{"title":"It is time to change our cultural context. Invited commentary on...Evaluation of England's Time to Change programme.","authors":"Bruce G Link","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Time to Change campaign in England has attempted to change attitudes to mental illness at population level. The concept of cultural context is introduced to look at how mental illness functions in society and whether any change in the current context is feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s106-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127431","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40226957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time to change, time to evaluate. Invited commentary on...Evaluation of England's Time to Change programme.","authors":"Norman Sartorius","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126821","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Time to Change is the largest national programme to counter stigma ever undertaken. It demonstrates that stigmatisation and its consequences are gradually becoming recognised as the most important obstacle to the development of mental health programmes. It also demonstrates that they can be prevented or reduced. The programme's evaluation answered many questions but others remain - concerning the indicators of success and ways of assessing them and relevance of the programme's achievements. The programme and its evaluation are important steps in the development of anti-stigma programmes worldwide.","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s108-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40226958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amalia Thornicroft, Robert Goulden, Guy Shefer, Danielle Rhydderch, Diana Rose, Paul Williams, Graham Thornicroft, Claire Henderson
{"title":"Newspaper coverage of mental illness in England 2008-2011.","authors":"Amalia Thornicroft, Robert Goulden, Guy Shefer, Danielle Rhydderch, Diana Rose, Paul Williams, Graham Thornicroft, Claire Henderson","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112920","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Better newspaper coverage of mental health-related issues is a target for the Time to Change (TTC) anti-stigma programme in England, whose population impact may be influenced by how far concurrent media coverage perpetuates stigma and discrimination.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare English newspaper coverage of mental health-related topics each year of the TTC social marketing campaign (2009-2011) with baseline coverage in 2008.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Content analysis was performed on articles in 27 local and national newspapers on two randomly chosen days each month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant increase in the proportion of anti-stigmatising articles between 2008 and 2011. There was no concomitant proportional decrease in stigmatising articles, and the contribution of mixed or neutral elements decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide promising results on improvements in press reporting of mental illness during the TTC programme in 2009-2011, and a basis for guidance to newspaper journalists and editors on reporting mental illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s64-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time to Change from the perspective of a family member. Invited commentary on...Evaluation of England's Time to Change programme.","authors":"Stephen P Hinshaw","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This commentary views the Time to Change programme from a triple perspective: that of a concerned family member, an academic investigator and an American. The programme's results are both encouraging and sobering. Progress has been made in employers' views, but mental health professionals remain a source of discrimination. Future initiatives must have realistic objectives, be multifaceted and avoid overzealous promises.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s104-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40226956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Evans-Lacko, Estelle Malcolm, Keon West, Diana Rose, Jillian London, Nicolas Rüsch, Kirsty Little, Claire Henderson, Graham Thornicroft
{"title":"Influence of Time to Change's social marketing interventions on stigma in England 2009-2011.","authors":"Sara Evans-Lacko, Estelle Malcolm, Keon West, Diana Rose, Jillian London, Nicolas Rüsch, Kirsty Little, Claire Henderson, Graham Thornicroft","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126672","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>England's Time To Change (TTC) social marketing campaign emphasised social contact between people with and without mental health problems to reduce stigma and discrimination.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the mass media component and also that of the mass social contact events.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Online interviews were performed before and after each burst of mass media social marketing to evaluate changes in knowledge, attitudes and behaviour and associations between campaign awareness and outcomes. Participants at social contact events were asked about the occurrence and quality of contact, attitudes, readiness to discuss mental health and intended behaviour towards people with mental health problems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prompted campaign awareness was 38-64%. A longitudinal improvement was noted for one intended behaviour item but not for knowledge or attitudes. Campaign awareness was positively associated with greater knowledge (β = 0.80, 95% CI 0.52-1.08) and more favourable attitudes (commonality OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.10-1.70; dangerousness OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.22-1.63) and intended behaviour (β = 0.75, 95% CI 0.53-0.96). Social contact at events demonstrated a positive impact (M = 2.68) v. no contact (M = 2.42) on perceived attitude change; t(211) = 3.30, P = 0.001. Contact quality predicted more positive attitude change (r = 0.33, P<0.01) and greater confidence to challenge stigma (r = 0.38, P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The favourable short-term consequences of the social marketing campaign suggest that social contact can be used by anti-stigma programmes to reduce stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s77-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Evans-Lacko, Claire Henderson, Graham Thornicroft
{"title":"Public knowledge, attitudes and behaviour regarding people with mental illness in England 2009-2012.","authors":"Sara Evans-Lacko, Claire Henderson, Graham Thornicroft","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112979","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Public stigma against people with mental health problems is damaging to individuals with mental illness and is associated with substantial societal burden.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate whether public knowledge, attitudes and behaviour in relation to people with mental health problems have improved among the English population since the inception of the Time To Change programme in 2009.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analysed longitudinal trends in public knowledge, attitudes and behaviour between 2009 and 2012 among a nationally representative sample of English adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were improvements in intended behaviour (0.07 standard deviation units, 95% CI 0.01-0.14) and a non-significant trend for improvement in attitudes (P = 0.08) among the English population. There was, however, no significant improvement in knowledge or reported behaviour.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings provide support for effectiveness of the national Time to Change programme against stigma and discrimination in improving attitudes and intended behaviour, but not knowledge, among the public in England.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s51-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the Time to Change programme in England 2008-2011.","authors":"Claire Henderson, Graham Thornicroft","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112896","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112896","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Time to Change (TTC) is the largest-ever programme in England designed to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health disorders. The TTC evaluation partner is the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London. We give an overview of the TTC programme 2007-2011 and describe how it was evaluated, by introducing the seven interrelated papers in this supplement, which, taken together, describe a complex series of social interventions using a research design of hitherto unparalleled detail and comprehensiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s45-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time to Change campaign through the eyes of a service user. Invited commentary on...Evaluation of England's Time to Change programme.","authors":"Mary Nettle","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Time to Change campaign and its evaluation in this supplement are looked at from a service user's perspective. A number of achievements are applauded, but pertinent questions about the campaign analysis are raised and a qualitative evaluation is called for.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s102-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40226955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anti-stigma campaigns: time to change.","authors":"Michael Smith","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This evaluation of the Time to Change anti-stigma campaign in England represents a milestone in international stigma research. While showing some positive outcomes, the overall picture is mixed and falls short of the wholesale shift in attitudes that is needed. A new approach is proposed for the coming decades.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s49-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.126813","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E Corker, S Hamilton, C Henderson, C Weeks, V Pinfold, D Rose, P Williams, C Flach, V Gill, E Lewis-Holmes, G Thornicroft
{"title":"Experiences of discrimination among people using mental health services in England 2008-2011.","authors":"E Corker, S Hamilton, C Henderson, C Weeks, V Pinfold, D Rose, P Williams, C Flach, V Gill, E Lewis-Holmes, G Thornicroft","doi":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112912","DOIUrl":"10.1192/bjp.bp.112.112912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research suggests that levels of discrimination against people using mental health services are high; however, reports of these people's experiences are rare.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether the Time to Change (TTC) programme target of 5% reduction in discrimination has been achieved.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Separate samples of people using mental health services were interviewed annually from 2008 to 2011 using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale to record instances of discrimination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-one per cent of participants reported one or more experiences of discrimination in 2008 compared with 88% in 2011 (z = -1.9, P = 0.05). The median negative discrimination score was 40% in 2008 and 28% in 2011 (Kruskal-Wallis χ(2) = 83.4, P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proportion of participants experiencing no discrimination increased significantly over the course of TTC but by less than the initial target. The overall median discrimination score fell by 11.5%. Data from 2010 and 2011 suggest that these gains may be hard to maintain during economic austerity.</p>","PeriodicalId":77411,"journal":{"name":"The British journal of psychiatry. Supplement","volume":"55 ","pages":"s58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}