.-H. Huang, W.-H. Lai

{"title":"Investigation of flow characteristics of various-aspect-ratio rectangular nozzles with an aft deck","authors":"W.-L. Chen, W.-H. Huang, W.-H. Lai","doi":"10.1007/s00193-024-01188-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-024-01188-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation to characterize the plume pattern of a high-aspect-ratio rectangular convergent/divergent nozzle with an aft deck in under-expanded conditions. The function of an aft deck is to shield the infrared signal of an exhaust plume at its strongest intensity located at the immediate downstream region of the nozzle exit. However, this practice may cause undesirable plume deflection, which needs to be reduced as much as possible. The nozzle pressure ratios ranged from 2 to 4, and the effect of the nozzle exit aspect ratio was examined using wall static pressure measurements and schlieren visualization for cold flows. The experimental setup involved a 3D-printed aft deck nozzle made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene material, which underwent surface smoothing using acetone vapor. Numerical simulations were conducted using the commercial STARCCM<span>(^{mathrm {+}})</span> software to analyze static pressure ratio variations at the aft deck. The investigation revealed that a nozzle pressure ratio of 3 induced a downward plume deflection at aspect ratio values of 6.77 and 7.54, while an increased aspect ratio of 8.35 resulted in the horizontal ejection of the plume. Moreover, at an aspect ratio of 8.35, the plume was ejected horizontally for nozzle pressure ratios ranging from 2 to 4. At a nozzle pressure ratio of 4, the flow separated from the deck without reattaching, and the plume moved horizontally with minimal deflection. The findings suggest that a combination of a high aspect ratio and sufficiently high nozzle pressure ratio can effectively reduce plume deflection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":"34 6","pages":"527 - 538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-024-01188-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0