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Response to "Historical Circulation and Forgotten Evidence of Oropouche Virus in Colombia: Not as New as it Seems". 对“哥伦比亚Oropouche病毒的历史传播和被遗忘的证据：并不像看起来那么新”的回应。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0423b
Rebecca C Christofferson, Berlin Londono-Renteria, Christopher N Mores
{"title":"Response to \"Historical Circulation and Forgotten Evidence of Oropouche Virus in Colombia: Not as New as it Seems\".","authors":"Rebecca C Christofferson, Berlin Londono-Renteria, Christopher N Mores","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0423b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0423b","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
US Malaria Casualties and Chemoprophylaxis during the Vietnam War. 越战期间美国疟疾伤亡和化学预防。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0378
G Dennis Shanks
{"title":"US Malaria Casualties and Chemoprophylaxis during the Vietnam War.","authors":"G Dennis Shanks","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malaria caused mass casualties among US military personnel during the Vietnam War, resulting in as many hospitalizations as combat wounds in 1965. Its military impact was magnified because nearly all the disease-related casualties came from front-line units, particularly the infantry, with rates exceeding 10 per 1,000 man-days of exposure. The imperfect chemoprophylaxis using chloroquine-primaquine tablets developed during the Korean War proved inadequate. Adding daily dapsone was more effective but resulted in rare cases of agranulocytosis and at least eight deaths. After Vietnam, malaria in US military members, especially relapsing malaria due to Plasmodium vivax, caused thousands of infections in the United States, although indigenous transmission was rarely observed. Although severe malaria resulted in 78 known deaths in the US Army (and 46 in the US Marines), the real military issue was lost days due to illness, averaging more than 1 month per malaria case and at least 200,000 lost man-days per year. Malaria's potential to produce mass casualties in soldiers remains, especially during deployments to New Guinea or sub-Saharan Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complete Genome Sequencing and Genomic Characterization of Orthohantavirus chocloense Using Tiled Polymerase Chain Reaction. 利用平铺聚合酶链反应对巧克力原汉坦病毒进行全基因组测序和基因组鉴定。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0813
Jacqueline R Salazar, Claudia Gonzalez, Oris Chavarría, Tybbysay P Salinas, Publio González, Blas Armién, Alexander Martinez
{"title":"Complete Genome Sequencing and Genomic Characterization of Orthohantavirus chocloense Using Tiled Polymerase Chain Reaction.","authors":"Jacqueline R Salazar, Claudia Gonzalez, Oris Chavarría, Tybbysay P Salinas, Publio González, Blas Armién, Alexander Martinez","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, a tiled amplification protocol was developed to cover the three segments of Choclo virus (CHOV), which was subsequently used for sequencing samples from different provinces within the endemic zone in Panama. The developed protocol yielded a coverage of the CHOV genome greater than 99% for most of the sample's segments, and the four consensus sequences obtained had a mean coverage of 94-99%. Generating a significant number of whole-genome sequences is necessary for studying genomic characteristics among CHOV isolated from rodent hosts, as well as those isolated from human samples. Employing enhanced methodology for whole-genome consensus facilitates the validation and advancement of cutting-edge detection methods, while also providing valuable insights for comprehensive studies on CHOV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maternal Antibody Kinetics and Infant Susceptibility to Dengue Infection in India. 印度母亲抗体动力学和婴儿对登革热感染的易感性。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0214
Shubham Shrivastava, Amita Kasana, Ruta Kulkarni, Akhilesh Chandra Mishra, Vidya A Arankalle
{"title":"Maternal Antibody Kinetics and Infant Susceptibility to Dengue Infection in India.","authors":"Shubham Shrivastava, Amita Kasana, Ruta Kulkarni, Akhilesh Chandra Mishra, Vidya A Arankalle","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue is the most widespread mosquito-borne viral disease globally, as well as in India. Children are most susceptible to acquiring severe primary dengue infection because the protective levels of maternal antibodies decline over time. In view of the forthcoming introduction of dengue vaccines, understanding the kinetics of maternal antibodies is a critical parameter for determining the correct age of immunization in children. In this cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Pune, India, 602 serum samples from infants were screened for anti-dengue IgG antibodies using ELISA. Dengue-specific antibodies were found in 71% of cord blood samples and gradually declined to 63%, 14%, 3%, 5%, and 7% in infants by the ages of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months, respectively. At 3 months of age, 14 of 72 (19%) infants acquired dengue infection and became seropositive for anti-dengue IgM antibodies. A total of 80% (36/45) of infants tested for neutralizing antibodies at birth were positive for three or four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. Geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies decreased to the lowest levels of 87%, 98%, 88%, and 92% against DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 in 9-month-old infants. The study results suggest that maternal antibodies drastically reduced in infants by the age of 6 months, and infants as young as 3 months were susceptible to dengue infection. In summary, the data in the current study provide useful insights into the kinetics of maternally transferred antibodies and susceptibility of Indian infants to DENV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Schistosomiasis Diagnostic and Treatment Practices of French Infectious Disease Physicians Examining Migrants from Schistosoma Endemic Countries. 法国传染病医生检查来自血吸虫流行国家的移民的血吸虫病诊断和治疗实践。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0724
Emma Oliosi, Claire Leblanc, Stéphane Jauréguiberry
{"title":"Schistosomiasis Diagnostic and Treatment Practices of French Infectious Disease Physicians Examining Migrants from Schistosoma Endemic Countries.","authors":"Emma Oliosi, Claire Leblanc, Stéphane Jauréguiberry","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnosis and treatment of schistosomiasis among migrants in nonendemic countries are still challenging. An online questionnaire was sent to adult and pediatric infectious disease specialists through the French infectious disease societies' mailing lists to assess attitudes and practices toward the disease. We included all individuals who responded to the online questionnaire but excluded from analysis residents and doctors with dual practices (adults and children) from the analysis. The questionnaire consisted of 19 questions about professional status, screening practices, diagnostic methods, treatment protocols, and follow-up. The response rate was 10.5% (n = 102/970); four respondents were excluded, including two medical residents and two respondents with dual practices. Adult and pediatric infectious disease specialists participated in the study. Serology was the most frequently used diagnostic method among asymptomatic patients. The preferred imaging examination was ultrasound, especially among pediatricians. Praziquantel treatment dose schemes were heterogeneous; 55 of 98 respondents prescribed more than one dose. Serology was still used by 23% (n = 23/98) of the respondents as a follow-up tool despite its irrelevance. The management of chronic schistosomiasis in nonendemic countries is heterogeneous even among infectious disease specialists. New guidelines need to consider the diversity of nosological frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What's in a Name? How Useful is Current Rickettsial Taxonomy and Is Revision of Nomenclature Needed? 名字里有什么？当前立克次体分类法有多有用？是否需要修订命名法？
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0459
J Stephen Dumler, David H Walker
{"title":"What's in a Name? How Useful is Current Rickettsial Taxonomy and Is Revision of Nomenclature Needed?","authors":"J Stephen Dumler, David H Walker","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rickettsia lanei, sp. nov. (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), a Newly Recognized Pathogen of Humans Associated with the Rabbit Tick, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris (Acari: Ixodidae). 立克次体（立克次体亚纲：立克次体科），一种新发现的与兔蜱相关的人类病原体，狐血蜱（蜱螨亚纲：伊蚊科）。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0134
Christopher D Paddock, Adrian Harris, Tina R Clark, Hannah A Bullock, Joy A Hecht, Jason T Ladner, Sandor E Karpathy
{"title":"Rickettsia lanei, sp. nov. (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), a Newly Recognized Pathogen of Humans Associated with the Rabbit Tick, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris (Acari: Ixodidae).","authors":"Christopher D Paddock, Adrian Harris, Tina R Clark, Hannah A Bullock, Joy A Hecht, Jason T Ladner, Sandor E Karpathy","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemaphysalis leporispalustris (the rabbit tick) is one of the most broadly distributed hard tick species in the Americas. In 2018, investigators amplified DNA from a spotted fever group Rickettsia (SFGR) species found in host-seeking larvae and nymphs of H. leporispalustris collected in northern California and proposed the name Candidatus \"Rickettsia lanei\" using results obtained via multilocus sequence typing. Several years later, other investigators reported the amplification of DNA from the blood of two severely ill patients in northern California that demonstrated near-identical sequences with several gene sequences of Ca. \"R. lanei,\" suggesting that this SFGR is pathogenic to humans. Recently, nearly complete genetic identity was identified between segments of the outer membrane protein A gene of Ca. \"R. lanei\" and an otherwise unidentified SFGR isolate designated as HLP 7421, which was established in 1961 from H. leporispalustris collected in the Bitterroot Valley of western Montana. Herein, the results of whole-genome sequencing of HLP 7421 are reported, revealing a 1,270,740 base pair chromosome most similar to that of Rickettsia rickettsii subsp. californica, the etiologic agent of Pacific Coast tick fever. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization and orthologous average nucleotide identity percentages between HLP 7421 and several closely related SFGR species meet the criteria for species identification using one genome-based algorithm for defining taxa in the Rickettsia genus. The name Rickettsia lanei is proposed for this pathogen, and its potential contribution to the evolving mosaic of tick-borne spotted fevers in the Americas is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strategies and Recommendations for the Prevention and Control of War-Facilitated Onchocerciasis Reemergence in Sudan. 预防和控制战争导致的盘尾丝虫病在苏丹再次出现的战略和建议。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0100
Nouh Saad Mohamed, Ayman Ahmed, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
{"title":"Strategies and Recommendations for the Prevention and Control of War-Facilitated Onchocerciasis Reemergence in Sudan.","authors":"Nouh Saad Mohamed, Ayman Ahmed, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Onchocerciasis is a neglected tropical disease that has severe health and socioeconomic impacts on the mostly poor and underserved communities in disease-endemic areas. Despite significant global progress toward the elimination of onchocerciasis transmission there remains a high risk of reemergence in areas where the disease was previously eliminated. Here we discuss the potential risk factors for the reemergence of onchocerciasis in disease-free zones in Sudan and nearby countries resulting from war-induced massive population displacement. We urge public health, humanitarian, and development stakeholders to invest in policymaking, strategic planning, resource mobilization, and development and implementation of sustainable and cost-effective prevention and control interventions for onchocerciasis, particularly among the most vulnerable high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hepatic Hydatid Cyst with Biliary Communication. 肝包虫病伴胆道通讯。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0283
Venkatesh Vaithiyam, Sanjeev Sachdeva, Siddharth Srivastava
{"title":"Hepatic Hydatid Cyst with Biliary Communication.","authors":"Venkatesh Vaithiyam, Sanjeev Sachdeva, Siddharth Srivastava","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0283","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strengthening New Vaccine Introduction in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Establishing Hospital-Based Sentinel Surveillance for Vaccine Safety Monitoring. 在低收入和中等收入国家加强新疫苗的引进：建立以医院为基础的疫苗安全监测哨点监测。
IF 1.6 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0363
Anna Shaum, Erin Blau, Ashley Longley, Wan-Ting Huang, Jane Gidudu
{"title":"Strengthening New Vaccine Introduction in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Establishing Hospital-Based Sentinel Surveillance for Vaccine Safety Monitoring.","authors":"Anna Shaum, Erin Blau, Ashley Longley, Wan-Ting Huang, Jane Gidudu","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enhancing surveillance for adverse events following immunization remains a key global immunization priority. Many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are implementing new vaccines without the comprehensive safety monitoring typically conducted in high-income countries. Since 2017, the Global Immunization Safety Team at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with partners, has supported establishing sentinel surveillance systems during vaccine introductions for safety monitoring in LMICs. Through these experiences, many lessons have been learned regarding project initiation, funding opportunities, standardizing data collection, background rate challenges, site selection considerations, and partner coordination. If vaccine safety is prioritized, sentinel surveillance enhances routine monitoring and generates valuable safety data, strengthening the immunization and regulatory programs. As many countries introduce and manufacture vaccines not previously monitored in high-income countries, lessons from safety monitoring during earlier vaccine introductions must be applied. Sustaining the gains in immunization that were hard-earned over the past decades depends on it.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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