Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"Prospects for time-domain and multi-messenger science with eXTP","authors":"Shu-Xu Yi,&nbsp;Wen Zhao,&nbsp;Ren-Xin Xu,&nbsp;Xue-Feng Wu,&nbsp;Giulia Stratta,&nbsp;Simone Dall’Osso,&nbsp;Yan-Jun Xu,&nbsp;Andrea Santangelo,&nbsp;Silvia Zane,&nbsp;Shuang-Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Hua Feng,&nbsp;Huan Yang,&nbsp;Junjie Mao,&nbsp;Junqiang Ge,&nbsp;Lijing Shao,&nbsp;Mi-Xiang Lan,&nbsp;He Gao,&nbsp;Lin Lin,&nbsp;Ning Jiang,&nbsp;Qingwen Wu,&nbsp;Tong Liu,&nbsp;Yun-Wei Yu,&nbsp;Xiang-Yu Wang,&nbsp;Jin Zhang,&nbsp;Dafne Guetta,&nbsp;Jin-Jun Geng,&nbsp;Di Xiao,&nbsp;Yong-Feng Huang,&nbsp;Yacheng Kang,&nbsp;Tian-Yong Cao,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenwei Lyu,&nbsp;Zhen Pan,&nbsp;Yunfeng Chen,&nbsp;Yong Gao,&nbsp;Ang Li,&nbsp;Yu-Cong Fu,&nbsp;Shuo Xiao,&nbsp;Wei-Yang Wang,&nbsp;Fayin Wang,&nbsp;Zhenyin Zhao,&nbsp;Weihua Lei,&nbsp;Rong-Feng Shen,&nbsp;Lixin Dai,&nbsp;Guang-Lei Wu,&nbsp;Liang-Duan Liu,&nbsp;Bing Li,&nbsp;Xilong Fan,&nbsp;Xing-Jiang Zhu,&nbsp;Youjun Lu,&nbsp;Fan Xu,&nbsp;Kangfa Cheng,&nbsp;Da-Bin Lin,&nbsp;Xiao-Hong Zhao,&nbsp;Jun-Jie Wei,&nbsp;Bin-Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Ji-Rong Mao,&nbsp;Yongquan Xue,&nbsp;Xinwen Shu,&nbsp;Wenjie Zhang,&nbsp;Wei-Li Lin,&nbsp;Achille Fiore,&nbsp;Zhuo Li,&nbsp;Antonio Martin-Carrillo,&nbsp;Joseph Fisher,&nbsp;Fei Xie,&nbsp;Ye Li,&nbsp;Sandro Mereghetti,&nbsp;Shao-Lin Xiong,&nbsp;Yu-Han Yang,&nbsp;Eleonora Troja,&nbsp;Zi-Gao Dai,&nbsp;Da-Ming Wei,&nbsp;En-Wei Liang,&nbsp;J. E. Horvath,&nbsp;G. R. Cunha Sampaio,&nbsp;L. G. Barão,&nbsp;L. M. de Sá","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2782-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2782-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this new era of time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy, various new transients and new phenomena are constantly being discovered thanks to the rapid advances in observations, which provide the excellent opportunity to study the physics in the extreme environments. The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission (eXTP), planned to be launched in 2030, has several key advantages, including advanced polarimetry, high sensitivity &amp; large effective area, and wide energy range coverage, which make it a groundbreaking project in high-energy astrophysics. In this article, we briefly introduce the potential time-domain and multi-messenger targets for eXTP, including gravitational-wave (GW) counterparts, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), magnetars and fast radio bursts (FRBs), tidal disruption events (TDEs), supernovae, high energy neutrinos and TeV active galactic nucleus (AGNs), and so on. We discuss the advantages of future eXTP observations for detecting these sources, their detection capabilities, the abilities to distinguish theoretical models, and their applications in gravity and cosmology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP for launch in 2030","authors":"Shuang-Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Andrea Santangelo,&nbsp;Yupeng Xu,&nbsp;Hua Feng,&nbsp;Fangjun Lu,&nbsp;Yong Chen,&nbsp;Mingyu Ge,&nbsp;Kirpal Nandra,&nbsp;Xin Wu,&nbsp;Marco Feroci,&nbsp;Margarita Hernanz,&nbsp;Congzhan Liu,&nbsp;Huilin He,&nbsp;Yusa Wang,&nbsp;Weichun Jiang,&nbsp;Weiwei Cui,&nbsp;Yanji Yang,&nbsp;Juan Wang,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Hong Li,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Du,&nbsp;Xiaohua Liu,&nbsp;Bin Meng,&nbsp;Xiangyang Wen,&nbsp;Aimei Zhang,&nbsp;Jia Ma,&nbsp;Maoshun Li,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Liqiang Qi,&nbsp;Jianchao Sun,&nbsp;Tao Luo,&nbsp;Hongwei Liu,&nbsp;Xiaojing Liu,&nbsp;Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Laidan Luo,&nbsp;Yuxuan Zhu,&nbsp;Zijian Zhao,&nbsp;Liang Sun,&nbsp;Xiongtao Yang,&nbsp;Qiong Wu,&nbsp;Jiechen Jiang,&nbsp;Haoli Shi,&nbsp;Jiangtao Liu,&nbsp;Yanbing Xu,&nbsp;Sheng Yang,&nbsp;Laiyu Zhang,&nbsp;Dawei Han,&nbsp;Na Gao,&nbsp;Jia Huo,&nbsp;Ziliang Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Wang,&nbsp;Xiaofan Zhao,&nbsp;Shuo Wang,&nbsp;Zhenjie Li,&nbsp;Ziyu Bao,&nbsp;Yaoguang Liu,&nbsp;Ke Wang,&nbsp;Na Wang,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Langping Wang,&nbsp;Dianlong Wang,&nbsp;Fei Ding,&nbsp;Lizhi Sheng,&nbsp;Pengfei Qiang,&nbsp;Yongqing Yan,&nbsp;Yongan Liu,&nbsp;Zhenyu Wu,&nbsp;Yichen Liu,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Yacong Zhang,&nbsp;Hongbang Liu,&nbsp;Alexander Altmann,&nbsp;Thomas Bechteler,&nbsp;Vadim Burwitz,&nbsp;Carlo Fiorini,&nbsp;Peter Friedrich,&nbsp;Norbert Meidinger,&nbsp;Rafael Strecker,&nbsp;Luca Baldini,&nbsp;Ronaldo Bellazzini,&nbsp;Raffaella Bonino,&nbsp;Andrea Frassà,&nbsp;Luca Latronico,&nbsp;Simone Maldera,&nbsp;Alberto Manfreda,&nbsp;Massimo Minuti,&nbsp;Melissa Pesce-Rollins,&nbsp;Carmelo Sgrò,&nbsp;Stefano Tugliani,&nbsp;Giovanni Pareschi,&nbsp;Stefano Basso,&nbsp;Giorgia Sironi,&nbsp;Daniele Spiga,&nbsp;Gianpiero Tagliaferri,&nbsp;Andrii Tykhonov,&nbsp;Stèphane Paltani,&nbsp;Enrico Bozzo,&nbsp;Christoph Tenzer,&nbsp;Jörg Bayer,&nbsp;Youli Tuo,&nbsp;Honghui Liu,&nbsp;Yonghe Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiming Cai,&nbsp;Huaqiu Liu,&nbsp;Wen Chen,&nbsp;Chunhong Wang,&nbsp;Tao He,&nbsp;Yehai Chen,&nbsp;Chengbo Qiu,&nbsp;Ye Zhang,&nbsp;Jianchao Feng,&nbsp;Xiaofei Zhu,&nbsp;Heng Zhou,&nbsp;Shijie Zheng,&nbsp;Liming Song,&nbsp;Haoli Shi,&nbsp;Jinzhou Wang,&nbsp;Shumei Jia,&nbsp;Zewen Jiang,&nbsp;Xiaobo Li,&nbsp;Haisheng Zhao,&nbsp;Ju Guan,&nbsp;Juan Zhang,&nbsp;Chengkui Li,&nbsp;Yue Huang,&nbsp;Jinyuan Liao,&nbsp;Yuan You,&nbsp;Hongmei Zhang,&nbsp;Wenshuai Wang,&nbsp;Shuang Wang,&nbsp;Ge Ou,&nbsp;Hao Hu,&nbsp;Jingyan Shi,&nbsp;Tao Cui,&nbsp;Xiaowei Jiang,&nbsp;Yaodong Cheng,&nbsp;Haibo Li,&nbsp;Yanjun Xu,&nbsp;Silvia Zane,&nbsp;Cosimo Bambi,&nbsp;Qingcui Bu,&nbsp;Simone Dall’Osso,&nbsp;Alessandra De Rosa,&nbsp;Lijun Gou,&nbsp;Sebastien Guillot,&nbsp;Long Ji,&nbsp;Ang Li,&nbsp;Jirong Mao,&nbsp;Alessandro Patruno,&nbsp;Giulia Stratta,&nbsp;Roberto Taverna,&nbsp;Sergey Tsygankov,&nbsp;Phil Uttley,&nbsp;Anna L. Watts,&nbsp;Xuefeng Wu,&nbsp;Renxin Xu,&nbsp;Shuxu Yi,&nbsp;Guobao Zhang,&nbsp;Liang Zhang,&nbsp;Wen Zhao,&nbsp;Ping Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2786-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2786-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we present the current status of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission, which has been fully approved for launch in 2030. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of matter density, gravity, and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring the effects of quantum electro-dynamics, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, the eXTP mission is poised to become a leading observatory for time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy in the 2030s, as well as providing observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. After briefly introducing the history and a summary of the scientific objectives of the eXTP mission, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of: (1) the cutting-edge technology, technical specifications, and anticipated performance of the mission’s scientific instruments; (2) the full mission profile, encompassing spacecraft design, operational capabilities, and ground segment infrastructure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant nonlinear Nernst effect observed in time-reversal-invariant but inversion symmetry breaking materials","authors":"Gang Su","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2749-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2749-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing CP-violating neutral triple gauge couplings at electron-positron colliders","authors":"John Ellis,&nbsp;Hong-Jian He,&nbsp;Rui-Qing Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2757-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2757-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study the CP-violating (CPV) neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) that can be realized via dimension-8 operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). We present a new formulation of the CPV nTGC form factors that is compatible with the spontaneous breaking of the electroweak gauge symmetry, and show how these CPV form factors can be matched consistently with the corresponding dimension-8 CPV nTGC operators in the broken phase. We then study probes of the CPV nTGCs at future high-energy <i>e</i>⁺<i>e</i>⁻ colliders with centre-of-mass energies <span>(sqrt{s}=0.25,0.5,1,3,5)</span> TeV, respectively, demonstrating that the <i>e</i>^∓ beam polarizations can help to improve the sensitivities of probes of the nTGCs. We estimate that the sensitivity reaches for probing the new physics scales of nTGCs can range from <i>O</i>(TeV) at a 250 GeV <i>e</i>⁺<i>e</i>⁻ collider to <i>O</i>(10 TeV) at an <i>e</i>⁺<i>e</i>⁻ collider of energy 3–5 TeV, and that the sensitivities to the nTGC form factors vary from <i>O</i>(10⁻⁴) to <i>O</i>(10⁻⁶–10⁻⁸) for the <i>e</i>⁺<i>e</i>⁻ collision energy from 250 GeV to 3–5 TeV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dense matter in neutron stars with eXTP","authors":"Ang Li,&nbsp;Anna L. Watts,&nbsp;Guobao Zhang,&nbsp;Sebastien Guillot,&nbsp;Yanjun Xu,&nbsp;Andrea Santangelo,&nbsp;Silvia Zane,&nbsp;Hua Feng,&nbsp;Shuang-Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Mingyu Ge,&nbsp;Liqiang Qi,&nbsp;Tuomo Salmi,&nbsp;Bas Dorsman,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Miao,&nbsp;Zhonghao Tu,&nbsp;Yuri Cavecchi,&nbsp;Xia Zhou,&nbsp;Xiaoping Zheng,&nbsp;Weihua Wang,&nbsp;Quan Cheng,&nbsp;Xuezhi Liu,&nbsp;Yining Wei,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Yujing Xu,&nbsp;Shanshan Weng,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhu,&nbsp;Zhaosheng Li,&nbsp;Lijing Shao,&nbsp;Youli Tuo,&nbsp;Akira Dohi,&nbsp;Ming Lyu,&nbsp;Peng Liu,&nbsp;Jianping Yuan,&nbsp;Mingyang Wang,&nbsp;Wenda Zhang,&nbsp;Zexi Li,&nbsp;Lian Tao,&nbsp;Liang Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Shen,&nbsp;Constança Providência,&nbsp;Laura Tolos,&nbsp;Alessandro Patruno,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Guozhu Liu,&nbsp;Kai Zhou,&nbsp;Lie-Wen Chen,&nbsp;Yizhong Fan,&nbsp;Toshitaka Kajino,&nbsp;Dong Lai,&nbsp;Xiangdong Li,&nbsp;Jie Meng,&nbsp;Xiaodong Tang,&nbsp;Zhigang Xiao,&nbsp;Shaolin Xiong,&nbsp;Renxin Xu,&nbsp;Shan-Gui Zhou,&nbsp;David R. Ballantyne,&nbsp;G. Fiorella Burgio,&nbsp;Jérôme Chenevez,&nbsp;Devarshi Choudhury,&nbsp;Anthea F. Fantina,&nbsp;Duncan K. Galloway,&nbsp;Francesca Gulminelli,&nbsp;Kai Hebeler,&nbsp;Mariska Hoogkamer,&nbsp;Jorge E. Horvath,&nbsp;Yves Kini,&nbsp;Aleksi Kurkela,&nbsp;Manuel Linares,&nbsp;Jérôme Margueron,&nbsp;Melissa Mendes,&nbsp;Micaela Oertel,&nbsp;Alessandro Papitto,&nbsp;Juri Poutanen,&nbsp;Nanda Rea,&nbsp;Achim Schwenk,&nbsp;Xin-Ying Song,&nbsp;Isak Svensson,&nbsp;David Tsang,&nbsp;Aleksi Vuorinen,&nbsp;Nils Andersson,&nbsp;M. Coleman Miller,&nbsp;Luciano Rezzolla,&nbsp;Jirina R. Stone,&nbsp;Anthony W. Thomas","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2761-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2761-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this white paper, we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray timing and polarimetry (eXTP) mission to constrain the equation of state of dense matter in neutron stars, exploring regimes not directly accessible to terrestrial experiments. By observing a diverse population of neutron stars—including isolated objects, X-ray bursters, and accreting systems—eXTP’s unique combination of timing, spectroscopy, and polarimetry enables high-precision measurements of compactness, spin, surface temperature, polarimetric signals, and timing irregularity. These multifaceted observations, combined with advances in theoretical modeling, pave the way toward a comprehensive description of the properties and phases of dense matter from the crust to the core of neutron stars. Under development by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the eXTP mission is planned to be launched in early 2030.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional rotational Doppler frequency shift for detecting spin acceleration","authors":"Zhiquan Hu,&nbsp;Xingyuan Lu,&nbsp;Junan Zhu,&nbsp;Yiyi Hang,&nbsp;Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Yangjian Cai,&nbsp;Chengliang Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2737-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2737-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The detection of angular acceleration has broad applications in remote sensing, including platform attitude control, dynamic target tracking, and environmental monitoring. The rotational Doppler effect of structured light carrying orbital angular momentum has shown great potential for measuring angular velocity. However, when the angular velocity varies, a chirped intensity signal is generated, and the frequency spectrum of traditional RDE analysis broadens, which hinders the accurate extraction of velocity or acceleration information. To address this challenge, fractional rotational Doppler frequency analysis was introduced to measure angular acceleration in cases of variable velocity motion illuminated by conjugate vortex beams. Experimental results demonstrate that fractional rotational Doppler frequency analysis not only effectively handles time- varying signals from accelerating objects, but also exhibits strong resistance to environmental noise and atmospheric turbulence. These advancements hold significant potential for practical applications in fields such as aerospace, deep-sea exploration, and beyond.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergent multiferroic altermagnets and spin control via noncollinear molecular polarization","authors":"Ziye Zhu,&nbsp;Yuntian Liu,&nbsp;Xunkai Duan,&nbsp;Jiayong Zhang,&nbsp;Bowen Hao,&nbsp;Su-Huai Wei,&nbsp;Igor Žutić,&nbsp;Tong Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2778-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2778-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Altermagnets, with spin splitting and vanishing magnetization, have been attributed to many fascinating phenomena and potential applications. In particular, integrating ferroelectricity with altermagnetism to enable magnetoelectric coupling and electric control of spin has drawn significant attention. However, its experimental realization and precise spin manipulation remain elusive. Here, by focusing on molecular ferroelectrics, the first discovered ferroelectrics renowned for their highly controllable molecular polarizations and structural flexibility, we reveal that these obstacles can be removed by an emergent multiferroic altermagnet with tunable spin polarization in a large class of fabricated organic materials. Using a symmetry-based design and a tight-binding model, we uncover the underlying mechanism of such molecular ferroelectric altermagnets and demonstrate how noncollinear molecular polarization can switch the spin polarization on and off and even reverse its sign, as detectable by the magneto-optical Kerr effect. From the first-principles calculations, we verify the feasibility of these materials in a series of well-established hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites and metal-organic frameworks. Our findings bridge molecular ferroelectrics and altermagnetic spintronics, highlighting an unexplored potential of multifunctional organic multiferroics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning revealed force-stress-fatigue damage correlation of high-speed train bogies","authors":"Zheng Yuan,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Pengyu Qi,&nbsp;Xianjia Chen,&nbsp;Yuqiong Li,&nbsp;Yi Yin,&nbsp;Qiang Li,&nbsp;Shouguang Sun,&nbsp;Yujie Wei","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2710-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2710-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Clarifying the correlation of multi-level mechanical parameters of structures in complex dynamic systems is a prerequisite for determining the accruing fatigue damage. In this paper, we adopt the independent component analysis algorithm in unsupervised learning and tap the latent correlation between measured forces and stresses of high-speed train bogies. It is revealed that there exists a strong correlation between the vertical force and the stress at the junction of the transverse beam and the side frame, a site prone to fatigue. Stresses reconstructed by strongly correlated independent components account for more than 70% of the fatigue damage, which in turn supports the finding that the vertical forces are the main contribution to the fatigue damage at the junction of the transverse beam and the side frame. This strong correlation between vertical forces and stresses effectively reduce the error in fatigue damage prediction and provide insights into fatigue life enhancement of critical structures of dynamic systems beyond high-speed trains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous-Hall Néel textures in altermagnetic materials","authors":"Rui-Chun Xiao,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Hui Han,&nbsp;Wei Gan,&nbsp;Mengmeng Yang,&nbsp;Ding-Fu Shao,&nbsp;Shu-Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Yang Gao,&nbsp;Mingliang Tian,&nbsp;Jianhui Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2769-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2769-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, the altermagnets, a new kind of collinear antiferromagnet with nearly zero net magnetization and momentum-dependent spin-splitting of bands, have sparked great interest. Despite simple magnetic structures, these altermagnets exhibit intriguing and intricate dependence of anomalous Hall effect (AHE) on the Néel vector, in contrast to the conventional perpendicular configuration of Hall current with magnetization in ferromagnets. However, the fundamental relationship between the AHE and the Néel vector remains largely elusive. Here, we reveal all the unconventional anomalous Hall textures in the Néel vector space, dubbed anomalous-Hall Néel textures (AHNTs) for altermagnets. Specifically, we identify 10 types across four categories of AHNTs for all altermagnets. Notably, we find that AHNTs resemble the known spin textures in momentum space and further reveal their symmetry origin. Meanwhile, we examine our key discoveries in prototypical altermagnets. Our work offers a thorough understanding of AHE in altermagnets and a complete and pictorial classification of altermagnets based on the geometry of response functions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning enhanced multiscale topology optimization with structural genome databases","authors":"Wenyu Hao,&nbsp;Zongliang Du,&nbsp;Jiayang Li,&nbsp;Iryna Slavashevich,&nbsp;Xu Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2744-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2744-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiscale topology optimization (MTO) offers a larger design space and enables the concurrent design of macroscopic “structure” and microscale “material”. Even after adopting the asymptotic homogenization analysis, the solution process could still be time-consuming, especially for multiscale topology optimization with multiple microstructures. To alleviate such an issue, a released structural genome database (SGD) is incorporated into the multiscale topology optimization process to replace the asymptotic homogenization analysis. The effectiveness, accuracy, and efficiency of the SGD-MTO algorithm are validated by benchmark examples, including optimization design of cellular structures with uniform and multiple microstructures, and concurrent multiscale design of uniform and multiple microstructures with connectivity constraints. It is validated that, compared with the traditional MTO algorithm with asymptotic homogenization analysis, the SGD-MTO algorithm can accelerate the solution efficiency by more than 30 times. Even for general MTO problems with optimized design desiring asymmetric microstructures, the proposed algorithm can still efficiently supply a reasonable initial design, which can be re-optimized in a few iterations using the explicit topology optimization method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}