Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"Noise-resilient nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation for bosonic binomial codes","authors":"Dong-Sheng Li,&nbsp;Yang Xiao,&nbsp;Yu Wang,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Zhi-Cheng Shi,&nbsp;Ye-Hong Chen,&nbsp;Yi-Hao Kang,&nbsp;Yan Xia","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3017-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3017-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The binomial code is renowned for its parity-mediated loss immunity and loss-error recoverability, while geometric phases are widely recognized for their intrinsic resilience against noise. Capitalizing on their complementary merits, we propose a noise-resilient protocol to realize nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation with binomial codes in a superconducting system composed of a microwave cavity dispersively coupled to a qutrit. The control field is designed by integrating reverse engineering and optimal control. This design provides a customized control protocol featuring strong error-tolerance and inherent noise-resilience. Using experimentally accessible parameters in superconducting systems, numerical simulations show that the protocol yields relatively high average fidelity for geometric quantum gates based on binomial code, even in the presence of parameter fluctuations and decoherence. Thus, this protocol may provide a practical approach for realizing reliable nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation with binomial codes in current technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for mechanics: From rapid prediction to mechanistic understanding","authors":"Wen Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3123-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3123-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-crystal FeCoNiMn high-entropy alloys with exceptional topological Hall properties","authors":"Yueqi Li,&nbsp;Jingshan Cao,&nbsp;Yuxin Ma,&nbsp;Jiayou Zhang,&nbsp;Zhangzhi Shi,&nbsp;Shifeng Jin,&nbsp;Haiyang Bai,&nbsp;Weihua Wang,&nbsp;Baoan Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3089-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3089-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-entropy alloys (HEAs) composed of multiple principal elements are an emerging class of advanced materials with novel and diverse properties. So far, most reported HEAs have been polycrystalline, which highly impedes the study of electronic structures that are intrinsic to understanding their unique properties. Conventional melt-growth methods fail to produce this alloy system because of severe elemental volatilization and segregation. Here, we report the development of millimeter-grade FeCoNiMn single crystals through abnormal grain growth, in which deformation-induced sub-boundary energy drives specifically oriented grains to coalesce and grow, successfully overcoming the inherent thermodynamic and kinetic limitations on grain growth of high-Mn HEAs. The high-quality single-crystal samples have a uniform chemically disordered lattice, distinct specific orientations, and few structural defects. The structure and properties of FeCoNiMn single crystals were investigated. Notably, we detected an exceptional signal of topological Hall resistivity up to 0.282 µΩ cm, which was not observed in the bulk polycrystalline counterparts. The single-crystal FeCoNiMn provides a highly promising candidate for applications in high-density magnetic storage devices and a model material for studying electronic band structures of chemically disordered materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonadiabatic geometric control of bosonic binomial codes","authors":"Tangyou Huang,&nbsp;Xi Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3103-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3103-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AC magnetostriction as a new probe of superconducting response masked by ferromagnetism","authors":"Huiqian Luo","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3117-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3117-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum-enhanced estimation of signal field amplitudes with critical squeezed states of photonic modes","authors":"Ken Chen,&nbsp;Jia-Hao Lü,&nbsp;Wen Ning,&nbsp;Zhen-Biao Yang,&nbsp;Shi-Biao Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3085-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3085-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Critical phenomena of quantum systems offer a promising strategy to improve measurement precision. So far, many criticality-enhanced quantum metrological schemes have been proposed by using the adiabatically evolved photonic states of composite systems involving a qubit and a field interacting with each other. These schemes focus on the measurement of the system’s inherent frequencies. We here propose a criticality-enhanced quantum sensing protocol, aiming to estimate the amplitude of an external signal field with the interacting qubit-photon system. The signal field is coupled to the photonic mode, so that the composite system has a unique dark state, where the photonic mode follows a squeezed vacuum state. The information about the signal field amplitude is encoded in photon number or one quadrature of the quantized photonic mode, which exhibits a divergent behavior near the critical point. The measurement precision can approach the Heisenberg limit with respect to the time to encode the signal and the photon number of the field mode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strange metal at the Lifshitz transition","authors":"Yi-Hui Xing,&nbsp;Wu-Ming Liu,&nbsp;Xiao-Tian Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3106-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3106-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Strange metal behavior is widely observed in cuprates, ruthenates, and twisted bilayer graphene. We study quantum critical transport at a two-dimensional Lifshitz transition, where the Fermi surface hosts a van Hove singularity and changes from convex to concave. Self-consistently solving the fermion-boson coupled system, we demonstrate a linear-in-1/<i>ω</i> optical conductivity driven by the interplay between impurity and critical scattering. The resistivity exhibits a persistent linear-in-<i>T</i> in the quantum critical regime down to <i>T</i> → 0. Spatially fluctuating Yukawa interaction further extends the linear-in-<i>T</i> regime, providing a unified mechanism for strange metallic transport at the Lifshitz transition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating pulsar wind nebula DA 495: Insights from LHAASO and multi-wavelength observations","authors":"Zhen Cao,&nbsp;F. Aharonian,&nbsp;Y. X. Bai,&nbsp;Y. W. Bao,&nbsp;D. Bastieri,&nbsp;X. J. Bi,&nbsp;Y. J. Bi,&nbsp;W. Bian,&nbsp;J. Blunier,&nbsp;A. V. Butkevich,&nbsp;C. M. Cai,&nbsp;W. Y. Cao,&nbsp;Zhe Cao,&nbsp;J. Chang,&nbsp;J. F. Chang,&nbsp;E. S. Chen,&nbsp;G. H. Chen,&nbsp;H. K. Chen,&nbsp;L. F. Chen,&nbsp;Liang Chen,&nbsp;Long Chen,&nbsp;M. J. Chen,&nbsp;M. L. Chen,&nbsp;Q. H. Chen,&nbsp;S. Chen,&nbsp;S. H. Chen,&nbsp;S. Z. Chen,&nbsp;T. L. Chen,&nbsp;X. B. Chen,&nbsp;X. J. Chen,&nbsp;X. P. Chen,&nbsp;Y. Chen,&nbsp;N. Cheng,&nbsp;Q. Y. Cheng,&nbsp;Y. D. Cheng,&nbsp;M. Y. Cui,&nbsp;S. W. Cui,&nbsp;X. H. Cui,&nbsp;Y. D. Cui,&nbsp;B. Z. Dai,&nbsp;H. L. Dai,&nbsp;L. X. Dai,&nbsp;Z. G. Dai,&nbsp; Danzengluobu,&nbsp;Y. X. Diao,&nbsp;A. J. Dong,&nbsp;K. K. Duan,&nbsp;X. D. Duan,&nbsp;J. H. Fan,&nbsp;Y. Z. Fan,&nbsp;J. Fang,&nbsp;J. H. Fang,&nbsp;K. Fang,&nbsp;C. F. Feng,&nbsp;H. Feng,&nbsp;L. Feng,&nbsp;S. H. Feng,&nbsp;X. T. Feng,&nbsp;Y. Feng,&nbsp;Y. L. Feng,&nbsp;S. Gabici,&nbsp;B. Gao,&nbsp;Q. Gao,&nbsp;W. Gao,&nbsp;C. Ge,&nbsp;M. M. Ge,&nbsp;T. T. Ge,&nbsp;L. S. Geng,&nbsp;G. Giacinti,&nbsp;G. H. Gong,&nbsp;Q. B. Gou,&nbsp;M. H. Gu,&nbsp;W. M. Gu,&nbsp;F. L. Guo,&nbsp;J. Guo,&nbsp;K. J. Guo,&nbsp;X. L. Guo,&nbsp;Y. Q. Guo,&nbsp;Y. Y. Guo,&nbsp;R. P. Han,&nbsp;O. A. Hannuksela,&nbsp;M. Hasan,&nbsp;H. H. He,&nbsp;H. N. He,&nbsp;J. Y. He,&nbsp;X. Y. He,&nbsp;Y. He,&nbsp;S. Hernández-Cadena,&nbsp;C. Hou,&nbsp;X. Hou,&nbsp;H. B. Hu,&nbsp;S. C. Hu,&nbsp;C. Huang,&nbsp;D. H. Huang,&nbsp;F. Huang,&nbsp;J. J. Huang,&nbsp;X. L. Huang,&nbsp;X. T. Huang,&nbsp;X. Y. Huang,&nbsp;Y. Huang,&nbsp;Z. J. Huang,&nbsp;Z. Q. Huang,&nbsp;A. Inventar,&nbsp;X. L. Ji,&nbsp;H. Y. Jia,&nbsp;K. Jia,&nbsp;H. B. Jiang,&nbsp;K. Jiang,&nbsp;X. W. Jiang,&nbsp;Z. J. Jiang,&nbsp;M. Jin,&nbsp;S. Kaci,&nbsp;M. M. Kang,&nbsp;I. Karpikov,&nbsp;D. Khangulyan,&nbsp;D. Kuleshov,&nbsp;K. Kurinov,&nbsp;W. H. Lei,&nbsp;Cheng Li,&nbsp;Cong Li,&nbsp;D. Li,&nbsp;F. Li,&nbsp;H. B. Li,&nbsp;H. C. Li,&nbsp;Jian Li,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;K. Li,&nbsp;L. Li,&nbsp;R. L. Li,&nbsp;T. Y. Li,&nbsp;W. L. Li,&nbsp;X. R. Li,&nbsp;X. Y. Li,&nbsp;Y. Li,&nbsp;Zhe Li,&nbsp;Zhuo Li,&nbsp;E. W. Liang,&nbsp;Y. F. Liang,&nbsp;S. J. Lin,&nbsp;B. Liu,&nbsp;C. Liu,&nbsp;D. Liu,&nbsp;D. B. Liu,&nbsp;H. Liu,&nbsp;J. Liu,&nbsp;J. F. Liu,&nbsp;J. L. Liu,&nbsp;J. R. Liu,&nbsp;M. Y. Liu,&nbsp;Q. Liu,&nbsp;R. Y. Liu,&nbsp;S. M. Liu,&nbsp;T. Liu,&nbsp;W. Liu,&nbsp;Y. Liu,&nbsp;Y. Liu,&nbsp;Y. N. Liu,&nbsp;Y. Q. Lou,&nbsp;Q. Luo,&nbsp;Y. Luo,&nbsp;H. K. Lv,&nbsp;B. Q. Ma,&nbsp;L. L. Ma,&nbsp;X. H. Ma,&nbsp;I. O. Maliy,&nbsp;J. R. Mao,&nbsp;Z. Min,&nbsp;W. Mitthumsiri,&nbsp;Y. Mizuno,&nbsp;G. B. Mou,&nbsp;A. Neronov,&nbsp;C.-Y. Ng,&nbsp;K. C. Y. Ng,&nbsp;M. Y. Ni,&nbsp;L. Nie,&nbsp;L. J. Ou,&nbsp;Z. W. Ou,&nbsp;P. Pattarakijwanich,&nbsp;Z. Y. Pei,&nbsp;D. Y. Peng,&nbsp;J. C. Qi,&nbsp;M. Y. Qi,&nbsp;J. J. Qin,&nbsp;H. Qu,&nbsp;A. Raza,&nbsp;C. Y. Ren,&nbsp;M. Q. Ruan,&nbsp;D. Ruffolo,&nbsp;D. Savchenko,&nbsp;D. Semikoz,&nbsp;L. Shao,&nbsp;O. Shchegolev,&nbsp;Y. Z. Shen,&nbsp;X. D. Sheng,&nbsp;F. W. Shu,&nbsp;H. C. Song,&nbsp;Yu. V. Stenkin,&nbsp;Y. Su,&nbsp;C. Y. Sun,&nbsp;D. X. Sun,&nbsp;H. Sun,&nbsp;J. X. Sun,&nbsp;M. Sun,&nbsp;Q. N. Sun,&nbsp;X. N. Sun,&nbsp;Z. B. Sun,&nbsp;A. Sáiz,&nbsp;N. H. Tabasam,&nbsp;J. Takata,&nbsp;P. H. T. Tam,&nbsp;H. B. Tan,&nbsp;Q. W. Tang,&nbsp;R. Tang,&nbsp;Z. B. Tang,&nbsp;W. W. Tian,&nbsp;C. N. Tong,&nbsp;L. H. Wan,&nbsp;C. Wang,&nbsp;D. H. Wang,&nbsp;G. W. Wang,&nbsp;H. G. Wang,&nbsp;J. C. Wang,&nbsp;J. F. Wang,&nbsp;J. S. Wang,&nbsp;K. Wang,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;L. P. Wang,&nbsp;L. Y. Wang,&nbsp;W. Wang,&nbsp;X. G. Wang,&nbsp;X. J. Wang,&nbsp;X. Y. Wang,&nbsp;Y. Wang,&nbsp;Y. D. Wang,&nbsp;Z. H. Wang,&nbsp;Z. X. Wang,&nbsp;Zheng Wang,&nbsp;D. M. Wei,&nbsp;J. J. Wei,&nbsp;Y. J. Wei,&nbsp;T. Wen,&nbsp;S. S. Weng,&nbsp;C. Y. Wu,&nbsp;H. R. Wu,&nbsp;Q. W. Wu,&nbsp;S. Wu,&nbsp;X. F. Wu,&nbsp;Y. S. Wu,&nbsp;S. Q. Xi,&nbsp;J. Xia,&nbsp;G. M. Xiang,&nbsp;D. X. Xiao,&nbsp;G. Xiao,&nbsp;Y. F. Xiao,&nbsp;B. H. Xie,&nbsp;F. Xie,&nbsp;Y. L. Xin,&nbsp;H. D. Xing,&nbsp;Y. Xing,&nbsp;D. R. Xiong,&nbsp;B. N. Xu,&nbsp;C. Y. Xu,&nbsp;D. L. Xu,&nbsp;R. X. Xu,&nbsp;S. S. Xu,&nbsp;L. Xue,&nbsp;D. H. Yan,&nbsp;T. Yan,&nbsp;C. Yang,&nbsp;C. Y. Yang,&nbsp;F. F. Yang,&nbsp;L. L. Yang,&nbsp;M. J. Yang,&nbsp;R. Z. Yang,&nbsp;W. X. Yang,&nbsp;Z. H. Yang,&nbsp;Z. G. Yao,&nbsp;X. A. Ye,&nbsp;L. Q. Yin,&nbsp;N. Yin,&nbsp;X. H. You,&nbsp;Z. Y. You,&nbsp;Y. H. Yu,&nbsp;Q. Yuan,&nbsp;H. Yue,&nbsp;H. D. Zeng,&nbsp;T. X. Zeng,&nbsp;W. Zeng,&nbsp;X. T. Zeng,&nbsp;M. Zha,&nbsp;B. Zhang,&nbsp;B. B. Zhang,&nbsp;B. T. Zhang,&nbsp;C. Zhang,&nbsp;H. Zhang,&nbsp;H. M. Zhang,&nbsp;H. Y. Zhang,&nbsp;J. L. Zhang,&nbsp;J. Y. Zhang,&nbsp;L. Y. Zhang,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;P. F. Zhang,&nbsp;R. Zhang,&nbsp;R. Y. Zhang,&nbsp;S. R. Zhang,&nbsp;S. S. Zhang,&nbsp;S. Y. Zhang,&nbsp;W. Zhang,&nbsp;X. Zhang,&nbsp;X. L. Zhang,&nbsp;X. P. Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Yong Zhang,&nbsp;Z. P. Zhang,&nbsp;J. Zhao,&nbsp;L. Zhao,&nbsp;L. Z. Zhao,&nbsp;S. P. Zhao,&nbsp;X. H. Zhao,&nbsp;F. Zheng,&nbsp;T. C. Zheng,&nbsp;B. Zhou,&nbsp;H. Zhou,&nbsp;J. N. Zhou,&nbsp;L. Zhou,&nbsp;M. Zhou,&nbsp;P. Zhou,&nbsp;R. Zhou,&nbsp;X. X. Zhou,&nbsp;X. X. Zhou,&nbsp;B. Y. Zhu,&nbsp;C. G. Zhu,&nbsp;F. R. Zhu,&nbsp;H. Zhu,&nbsp;K. J. Zhu,&nbsp;Y. F. Zhu,&nbsp;Z. F. Zhu,&nbsp;Y. C. Zou,&nbsp;X. Zuo,&nbsp;LHAASO Collaboration","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3095-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3095-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulsar wind nebula DA 495 (G65.7+1.2) has been extensively observed from radio to TeV <i>γ</i>-ray bands. We present LHAASO observations of DA 495, revealing an energy-dependent morphology, where an extended source with <i>r</i>₃₉ = 0.19° ± 0.02° is detected by WCDA (0.4–15 TeV), and a point-like source with a 95% upper limit of <i>r</i>₃₉ = 0.11° is observed by KM2A (&gt; 25 TeV). The spectrum of the source extends beyond 100 TeV with a break or cutoff at a few tens of TeV. Our X-ray data analysis, based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations, shows that the X-ray emission of DA 495 extends well to ∼6′, significantly larger than the size previously reported. The broadband spectral energy distribution across radio, X-ray, and TeV <i>γ</i>-ray bands is described by a one-zone leptonic model, yielding an average magnetic field of ∼5 µG, while Fermi-LAT spectral analysis indicates a likely presence of a <i>γ</i>-ray pulsar within the system. A time-dependent model, in which particle transport is convection-dominated in the inner region (within ∼100″) and diffusion-dominated in the outer region, successfully reproduces the observed radial profiles of X-ray surface brightness and spectral index, and also accounts for the TeV <i>γ</i>-ray emission detected by LHAASO, suggesting that DA 495 represents an evolved PWN with ongoing particle diffusion that gives rise to a TeV halo component—that is, a PWN+halo system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing energy-based neural network training processes with a coherent Ising machine","authors":"Chen-Rui Fan,&nbsp;Bo Lu,&nbsp;Zhi-Hong Zhang,&nbsp;Run-Qing Zhang,&nbsp;Jing-Wei Wen,&nbsp;Tie-Jun Wang,&nbsp;Chuan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3105-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3105-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While Ising machines serve as advanced physical solvers for the Ising model, thus enabling applications in combinatorial optimization problems and neural network training scenarios, their scalability for use with large-scale neural networks remains constrained by hardware connectivity limitations and suboptimal training methodologies. In this work, we leverage a coherent Ising machine (CIM) to train an energy-based neural network using equilibrium propagation, achieving performance comparable to that of existing software-based implementations. We further enhance the CIM simulation algorithm by integrating the Adam optimizer to compute the ground state of a Hopfield energy network, thereby significantly improving convergence speed and solution accuracy. Additionally, we demonstrate the scalability of our approach across deeper network architectures and convolutional operations. Our results highlight the potential for CIM dynamics to serve as a physics-inspired optical platform, distinct from classical computing, for training complex neural networks, offering a pathway toward energy-efficient implementations via analog circuits, optoelectronics, or integrated photonics. This work establishes a novel physical framework for the development of next-generation AI hardware.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148985348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct detection of Type II-P supernova progenitors with the Euclid and CSST surveys","authors":"Junjie Wu,&nbsp;Ning-Chen Sun,&nbsp;Zexi Niu,&nbsp;Tianmang Zhang,&nbsp;Chun Chen,&nbsp;Xiaohan Chen,&nbsp;Nancy Elias-Rosa,&nbsp;Morgan Fraser,&nbsp;Xinyi Hong,&nbsp;Justyn Maund,&nbsp;César Rojas-Bravo,&nbsp;Anyu Wang,&nbsp;Beichuan Wang,&nbsp;Ziyang Wang,&nbsp;Qiang Xi,&nbsp;Linxi Zhang,&nbsp;Yinuo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-026-3104-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-026-3104-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying and characterizing supernova (SN) progenitor stars remains a central yet difficult goal in SN research, limited by archival images lacking sufficient depth or spatial resolution and circumstellar dust biasing intrinsic parameter estimates. This field will be revolutionized by Euclid and the upcoming Chinese Space-station Survey Telescope (CSST), which conduct deep, wide-field, high-resolution, and multi-band imaging surveys. We evaluate their detection capability by comparing model magnitudes of RSG progenitors with detection limits, finding their optical and near-infrared filters highly effective. Monte-Carlo simulations predict that completed Euclid and CSST surveys will enable ≲13 (or 24) progenitor detections per year within the mass range of 8<i>M</i>_⊙-16<i>M</i>_⊙ (or 8<i>M</i>_⊙-25<i>M</i>_⊙), an order of magnitude higher than the current detection rate of ∼1 per year (primarily based on Hubble Space Telescope (HST)). With the circumstellar dust, the emerging spectral energy distribution (SED) of the SN progenitor is mainly affected by the optical depth and is almost independent of dust temperature in the survey filters. Mock tests demonstrate that the progenitor mass and dust optical depth can be derived simultaneously by fitting the observed SED over 11 survey filters while fixing dust temperature to a typical value. Euclid and CSST will significantly enlarge the sample of direct progenitor detections with accurate mass measurements, crucial for resolving the long-standing RSG problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"69 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}