Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"Tackling the microlensing wave effects of strong lensing gravitational waves with TAAH","authors":"Zuhui Fan","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2530-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2530-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-perfect replication on amorphous alloys through active force modulation based on machine learning/neural network parameter prediction","authors":"Senkuan Meng,&nbsp;Zheng Wang,&nbsp;Ruisong Zhu,&nbsp;Ruijie Liu,&nbsp;Jiang Ma,&nbsp;Lina Hu,&nbsp;Weihua Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2465-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2465-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a microforming technique, micro/nano-structural replication possesses advantages of high precision and efficiency. With the remarkable superplasticity in the supercooled liquid region, amorphous alloys or metallic glasses (MGs) are regarded as ideal materials for miniature fabrication. However, due to the intrinsic metastable nature of supercooled liquids, the design of imprinting processes for MGs poses a challenge. In the past, process parameters have largely relied on trial-and-error strategies. In this work, a low-frequency active force modulation system is employed to apply a stable, precise, and real-time feedback stress field for imprinting of MG samples. Low-frequency vibrations can facilitate the filling of microstructures on the template surface by reducing the effective viscosity of the supercooled liquid. With the dataset composed of orthogonal experiments, a machine learning strategy based on back-propagation (BP) neural networks was utilized to construct a 3D parameter space for temperature, stress, and time, and to predict the corresponding filling ratio. Furthermore, the optimal combination of imprinting process parameters was identified, and its filling ratio was experimentally validated to reach as high as 0.94. The near-perfect replication of microstructures confirms the superiority of the active force modulation system and the data-driven strategy of machine learning-assisted parameter design. At the same time, this one-step microforming process provides a new approach to addressing the accuracy-cost trade-off dilemma in precision manufacturing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of topological charge transformations in acoustic vortex using passive periodic systems","authors":"Di-Chao Chen,&nbsp;Xie Liu,&nbsp;Changqing Xu,&nbsp;Da-Jian Wu,&nbsp;Ying Cheng,&nbsp;Xiao-Jun Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2506-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2506-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vortex transmutation utilizes a periodic system, which not only enables the alteration of the topological charge (TC) of unstable input vortices but also facilitates their transformation into stable structures. This approach is crucial for investigating the characteristics of vortices in various wave systems. Here, we achieve acoustic vortex TC transmutation by employing a well-designed dual-structured plate external system (DPES). The interactions between the acoustic vortex and the finite-order discrete rotational symmetry lead to the transformation of its topological charge when complete rotational symmetry is broken to <i>N</i>th-order discrete symmetry. Our results experimentally demonstrate the acoustic vortex TC transmutation based on passive artificial structures, enabling numerous applications in particle manipulation and information multiplexing as well as advancing our understanding and control over free-space acoustic vortices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The detection, extraction and parameter estimation of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals with deep learning","authors":"Qianyun Yun,&nbsp;Wen-Biao Han,&nbsp;Yi-Yang Guo,&nbsp;He Wang,&nbsp;Minghui Du","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2500-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2500-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the primary goals of space-borne gravitational wave detectors is to detect and analyze extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs). This task is particularly challenging because EMRI signals are complex, lengthy, and faint. In this work, we introduce a 2-layer convolutional neural network (CNN) approach to detect EMRI signals for space-borne detectors, achieving a true positive rate (TPR) of 96.9% at a 1% false positive rate (FPR) for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) from 50 to 100. Especially, the key intrinsic parameters of EMRIs such as the mass, spin of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) and the initial eccentricity of the orbit can also be inferred directly by employing a neural network. The mass and spin of the SMBH can be determined at 99% and 92% respectively. This will greatly reduce the parameter spaces and computing cost for the following Bayesian parameter estimation. Our model also has a low dependency on the accuracy of the waveform model. This study underscores the potential of deep learning methods in EMRI data analysis, enabling the rapid detection of EMRI signals and efficient parameter estimation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wave effect of gravitational waves intersected with a microlens field II: An adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm and population study","authors":"Xikai Shan,&nbsp;Guoliang Li,&nbsp;Xuechun Chen,&nbsp;Wen Zhao,&nbsp;Bin Hu,&nbsp;Shude Mao","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2502-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2502-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The gravitational lensing wave effect generated by a microlensing field embedded in a lens galaxy is an inevitable phenomenon in strong lensed gravitational waves (SLGWs). This effect presents both challenges and opportunities for the detection and application of SLGWs. However, investigating this wave effect requires computing a complete diffraction integral over each microlens in the field. This is extremely time-consuming due to the large number of microlenses (10³–10⁶). Therefore, simply adding all the microlenses is impractical. Additionally, the complexity of the time delay surface makes the lens plane resolution a crucial factor in controlling numerical errors. In this paper, we propose a trapezoid approximation-based adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm to meet the challenges of calculation speed and precision. We find that this algorithm accelerates the calculation by four orders of magnitude compared to the simple adding method and is one order of magnitude faster than the fixed hierarchical tree algorithm proposed for electromagnetic microlensing. More importantly, our algorithm ensures controllable numerical errors, increasing confidence in the results. Together with our previous work (<i>Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron.</i> 66, 239511, 2023), this paper addresses all numerical issues, including integral convergence, precision, and computational time¹). Finally, we conducted a population study on the microlensing wave effect of SLGWs using this algorithm and found that the microlensing wave effect cannot be ignored, especially for Type II SLGWs (from saddle position of the time delay surface) due to their intrinsic geometric structures and their typical intersection with a denser microlensing field. Statistically, more than 33% (11%) of SLGWs have a mismatch larger than 1% (3%) compared to the unlensed waveform. Additionally, we found that the mismatch between signal pairs in a doubly imaged GW is generally larger than 10⁻³, and 61% (25%) of signal pairs have a mismatch larger than 1% (3%). Therefore, the microlensing-induced mismatch can reduce the SLGW identification ability using the overlapping method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous quality factor evolution of induced transparency in a virtualized coupled-oscillator system","authors":"Yunhan Yang,&nbsp;Han Jia,&nbsp;Tuo Liu,&nbsp;Yuzhen Yang,&nbsp;Jun Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2507-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2507-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The phenomenon of induced transparency, characterized by a high quality (Q) factor, holds significant importance in the fields of high-precision sensing, energy storage and wave manipulation. Conventional transparency systems are often constrained by the limited experimentally accessible parameter space and the lack of independent control over intrinsic parameters, thereby hindering advanced research on high-Q effects. Here we propose a virtualized coupled-oscillator system that enables reconfigurable induced transparency in the reflection spectrum. By virtually incorporating a pair of coupled oscillators into an individual acoustic meta-atom, we achieve the manipulation of induced transparency in a decoupled, wide-ranging, and elaborate manner. Exploiting the diverse evolutions across the intrinsic parameter space, we show experimentally a counter-intuitive increase in the Q-factor of the transparency window, which is attributed to the enhanced dissipation of the bright oscillator. Meanwhile, a constant group delay at the center frequency is observed accompanying this evolution. Our work demonstrates an intriguing platform as well as a novel strategy to engineer high-Q induced transparency phenomenon, and paves the way towards applications in programmable acoustic sensors, filters and slow-wave devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of acoustic hybrid topological phases induced by the p-d orbital interactions","authors":"Xiao Xiang,&nbsp;Feng Gao,&nbsp;Yu-Gui Peng,&nbsp;Peng Wu,&nbsp;Zong-Lin Li,&nbsp;Xue-Feng Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2503-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2503-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In spinless systems, growing attention has recently been attracted to synthetic gauge fields, which redefine the fundamental crystal symmetries by utilizing the projective algebraic relation. Hitherto, synthetic gauge fields have been commonly investigated in single orbital systems, and explorations on hybrid orbitals remain elusive in acoustics. Here, we report the experimental observation of hybrid topological phases induced by hybrid synthetic gauge flux, which is formed by the interaction between <i>p</i> and <i>d</i> orbitals embedded in acoustic cavities. By breaking the translation symmetries of <i>L</i>_<i>x</i> and/or <i>L</i>_<i>y</i>, we unambiguously demonstrate the first-order Möbius edge states and higher-order corner states. This work establishes a platform for seeking exotic topological phases induced by hybrid-orbitals interactions and initializing the framework of hybrid-orbitals-related topological physics. Potential applications can be anticipated in scenarios such as high-quality sensing and robust wave trapping due to the stepwise energy distribution of the hybrid topological phase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edge supercurrent in Josephson junctions based on topological materials","authors":"Junjie Qi,&nbsp;Chui-Zhen Chen,&nbsp;Juntao Song,&nbsp;Jie Liu,&nbsp;Ke He,&nbsp;Qing-Feng Sun,&nbsp;X. C. Xie","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2520-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2520-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interplay between novel topological states and superconductivity has garnered substantial interest due to its potential for topological quantum computing. The Josephson effect serves as a useful probe for edge superconductivity in these hybrid topological materials. In Josephson junctions based on topological materials, supercurrents exhibit unique quantum interference patterns, including the conventional Fraunhofer oscillations, the Φ₀-periodic oscillation, and the 2Φ₀-periodic oscillation in response to the external magnetic field (Φ₀ = <i>h</i>/2<i>e</i> is the flux quantum, <i>h</i> the Planck constant, and <i>e</i> the electron charge). These interference patterns stem from varied Andreev reflection mechanisms and the associated current density profiles. This review seeks to comprehensively examine the theoretical and experimental advancements in understanding the quantum interference patterns of edge supercurrents in Josephson junctions based on quantum spin Hall, quantum Hall, and quantum anomalous Hall systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Merging bound states in the continuum in an open acoustic resonator","authors":"Lujun Huang,&nbsp;Bin Jia,&nbsp;Artem S. Pilipchuk,&nbsp;Sibo Huang,&nbsp;Chen Shen,&nbsp;Almas F. Sadreev,&nbsp;Yong Li,&nbsp;Andrey E. Miroshnichenko","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2496-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2496-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are perfectly localized resonances despite embedding in the continuum spectrum. However, an isolated BIC is very sensitive to the structure perturbation. Here, we report merging acoustic BICs in a single open resonator, robust against the structure perturbation. We find that both symmetry-protected BIC and Friedrich-Wintgen BIC are sustained in a single coupled waveguide-resonator system. By varying the height and length of the resonator, these two BICs move toward each other and merge into a single one at a critical dimension. Compared to an individual BIC, the merged BIC is robust against fabrication error because its Q-factor is proportional to Δ<i>L</i>⁻⁴, where Δ<i>L</i> embodies the structure perturbation. The essence of this extraordinary phenomenon is perfectly explained by the two- and three-level approximations of the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Finally, we present direct experimental demonstrations of the moving and merging of BICs in a coupled 3D waveguide-resonator, which are evidenced by the vanishing of the linewidth of Fano resonance in the transmission spectra. Our results may find exciting applications in designing high-quality acoustic sources, sensors and filters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum public-key crypto via EPR pairs","authors":"Xiang-Qun Fu,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Li,&nbsp;Jian-Hong Shi,&nbsp;Tan Li,&nbsp;Wan-Su Bao","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2510-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2510-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the development of quantum computing technology, quantum public-key cryptography is gradually becoming an alternative to the existing classical public-key cryptography. This paper designs a quantum trapdoor one-way function via EPR pairs and quantum measurements. Based on this, a new quantum public-key cryptosystem is presented, which offers forward security, and can resist the chosen-plaintext attack and chosen-ciphertext attack. Compared with the existing quantum public-key cryptos, eavesdropping can be automatically detected in this new quantum public-key cryptosystem under a necessary condition, which is also detailed in the paper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}