American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第10页

Oleylphosphocholine versus Miltefosine for Canine Leishmaniasis.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0622

Isadora Lima, Deborah Fraga, Jonathan Berman

{"title":"Oleylphosphocholine versus Miltefosine for Canine Leishmaniasis.","authors":"Isadora Lima, Deborah Fraga, Jonathan Berman","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0622","DOIUrl":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0622","url":null,"abstract":"Oleylphosphocholine (OlPC) is a miltefosine derivative that is more effective than miltefosine against Leishmania infections in rodent models. Because canines are a natural host for Leishmania, the improved treatment of canine leishmaniasis is essential both for veterinary medicine and as a large animal model for clinical development. Oleylphosphocholine, at a dosage of 4 mg/kg/day for 28 days, was compared with the approved canine regimen of miltefosine at a dosage of 2 mg/kg/day for 28 days in 33 naturally infected Brazilian dogs (17 randomly assigned to receive OlPC versus 16 designated to receive miltefosine). The animals were followed for 5 months posttreatment. The primary endpoint was the clinical score, which was calculated as the sum of scores for each of 23 clinical parameters graded 0 (normal), 1 (somewhat abnormal), or 2 (markedly abnormal) by a blinded observer. A higher clinical score signified more severe disease. The mean (SD) clinical scores for the OlPC versus miltefosine groups are as follows: pretherapy, 10.1 (5.6) versus 7.7 (4.5; P = 0.19); 3 months posttherapy, 4.3 (4.1) versus 9.5 (4.9; P <0.01); 5 months posttherapy, 3.9 (3.8) versus 8.9 (4.7; P <0.01). Scores for lymph nodes, ear crusts, and splenic parasites were statistically lower for the OlPC group versus the miltefosine group, suggesting that both visceral and cutaneous parameters contributed to OlPC's statistically greater efficacy. One OlPC animal, with minimal splenic parasites pretreatment and zero parasites at the end of treatment, died of kidney failure due to immune-complex deposition, which was presumably already present pretreatment. The increase in blood creatinine values observed in OlPC animals warrants further study in future experiments. The superior clinical effect of OlPC in comparison to miltefosine in this canine study primes OlPC for development as an oral treatment for canine and human leishmaniasis.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"753-760"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting Azithromycin for Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0734

Michelle E Roh, Holger W Unger, Catherine E Oldenburg

引用次数: 0

Effect of Antenatal Monthly Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine, Alone or with Azithromycin, on Gestational Weight Gain and Anemia during Pregnancy and One Month Postpartum in Malawi: A Randomized Controlled Trial Secondary Analysis.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0829

Mari Luntamo, Lotta Hallamaa, Teija Kulmala, Kenneth Maleta, Per Ashorn

{"title":"Effect of Antenatal Monthly Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine, Alone or with Azithromycin, on Gestational Weight Gain and Anemia during Pregnancy and One Month Postpartum in Malawi: A Randomized Controlled Trial Secondary Analysis.","authors":"Mari Luntamo, Lotta Hallamaa, Teija Kulmala, Kenneth Maleta, Per Ashorn","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.23-0829","DOIUrl":"10.4269/ajtmh.23-0829","url":null,"abstract":"Low gestational weight gain (GWG) and prenatal anemia are associated with adverse pregnancy, maternal and infant health outcomes. In a secondary analysis of a single-center, randomized, partially placebo-controlled, outcome assessor-blinded, controlled trial conducted in Malawi from 2003 to 2006, when antiretroviral treatment (ART) for HIV was not widely available, we studied whether GWG can be increased and the prevalence of maternal anemia decreased during pregnancy and at 1 month postpartum through the intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) of maternal malaria and reproductive tract infections. The participants (≥15-year-old women with uncomplicated second trimester single pregnancies) received either sulfadoxine (1,500 mg) and pyrimethamine (75 mg; SP) twice (control group, n = 433), monthly SP (n = 439), or monthly SP and azithromycin (1,000 mg) twice (AZI-SP, n = 441) during pregnancy. The mean weekly GWG in the sample was 256 g/week. The participants in the monthly SP group gained, on average (95% CI), 4 g (-13 to 20; P = 0.671), and those in the AZI-SP group gained 25 g (8-41; P = 0.003) more weight per week than control group participants. Among HIV-positive participants (12%), the differences were larger and also significant between the monthly SP group and control group. Mean hemoglobin and anemia prevalence did not differ between the groups during pregnancy or postnatally. The data support a hypothesis that IPTp with monthly SP and two doses of azithromycin can increase GWG, especially among HIV-positive women who are not on ART, possibly through the reduction of infections, inflammation, and effects on the maternal gut microbiome.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"931-941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Management Pathway of Patients with Cystic Echinococcosis in Iran Prior to Definitive Surgical Treatment.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0061

Fatemeh Mohtasham, Mohammad Shafiei, Mohammad Reza Lashkarizadeh, Mehrdad Farokhnia, Maysam Yousefi, Rana Eftekhar Vaghefi, Fatemeh Khajehasani, Saeid Nasibi, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Majid Fasihi Harandi

{"title":"The Management Pathway of Patients with Cystic Echinococcosis in Iran Prior to Definitive Surgical Treatment.","authors":"Fatemeh Mohtasham, Mohammad Shafiei, Mohammad Reza Lashkarizadeh, Mehrdad Farokhnia, Maysam Yousefi, Rana Eftekhar Vaghefi, Fatemeh Khajehasani, Saeid Nasibi, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi, Majid Fasihi Harandi","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0061","DOIUrl":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0061","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with cystic echinococcosis (CE) regularly undergo surgery in medical centers in endemic countries. Our understanding of the challenges patients face on the pathway toward the final diagnosis and treatment of CE is poor. The present study was conducted to evaluate the medical care-seeking pathway and the underlying causes of the delayed surgical treatment of CE. Information related to 68 CE patients who underwent surgery in Kerman, Southeast Iran, was collected through face-to-face visits or telephone calls. All the patients were interviewed, and the medical records of each patient were reviewed. The pathway taken by the patient to seek care, the workups performed for diagnosis and management, and the length of time between the onset of symptoms and definitive diagnosis and surgery were evaluated. The patients were visited by at least two physicians; the median number of physicians was four. A total of 47% of the patients were referred to a general practitioner on their first visit. The mean times between the first visit and CE diagnosis and surgery were 1.5 and 3.2 months, respectively. A definitive diagnosis of CE was made for 35.3% of the patients in less than 1 month after the first visit. However, it took 4 months or more for 51.4% of the patients to receive hydatid surgery. The fear of anesthesia and surgery, the cost of management, unsuccessful chemotherapy for CE patients, pregnancy, and issues related to immigrant patients and refugees are among the factors involved in the protraction of CE diagnosis and treatment. Establishing practice guidelines for CE diagnosis and treatment, continuing education for healthcare professionals, and improving access to diagnostic facilities for endemic communities are required to address challenges in the management of CE in endemic regions.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"822-827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological and Geographical Factors Associated with Dengue in Bangladesh: A Multicenter Study of the 2023 Dengue Epidemic.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0477

Abul Faisal Md Nuruddin Chowdhury, Orindom Shing Pulock, Md Abdus Sattar, Noor Mohammed, Arpita Biswangree, Nishat Sultana, Masruma Meherine Prachi, Afsana Yeasmin Tanzina, Meheadi Hasan Rumi, Nazmul Alam, H M Hamidullah Mehedi, Emrul Kaiser, Adnan Mannan

{"title":"Epidemiological and Geographical Factors Associated with Dengue in Bangladesh: A Multicenter Study of the 2023 Dengue Epidemic.","authors":"Abul Faisal Md Nuruddin Chowdhury, Orindom Shing Pulock, Md Abdus Sattar, Noor Mohammed, Arpita Biswangree, Nishat Sultana, Masruma Meherine Prachi, Afsana Yeasmin Tanzina, Meheadi Hasan Rumi, Nazmul Alam, H M Hamidullah Mehedi, Emrul Kaiser, Adnan Mannan","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0477","DOIUrl":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0477","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is a well-known epidemic zone for dengue fever. Several epidemiological and geographical factors influence the transmission and severity of dengue infection. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological and geographical factors that contributed to the severity of the dengue outbreak in Bangladesh in 2023. This hospital-based cross-sectional study investigated 1,313 dengue patients admitted to public hospitals in Dhaka, Chattogram and Kishoreganj, Bangladesh, between July and December 2023. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the independent risk factors for severe dengue infection. The average age of respondents was 29.5 years, with individuals aged 20-40 accounting for 59.5%. Of the 1,313 dengue patients, 19.3% (254) were diagnosed with severe dengue infection. Patients with low monthly income and those lacking awareness of dengue's spread from clogged rooftop water were respectively 2.35 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.35; P <0.05; 95% CI: 1.08-5.07) and 2.23 (aOR 2.23; P <0.05; 95% CI: 1.20-4.14) times more likely to develop severe dengue. The dengue outbreak has become a serious public health issue in Bangladesh, with factors such as low family income and lack of awareness contributing to the development of severe cases. These findings provide valuable evidence for policymakers to guide and implement preventive measures and raise awareness.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"891-897"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk Prediction of Emerging Sites Infested with Schistosome-Transmitting Oncomelania hupensis in Shanghai, China.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0200

Yu Zhou, Yanjun Jin, Yanfeng Gong, Junhui Huang, Jiamin Wang, Ning Xu, Qingwu Jiang, Qing Yu, Yibiao Zhou

{"title":"Risk Prediction of Emerging Sites Infested with Schistosome-Transmitting Oncomelania hupensis in Shanghai, China.","authors":"Yu Zhou, Yanjun Jin, Yanfeng Gong, Junhui Huang, Jiamin Wang, Ning Xu, Qingwu Jiang, Qing Yu, Yibiao Zhou","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0200","DOIUrl":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0200","url":null,"abstract":"Oncomelania hupensis, the sole intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, plays an essential role in the transmission of schistosomiasis. In 1985, snails were eliminated throughout Shanghai city. However, snail-infested sites have continuously emerged since the 1990s. The resurgence of snail habitats may signal the recurrence of schistosomiasis. Therefore, implementing continuous monitoring measures for snails is crucial, and predicting potential habitats for snails in Shanghai is essential for enhancing surveillance effectiveness, providing early warnings to health authorities, optimizing resource allocation, maintaining the elimination status of schistosomiasis in Shanghai, and ultimately, advancing the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis in China. Our research developed an ensemble model to predict the current and future distributions of snails in Shanghai by collecting emerging snail-infested records from 1991 to 2020 and integrating them with 19 environmental variables, including climate, geography, and socioeconomics. The ensemble model identified the annual average surface temperature as the most significant factor influencing snail occurrence. The highly suitable areas were primarily located in the northwestern part of Jinshan District and the southern part of Songjiang District. In the future, the southwestern part of Shanghai will continue to provide suitable habitats for snails in the long term. Therefore, even in areas where schistosomiasis has been eliminated, surveillance of snails and the disease should not be relaxed, and ongoing monitoring in these areas is necessary.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"804-815"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dogs and the Community.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0607

Angel Sebastian Rodriguez-Pazmiño

引用次数: 0

Intralesional Treatment of Non-American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis with Multiple Lesions.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0667

Clarissa Pieri, Stephen L Walker

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Multipeptide Sequences Identified in Silico for the Serological Detection of Antibodies against Vector-Borne Diseases.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0491

Carlos A Peña-Bates, Cesar I Lugo-Caballero, Norma Pavía-Ruz, Oghenekaro Omodior, Henry R Noh-Pech, Fernando I Puerto-Manzano, Karla R Dzul-Rosado

{"title":"Evaluation of Multipeptide Sequences Identified in Silico for the Serological Detection of Antibodies against Vector-Borne Diseases.","authors":"Carlos A Peña-Bates, Cesar I Lugo-Caballero, Norma Pavía-Ruz, Oghenekaro Omodior, Henry R Noh-Pech, Fernando I Puerto-Manzano, Karla R Dzul-Rosado","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0491","DOIUrl":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0491","url":null,"abstract":"The socioecological conditions of Mexican regions are conducive to the spread of vector-borne diseases. Although there are established treatment guidelines for dengue and rickettsiosis, diagnosis is complicated. The objective of this work was to identify epitopes of Rickettsia and dengue virus that could be used in serology screening against vector-borne diseases. For this, epitopes with high histocompatibility complex class II binding efficiency of OmpB protein of Rickettsia rickettsii and NS2B protein of dengue virus were identified in silico through a reverse vaccinology strategy. The selected epitopes were grouped into multipeptide sequences that were synthesized and immobilized in a nitrocellulose membrane to evaluate the reactivity sera from patients previously infected with dengue or Rickettsia. The evaluation of the sequences of the NS2B and OmpB proteins was performed with 60 sera previously diagnosed as positive or negative by the respective gold standard techniques. The dot blot technique was used for the antigenic evaluation of the peptides against these serum samples. Dot blot analysis correctly identified 85% of sera positive for rickettsiosis and 75% of sera positive for dengue. Experimental evidence from multipeptide sequences suggests their potential use in the development of diagnostic tests for dengue and rickettsiosis.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"909-915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiologic Investigation of Protozoa and Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Starr County, Texas.

IF 1.9 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Print Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0364

Lauren M Leining, Timothy A Erickson, Craig L Hanis, Cici Bauer, Maya D Murry, Eric L Brown, Rojelio Mejia, Sarah M Gunter

引用次数: 0