Dust processing in the terrestrial planet-forming region of the PDS 70 disk

IF 6.4 1区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1007/s11433-024-2597-5

Yao Liu, Dafa Li, Hongchi Wang, Haoran Feng, Min Fang, Fujun Du, Thomas Henning, Giulia Perotti

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Abstract

Dust grains in protoplanetary disks are the building blocks of planets. Investigating the dust composition and size, and their variation over time, is crucial for understanding the planet formation process. The PDS 70 disk is so far the only protoplanetary disk with concrete evidence for the presence of young planets. Mid-infrared spectra were obtained for PDS 70 by the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope (SST) and the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in 2007 and 2022, respectively. In this work, we investigate the dust mineralogy through a detailed decomposition of the observed mid-infrared spectra. The results show that both the dust size and crystallinity increased by a factor of about two during the two epochs of observation, indicating evident dust processing in the terrestrial planet-forming region of the PDS 70 disk. The dust size (∼ 0.8 µm) and crystallinity (∼ 6%) in the PDS 70 disk are similar to those of other disks, which implies that the two nascent planets, PDS 70b and PDS 70c located at radial distances of ∼ 22 AU and ∼ 34 AU, do not have a significant impact on the dust processing in the inner disk. The flux densities at λ ≿ 16 µm measured by JWST/MIRI are only 60% of those obtained by Spitzer/IRS. Based on self-consistent radiative transfer modeling, we found that such a strong variability in mid-infrared fluxes can be produced by adjustments to the dust density distribution and structure of the inner disk probably induced by planet-disk interaction.

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PDS 70盘类地行星形成区的尘埃处理

原行星盘中的尘埃颗粒是行星的基石。研究尘埃的组成和大小，以及它们随时间的变化，对于理解行星的形成过程至关重要。到目前为止，PDS 70盘是唯一一个有具体证据证明年轻行星存在的原行星盘。分别于2007年和2022年利用斯皮策太空望远镜（SST）上的红外光谱仪（IRS）和詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）上的中红外仪器（MIRI）获得了PDS 70的中红外光谱。在这项工作中，我们通过对观测到的中红外光谱的详细分解来研究尘埃的矿物学。结果表明，在观测的两个时期，尘埃的大小和结晶度都增加了约2倍，表明PDS 70盘的类地行星形成区存在明显的尘埃加工过程。PDS 70盘的尘埃大小（~ 0.8µm）和结晶度（~ 6%）与其他盘相似，这意味着两颗新生行星PDS 70b和PDS 70c位于~ 22 AU和~ 34 AU的径向距离，对内部盘的尘埃加工没有显著影响。JWST/MIRI测量的λ μ l - 16 μ m处的通量密度仅为Spitzer/IRS测量的60%。基于自洽辐射传输模型，我们发现这种强烈的中红外通量变化可能是由行星-磁盘相互作用引起的尘埃密度分布和内盘结构的调整引起的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

4047

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and published by Science China Press, is committed to publishing high-quality, original results in both basic and applied research. Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, is published in both print and electronic forms. It is indexed by Science Citation Index. Categories of articles: Reviews summarize representative results and achievements in a particular topic or an area, comment on the current state of research, and advise on the research directions. The author’s own opinion and related discussion is requested. Research papers report on important original results in all areas of physics, mechanics and astronomy. Brief reports present short reports in a timely manner of the latest important results.