The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement最新文献_第5页

Antipsychotic long-acting injections in clinical practice: medication management and patient choice. 抗精神病长效注射剂的临床应用:用药管理与患者选择。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2009-11-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.195.52.s51

Richard Gray, Rosalyn Spilling, David Burgess, Tim Newey

{"title":"Antipsychotic long-acting injections in clinical practice: medication management and patient choice.","authors":"Richard Gray, Rosalyn Spilling, David Burgess, Tim Newey","doi":"10.1192/bjp.195.52.s51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.195.52.s51","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A patient-centred approach to care, focusing on recovery, demands a reconsideration of how choices are made about treatment, how this affects medication adherence, and the role of long-acting antipsychotics (LAIs) in this process.Aims: To explore the role of the mental health professional (particularly nurses) in helping patients manage their medication, with a specific focus of the use and administration of LAIs.Method: A pragmatic review of the literature.Results: Patients (by experience) and mental health professionals (by training and clinical practice) are experts in the care and treatment of psychosis. When patients and clinicians make a joint decision both are more likely to adhere to the treatment plan. In this paper we consider good practice in the administration of LAIs that focuses on where and when they should be given and administration techniques. Skills for talking with patients about their medication that include exchanging information, monitoring the effects of medication and making advance choices about treatment in the event of a crisis are also discussed.Conclusions: Mental health professionals require a range of competences to help patients manage their medication effectively.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"52 ","pages":"S51-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.195.52.s51","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28481249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injections: systematic review. 第二代抗精神病长效注射剂：系统评价。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2009-11-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.195.52.s29

W Wolfgang Fleischhacker

{"title":"Second-generation antipsychotic long-acting injections: systematic review.","authors":"W Wolfgang Fleischhacker","doi":"10.1192/bjp.195.52.s29","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.195.52.s29","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) represent an advance in the long-term management of schizophrenia.Aims: To review the available evidence concerning SGA long-acting injections (LAIs).Method: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed.Results: Risperidone long-acting injection was the first licensed SGA-LAI compound and is effective in the long-term management of schizophrenia, with a safety profile similar to that of oral risperidone. Olanzapine pamoate has recently been approved in Europe. In terms of efficacy, at injection intervals of up to 4 weeks it appears comparable to oral olanzapine, although the potential for ;post-injection syndrome' (delirium) calls for additional safety considerations. Paliperidone palmitate is currently under review with the licensing authorities. It also affords the potential advantage of monthly dosing.Conclusions: More long-term comparisons of SGA-LAIs with oral SGAs as well as with first-generation antipsychotic LAIs are needed. These studies should include cost-effectiveness data.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"52 ","pages":"S29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28481245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attitudes of patients and mental health staff to antipsychotic long-acting injections: systematic review. 患者和精神卫生人员对长效抗精神病药物注射的态度：系统回顾。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2009-11-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.195.52.s43

Linda Waddell, Mark Taylor

{"title":"Attitudes of patients and mental health staff to antipsychotic long-acting injections: systematic review.","authors":"Linda Waddell, Mark Taylor","doi":"10.1192/bjp.195.52.s43","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.195.52.s43","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The attitudes of staff and patients have been demonstrated to influence the acceptance of long-acting injections (LAIs) or depot antipsychotics.Aims: To examine the attitudes of patients and staff to LAIs.Method: A systematic review was carried out. Studies included contained quantitative data for attitudes of patients or staff to LAIs.Results: Twelve studies published subsequent to the systematic review reported in 2001 were identified. Five studies conveyed an overall positive attitude. The most positive attitudes among patients were seen in those already prescribed an LAI. Positive attitudes of staff correlated closely with the extent of their knowledge of LAIs.Conclusions: Long-acting injections continue to have an image problem, arguably perpetuated by manufacturers of oral second-generation antipsychotic drugs, and exacerbated by the predominant use of these medications as a ;last resort' often for the most stigmatized individuals. The introduction of better-tolerated LAIs and better education of both staff and patients may encourage individuals to re-examine their attitudes.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"52 ","pages":"S43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28481247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Community treatment orders and antipsychotic long-acting injections. 社区治疗单和长效抗精神病药物注射。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2009-11-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.195.52.s57

Tim J Lambert, Bruce S Singh, Maxine X Patel

{"title":"Community treatment orders and antipsychotic long-acting injections.","authors":"Tim J Lambert, Bruce S Singh, Maxine X Patel","doi":"10.1192/bjp.195.52.s57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.195.52.s57","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The community treatment order (CTO) is the legal framework by which people in the community are compelled to accept treatment. Both antipsychotic long-acting injections (LAIs) and CTOs are used to address treatment non-adherence.Aims: To investigate the relationship between CTOs and LAI use in patients with schizophrenia.Method: Prescribing, demographic and CTO data were collected for patients from four community mental health clinics in Melbourne, Australia, in 1998 and 2002.Results: Against a background of increasing use of oral second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medication and decreasing use of LAIs, the rates of CTO implementation doubled from 13% to 26% of patients with schizophrenia between 1998 and 2002. Proportionally more patients with a CTO are prescribed LAIs rather than oral SGAs.Conclusions: The relationship between receiving an LAI and being subject to a CTO is significant, and reflects the consideration given to enhancing adherence in a community mental health setting.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"52 ","pages":"S57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.195.52.s57","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28481161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Economic evaluation of early intervention services. 早期干预服务的经济评价。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.191.51.s19

Paul McCrone, Martin Knapp

引用次数: 28

One-year effect of changing duration of untreated psychosis in a single catchment area. 在单一集水区改变精神病治疗持续时间的一年效果。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.191.51.s128

Tor K Larsen, Ingrid Melle, Svein Friis, Inge Joa, Jan Olav Johannessen, Stein Opjordsmoen, Erik Simonsen, Per Vaglum, Thomas H McGlashan

{"title":"One-year effect of changing duration of untreated psychosis in a single catchment area.","authors":"Tor K Larsen, Ingrid Melle, Svein Friis, Inge Joa, Jan Olav Johannessen, Stein Opjordsmoen, Erik Simonsen, Per Vaglum, Thomas H McGlashan","doi":"10.1192/bjp.191.51.s128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s128","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is highly replicated positive correlation between longer duration of untreated psychosis and poorer outcome.Aims: To study the effect of early intervention in first psychosis on one-year outcome using an historical quasi-experimental design.Method: We compare the outcome of two samples of first-episode psychosis from the same healthcare district at different time periods. The historical control sample was assessed during 1993-1994, before the establishment of a system for early detection of psychosis. The experimental sample is the early detection sample in the Early Treatment and Intervention in Psychosis study assessed during 1997-2000.Results: At 1-year follow-up, the early detection group was younger, had a smaller fraction of individuals with schizophrenia, had less severe negative and general symptoms and had more friends in the past year than the historical control group. No differences were found in clinical course (remission, relapse, continuously psychotic) or positive symptoms, but more patients in the early detection sample were treated as outpatients without hospitalisation.Conclusions: Early detection of schizophrenia in one healthcare sector is associated with less severe deterioration at 1 year.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"51 ","pages":"s128-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41052675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Virtual reality and paranoid ideations in people with an 'at-risk mental state' for psychosis. 虚拟现实和精神病“高危精神状态”患者的偏执观念。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.191.51.s63

Lucia R Valmaggia, Daniel Freeman, Catherine Green, Philippa Garety, David Swapp, Angus Antley, Corinne Prescott, David Fowler, Elizabeth Kuipers, Paul Bebbington, Mel Slater, Matthew Broome, Philip K McGuire

{"title":"Virtual reality and paranoid ideations in people with an 'at-risk mental state' for psychosis.","authors":"Lucia R Valmaggia, Daniel Freeman, Catherine Green, Philippa Garety, David Swapp, Angus Antley, Corinne Prescott, David Fowler, Elizabeth Kuipers, Paul Bebbington, Mel Slater, Matthew Broome, Philip K McGuire","doi":"10.1192/bjp.191.51.s63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s63","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Virtual reality provides a means of studying paranoid thinking in controlled laboratory conditions. However, this method has not been used with a clinical group.Aims: To establish the feasibility and safety of using virtual reality methodology in people with an at-risk mental state and to investigate the applicability of a cognitive model of paranoia to this group.Method: Twenty-one participants with an at-risk mental state were assessed before and after entering a virtual reality environment depicting the inside of an underground train.Results: Virtual reality did not raise levels of distress at the time of testing or cause adverse experiences over the subsequent week. Individuals attributed mental states to virtual reality characters including hostile intent. Persecutory ideation in virtual reality was predicted by higher levels of trait paranoia, anxiety, stress, immersion in virtual reality, perseveration and interpersonal sensitivity.Conclusions: Virtual reality is an acceptable experimental technique for use with individuals with at-risk mental states. Paranoia in virtual reality was understandable in terms of the cognitive model of persecutory delusions.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"51 ","pages":"s63-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s63","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41053138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 97

Appraisals of Anomalous Experiences Interview (AANEX): a multidimensional measure of psychological responses to anomalies associated with psychosis. 异常经历评估访谈(AANEX):对与精神病相关的异常心理反应的多维测量。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.191.51.s23

C M C Brett, E P Peters, L C Johns, P Tabraham, L R Valmaggia, P McGuire

{"title":"Appraisals of Anomalous Experiences Interview (AANEX): a multidimensional measure of psychological responses to anomalies associated with psychosis.","authors":"C M C Brett, E P Peters, L C Johns, P Tabraham, L R Valmaggia, P McGuire","doi":"10.1192/bjp.191.51.s23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cognitive models of psychosis suggest that whether anomalous experiences lead to clinically relevant psychotic symptoms depends on how they are appraised, the context in which they occur and the individual's emotional response.Aims: To develop and validate a semi-structured interview (the Appraisals of Anomalous Experiences Interview; AANEX) to assess (a) anomalous experiences and (b) appraisal, contextual and response variables.Method: Following initial piloting, construct validity was tested via cross-sectional comparison of data from clinical and non-clinical samples with anomalous experiences. Interrater reliability was also assessed.Results: Scores from AANEX measuring appraisals, responses and social support differentiated the clinical and nonclinical groups. Interrater reliability was satisfactory for 65 of the 71 items. Six items were subsequently amended.Conclusions: The AANEX is a valid multidimensional instrument that provides a detailed assessment of psychotic-like experiences and subjective variables relevant to the development of a need for clinical care.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"51 ","pages":"s23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s23","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41051515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 91

Delusion formation and reasoning biases in those at clinical high risk for psychosis. 精神病临床高危人群的妄想形成和推理偏差。

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.191.51.s38

M R Broome, L C Johns, I Valli, J B Woolley, P Tabraham, C Brett, L Valmaggia, E Peters, P A Garety, P K McGuire

{"title":"Delusion formation and reasoning biases in those at clinical high risk for psychosis.","authors":"M R Broome, L C Johns, I Valli, J B Woolley, P Tabraham, C Brett, L Valmaggia, E Peters, P A Garety, P K McGuire","doi":"10.1192/bjp.191.51.s38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s38","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cognitive models propose that faulty appraisal of anomalous experiences is critical in developing psychosis, particularly delusions. A data gathering bias may be fundamental to abnormal appraisal.Aims: To examine whether there is a data gathering bias in people at high risk of developing psychosis.Method: Individuals with an at-risk mental state (n=35) were compared with a matched group of healthy volunteers (n=23). Participants were tested using a modified version of the 'beads' reasoning task with different levels of task difficulty.Results: When task demands were high, the at-risk group made judgements on the basis of less information than the control group (P<0.05). Within both groups, jumping to conclusions was directly correlated with the severity of abnormal beliefs and intolerance of uncertainty (P<0.05). In the at-risk group it was also associated with impaired working memory (P<0.05), whereas in the control group poor working memory was associated with a more conservative response style (P<0.05).Conclusions: People with an at-risk mental state display a jumping to conclusions reasoning style, associated with impaired working memory and intolerance of uncertainty. This may underlie a tendency to develop abnormal beliefs and a vulnerability to psychosis.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"51 ","pages":"s38-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.191.51.s38","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41051517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 192

Hypothesis: social defeat is a risk factor for schizophrenia? 假设:社会失败是精神分裂症的危险因素?

The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.191.51.s9

Jean-Paul Selten, Elizabeth Cantor-Graae

引用次数: 164