Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"Acoustic encryption with cascaded acoustic holography","authors":"Qin Lin,&nbsp;Feiyan Cai,&nbsp;Jinwei Ye,&nbsp;Yunqing Liu,&nbsp;Rujun Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Yanyi Chen,&nbsp;Hairong Zheng,&nbsp;Huailing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2652-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2652-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acoustic waves are promising for information encryption in electromagnetic shielding environments, or underwater. However, current encryption methods using acoustic waves are prone to information leakage during the decryption process due to their limited information capacity. Herein, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel acoustic holographic encryption framework based on cascaded acoustic holography, enabling encrypted information to be spatially split into two acoustic holographic plates (AHPs). To achieve this, we introduce a physics-enhanced cascaded acoustic hologram deep neural network method that inversely optimizes the phase offset distributions of AHPs. Both numerical and experimental results show that each AHP serves as a spatially separable secret key, carrying a portion of the encrypted information as a unique holographic image. Notably, the complete encrypted image, which differs from the individual holographic images generated by each AHP, is only revealed when both AHPs are appropriately cascaded along the diffraction path. This significantly enhances both information capacity and security. Moreover, we present an enhanced acoustic holographic encryption scheme that allows for the encryption of two holographic images using just three AHPs. A distinct example of underwater communication based on the proposed cascaded acoustic holographic encryption framework is further demonstrated, highlighting its capacity for high-capacity and enhanced-security parallel transmission of multiple messages to multiple receivers. With the advantages of high security, high scalability, and high fidelity, our cascaded acoustic holographic encryption framework has promising applications in fields such as acoustic encryption and underwater communication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lensing and light rings of parity-odd rotating boson stars","authors":"Yang Huang,&nbsp;Dao-Jun Liu,&nbsp;Hongsheng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2577-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2577-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We obtain the first image of a parity-odd celestial body. Recently, an intriguing parity-odd rotating boson star was proposed. We investigate the lensing effects of these stars in detail. Our analysis demonstrates distinct gravitational distortions around these stars, clearly differentiating them from their parity-even counterparts. Furthermore, we analyze the conditions under which chaotic behavior appears in the images of ultra-compact stars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow physics and dynamics in advanced lithography","authors":"Quan Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2667-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2667-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143930136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of nuclear clock transition frequency difference between 229Th3+ and 229Th4+ via ab initio self-consistent field theory","authors":"Ran Si,&nbsp;Chaofan Shi,&nbsp;Nan Xue,&nbsp;Xiangjin Kong,&nbsp;Chongyang Chen,&nbsp;Bingsheng Tu,&nbsp;Yu-Gang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2675-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2675-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ²²⁹Th isotope is a promising candidate for nuclear clocks. However, the clock transition varies due to the electron-induced nuclear frequency shift. To achieve the accuracy required for developing a nuclear clock, this effect must be precisely determined. In this work, we employed a non-perturbative multi-configuration Dirac-Hartree-Fock (MCDHF) method, in contrast to the perturbation theory used previously, to resolve the electron-induced field shift effect. As a more internally consistent <i>ab initio</i> method, this calculation accounts for subtle differences in the nuclear potential while considering the ²²⁹Th isotope in both its ground and isomeric states. Consequently, the nuclear clock transition frequency difference between ²²⁹Th³⁺ and ²²⁹Th⁴⁺ was determined to be −639 MHz with computational convergency down to 1 MHz. Given recently measured transition frequency of ²²⁹Th⁴⁺ in ²²⁹Th-doped CaF₂ [Nature 633, 63 (2024)], here the transition frequency of isolated ²²⁹Th³⁺ is predicted to be <span>(2020407009(1)_{text{comp.}}(77)_{deltalangle{r}^{2}rangle}(70)_{text{ext.}})</span> MHz, with brackets indicating uncertainties stemming from our atomic structure computations, the nuclear charge radius difference from the literature, and the influence of the crystal environment as reported in the literature. This provides valuable guidance for direct laser excitation of isolated ²²⁹Th³⁺ based on ion trap experiments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable terahertz focused vector vortex beam generation enabled by cascaded metasurfaces","authors":"Hui Li,&nbsp;Tong Nan,&nbsp;Wenhui Xu,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Chenglong Zheng,&nbsp;Qi Tan,&nbsp;Chunyu Song,&nbsp;Hang Xu,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Jianquan Yao","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2644-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2644-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Focused vector vortex beams (VVBs) offer significant potential for applications in nonlinear effects, quantum optics, and communications due to their symmetric intensity patterns, phase singularities, and structured polarization profiles. Nevertheless, the emerging frontier of dynamically tunable VVBs in the THz regime faces critical limitations in conventional static metasurface implementations, hindering their full potential for advanced photonic applications. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a design strategy, which employs dielectric cascaded metasurfaces to generate VVBs with tunable characteristics through mechanical twisting. To achieve this, Layer I is constructed from birefringent silicon pillars with rectangular configurations, enabling independent encoding of orthogonal circularly polarized channels via spin-decoupled phasing techniques, while Layer II is composed of cylindrical silicon pillars with polarization-maintaining properties to control the focal length. The generation and modulation of VVBs are achieved by mechanically adjusting the relative angles between these two layers, allowing for dynamic tuning of the beam’s properties. Experimentally, we further present the accurate generation of first- and second-order focused VVBs with a high focusing efficiency (&gt; 12.9%), consistent with theoretical predictions. Moreover, the system exhibited continuous focal length tuning across 26<i>λ</i>−10.4<i>λ</i> by rotating the layers from 90° to 240°, achieving a 42.8% modulation depth, while maintaining radial symmetry, as confirmed by an absolute percentage error analysis (&lt; 9.8%). The demonstrated mechanical tuning mechanism provides a practical pathway toward adaptive THz photonic devices, bridging critical gaps in real-world applications ranging from polarization-encoded communications to depth-resolved biomedical imaging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fixed-point quantum continuous search algorithm with optimal query complexity","authors":"Shan Jin,&nbsp;Yuhan Huang,&nbsp;Shaojun Wu,&nbsp;Guanyu Zhou,&nbsp;Chang-Ling Zou,&nbsp;Luyan Sun,&nbsp;Xiaoting Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2629-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2629-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Continuous search problems (CSPs), which involve finding solutions within a continuous domain, frequently arise in fields such as optimization, physics, and engineering. Unlike discrete search problems, CSPs require navigating an uncountably infinite space, presenting unique computational challenges. In this work, we propose a fixed-point quantum search algorithm that leverages continuous variables to address these challenges, achieving a quadratic speedup. Inspired by the discrete search results, we manage to establish a lower bound on the query complexity of arbitrary quantum search for CSPs, demonstrating the optimality of our approach. In addition, we demonstrate how to design the internal structure of the quantum search oracle for specific problems. Furthermore, we develop a general framework to apply this algorithm to a range of problem types, including optimization and eigenvalue problems involving continuous variables.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of electron and ion thermodynamic models in laser-plasma expansion","authors":"Yuan Hu,&nbsp;Zilin Huang,&nbsp;Yong Cao,&nbsp;Quanhua Sun,&nbsp;Heji Huang,&nbsp;Chengyuan Ding,&nbsp;Zhan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2645-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2645-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The expansion of laser-produced plasma (LPP), an important process to be understood to design the debris mitigation system of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source, is governed by its associated electron and ion thermodynamics, the modeling of which is, however, a subject of debate. By applying the polytropic equation of state (EoS) for both electron and ion, we have derived the hydrodynamic-based self-similar solutions for an expanding plasma slab with finite ion temperature. The effects of electron and ion thermodynamics on plasma expansion and ion acceleration are investigated. We show that the unusual negative-correlation thermodynamic model for electrons in the hydrodynamic description of plasma expansion is an outcome of the interactions between the electrons following a nonequilibrium kappa distribution and the inherent plasma-induced electric field from a kinetic point of view. The comparisons between the self-similar solutions and the recent experiment data reveal that the electron is better characterized by the nonequilibrium kappa-based thermodynamic model with suprathermal population than the common equilibrium Boltzmann one. For thermal-ion expansion, it is found that the polytropic index for ion thermodynamics (<i>γ</i>_<i>i</i>) is about 2, in contrast to <i>γ</i>_<i>i</i> = 3 for the adiabatic assumption made in earlier studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A born ultramassive white dwarf-hot subdwarf super-Chandrasekhar candidate","authors":"Changqing Luo,&nbsp;Jiao Li,&nbsp;Chuanjie Zheng,&nbsp;Dongdong Liu,&nbsp;Zhenwei Li,&nbsp;Yangping Luo,&nbsp;Péter Németh,&nbsp;Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Jianping Xiong,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Song Wang,&nbsp;Yu Bai,&nbsp;Qingzheng Li,&nbsp;Pei Wang,&nbsp;Zhanwen Han,&nbsp;Jifeng Liu,&nbsp;Yang Huang,&nbsp;Xuefei Chen,&nbsp;Chao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2630-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2630-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although supernovae are well-known endpoints of accreting white dwarfs, alternative theoretical possibilities have been widely discussed, such as the accretion-induced collapse (AIC) event as the endpoint of oxygen-neon (ONe) white dwarfs, either accreting up to or merging to exceed the Chandrasekhar limit (the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf). AIC is an important channel to form neutron stars, especially for those unusual systems that are unlikely produced by core-collapse supernovae. However, the observational evidence for this theoretically predicted event and its progenitor is very limited. In all of the known progenitor systems, white dwarfs increase in mass through accretion. Here, we report the discovery of an intriguing binary system Lan 11, composed of a stripped core-helium-burning hot subdwarf and an unseen compact object with a mass of 1.08<i>M</i>_⊙ to 1.35<i>M</i>_⊙. Our binary population synthesis calculations suggest that the latter is most likely to be an ONe white dwarf. Furthermore, the non-detection in deep radio observations by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) does not exclude this interpretation. The total mass of this binary ranges from 1.67<i>M</i>_⊙ to 1.92<i>M</i>_⊙, significantly exceeding the Chandrasekhar limit. The reproduction of its evolutionary history indicates that the unique system has undergone two phases of common envelope ejection, implying a born nature of this massive ONe white dwarf rather than an accretion growth from its companion. These results, together with short orbital period of this binary (3.65 h), suggest that this system will merge in 500–540Myr, largely triggering an AIC event, although the possibility of type Ia supernova cannot be entirely ruled out. This finding greatly provides valuable constraints on our understanding of stellar endpoints, whatever leading to an AIC or a supernova.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grover’s search finds new applications in continuous optimization and spectral analysis","authors":"Xiaoming Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2662-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2662-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding vitrification kinetics through fast scanning calorimetry","authors":"Qi Cheng","doi":"10.1007/s11433-024-2574-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-024-2574-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}