Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"H.-P. Schmauder","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80123-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80123-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 5","pages":"Page 342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80123-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91686322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Filamentous fungi and mycotoxin detected in coconut.","authors":"A. A. Zohri, S. Saber","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80121-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80121-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"9 1","pages":"325-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83047389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"H.-P. Schmauder","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80128-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80128-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 5","pages":"Page 374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80128-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91608321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of seed dressing on rhizosphere microflora of legumes II. response of some physiological groups","authors":"O. Stefaniak ,&nbsp;W. Ślizak ,&nbsp;W. Piotrowski","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80127-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80127-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In micro-plot experiment the effect of fungicidal seed dressing (Dithane M-45, Funaben T-suspended and Funaben T-liquid, Infutox, Oftanol T and Tiprosal) on growth of ammonifying and proteolytic bacteria as well as cellulolytic microflora in the rhizosphere of white lupine, horse-bean and pea were investigated. The nodulation and root weight of these plants have been estimated too.</p><p>The response of tested microorganisms to fungicides was different, depended of kind of preparation and was markedly modified by plant (species and stage of growth).</p><p>The changes in the nodulation (number and size of nodules) and the development of root system were differentiated for each fungicide and plant. These changes were stronger in case of pea and horse-bean than lupine.</p></div><div><p>Die Reaktion der proteolytischen und ammonifizierenden Bakterien, der cellulolytischen Bakterien und Pilze in der Rhizosphäre von Erbse, Pferdebohne und weißer Lupine auf die Fungizidmittel (Dithane M-45, Funaben T-flüssig, Funaben T-Suspension, Infutox, Oftanol T, Tiprosal), die als Saatbeize angewendet wurden, war verschieden. Der Einfluß der Präparate auf die Entwicklung dieser Mikroorganismen war deutlich durch die Pflanze (Gattung und Entwicklungsphase) modifiziert.</p><p>Die angewendeten Saatbeizemittel beeinflußten auch die Knöllchenbildung der untersuchten Pflanzen (Zahl und Knöllchengröße) und die Entwicklung der Wurzel (Masse), aber der Einfluß war für jedes Präparat verschieden und für jede Pflanze abweichend.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 5","pages":"Pages 365-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80127-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56538614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of potassium sorbate on growth and penicillic acid production by Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium aurantiogriseum","authors":"S. Garza ,&nbsp;R. Canela ,&nbsp;I. Viñas ,&nbsp;V. Sanchis","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80124-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80124-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of potassium sorbate on the growth and penicillic acid production of <em>Aspergillus ochraceus</em> and <em>Penicillium aurantiogriseum</em> was studied. Yeast extract sucrose (YES) broth at initial pH values of 5.5 or 7.0, and containing different concentrations of potassium sorbate was inoculated with fungal spores and incubated for 35 days at 28°C. In all cases, although the pH changes in sorbate-containing media were delayed, patterns were similar to those of the cultures without sorbate. This was most evident when the highest concentration of potassium sorbate was used. Potassium sorbate also inhibited mycelial growth. Penicillic acid production was initially delayed by the presence of potassium sorbate but this inhibition was eventually overcome (30–35 days) and penicillic acid levels at the end of the experiment were similar or higher then the controls. Generally cultures growing in culture media at an initial pH of 5.5 produced less toxin than those growing at pH 7.0.</p></div><div><p>Es wurde die Wirkung von Kaliumsorbat auf Wachstum und Produktion der Penicillinsäure von <em>A. ochraceus</em> und <em>P. aurantiogriseum</em> untersucht.</p><p>Die Versuche wurden auf Nährböden (YES) durchgefühlt, welche unterschiedliche Kaliumsorbatkonzentrationen bei Anfangs-pH-Werten von 5,5 und 7,0 aufwiesen. Die Inkubationszeit betrug 35 Tage bei 28°C.</p><p>Das Kaliumsorbat übt eine hemmende Wirkung auf die Penicillinsäureproduktion und den pH-Verlauf aus. Nach anfänglicher Verzögerung, bedingt durch den Konservierungsstoff erfolgt ein verstärktes Wachstum des Schimmelpilzes, so daß gegen Ende der Inkubationszeit (30–35 Tage) die erreichten Werte aus den Versuchen mit Konservierungsstoffen, bei ähnlichen oder sogar höheren Werten liegen, wie sie sich bei Abwesenheit des Konservierungsstoffes einstellen. Dies wurde um so deutlicher je höher die Konzentration des Konservierungsstoffes war.</p><p>Auch bei den Mycelien konnte eine Verzögerung der Wachstumsfunktion beobachtet werden.</p><p>Geneell läßt sich sagen, daß die Kulturen, die mit Kaliumsorbat behandelt waren und auf einen Anfangs-pH-Wert von 7,0 eingestellt waren, eine höhere Penicillinsäureproduktion aufwiesen, als diejenigen mit einem Anfangs-pH-Wert von 5,5.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 5","pages":"Pages 343-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80124-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91686324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxytetracycline formation in blackstrap molasses medium by Streptomyces rimosus","authors":"A.A. Abou-Zeid ,&nbsp;J.A. Khan ,&nbsp;K.O. Abulnaja","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80125-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80125-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Analyses of blackstrap molasses revealed that it contains many miscellaneous compounds in the form of monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose, arabinose and dissacharide such as sucrose and trisaccharid such as raffinose. It also contains some amino acids beside citric and aconitic acids and many elements such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium.</p><p>Utilization of urea as organic nitrogen source was more effective than (NH₄)₂SO₄ as inorganic nitrogen source for the oxytetracycline formation by <em>Streptomyces rimosus</em>. The suitable urea concentration was in the range of 1.5 mg/ml. The suitable KH₂PO₄ concentration was also in the range of 1.5 mg/ml. Blackstrap molasses was better for the antibiotic formation than glucose as carbon source. The suitability may be attributed to its content of a balance of materials such as different sugars, minerals and amino and organic acids. Moreover, it is cheaper than other raw resources.</p></div><div><p>Analysen der „Schwarzstreifen-Melasse“ zeigten, daß diese viele unterschiedliche Verbindungen enthält, z. B. bei Monosacchariden Glucose, Fructose, Arabinose, bei Disacchariden Saccharose und bei Trisacchariden Raffinose. Sie enthält weiterhin einige Aminosäuren sowie Citronen- und Aconitsäure und mehrere Elemente wie Natrium, Kalium, Magnesium und Calcium.</p><p>Die Verwertung von Harnstoff als organische N-Quelle war effektiver als die von (NH₄)₂SO₄ als anorganische Quelle in bezug auf die Oxytetracyclinproduktion durch <em>Streptomyces rimosus</em>. Die geeignete Harnstoffkonzentration lag im Bereich von 1,5 mg/ml, die geeignete KH₂PO₄-Konzentration war ebenfalls 1,5 mg/ml. Die Melasse war für die Antibiotikaproduktion geeigneter als Glucose. Dies beruht auf dem zusätzlichen Gehalt an verschiedenen Substanzen wie Zucker, Mineralstoffe, Aminosäuren und organische Säuren. Darüber hinaus ist sie billiger als andere Rohstoffquellen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 5","pages":"Pages 351-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80125-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56537908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terrestrial fungi inhabiting certain species of Nile fishes in Egypt.","authors":"M M Bagy,&nbsp;S K Hemida,&nbsp;U M Mahmoud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty specimens of six species of Nile fishes were examined for the presence of fungi. Of which 2 were from Alestes nurse; 3 from Bagrus docmac; 4 from Barbus bynni; 6 from Chrysichthys auratus; 4 from Lates niloticus and 1 from Malapterurus electricus. Forty-three fungal species in addition to 1 variety appertaining to fifteen genera were recovered from skin (15 genera and 34 species + 1 variety); gills, kidney (12 genera and 30 species + 1 variety, each); liver (11 genera and 30 species + 1 variety) and intestine (13 genera and 30 species + 1 variety) of all specimens, using glucose Czapek-Dox medium at 28 degrees C. The most common genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium and Trichoderma.</p>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 4","pages":"289-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19354997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd) on mycelial growth of Cylindrocarpon destructans (zinssm.) scholten","authors":"H. Rözycki","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80102-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80102-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies were carried out on the effect of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd) on mycelial growth (both colony diameter and dry mass of mycelium) in three isolates of <em>Cylindrocarpon destructans</em> (one — non-pathogenic and two — pathogenic to fir and pine seedlings).</p><p>The inhibitory effect of heavy metals on mycelial growth increased in the following order: Pb &lt; Zn &lt; Cd &lt; Cu. The relationship between dry mass of mycelium and colony diameter was evaluated by cubic regression equations. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has shown that effects of heavy metal concentrations on mycelial growth were stronger than those of the isolates. The general heavy metal tolerance was in the following order: isolate No. 6 &gt; No. 8 &gt; No. 1 (non-pathogenic).</p></div><div><p>Der Einfluß von Schwermetallen (Pb, Zn, Cu und Cd) auf das Mycelwachstum (Kolonie — Durchmesser und Mycel — Trockenmasse) von 3 Isolaten von <em>Cylindrocarpon destructans</em> (1 nicht pathogen, 2 pathogen für Tannen- und Kiefernsämlinge) wurde untersucht. Der Hemmeffekt der Schwermetalle auf das Mycelwachstum stieg in der Reihenfolge Pb &lt; Zn &lt; Cd &lt; Cu an.</p><p>Die Korrelation zwischen Myceltrockenmasse und Koloniedurchmesser wurde durch kubische Regression ermittelt. Varianzanalysen (ANOVA) haben gezeigt, daß die Effekte der Schwermetallkonzentrationen auf das Mycelwachstum stärker waren als die Unterschiede zwischen den Isolaten. Die Schwermetalltoleranz zeigte folgende Reihenfolge: Isolate Nr. 6 &gt; Nr. 8 &gt; Nr. 1 (nicht pathogen).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 4","pages":"Pages 265-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80102-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56537495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellulase production on high levels of cellulose and corn steep liquor","authors":"Mohamed A. Farid ,&nbsp;Kamal Y. El-Shahed","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80104-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80104-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several enhanced cellulase mutants of <em>Trichoderma reesei</em> have been used for cellulase production using corn steep liquor and microcrystalline cellulose as substrates. Under the optimum fermentation conditions on 6% cellulose and 3.6% corn steep liquor <em>Trichoderma reesei</em> Rut C 30 produced high levels of cellulase enzymes 6MC-ase 54 IU/ml, filter paper activity 3.2 IU/ml after 10 days incubation at 28–30°C.</p></div><div><p>Verschiedene Mutanten von <em>Trichoderma reesei</em> mit erhöhten Cellulase-Aktivitäten wurden auf ihre Cellulaseproduktion bei Einsatz von Maisquellwasser und mikrokristalliner Cellulose als Nährsubstrate untersucht. Unter den ermittelten optimalen Fermentationsbedingungen mit 6% Cellulose und 3,6% Maisquellwasser produziert <em>Trichoderma reesei</em> Rut C 30 einen hohen Cellulasespiegel von 54 IU/ml CMC-ase und 3,2 IU/ml Filterpapier-Aktivität nach 10 Tagen Inkubation bei 28–30°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 4","pages":"Pages 277-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80104-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81672161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the photochemical immobilization of alkaline proteinase and chymotrypsin on the solid phase of O-hydroxyethylcellulose","authors":"I. Sroková ,&nbsp;G. Čík","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80100-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80100-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stability of the photochemically immobilized alkaline proteinase (E.C. 3.4.21.14) and chymotrypsin (E.C. 3.4.21.1.) onto the gel of O-hydroxyethylcellulose has been studied. For the purpose of immobilization the photochemical generation of nitrene radicals caused by the photolysis of an azido group of bifunctional 4,4′-bis-azidostilbene-2,2′-disodium-sulphate and the newly synthetized O-(3-azidophtaloyl)-O-hydroxyethylcellulose have been employed. The immobilized alkaline proteinase demonstrated a decreased ability of denaturation and an increased laboratory stability.</p></div><div><p>Es wurde die Stabilität der photochemisch immobilisierten alkalischen Proteinase (E.C. 3.4.21.14.) und des Chymotrypsins (E.C. 3.4.21.1.) im Gel der O-Hydroxyethylcellulose studiert. Zur Immobilisation wurde die photochemische Erregung nitrenischer Radikale durch Photolyse einer Azidogruppe des 4,4′-Bisazidostilben-2,2′-Dinatriumsulfats und der neusynthetisierten O-(3-Azidoptaloyl)-O-Hydroxyethylcellulose verwendet. Die immobilisierte alkalische Proteinase zeigte eine erniedrigte Denaturationsfähigkeit und erhöhte Stabilität.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 4","pages":"Pages 247-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80100-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87236872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}