Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy最新文献

“Frog-eyes” in astronomy: Monitoring binary radial velocity variations through a pair of narrow-band filters 天文学中的“青蛙眼”：通过一对窄带滤光片监测双星径向速度变化

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-024-2631-4

Chuanjie Zheng, Yang Huang, Jifeng Liu, Hongrui Gu, Hong Wu, Youjun Lu, Yongkang Sun, Henggeng Han, Song Wang, Timothy C. Beers, Kai Xiao, Zhirui Li, Boweng Zhang, Yongna Mao, Zhengyang Li, Hangxin Ji

{"title":"“Frog-eyes” in astronomy: Monitoring binary radial velocity variations through a pair of narrow-band filters","authors":"Chuanjie Zheng, Yang Huang, Jifeng Liu, Hongrui Gu, Hong Wu, Youjun Lu, Yongkang Sun, Henggeng Han, Song Wang, Timothy C. Beers, Kai Xiao, Zhirui Li, Boweng Zhang, Yongna Mao, Zhengyang Li, Hangxin Ji","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2631-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2631-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Spectroscopic observations are a crucial step in driving major discoveries in the era of time-domain surveys. However, the pace of current spectroscopic surveys is increasingly unable to meet the demands of rapidly advancing large-scale time-domain surveys. To address this issue, we propose the “Frog-eyes” system, which employs a pair of narrow-band filters: one positioned near a strong absorption line to capture signals from Doppler shifts, and the other placed on the adjacent continuum to monitor intrinsic variations. The combination of observations from the two filters enables the extraction of radial velocity (RV) curves from a large sample of binary stars, and is particularly efficient for single-lined binaries (SB1), using photometric techniques. Comprehensive mock simulations on SB1 demonstrate that the binary orbital parameters can be precisely measured from the extracted RV curves for binary systems where the primary star has an effective temperature greater than 6000 K. With a typical ground-based photometric precision of approximately 0.3%, the uncertainties in the derived semi-amplitude K and eccentricity e are less than 10% and 0.1, respectively, for binary systems with K ≽ 30 km s−1. These encouraging results are further validated by real observations of the hot subdwarf-white dwarf binary system HD 265435, using a non-specialized “Frog-eyes” system installed on the Chinese 2.16 m telescope. Once this system is properly installed on large-field-of-view survey telescopes, the rate of acquiring RV curves for binaries will approach their detection rate in leading time-domain photometric surveys.</div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

More makes different: Double-network hydrogels break temperature limits 更多的不同：双网水凝胶打破了温度限制

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-025-2664-3

Weiqiu Chen

引用次数: 0

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution based on machine-learning-enhanced qubit-based synchronization 基于机器学习增强量子比特同步的独立于参考帧的量子密钥分发

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-024-2618-y

Zhiyu Tian, Ziran Xie, Ye Chen, Xiaodong Fan, Jinquan Huang, Tonglin Mu, Junran Guo, Kejin Wei, Shihai Sun

{"title":"Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution based on machine-learning-enhanced qubit-based synchronization","authors":"Zhiyu Tian, Ziran Xie, Ye Chen, Xiaodong Fan, Jinquan Huang, Tonglin Mu, Junran Guo, Kejin Wei, Shihai Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2618-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2618-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables information-theoretically secure communication, even in the era of quantum information. In all QKD systems, clock synchronization between two remote users—commonly referred to as Alice and Bob—is a fundamental requirement. This is typically achieved by transmitting an additional reference clock signal from Alice to Bob. In such a scheme, additional synchronization devices are required, increasing system complexity and introducing external noise. To address these issues, a novel synchronization technology, called the qubit-based synchronization method, was proposed. This method directly synchronizes two users using quantum signals, thereby dramatically reducing system complexity. However, previous qubit-based synchronization methods are not applicable to time-bin phase-encoding QKD systems, as multiple time slides introduce disturbances to time recovery. In this paper, we propose a machine-learning-enhanced qubit-based synchronization method. By introducing a K-nearest neighbor model, this method can efficiently classify each time slide in time-bin phase-encoding QKD, thereby enabling successful time recovery. We demonstrate our method using a time-bin phase-encoding reference-frame-independent (RFI)-QKD and successfully distribute secure key bits over up to 200 km of fiber spools. Our work simplifies the complexity of QKD system and significantly advances the practical application of QKD.</div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acoustic encryption with cascaded acoustic holography 级联声全息声学加密

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-024-2652-x

Qin Lin, Feiyan Cai, Jinwei Ye, Yunqing Liu, Rujun Zhang, Jun Wang, Yanyi Chen, Hairong Zheng, Huailing Zhang

{"title":"Acoustic encryption with cascaded acoustic holography","authors":"Qin Lin, Feiyan Cai, Jinwei Ye, Yunqing Liu, Rujun Zhang, Jun Wang, Yanyi Chen, Hairong Zheng, Huailing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2652-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2652-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Acoustic waves are promising for information encryption in electromagnetic shielding environments, or underwater. However, current encryption methods using acoustic waves are prone to information leakage during the decryption process due to their limited information capacity. Herein, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel acoustic holographic encryption framework based on cascaded acoustic holography, enabling encrypted information to be spatially split into two acoustic holographic plates (AHPs). To achieve this, we introduce a physics-enhanced cascaded acoustic hologram deep neural network method that inversely optimizes the phase offset distributions of AHPs. Both numerical and experimental results show that each AHP serves as a spatially separable secret key, carrying a portion of the encrypted information as a unique holographic image. Notably, the complete encrypted image, which differs from the individual holographic images generated by each AHP, is only revealed when both AHPs are appropriately cascaded along the diffraction path. This significantly enhances both information capacity and security. Moreover, we present an enhanced acoustic holographic encryption scheme that allows for the encryption of two holographic images using just three AHPs. A distinct example of underwater communication based on the proposed cascaded acoustic holographic encryption framework is further demonstrated, highlighting its capacity for high-capacity and enhanced-security parallel transmission of multiple messages to multiple receivers. With the advantages of high security, high scalability, and high fidelity, our cascaded acoustic holographic encryption framework has promising applications in fields such as acoustic encryption and underwater communication.</div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lensing and light rings of parity-odd rotating boson stars 奇偶对旋转玻色子恒星的透镜和光环

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-024-2577-0

Yang Huang, Dao-Jun Liu, Hongsheng Zhang

引用次数: 0

Flow physics and dynamics in advanced lithography 先进光刻技术中的流动物理与动力学

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-025-2667-3

Quan Zhou

引用次数: 0

Prediction of nuclear clock transition frequency difference between 229Th3+ and 229Th4+ via ab initio self-consistent field theory 用从头算自洽场论预测229Th3+和229Th4+的核时钟跃迁频率差

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-025-2675-4

Ran Si, Chaofan Shi, Nan Xue, Xiangjin Kong, Chongyang Chen, Bingsheng Tu, Yu-Gang Ma

{"title":"Prediction of nuclear clock transition frequency difference between 229Th3+ and 229Th4+ via ab initio self-consistent field theory","authors":"Ran Si, Chaofan Shi, Nan Xue, Xiangjin Kong, Chongyang Chen, Bingsheng Tu, Yu-Gang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2675-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2675-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The 229Th isotope is a promising candidate for nuclear clocks. However, the clock transition varies due to the electron-induced nuclear frequency shift. To achieve the accuracy required for developing a nuclear clock, this effect must be precisely determined. In this work, we employed a non-perturbative multi-configuration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) method, in contrast to the perturbation theory used previously, to resolve the electron-induced field shift effect. As a more internally consistent ab initio method, this calculation accounts for subtle differences in the nuclear potential while considering the 229Th isotope in both its ground and isomeric states. Consequently, the nuclear clock transition frequency difference between 229Th3+ and 229Th4+ was determined to be −639 MHz with computational convergency down to 1 MHz. Given recently measured transition frequency of 229Th4+ in 229Th-doped CaF2 [Nature 633, 63 (2024)], here the transition frequency of isolated 229Th3+ is predicted to be (2020407009(1)_{text{comp.}}(77)_{deltalangle{r}^{2}rangle}(70)_{text{ext.}}) MHz, with brackets indicating uncertainties stemming from our atomic structure computations, the nuclear charge radius difference from the literature, and the influence of the crystal environment as reported in the literature. This provides valuable guidance for direct laser excitation of isolated 229Th3+ based on ion trap experiments.</div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tunable terahertz focused vector vortex beam generation enabled by cascaded metasurfaces 通过级联超表面实现可调谐太赫兹聚焦矢量涡旋光束的产生

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-025-2644-2

Hui Li, Tong Nan, Wenhui Xu, Jie Li, Chenglong Zheng, Qi Tan, Chunyu Song, Hang Xu, Yan Zhang, Jianquan Yao

{"title":"Tunable terahertz focused vector vortex beam generation enabled by cascaded metasurfaces","authors":"Hui Li, Tong Nan, Wenhui Xu, Jie Li, Chenglong Zheng, Qi Tan, Chunyu Song, Hang Xu, Yan Zhang, Jianquan Yao","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2644-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2644-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Focused vector vortex beams (VVBs) offer significant potential for applications in nonlinear effects, quantum optics, and communications due to their symmetric intensity patterns, phase singularities, and structured polarization profiles. Nevertheless, the emerging frontier of dynamically tunable VVBs in the THz regime faces critical limitations in conventional static metasurface implementations, hindering their full potential for advanced photonic applications. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a design strategy, which employs dielectric cascaded metasurfaces to generate VVBs with tunable characteristics through mechanical twisting. To achieve this, Layer I is constructed from birefringent silicon pillars with rectangular configurations, enabling independent encoding of orthogonal circularly polarized channels via spin-decoupled phasing techniques, while Layer II is composed of cylindrical silicon pillars with polarization-maintaining properties to control the focal length. The generation and modulation of VVBs are achieved by mechanically adjusting the relative angles between these two layers, allowing for dynamic tuning of the beam’s properties. Experimentally, we further present the accurate generation of first- and second-order focused VVBs with a high focusing efficiency (> 12.9%), consistent with theoretical predictions. Moreover, the system exhibited continuous focal length tuning across 26λ−10.4λ by rotating the layers from 90° to 240°, achieving a 42.8% modulation depth, while maintaining radial symmetry, as confirmed by an absolute percentage error analysis (< 9.8%). The demonstrated mechanical tuning mechanism provides a practical pathway toward adaptive THz photonic devices, bridging critical gaps in real-world applications ranging from polarization-encoded communications to depth-resolved biomedical imaging.</div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fixed-point quantum continuous search algorithm with optimal query complexity 具有最优查询复杂度的定点量子连续搜索算法

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-024-2629-1

Shan Jin, Yuhan Huang, Shaojun Wu, Guanyu Zhou, Chang-Ling Zou, Luyan Sun, Xiaoting Wang

引用次数: 0

Exploration of electron and ion thermodynamic models in laser-plasma expansion 激光等离子体膨胀中电子和离子热力学模型的探索

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-024-2645-2

Yuan Hu, Zilin Huang, Yong Cao, Quanhua Sun, Heji Huang, Chengyuan Ding, Zhan Wang

{"title":"Exploration of electron and ion thermodynamic models in laser-plasma expansion","authors":"Yuan Hu, Zilin Huang, Yong Cao, Quanhua Sun, Heji Huang, Chengyuan Ding, Zhan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2645-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2645-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The expansion of laser-produced plasma (LPP), an important process to be understood to design the debris mitigation system of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source, is governed by its associated electron and ion thermodynamics, the modeling of which is, however, a subject of debate. By applying the polytropic equation of state (EoS) for both electron and ion, we have derived the hydrodynamic-based self-similar solutions for an expanding plasma slab with finite ion temperature. The effects of electron and ion thermodynamics on plasma expansion and ion acceleration are investigated. We show that the unusual negative-correlation thermodynamic model for electrons in the hydrodynamic description of plasma expansion is an outcome of the interactions between the electrons following a nonequilibrium kappa distribution and the inherent plasma-induced electric field from a kinetic point of view. The comparisons between the self-similar solutions and the recent experiment data reveal that the electron is better characterized by the nonequilibrium kappa-based thermodynamic model with suprathermal population than the common equilibrium Boltzmann one. For thermal-ion expansion, it is found that the polytropic index for ion thermodynamics (γi) is about 2, in contrast to γi = 3 for the adiabatic assumption made in earlier studies.</div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0