American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第5页

Improving Neurocysticercosis Diagnosis: Neurocysticercosis Diagnostic Practices at a Large Public Hospital System in Texas. 改进神经囊虫病诊断：德克萨斯州大型公立医院系统的神经囊虫病诊断实践。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0304

Theresa Sepulveda, Fernando H Centeno, Jose A Serpa, Jill Weatherhead, Eva H Clark

{"title":"Improving Neurocysticercosis Diagnosis: Neurocysticercosis Diagnostic Practices at a Large Public Hospital System in Texas.","authors":"Theresa Sepulveda, Fernando H Centeno, Jose A Serpa, Jill Weatherhead, Eva H Clark","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0304","DOIUrl":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0304","url":null,"abstract":"Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a cestode infection of the central nervous system caused by the larval form of Taenia solium. Diagnosis is often delayed because of low health care provider awareness of the disease. This study evaluated contemporary provider practices within a large county health care system in the United States. We retrospectively identified adult patients with NCC between 2017 and 2021 through the International Classification of Diseases 10 diagnostic code and extracted variables from their electronic medical records using a standardized data collection form. We compared provider actions with those recommended by the 2017 Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) NCC guidelines. Of 174 patients identified, 113 met definitive or probable criteria for NCC diagnosis. Most were Hispanic, from Mexico, and living in the United States for more than 5 years. Fifty-four (48%) had calcified lesions, and 59 (52%) had viable lesions, including 26 with extraparenchymal NCC. Although all patients underwent neuroimaging, many (n = 44, 39%) did not undergo both magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography of the head. Few patients underwent gold-standard confirmatory serology. Twenty-four percent (n = 8) of patients with viable parenchymal NCC and 80% (n = 21) of patients with extraparenchymal NCC were not treated according to IDSA guidelines or were untreated. To address the gaps identified by our research, future work should include implementation of medical education strategies to improve knowledge of NCC diagnostic and management practices among frontline health care providers serving at-risk U.S. communities.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attention for Compliance: Visual Media in Second World War Anti-Malaria Efforts. 遵守的注意：视觉媒体在第二次世界大战抗疟疾的努力。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.26-0015

W Sanders Marble, G Dennis Shanks

引用次数: 0

Multidrug-Resistant and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria among Intensive Care Unit Patients in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉民族地区州重症监护病房患者中的多重耐药和产碳青霉烯酶革兰氏阴性菌

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0650

Mizan Kindu, Feleke Moges, Getahun Negash, Zemene Tigabu, Baye Gelaw

{"title":"Multidrug-Resistant and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria among Intensive Care Unit Patients in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.","authors":"Mizan Kindu, Feleke Moges, Getahun Negash, Zemene Tigabu, Baye Gelaw","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0650","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobials are extensively used in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). As a result, the ICU has become a hot spot for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and carbapenemase-producing (CP) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) infection in hospitals. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii are critical priority GNB causing serious infections in ICUs. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profile, and associated factors of critical GNB among ICU patients in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Based on patients' clinical findings, different clinical samples were aseptically collected. Bacterial identification was done using biochemical tests, and antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Modified and simplified carbapenem inactivation methods were used for meropenem-resistant isolates to phenotypically detect carbapenemase production. Six hundred clinical specimens were collected, most of which were blood (94.8%) followed by urine (2.7%), discharge (2.0%), and tracheal aspirates (0.5%). Of these specimens, 148 (24.7%) were culture positive. Overall prevalence rates of MDR (resistance to one or more agents in three or more antibiotic classes) and CP critical GNB were 79.7% and 9.5%, respectively, with 76.3-100% resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Empirical treatment with antibiotics was significantly associated with MDR critical GNB infection (adjusted odds ratio: 6.57, CI: 2.19-19.82). In conclusion, the majority of the isolates showed a higher resistance rate to commonly prescribed antibiotics. These findings urgently call for strengthened antimicrobial stewardship and enhanced infection prevention and control practices in these settings.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sickle Trait Hemoglobin Does Not Influence Anopheles Biting Rates. 镰状血红蛋白不影响按蚊的咬人率。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0758

Christine F Markwalter, Emmah Kimachas, Erastus Kirwa, Joseph Kipkoech, Samuel Kahindi, Lucy Abel, Zay Yar Han, Judith N Mangeni, Andrew A Obala, Wendy Prudhomme O'Meara, Steve M Taylor

引用次数: 0

Modified Measles in an Undervaccinated Adult Traveler. 未接种疫苗的成年旅行者的改良麻疹。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0593

Chihaya Saito, Kazuhisa Yokota

引用次数: 0

Coinfection with Giardiasis and Taeniasis. 贾第虫病和带绦虫病合并感染。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0742

Yu Miyazaki, Akitoshi Ueno, Takuya Adachi

引用次数: 0

Associations of Malaria, Diarrhea, and Respiratory Infections with Growth Velocity of Children in Tanzania. 坦桑尼亚儿童生长速度与疟疾、腹泻和呼吸道感染的关系。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0345

Honelgn Nahusenay Hiruy, Enju Liu, Alemayehu Worku, Karim P Manji, Christopher P Duggan, Yemane Berhane, Wafaie W Fawzi

{"title":"Associations of Malaria, Diarrhea, and Respiratory Infections with Growth Velocity of Children in Tanzania.","authors":"Honelgn Nahusenay Hiruy, Enju Liu, Alemayehu Worku, Karim P Manji, Christopher P Duggan, Yemane Berhane, Wafaie W Fawzi","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0345","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of children is influenced by various factors, including infections like malaria, diarrhea, and respiratory tract infections (RTIs). This study aimed to assess the associations of these infections with the monthly growth velocity in Tanzanian children. We used data from 2,397 Tanzanian children enrolled in a randomized controlled trial and followed for 18 months (30,079 monthly visits). The exposure variables were infections, whereas the outcome variables were monthly height and weight velocities. Mixed-effects models were used to assess the relationships. The average height velocity was 1.58 cm per month, and average weight velocity was 358 g per month during the follow-up period. Malaria infection was association with a reduction of 0.14 cm/month in height velocity (coefficient [95% CI]: -0.14 [-0.23 to -0.05]) but not significantly associated with weight velocity. RTIs were associated with a reduction of 0.10 cm/month (coefficient [95% CI]: -0.10 [-0.15 to -0.04]) and a decrease of 37 g/month (coefficient [95% CI]: -37 [-72 to -2.6]) in height and weight velocity, respectively. Diarrhea was also inversely associated with both height and weight velocity, with reductions of 0.26 cm/month (coefficient [95% CI]: -0.26 [-0.35 to -0.17])] and 120 g/month (coefficient [95% CI]: -120 [-177 to -62]), respectively. The findings demonstrate that malaria, respiratory infections, and diarrhea are associated with slower growth velocity in children. These results underscore the importance of integrated health care strategies to address these prevalent infections, because preventing them may contribute to healthier child growth and better overall health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Scope and Status of Biological Interventions in Malaria Control. 探讨生物干预在疟疾控制中的范围和地位。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0084

Sushma Kumari, Renuka Siddaramegowda, Asmita Beeranthbail, Gopal Shankar, Mithun Kumar, Swati Sinha, Anupkumar Anvikar, Vani H Chalageri, Praveen Kumar Tripathi, Shrinivasa B Marinaik

{"title":"Exploring the Scope and Status of Biological Interventions in Malaria Control.","authors":"Sushma Kumari, Renuka Siddaramegowda, Asmita Beeranthbail, Gopal Shankar, Mithun Kumar, Swati Sinha, Anupkumar Anvikar, Vani H Chalageri, Praveen Kumar Tripathi, Shrinivasa B Marinaik","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0084","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a major health concern worldwide, with an estimated 282 million infections and 610,000 deaths in 2024. Plasmodium parasites, spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes, are the cause. Several interventions, such as indoor residual spraying, insecticide-treated bed nets, and antimalarial drugs, have reduced transmission; however, challenges such as insecticide resistance, environmental concerns, and climate change have led to the exploration of alternative approaches. To address these limitations, biological control, which involves the use of natural organisms and biological agents to target mosquito vectors, is increasingly accepted as a viable solution. This method involves viruses, fungi, microbial pathogens, natural predators, alkaloids, essential oils, and plants with larvicidal properties. In addition, genetic techniques such as the sterile insect technique and genetically modified mosquitoes offer new approaches to managing mosquito populations. Additionally, entomopathogenic fungi are of particular interest because they can infect and kill mosquito vectors. In the present narrative review, an overview of existing biological approaches and current research progress that may enhance intervention strategies for sustainable malaria control and eventual eradication is presented.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Validation of an ELISA to Detect Antibody to Onchocerca volvulus Infection Using Mammalian Expressed Recombinant Ov16. 动物表达重组Ov16酶联免疫吸附检测扭转盘尾丝虫病抗体的建立与验证。

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0725

Sylvia Ossai, Yong Wang, Eric S Elder, Karana Wickens, Kimberly Y Won, W Evan Secor, Sukwan Handali

{"title":"Development and Validation of an ELISA to Detect Antibody to Onchocerca volvulus Infection Using Mammalian Expressed Recombinant Ov16.","authors":"Sylvia Ossai, Yong Wang, Eric S Elder, Karana Wickens, Kimberly Y Won, W Evan Secor, Sukwan Handali","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0725","url":null,"abstract":"Programs designed to eliminate Onchocerca volvulus transmission rely on measurement of Ov16-specific antibodies in children <10 years old and molecular detection of parasites in blackfly vectors. Antibody testing can be conducted using rapid diagnostic tests or an ELISA, depending on location of testing and sample throughput needs. In previous efforts to establish anti-Ov16 testing in endemic country laboratories using existing tests, we encountered difficulties with assay reproducibility, reagent availability and shipping, and user friendliness. To address these challenges, we developed and validated an ELISA using Ov16 recombinant antigen expressed in a mammalian protein expression system that can be completed within 2 hours and does not require refrigeration during shipment. The assay was developed and validated using two distinct sets of dried blood spot samples that included defined positive, negative, and samples from infections with potential cross-reactivity. During development, the ELISA had 92.98% (95% CI = 88.28-97.68%) sensitivity and a specificity of 98.50% (95% CI = 93.80-100%). The cutoff point established during development was then applied to the validation set of specimens, which demonstrated a sensitivity of 89.47% (95% CI = 84.77-94.17%) and 98.32% (95% CI = 93.62-100%) specificity. When repeated over 4 days by 2 different operators, all replicates yielded reproducible results within a coefficient of variance of 20%. In addition, we performed stability testing on assay reagents to evaluate their suitability for shipping at ambient temperatures. The resulting assay will be useful for monitoring anti-Ov16 prevalence in endemic country laboratories.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis in Three Public Health Clinics in the Kingston Metropolitan Area, Jamaica, 2022. 2022年牙买加金斯敦大都会区三家公共卫生诊所病毒性肝炎流行情况

IF 1.6 4区医学

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.25-0359

Jenene R Cameron, Venise McIntosh-Morgan, Niel McKnight, Keisha Francis, Leshawn Mendoza, Abbas Hadji, Francisco Averhoff, Mary Rodgers, Gavin Cloherty, Susan Strachan-Johnson, John Lindo, J Peter Figueroa, Michelle Brown, Joshua J Anzinger

{"title":"Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis in Three Public Health Clinics in the Kingston Metropolitan Area, Jamaica, 2022.","authors":"Jenene R Cameron, Venise McIntosh-Morgan, Niel McKnight, Keisha Francis, Leshawn Mendoza, Abbas Hadji, Francisco Averhoff, Mary Rodgers, Gavin Cloherty, Susan Strachan-Johnson, John Lindo, J Peter Figueroa, Michelle Brown, Joshua J Anzinger","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.25-0359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.25-0359","url":null,"abstract":"Viral hepatitis is a global public health concern, yet surveillance data is lacking for many low-middle income countries, particularly in Jamaica where recent prevalence data is lacking. Serum samples were collected from patients attending antenatal (ANC; n = 530), non-communicable disease (NCD; n = 826) and sexually transmitted infection (STI; n = 517) clinics in the Kingston Metropolitan Area. All samples were tested for antibodies to hepatitis A - E viruses using the ABBOTT ARCHITECT to test for HAV IgG, HBV core total Ig, HCV total Ig, HDV total Ig, and HEV IgG, respectively, to assess for previous infection. The seroprevalence of HAV and HBV antibodies were ANC, 61.3%; NCD, 89.4%; STI, 65.4%; and ANC, 7.7%; NCD, 20.8%; STI, 17.2%; respectively, whilst HCV, HDV and HEV antibodies were all ∼1%. The seroprevalence of all types of viral hepatitis increased with age, notably for HAV and HBV. As HBV can cause chronic infections, HBV infection status was determined using the following tests: HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV core IgM, HBV core total Ig, HBV surface antigen Ig. Of the patients testing HBV core total Ig positive, the prevalence of acute HBV infection was noted to be 2.5%, 0%, 0% and chronic HBV infection was 12.5%, 9.6% and 5.1% in the ANC, NCD and STI clinics, respectively. Collectively, our data indicate that public health measures should be focused on HAV and HBV infections in Jamaica, with more robust surveillance and targeted vaccination for populations at risk of infection to limit transmission.","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147632388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0